31:
44:
450:. It may serve as a method to deal with the population of aphids that have overcome wheat's genetic resistance. The study indicated that potassium phosphate treated plants either a resistant strain or a non-resistant strain both show a decrease in aphid numbers that were feeding. Thus the data suggests treating wheat with potassium phosphate to induce tolerance against
349:
became an invasive species in North
America, it is notable that they possess enough endurance to cold temperatures to survive through winter. Aphid populations can overwinter through temperatures between 0 and 5 degrees Celsius. However, temperatures below 10 degrees Celsius will lead to catastrophic
336:
Aphid infestation on wheat also affects the flour that is made from infested wheat plants. Aphid feeding in wheat results in qualitative and quantitative losses in flour yield. Flour derived from aphid infested wheat has a significant negative effect on the gliadin/glutenin ratio which reduces the
371:
infestation of wheat and barley is through host control. Host control consists of raising crops that possess genes that may contribute to aphid resistance. Research has been conducted to identify the specific genes that can be attributed to aphid resistance and the information marked to assist in
332:
of the whole plant. However, once the aphid is removed the plant quickly recovers absolute growth rate and has increased relative growth. As a result of previous infestation, the recovering plants are more efficient in carbon assimilation that results in increased relative growth rates and
196:
of this aphid is toxic to the plant and causes whitish striping on cereal leaves. Feeding by this aphid will also cause the flag leaf to turn white and curl around the head causing incomplete head emergence. Its host plants are cereal grain crops including
191:
there. This aphid is pale green and up to 2 mm long. Cornicles are very short, rounded, and appear to be lacking. There is an appendage above the cauda giving the aphid the appearance of having two tails. The
397:
in
Eurasia, its area of origin. It is possible that natural enemies in that area limit the abundance of the aphids, therefore preventing them from becoming pests. Based on the selection of natural enemies of
892:
Smith, C. Michael; Belay, Tesfay; Stauffer, Christian; Stary, Petr; Kubeckova, Irenka; Starkey, Sharon (2004). "Identification of
Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) Populations Virulent to the
1166:
337:
bread making quality of aphid infested wheat plant flour. However, although it does reduce the quality of flour for bread-making, it is still within acceptable ranges to be usable.
795:
Saeidi, Fatemeh; Moharramipour, Saeid; Mikani, Azam (2017-08-01). "Rapid Cold
Hardening Capacity and Its Impact on Performance of Russian Wheat Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae)".
354:
which allows an insect to develop protection against sudden sub freezing temperatures. Moreover, aphids are capable of RCH without any cost to their reproductive capability.
550:
Hopper, Keith R.; Lanier, Kathryn; Rhoades, Joshua H.; Coutinot, Dominique; Mercadier, Guy; Ramualde, Nathalie; Roche, Marie; Woolley, James B.; Heraty, John M. (2017).
324:
has a variety of effects on the host plant and the subsequent product for which the plant is used. The host plants response to an aphid infestation is a loss of
1138:
942:
602:
Venter, Eduard; Mansoor, Chara V.; Sibisi, Phumzile; Botha, Anna-Maria (2014). "Potassium phosphate induces tolerance against the
Russian wheat aphid (
849:
Liu, X. M.; Smith, C. M.; Gill, B. S.; Tolmay, V. (2001-03-01). "Microsatellite markers linked to six
Russian wheat aphid resistance genes in wheat".
30:
1086:
676:
Basky, Zsuzsa; Fónagy, Adrien (2003-04-01). "Glutenin and gliadin contents of flour derived from wheat infested with different aphid species".
305:
and other growth impairment. The aphid further increases the nutritional drainage of the host plant through eliciting an increase in essential
719:
Girma, Melaku; Wilde, Gerald E.; Harvey, T. L. (1993-04-01). "Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) Affects Yield and
Quality of Wheat".
271:
After its detection in the US in 1986, the
Russian wheat aphid quickly became a major pest of wheat and barley. The researches that found
641:
Burd, John D.; Burton, Robert L. (1992-10-01). "Characterization of Plant Damage Caused by
Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae)".
1209:
1204:
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can be traced back to
Eurasia when it was a pest on cereals. Aside from direct damages to crops, they are also vectors for
756:"Impact of Subzero Temperatures on Survival, Longevity, and Natality of Adult Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae)"
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1021:
1008:
289:. The result of being a host of an aphid are damages through nutrient drainage which develops into symptoms such as
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261:
43:
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Birgücü, Ali Kemal; Turanli, Ferit; Çelik, Yusuf (2016-01-01). "The Effect of Herbicides on Russian Wheat Aphid,
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244:
Russian wheat aphids are one of the most significant pests on wheat in the world. It was first identified as a
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decrease in population. In addition to survivability in sub zero temperatures, the aphids are also capable of
402:
in Eurasia, the paper performed a survey of host specificity of different species of parasite from the genus
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and reduced growth due to water imbalances as the aphid feed on phloem. The aphid also causes reduction in
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breeding aphid resistant strain of wheat or barley. The genes that have been identified so far have been
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of aphids that were able to overcome these resistance strains began to appear in 2003.
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variety. Due to this host specificity, the paper suggests that biological control of
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that can cause significant losses in cereal crops. The species was introduced to the
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Hopper et al.'s research into biological control is based on the non-pest status of
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Potassium phosphate was studied as a resistance inducer on wheat plants against
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Russian Wheat Aphid: An introduced pest of small grains in the High Plains
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236:. The species was probably transmitted through wheat imports.
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10.1603/0022-0493(2004)097[1112:iorwah]2.0.co;2
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compensates for the leaf damages during aphid infestation.
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by triggering a breakdown of proteins in the host plant.
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Butts, Richard A.; Schaalje, G. Bruce (1997-06-01).
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oviposition orients the species specificity towards
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473:"Invasive Species: Animals - Russian Wheat Aphid (
941:, National Invasive Species Information Center,
556:species considered for introduction to control
471:Center, National Invasive Species Information.
597:
595:
426:rarely approaches aphids that are not of the
205:and to a lesser extent, wild grasses such as
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275:resistant strains of wheat were in 1996 but
232:. It was first found in the U.S. in 1986 in
943:United States National Agricultural Library
506:Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society
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224:. It was introduced to many countries in
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935:Species Profile - Russian Wheat Aphid (
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504:(Kurdjumov) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)".
220:The Russian wheat aphid is native to
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1079:06706ccb-d264-4478-897d-6d7bde2a58db
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543:
285:feeds on the host plant through the
606:, Homoptera: Aphididae) in wheat".
217:and anything in the grass family.
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851:Theoretical and Applied Genetics
585:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2017.01.006
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898:Journal of Economic Entomology
721:Journal of Economic Entomology
643:Journal of Economic Entomology
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414:. The behavior of females of
187:in 1986 and is considered an
628:10.1016/j.cropro.2014.03.015
438:introduction into the west.
481:www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov
317:Effect of Aphid infestation
252:in 1901. And the origin of
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352:rapid cold hardiness (RCH)
222:southwestern parts of Asia
1210:Insects described in 1913
1205:Agricultural pest insects
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39:Scientific classification
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797:Environmental Entomology
760:Environmental Entomology
1225:Insect pests of millets
953:Kansas State University
678:Pest Management Science
434:may be viable through
1220:Insect pests of wheat
863:10.1007/s001220051674
655:10.1093/jee/85.5.2017
552:"Host specificity of
1074:Fauna Europaea (new)
733:10.1093/jee/86.2.594
367:A method to control
24:Russian wheat aphid
773:10.1093/ee/26.3.661
620:2014CrPro..61...43V
576:2017BiolC.107...21H
258:barley yellow dwarf
173:Russian wheat aphid
16:Species of true bug
896:Resistance Gene".
564:Biological Control
389:Biological control
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458:References
358:Management
307:amino acid
215:ryegrasses
102:Suborder:
76:Arthropoda
1131:2.1001156
871:0040-5752
817:0046-225X
782:0046-225X
741:0022-0493
698:1526-4998
663:0022-0493
614:: 43–50.
570:: 21–32.
554:Aphelinus
526:0022-8567
436:A. hordei
424:A. hordei
422:. Female
416:A. hordei
404:Aphelinus
363:Tolerance
291:chlorosis
277:genotypes
268:viruses.
134:Species:
127:Diuraphis
116:Aphididae
96:Hemiptera
62:Kingdom:
56:Eukaryota
987:Q4539875
981:Wikidata
918:15279298
879:35409142
833:27777282
825:28541434
706:12701703
534:86959274
452:D. noxia
448:D. noxia
432:D. noxia
428:D. noxia
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400:D. noxia
395:D. noxia
369:D. noxia
347:D. noxia
322:D. noxia
303:stunting
295:necrosis
283:D. noxia
273:D. noxia
254:D. noxia
179:) is an
112:Family:
72:Phylum:
66:Animalia
52:Domain:
1177:6812675
1092:2070133
616:Bibcode
572:Bibcode
374:Dn1-Dn9
330:biomass
299:wilting
122:Genus:
92:Order:
86:Insecta
82:Class:
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287:phloem
250:Crimea
230:Africa
226:Europe
203:barley
194:saliva
1164:PPE:
1066:55106
1053:67223
1048:EUNIS
875:S2CID
829:S2CID
530:S2CID
234:Texas
199:wheat
181:aphid
1139:NCBI
1118:9887
1087:GBIF
1035:EPPO
1022:BOLD
914:PMID
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813:ISSN
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659:ISSN
522:ISSN
376:and
264:and
246:pest
240:Pest
228:and
201:and
171:The
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1009:AFD
996:ADW
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894:Dn4
859:doi
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