206:
avoid the particular event. These offences may properly be called offences of strict liability." The reason for this is that the Court described a need for a class of offence that had a lower standard to convict than True Crimes but was not as harsh as
Absolute Liability offences. As opposed to the first category of offences in which the accused is presumed innocent, offences of strict liability presses a presumption of negligence on the accused. The burden of proving that the accused acted as a diligent person rests on his shoulders and must be demonstrated by preponderance of evidence.
29:
155:, hired Cherokee Disposal to dispose of the city's waste. The city built a disposal site 20 feet from a stream which, when filled by the disposal company, resulted in waste seeping into the stream. The city was charged with discharging, or permitting to be discharged, refuse into the public waterways causing pollution pursuant to section 32(1) of the Ontario
205:
and has a defence of reasonable mistake of fact (a due diligence defence). The Court stated that the due diligence defence "will be available if the accused reasonably believed in a mistaken set of facts which, if true, would render the act or omission innocent, or if he took all reasonable steps to
221:
he overall regulatory pattern adopted by the legislature, the subject matter of the legislation, the importance of the penalty and the precision of the language used will be primary considerations in determining whether the offence falls into the third
191:: Offences that require some state of mind (mens rea) as an element of the crime. These offences are usually implied by the use of language within the charge such as "knowingly", "willfully", or "intentionally".
684:
496:
979:
227:
The Court then noted that the dumping offences were of a public welfare nature and were from a provincial statute, thus, were Strict
Liability offences and do not require mens rea.
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730:
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case where the Court defines the three types of offences that exist in
Canadian criminal law and further defines the justification for "public welfare" offences.
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212:: Similar to Strict Liability, these offences do not require proof of mens rea either. However, the accused has no defences available.
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The issue before the court was whether the city's offence should be classified as strict liability or absolute liability. The
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Engracia de Jesus Matias
Archives and Special Collections
980:
Ukrainian
Catholic Eparchy of Toronto and Eastern Canada
685:
Conseil scolaire de district du Grand Nord de l'Ontario
216:
To distinguish between these types the Court examines:
246:, (1985), examined absolute liability in light of the
184:, the Court recognized three categories of offences:
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172:, which on the facts would acquit the defendant.
54:City of Sault Ste. Marie v. Her Majesty The Queen
1077:Sault Ste. Marie/Partridge Point Water Aerodrome
1072:Sault Ste. Marie International Railroad Bridge
809:Sault Ste. Marie Canal National Historic Site
695:Conseil scolaire catholique du Nouvel-Ontario
690:Huron-Superior Catholic District School Board
296:
8:
970:Roman Catholic Diocese of Sault Sainte Marie
197:: Offences that do not require the proof of
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289:
281:
791:Ermatinger Clergue National Historic Site
492:Children of Shingwauk Alumni Association
844:Whitefish Island National Historic Site
166:held that the charge required proof of
512:Ontario Lottery and Gaming Corporation
18:
1128:Politics of Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario
1067:Sault Ste. Marie International Bridge
824:Shingwauk Hall National Historic Site
7:
527:Shingwauk Residential Schools Centre
416:Sault Ste. Marie (provincial riding)
346:1903 Consolidated Lake Superior riot
336:Shingwauk Indian Residential School
781:Canadian Bushplane Heritage Centre
487:Algoma Treatment and Remand Centre
482:49th Field Artillery Regiment, RCA
14:
1087:Sault Ste. Marie Transit Services
507:Ontario Forest Research Institute
411:Sault Ste. Marie (federal riding)
1092:Sault Ste. Marie Water Aerodrome
796:Gateway Casinos Sault Ste. Marie
27:
1133:Canadian environmental case law
1052:Sault Ste. Marie Bridge Company
1034:Sault Canal Emergency Swing Dam
257:R v Wholesale Travel Group Inc
249:Charter of Rights and Freedoms
43:Hearing: October 13, 14, 1977
1:
1113:Supreme Court of Canada cases
1029:Ontario Secondary Highway 550
819:Sault Ste. Marie Walk of Fame
421:Sault Ste. Marie City Council
358:R v Sault Ste-Marie (City of)
136:R v Sault Ste-Marie (City of)
22:R v Sault Ste-Marie (City of)
680:Algoma District School Board
180:In the judgement written by
16:Supreme Court of Canada case
924:Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds
502:Great Lakes Forestry Centre
461:Sault Ste. Marie Solar Park
264:Strict liability (criminal)
164:Court of Appeal for Ontario
1154:
960:Anglican Diocese of Algoma
929:Sault Ste. Marie Marlboros
737:Sault Collegiate Institute
664:Shingwauk Kinoomaage Gamig
1138:Water pollution in Canada
1118:1978 in Canadian case law
1062:Sault Ste. Marie Heliport
875:International Bridge Walk
749:Superior Heights C&VS
720:École Notre-Dame-du-Sault
312:Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario
276:Full text from CanLII.org
153:Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario
74:
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1082:Sault Ste. Marie station
1047:Sault Ste. Marie Airport
965:Precious Blood Cathedral
522:Sault Symphony Orchestra
1123:1978 in the environment
939:Soo Curlers Association
870:Bon Soo Winter Carnival
814:Sault Ste. Marie Museum
771:Agawa Canyon Tour Train
744:Sir James Dunn C&VS
364:English-only resolution
243:Re BC Motor Vehicle Act
141:Supreme Court of Canada
35:Supreme Court of Canada
1057:Sault Ste. Marie Canal
996:Algoma Central Railway
918:Sault Memorial Gardens
1014:Huron Central Railway
834:Voyageur Hiking Trail
776:Art Gallery of Algoma
331:Robinson Huron Treaty
98:Louis-Philippe Pigeon
45:Judgment: May 1, 1978
1009:Gros Cap Reefs Light
975:St. Luke's Cathedral
900:GFL Memorial Gardens
865:Algoma Fall Festival
786:Entomica Insectarium
752:White Pines C&VS
125:Unanimous reasons by
1024:Ontario Highway 17B
725:St. Basil Secondary
517:Sault Area Hospital
466:Tenaris AlgomaTubes
351:Angelina Napolitano
157:Water Resources Act
1019:Ontario Highway 17
934:Sault Thunderbirds
906:Gouin Street Arena
849:Windsor Park Hotel
731:St. Mary's College
612:Huron Broadcasting
448:Northern Breweries
237:Absolute liability
210:Absolute Liability
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711:Bawating C&VS
704:Secondary schools
654:Algoma University
326:Mica Bay Incident
203:reasonable person
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1041:Sault Ste. Marie
944:Soo Thunderbirds
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839:Waterfront Trail
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455:St. Mary's Paper
395:Whitefish Island
341:Chicora incident
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195:Strict Liability
139:2 SCR 1299 is a
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442:Algoma Steel
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151:The city of
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764:Attractions
189:True Crimes
114:Yves Pratte
79:Bora Laskin
1107:Categories
880:Rotaryfest
546:Algoma Ink
404:Government
385:Root River
147:Background
106:Jean Beetz
65:2 SCR 1299
640:Education
373:Geography
222:category.
176:Reasoning
128:Dickson J
61:Citations
1003:Algorail
953:Religion
435:Industry
231:See also
199:mens rea
169:mens rea
803:Norgoma
602:CKCY-AM
597:CJTK-FM
592:CJQM-FM
587:CJIC-TV
582:CJIC-AM
577:CHIM-FM
572:CHBX-TV
567:CHAS-FM
562:CFYM-AM
557:CBSM-FM
552:CBON-FM
319:History
893:Sports
858:Events
260:(1991)
1039:HMCS
607:Films
537:Media
353:case
1001:MV
801:MS
1109::
159:.
112:,
108:,
104:,
100:,
96:,
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88:,
304:e
297:t
290:v
252:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
