201:
60:
417:, with an inscription showing that the end of the construction was in 1170-1171. It became a royal residence, but it was not permanent residence or that of his successors as the ruling dynasty also ruled over other such palatial centres in its territory. Byzantine intervention continued until the end of the 12th century and the Serb feudal rulers of the region were often under Byzantine suzerainty. The full independence of Serbia including Raška's region was recognized by the Byzantines in 1190 after an indecisive war between
2815:
865:, pp. 659–660:Ras had been rebuilt in the late 1160s, with new building added within ramparts, including a palatial compound (..) In short, Ras has rightly been viewed as a royal residence built by Nemanja and then used by his immediate successorts. But it was certainly not the permanent residence of the grand Zupan, for Nemanja is known to have had 'palaces' in various other parts in this realm, including Kotor.
79:
527:
293:
691:
1297:, p. 270:In 1190, after Frederick I had crossed the Bosphorus, Emperor Isaac II Angelus marched against Nemanja, defeated him on the River Morava, and forced him to make peace. The terms of the agreement suggest that the Byzantine victory had been indecisive: the emperor acknowledged Raška's independence (..)
1243:, p. 656:Shortly after his victory over the Pechenegs in 1122, Emperor John II Comnenus organized a punitive expedition against the Serbs. The exact reason for that is unknown, but it is most likely at that time that the Byzantine border fort at Ras (near Novi Pazar, in southern Serbia) was burned (Fig. 30.1)
1218:
states that in the 1080s Bodin conquered Rascia, the region where – with his help – župan Vukan and his brother Marko established their rule;13 however, the question remains whether the
Byzantine border fortress became a part of Serbia at this time. The Serbian conquest of Ras is confirmed at a later
428:
The town which had developed near the fortress of Ras and the territory which comprised its bishopric were the first significant administrative unit which Serb rulers acquired from the
Byzantine Empire. As it was made the seat of the Serbian state in Latin sources of the era Serb rulers began to be
395:
regained most of them, in 1093 Vukan "ravaged the neighbouring towns and districts. He even got as far as Lipjan, which he deliberately burnt down", but when
Alexios came close, Vukan escaped to Zvečan and started peace negotiations, and reportedly his attack on the watchtowers was a countermeasure
268:
which anachronistically calls the
Principality of Serbia as Raška). The high medieval chronicle's also give an impression that Raška wasn't considered as the central and capital part of medieval Serbia, but as a separate small domain within Serbia. In the modern sense, Raška region would be an area
320:) as a border area between Bulgaria and Serbia at the end of the 9th century. It was not mentioned among inhabited cities of early medieval Serbia, and there's no general consensus whether Ras was on the Serbian or Bulgarian side of the border, as well whether in
1321:, p. 30:The town of Ras and the territory of its bishopric was the first larger administrative unit seized by the Serbs from Byzantium. Serb rulers made it their seat, which is why Latin texts began to refer to them as the Rasciani and their state as Rascia.
324:
was meant a fortress or an area. The consideration that the
Serbian border was further to the Southeast of Ras is poorly substantiated. Newer research indicates that the principal settlement of Ras and its region in the 9th and 10th century was part of the
408:
recovered the fortress of Ras and Galič, and next year continued to successfully fight off
Serbians and Hungarians, with the Serbs swearing loyalty to the Byzantines. Somewhere in the next decades, Serbians conquered and started to fully control Ras, with
387:'s reign (1048–1118), but possibly not continuously. In the time of Alexios, Ras was one of the northern border military strongholds which was fortified. His seal which dates to the period 1081–1092 was found in 2018 near the site. It is possble that
261:
Without any evidence and support in the historical sources, the early historical region of Raška is commonly misidentified and misunderstood as a synonym for
Serbian state before the mid-12th century (influenced by semi-mythical 14th century
404:. The alliance between Hungary and the Serbian rulers remained in place and Ras was burnt again by the Serbian army in 1127–1129. Its last commander was a Kritoplos who was then punished by the Emperor for the fall of the fortress. In 1149,
399:
The
Byzantine border fort of Ras was most likely burnt c. 1120-1122 and this is probably the reason why John II Komnenos undertook a punitive campaign against the Serbs, during which many Serbs from the region of Raška were deported to
1219:
date, during the reign of John II Komnenos (1118–1143). John
Kinnamos relates the Serbian conquest and burning down of the Byzantine Ras (circa 1127–1129), which prompted the Emperor to punish Kritoplos, the commander of the fortress.
499:(mid-12th century–1217) – Since mid-12th century full Serbian control, Raška is a central province or capital region. Full independence of Serbia including Raška region from the Byzantine Empire was recognized in 1190.
1214:, p. 451:In addition to this, Anne Komnene, who gave detailed accounts of Alexios’ confl icts with the Rascian župan Vukan (1091, 1093–1094), does not mention Ras in any of her writings. On the other hand, the
1255:, p. 29: During the first war (1127–9), mostly waged around Belgrade and Branicevo and on the Hungarian side of the Danube, the Serbs conquered and burned the city of Ras, which had been under Byzantine rule.
137:. From that period the name of Raška became associated with the state of Serbia, eventually covering the south-western parts of modern Serbia, and historically also including north-eastern parts of modern
1309:, p. 779:The boundaries between their lands were still very fluid, especially those between Bulgaria and Serbia, and each was at a different stage of evolution towards political and cultural autonomy
2255:
2084:
Stojkovski, Boris (2020). "Byzantine military campaigns against
Serbian lands and Hungary in the second half of the eleventh century.". In Theotokis, Georgios; Meško, Marek (eds.).
3072:
3082:
1893:
2856:
671:
216:
204:
561:(1815–1839) founded a new town, that was also called Raška, situated at the very confluence of Raška river and Ibar, right at the border with Ottoman territory.
2248:
642:. In 1929, this administrative unit was abolished and its territory was divided among three newly formed provinces (banovinas). Within the borders of modern
59:
200:
1649:
1958:
3087:
1173:, p. 225:In the early 1090s Vukan of Raška took the title of grand (veliki) župan. His state was centered in the vicinity of modern Novi Pazar.
1590:
368:
219:. The name of the eparchy eventually started to denote the entire area under its jurisdiction and later, thus becoming the common regional name.
3112:
3067:
2877:
2241:
446:
1197:, p. 310:at the time of Vukan′s rule in Serbia, when he raided the Byzantine possessions from Zvečan, prior to 1112, Ras was in his hands.
3097:
3092:
3062:
2849:
2211:
2187:
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2139:
2095:
2049:
2028:
2007:
1919:
1882:
1729:
1708:
1684:
1548:
1527:
1485:
1461:
1437:
226:(1166–1196), the region was finally conquered by the Serbs and fortress of Ras was re-generated as the state capital, and as such it became
1936:
Catalogue of Byzantine Seals at Dumbarton Oaks and in the Fogg Museum of Art, Volume 1: Italy, North of the Balkans, North of the Black Sea
1282:, p. 30:(..) allowing Emperor Manuel I Comnenus (1143–80) to concentrate his main forces on him. Ras once again was in Byzantine hands
3057:
2074:
1983:
1944:
1638:
1614:
1576:
264:
3019:
3014:
2842:
2439:
1185:, p. 268:Vukan assumed the title grand župan and established his capital at the fortress of Ras after which Raška was named.
1137:
support the opinion that the Byzantine Empire held dominant (but perhaps not continuous) control over Ras during Alexios' reign
2064:
1566:
3077:
433:
and their state as Rascia. The name was used among Hungarians and Germans up until the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
383:
beyond which was Serbia. Recent archaeological research supports the notion that the Byzantines held control of Ras during
715:
667:
388:
158:
2927:
2901:
502:
474:
301:
231:
134:
130:
190:
493:(1120s–1240s) – Serbian forces burnt down Ras in 1127, but Byzantines renovated it and reestablished control by 1149.
615:
In 1912, central parts of the historical Raška region were liberated from the Ottoman rule, and divided between the
3107:
2983:
2640:
573:
496:
490:
1586:
2865:
2265:
1624:
1600:
836:
721:
425:. However, the Bulgarian-Serbian border in the late 12th and early 13th century probably was still "very fluid".
106:
20:
2311:
666:
Some of the churches in western Serbia and eastern Bosnia were built by masters from Raška, who belonged to the
646:, post mid-12th century historical Raška region covers (approximately) the territorial span of three districts:
2944:
1660:
577:
392:
309:
185:
3024:
2978:
1419:
3102:
1993:
733:
598:
27:
1740:
554:
462:
450:
326:
142:
2774:
2739:
2444:
2779:
2645:
2107:"Political Developments and Unrests in Stara Raška (Old Rascia) and Old Herzegovina during Ottoman Rule"
631:
620:
505:(1217–1345) – Raška is one of main provinces, or crownlands, but gradually has lower status than before.
2508:
2386:
2370:
2306:
2300:
558:
459:(c 971–976/1016–1127) – Raška denotes the central part of the catepanate (Byzantine frontier province).
414:
2566:
3029:
2687:
2546:
2480:
2349:
2344:
2316:
2197:
2173:
356:
1054:"Reocupation of the Late Antique Fortifications on the central Balkans during the Early Middle Ages"
3009:
2754:
2703:
2597:
2486:
2338:
1930:
699:
2713:
1630:
The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest
1471:
1447:
972:
2376:
1954:
384:
125:. Initially a small borderline district between early medieval Serbia and Bulgaria (city/area of
2551:
2460:
824:
376:
364:
2814:
2577:
1799:
819:
3034:
2938:
2784:
2698:
2634:
2623:
2455:
2433:
2354:
2207:
2183:
2179:Јужни Словени под византијском влашћу 600–1025 (South Slavs under the Byzantine Rule 600–1025)
2159:
2135:
2091:
2070:
2045:
2024:
2003:
1979:
1940:
1915:
1878:
1725:
1704:
1680:
1634:
1610:
1572:
1544:
1523:
1481:
1457:
1433:
770:
762:
655:
651:
647:
627:
616:
530:
514:
482:
456:
405:
341:
194:
47:
814:
694:
Center of the Raška region (in the most narrow sense), in southwestern parts of modern Serbia
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2114:
2060:
1857:
1845:
1829:
1809:
1795:
1779:
1759:
1562:
787:
675:
589:
581:
542:
541:
In 1833, some northern parts of the historical Raška region, up to the confluence of rivers
468:
418:
2534:
1537:
Dimnik, Martin (1995). "Kievan Rus', the Bulgars and the southern Slavs, c. 1020-c. 1200".
798:
638:. In 1922, a new administrative unit known as the Raška Oblast was formed with its seat in
3004:
2665:
2655:
2421:
2106:
1905:
1849:
1813:
1558:
2708:
2834:
1874:
The Byzantine Province in Change: On the Threshold Between the 10th and the 11th Century
1606:
The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century
2959:
2682:
2529:
2381:
2295:
1673:
1502:
569:
550:
508:
422:
410:
251:
235:
223:
212:
114:
2002:. Belgrade: Nova, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Institute for Balkan Studies.
1914:(2nd revised ed.). Washington D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies.
3051:
2729:
2671:
2628:
2519:
2332:
1694:
742:
679:
2764:
2427:
2364:
2149:
1513:
1497:
546:
2602:
1659:(in Serbian). Vol. 39, no. 33. Београд. pp. 113–132. Archived from
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have temporarily taken Ras and other watchtowers in the early 1090s, but although
2233:
2201:
2177:
2153:
2129:
2085:
2039:
2018:
1997:
1934:
1909:
1872:
1783:
1763:
1719:
1698:
1628:
1604:
1538:
1517:
1475:
1451:
1423:
979:
2734:
2650:
2617:
2592:
2572:
2496:
2041:
Byzantium's Balkan Frontier: A Political Study of the Northern Balkans, 900–1204
754:
639:
565:
334:
564:
In 1878, some southwestern parts of the historical Raška region, around modern
2724:
2677:
2587:
2280:
841:
746:
710:
635:
609:
401:
270:
146:
138:
442:
317:
297:
287:
227:
176:
164:
126:
94:
2759:
2556:
776:
330:
1543:. Vol. 4/2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 254–276.
690:
2804:
2799:
2607:
2582:
2561:
2502:
2491:
2465:
2450:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2285:
2119:
1862:
808:
803:
782:
766:
750:
372:
345:
246:) as a designation for the Serbian state was made in a charter issued in
163:
The name is derived from the name of the region's most important fort of
2794:
2749:
2744:
2612:
2524:
2475:
2359:
2321:
792:
348:
recaptured it in 1018, and by 1032 overall commander of the region was
1032:
1030:
1028:
526:
292:
2913:
2886:
2825:
2719:
2540:
2416:
2327:
2269:
1561:(2008). "Balkan power: Albania, Serbia and Bulgaria (1200–1300)". In
1058:
Fortifications, Defence Systems, Structures, and Features in the Past
758:
738:
643:
623:, with eponymous medieval fortress of Stari Ras belonging to Serbia.
534:
478:
360:
122:
84:
1969:
1053:
471:(1016/18–1149) – Parts of the region remained Byzantine until 1149.
2789:
2693:
2514:
2290:
1939:. Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection.
525:
291:
247:
199:
608:). In the 19th century the region also became part of the wider "
359:, as part of a defensive line of Byzantine watchtowers alongside
145:, and its southern part also corresponds to the modern region of
2470:
396:
against their commanders who ravaged Serbian eastern frontiers.
379:
north of Ras, watching to the west over a "no-man's-land" named
2838:
2237:
2228:
2059:
Stephenson, Paul (2008). "Balkan borderlands (1018–1204)". In
1798:(1995). "Rascia – The Nucleus of the Medieval Serbian State".
211:
In the same time, Ras became the seat of the Eastern Orthodox
2203:
Forging unity: The South Slavs between East and West 550–1150
1595:. Vol. 2. Београд: Византолошки институт. pp. 1–98.
517:(15th century) – Raška is conquered by the Ottomans c. 1455.
344:
was established, but in 976 Bulgarian control was restored.
2105:Šćekić, Radenko; Leković, Žarko; Premović, Marijan (2015).
445:(mid 9th-mid 10th century) – Ras is borderland between the
1060:. Zagreb: Institute of Archaeology. pp. 118–120, 122.
949:
947:
945:
943:
2066:
The Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire c.500-1492
1568:
The Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire c.500-1492
183:
became common name for the fort, as attested by the work
1978:] (in Serbian). Belgrade: Archaeological Institute.
1003:
1001:
999:
2182:. Београд: Историјски институт САНУ, Службени гласник.
511:(1345–1371) – Raška is one of the main inner provinces.
129:), since the mid-12th century became the center of the
1764:"Назив Рашка у старијој српској историји (IX-XII век)"
1724:. Belgrade: Idea, Vojnoizdavački zavod, Markt system.
269:
situated in the southwestern modern Serbia (including
26:"Rascia (region)" redirects here. For other uses, see
2206:. Belgrade: The Institute of History, Čigoja štampa.
1911:
Constantine Porphyrogenitus: De Administrando Imperio
1633:. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press.
603:
1211:
1130:
1036:
481:
control expanded in the Ras borderland region under
167:, which first appears in the 6th century sources as
1804:. Belgrade: Faculty of Geography. pp. 147–155.
1133:, p. 451–452:Recently found seals on the site
90:
72:
38:
1850:"The First Coronation Churches of Medieval Serbia"
1672:
1501:
1158:
922:
1960:Византијски извори за историју народа Југославије
2069:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 664–691.
1894:"Raška oblast u Jugoslovenskoj državi 1918–1941"
1739:Ivanišević, Vujadin; Krsmanović, Bojana (2013).
1592:Византиски извори за историју народа Југославије
1571:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 779–802.
1504:Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250
1207:
1205:
1203:
453:, but probably as a Bulgarian frontier district.
1275:
1273:
141:, and some of the most eastern parts of modern
1963:. Vol. 3. Београд: Византолошки институт.
207:, in the center of the historical Raška region
2850:
2249:
1877:. Belgrade: Institute for Byzantine Studies.
1675:The Balkans: From Constantinople to Communism
580:(1860–1918) decided to name the newly formed
121:) is a geographical and historical region of
8:
1519:Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages (500-1300)
1432:] (in French). Lausanne: L'Age d'Homme.
1290:
1288:
234:. The first attested use of the term Raška (
1650:"Etnički sastav stanovništva Raške oblasti"
1609:. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
1402:
966:
964:
962:
630:was one of the administrative units of the
2857:
2843:
2835:
2256:
2242:
2234:
2155:The Making of Orthodox Byzantium, 600–1025
1264:
1228:
1146:
1118:
1106:
1094:
1082:
672:Church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul
217:Church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul
205:Church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul
193:, and also by the Byzantine seal of John,
35:
3083:Subdivisions of Serbia in the Middle Ages
2118:
2023:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1861:
1390:
1366:
1342:
1306:
1047:
1045:
974:Gde se nalazila Srbija od VII do XII veka
910:
898:
874:
413:in celebration building the monastery of
3073:Geography of Šumadija and Western Serbia
1900:. Vol. VIII, no. 1/2. Beograd.
1508:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1378:
1354:
1330:
1318:
1279:
1252:
1194:
934:
689:
576:. In order to mark the occasion, prince
557:. In order to mark the occasion, prince
1741:"Byzantine Seals from the Ras Fortress"
1589:(1959). "Константин VII Порфирогенит".
1070:
1022:, p. 37–38, 155–161, 297–298, 400.
1019:
1007:
990:
977:. Narodna knjiga i Istorijski institut.
858:
856:
852:
447:Principality of Serbia (early medieval)
171:, recorded under that name in the work
89:
71:
53:
2229:Tourist Information About Raška region
2131:Ioannis Scylitzae Synopsis historiarum
1818:Зборник радова Византолошког института
1788:Зборник радова Византолошког института
1748:Зборник радова Византолошког института
1294:
1182:
2866:Serbian medieval states and lordships
2020:The Legend of Basil the Bulgar-Slayer
1240:
953:
886:
862:
732:
632:Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
7:
1170:
300:fortress, one of the centers of the
1801:The Serbian Question in the Balkans
477:(1080–1112) – Uncertain if Serbian/
179:. By the 10th century, the variant
1540:The New Cambridge Medieval History
14:
2087:War in Eleventh-Century Byzantium
1814:"Рашка краљевина: Regnum Rasciae"
674:in Stari Ras, and monasteries of
265:Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja
2813:
1718:Janićijević, Jovan, ed. (1998).
1703:. Edgware: Porthill Publishers.
1480:. Malden: Blackwell Publishing.
1456:. Malden: Blackwell Publishing.
1212:Ivanišević & Krsmanović 2013
1131:Ivanišević & Krsmanović 2013
1037:Ivanišević & Krsmanović 2013
77:
58:
3088:Serbia in the Early Middle Ages
2134:. Berlin-New York: De Gruyter.
1957:; Баришић, Фрањо, eds. (1966).
1721:The Cultural Treasury of Serbia
572:rule and incorporated into the
553:rule and incorporated into the
3113:Medieval history of Montenegro
3068:Geographical regions of Serbia
3020:Domain of the Vojinović family
3015:Domain of the Dejanović family
2824:(*) indicates location within
2044:. Cambridge University Press.
1999:Serbs in European Civilization
1996:; Duškov, Milan, eds. (1993).
1700:The History of Serbian Culture
1159:Острогорски & Баришић 1966
923:Nesbitt & Oikonomides 1991
725:
329:. Bulgarian borderline was at
110:
1:
1768:Зборник Филозофског факултета
1430:History of the Serbian People
586:Eparchy of Zahumlje and Raška
389:Vukan, Grand Prince of Serbia
159:Names of Serbia and the Serbs
3098:Kingdom of Serbia (medieval)
3093:Grand Principality of Serbia
3063:Historical regions in Serbia
2902:Grand Principality of Serbia
1671:Hupchick, Dennis P. (2002).
1522:. Leiden and Boston: Brill.
1109:, p. 125, 148–150, 155.
475:Grand Principality of Duklja
333:plateau and to the north at
302:Grand Principality of Serbia
232:Grand Principality of Serbia
131:Grand Principality of Serbia
1892:Petrović, Milić F. (2007).
1871:Krsmanović, Bojana (2008).
604:
191:Constantine Porphyrogenitus
33:Historical region in Serbia
16:Historical region of Serbia
3129:
3058:Medieval history of Serbia
2158:. Basingstoke: Macmillan.
2038:Stephenson, Paul (2004) .
1648:Gigović, Ljubomir (2008).
1052:Špehar, Perica N. (2019).
737:, "Old Vlach") is part of
697:
668:Raška architectural school
612:" historiographical term.
574:Principality of Montenegro
568:, were liberated from the
497:Serbian Grand Principality
491:Serbian Grand Principality
285:
156:
25:
18:
2992:
2954:
2922:
2896:
2872:
2822:
2811:
2276:
2128:Thurn, Hans, ed. (1973).
2017:Stephenson, Paul (2003).
971:Novaković, Relja (1981).
837:List of regions of Serbia
593:
549:, were detached from the
54:
45:
2945:Realm of Stefan Dragutin
1425:Histoire du peuple serbe
310:De Administrando Imperio
186:De Administrando Imperio
2984:Domain of Jovan Uglješa
1968:Popović, Marko (1999).
1832:(2010). "Стара Рашка".
761:, which is part of the
626:Between 1918 and 1922,
605:Eparhija zahumsko-raška
594:Епархија захумско-рашка
175:of Byzantine historian
2878:Principality of Serbia
1679:. New York: Palgrave.
695:
555:Principality of Serbia
538:
463:First Bulgarian Empire
451:First Bulgarian Empire
340:In 971, the Byzantine
327:First Bulgarian Empire
305:
304:since mid-12th century
239:
208:
143:Bosnia and Herzegovina
118:
2979:Domain of Simeon Uroš
2905:(11th-12th centuries)
1955:Острогорски, Георгије
734:[stâːriːvlâx]
693:
621:Kingdom of Montenegro
529:
295:
286:Further information:
203:
157:Further information:
3030:Principality of Zeta
2881:(7th-10th centuries)
2120:10.2298/BALC1546079S
1931:Oikonomides, Nicolas
1863:10.2298/BALC1748007K
1625:Fine, John V. A. Jr.
1601:Fine, John V. A. Jr.
1216:Chronicle of Dioclea
578:Nikola of Montenegro
357:Constantine Diogenes
250:in 1186, mentioning
19:For other uses, see
3010:Realm of King Marko
2740:Šumadijska Kolubara
2704:Southern Pomoravlje
2434:Kosovsko Pomoravlje
2312:Deliblatska Peščara
1976:The Fortress of Ras
1420:Bataković, Dušan T.
1135:The Fortress of Ras
769:, which is part of
700:Geography of Serbia
3078:History of Sandžak
2780:Valjevska Kolubara
2301:Binačko Pomoravlje
1994:Samardžić, Radovan
1784:"Прокопијева Арса"
1587:Ферјанчић, Божидар
1267:, p. 224–225.
1231:, p. 148–150.
1161:, p. 385-388.
956:, p. 147–155.
925:, p. 100-101.
696:
634:. Its seat was in
539:
385:Alexios I Komnenos
306:
215:, centered in the
209:
3108:Serbian Despotate
3043:
3042:
3035:Serbian Despotate
2832:
2831:
2699:Skopska Crna Gora
2635:Prizrenski Podgor
2509:Metohijski Podgor
2213:978-86-7558-573-2
2189:978-86-7743-027-6
2165:978-1-349-24765-3
2141:978-3-11-002285-8
2097:978-0-429-57477-1
2061:Shepard, Jonathan
2051:978-0-521-77017-0
2030:978-0-521-81530-7
2009:978-86-7583-015-3
1921:978-0-88402-021-9
1884:978-960-371-060-8
1731:978-86-7547-039-7
1710:978-1-870732-31-4
1686:978-0-312-21736-5
1563:Shepard, Jonathan
1550:978-0-521-41411-1
1529:978-90-04-39519-0
1487:978-1-4051-4291-5
1463:978-1-4051-4291-5
1439:978-2-8251-1958-7
771:Moravica District
763:Zlatibor District
617:Kingdom of Serbia
602:
515:Serbian Despotate
483:Constantine Bodin
457:Catepanate of Ras
406:Manuel I Comnenus
375:south of Ras and
342:Catepanate of Ras
308:The 10th century
100:
99:
48:Historical region
3120:
2997:Late Middle Ages
2937:Maritime lands:
2859:
2852:
2845:
2836:
2817:
2775:Užička Crna Gora
2258:
2251:
2244:
2235:
2217:
2193:
2169:
2145:
2124:
2122:
2101:
2080:
2055:
2034:
2013:
1989:
1964:
1950:
1925:
1906:Moravcsik, Gyula
1901:
1888:
1867:
1865:
1841:
1825:
1805:
1791:
1775:
1755:
1745:
1735:
1714:
1690:
1678:
1667:
1665:
1654:
1644:
1620:
1596:
1582:
1559:Ducellier, Alain
1554:
1533:
1509:
1507:
1491:
1467:
1443:
1406:
1403:Janićijević 1998
1400:
1394:
1388:
1382:
1376:
1370:
1364:
1358:
1352:
1346:
1340:
1334:
1328:
1322:
1316:
1310:
1304:
1298:
1292:
1283:
1277:
1268:
1262:
1256:
1250:
1244:
1238:
1232:
1226:
1220:
1209:
1198:
1192:
1186:
1180:
1174:
1168:
1162:
1156:
1150:
1144:
1138:
1128:
1122:
1116:
1110:
1104:
1098:
1092:
1086:
1080:
1074:
1068:
1062:
1061:
1049:
1040:
1034:
1023:
1017:
1011:
1005:
994:
993:, p. 38–41.
988:
982:
978:
968:
957:
951:
938:
932:
926:
920:
914:
908:
902:
896:
890:
884:
878:
872:
866:
860:
736:
731:
727:
722:Serbian Cyrillic
719:
670:. They include:
607:
597:
595:
582:Eastern Orthodox
469:Byzantine Empire
419:Isaac II Angelos
254:as the ruler of
112:
107:Serbian Cyrillic
83:
81:
80:
62:
36:
3128:
3127:
3123:
3122:
3121:
3119:
3118:
3117:
3048:
3047:
3044:
3039:
3005:Moravian Serbia
2988:
2950:
2949:
2928:Serbian Kingdom
2918:
2910:Maritime lands:
2892:
2891:
2868:
2863:
2833:
2828:
2818:
2809:
2365:Ibarski Kolašin
2272:
2262:
2225:
2220:
2214:
2198:Živković, Tibor
2196:
2190:
2174:Живковић, Тибор
2172:
2166:
2148:
2142:
2127:
2104:
2098:
2083:
2077:
2058:
2052:
2037:
2031:
2016:
2010:
1992:
1986:
1967:
1953:
1947:
1933:, eds. (1991).
1929:Nesbitt, John;
1928:
1922:
1908:, ed. (1967) .
1904:
1891:
1885:
1870:
1844:
1828:
1808:
1794:
1778:
1758:
1743:
1738:
1732:
1717:
1711:
1693:
1687:
1670:
1663:
1652:
1647:
1641:
1623:
1617:
1599:
1585:
1579:
1557:
1551:
1536:
1530:
1512:
1496:
1488:
1470:
1464:
1446:
1440:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1401:
1397:
1389:
1385:
1377:
1373:
1365:
1361:
1353:
1349:
1341:
1337:
1329:
1325:
1317:
1313:
1305:
1301:
1293:
1286:
1278:
1271:
1265:Stephenson 2004
1263:
1259:
1251:
1247:
1239:
1235:
1229:Stephenson 2004
1227:
1223:
1210:
1201:
1193:
1189:
1181:
1177:
1169:
1165:
1157:
1153:
1147:Stojkovski 2020
1145:
1141:
1129:
1125:
1119:Stephenson 2008
1117:
1113:
1107:Stephenson 2004
1105:
1101:
1095:Stephenson 2008
1093:
1089:
1083:Stephenson 2004
1081:
1077:
1069:
1065:
1051:
1050:
1043:
1035:
1026:
1018:
1014:
1006:
997:
989:
985:
970:
969:
960:
952:
941:
933:
929:
921:
917:
909:
905:
897:
893:
889:, p. 9-17.
885:
881:
873:
869:
861:
854:
850:
833:
825:Ibarski Kolašin
729:
713:
707:
702:
688:
664:
584:diocese as the
559:Miloš Obrenović
524:
503:Serbian Kingdom
439:
415:Đurđevi stupovi
381:Zygos mountains
290:
284:
279:
195:governor of Ras
161:
155:
135:Serbian Kingdom
78:
76:
68:
67:
66:
65:
50:
41:
34:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3126:
3124:
3116:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3103:Serbian Empire
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3050:
3049:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2965:
2964:
2960:Serbian Empire
2955:
2952:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2941:
2934:
2933:
2923:
2920:
2919:
2917:
2916:
2911:
2907:
2906:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2883:
2882:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2864:
2862:
2861:
2854:
2847:
2839:
2830:
2829:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2812:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2688:Sirinićka župa
2685:
2680:
2675:
2669:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2632:
2626:
2624:Preševo Valley
2621:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2547:Pančevački Rit
2544:
2538:
2532:
2530:Negotin Valley
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2506:
2500:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2442:
2437:
2431:
2425:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2368:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2336:
2330:
2325:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2263:
2261:
2260:
2253:
2246:
2238:
2232:
2231:
2224:
2223:External links
2221:
2219:
2218:
2212:
2194:
2188:
2170:
2164:
2146:
2140:
2125:
2113:(46): 79–106.
2102:
2096:
2081:
2075:
2056:
2050:
2035:
2029:
2014:
2008:
1990:
1984:
1965:
1951:
1945:
1926:
1920:
1902:
1889:
1883:
1868:
1846:Kalić, Jovanka
1842:
1840:(15): 105–114.
1830:Калић, Јованка
1826:
1810:Калић, Јованка
1806:
1796:Kalić, Jovanka
1792:
1790:. 27–28: 9–17.
1780:Kalić, Jovanka
1776:
1760:Kalić, Jovanka
1756:
1736:
1730:
1715:
1709:
1697:, ed. (1995).
1691:
1685:
1668:
1666:on 2014-05-06.
1645:
1639:
1621:
1615:
1597:
1583:
1577:
1555:
1549:
1534:
1528:
1510:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1486:
1472:Ćirković, Sima
1462:
1448:Ćirković, Sima
1444:
1438:
1422:, ed. (2005).
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1407:
1405:, p. 147.
1395:
1393:, p. 243.
1391:Bataković 2005
1383:
1381:, p. 245.
1371:
1369:, p. 222.
1367:Bataković 2005
1359:
1357:, p. 227.
1347:
1345:, p. 210.
1343:Bataković 2005
1335:
1333:, p. 192.
1323:
1311:
1307:Ducellier 2008
1299:
1284:
1269:
1257:
1245:
1233:
1221:
1199:
1187:
1175:
1163:
1151:
1149:, p. 153.
1139:
1123:
1121:, p. 668.
1111:
1099:
1097:, p. 667.
1087:
1075:
1073:, p. 298.
1063:
1041:
1039:, p. 450.
1024:
1012:
995:
983:
958:
939:
927:
915:
911:Moravcsik 1967
903:
899:Ферјанчић 1959
891:
879:
875:Bataković 2005
867:
851:
849:
846:
845:
844:
839:
832:
829:
828:
827:
822:
817:
812:
806:
801:
796:
790:
785:
779:
774:
706:
703:
687:
684:
663:
660:
628:Raška District
531:Raška District
523:
520:
519:
518:
512:
509:Serbian Empire
506:
500:
494:
488:
487:
486:
466:
460:
454:
438:
435:
423:Stefan Nemanja
411:Stefan Nemanja
283:
280:
278:
275:
273:, see below).
252:Stefan Nemanja
224:Stefan Nemanja
213:Eparchy of Ras
197:(c. 971–976).
154:
151:
98:
97:
92:
88:
87:
74:
70:
69:
63:
57:
56:
55:
52:
51:
46:
43:
42:
39:
32:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3125:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3046:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2991:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2969:Serbian lands
2967:
2966:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2956:
2953:
2946:
2943:Hinterlands:
2942:
2940:
2936:
2935:
2931:
2929:
2925:
2924:
2921:
2915:
2912:
2909:
2908:
2904:
2903:
2899:
2898:
2895:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2880:
2879:
2875:
2874:
2871:
2867:
2860:
2855:
2853:
2848:
2846:
2841:
2840:
2837:
2827:
2821:
2816:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2714:Sredačka župa
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2629:Prizenski Has
2627:
2625:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2520:Morava Valley
2518:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2345:Gornje Livade
2343:
2340:
2339:Gornja Morava
2337:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2278:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2264:Geographical
2259:
2254:
2252:
2247:
2245:
2240:
2239:
2236:
2230:
2227:
2226:
2222:
2215:
2209:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2185:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2161:
2157:
2156:
2151:
2150:Whittow, Mark
2147:
2143:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2103:
2099:
2093:
2090:. Routledge.
2089:
2088:
2082:
2078:
2076:9780521832311
2072:
2068:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2053:
2047:
2043:
2042:
2036:
2032:
2026:
2022:
2021:
2015:
2011:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1985:9788680093147
1981:
1977:
1973:
1972:
1966:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1946:0-88402-194-7
1942:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1923:
1917:
1913:
1912:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1898:Časopis Arhiv
1895:
1890:
1886:
1880:
1876:
1875:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1754:(1): 449–460.
1753:
1749:
1742:
1737:
1733:
1727:
1723:
1722:
1716:
1712:
1706:
1702:
1701:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1682:
1677:
1676:
1669:
1662:
1658:
1651:
1646:
1642:
1640:0-472-08260-4
1636:
1632:
1631:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1616:0-472-08149-7
1612:
1608:
1607:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1593:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1578:9780521832311
1574:
1570:
1569:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1535:
1531:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1514:Curta, Florin
1511:
1506:
1505:
1499:
1498:Curta, Florin
1495:
1489:
1483:
1479:
1478:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1404:
1399:
1396:
1392:
1387:
1384:
1380:
1379:Ćirković 2004
1375:
1372:
1368:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1355:Ćirković 2004
1351:
1348:
1344:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1331:Ćirković 2004
1327:
1324:
1320:
1319:Ćirković 2008
1315:
1312:
1308:
1303:
1300:
1296:
1291:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1280:Ćirković 2008
1276:
1274:
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1253:Ćirković 2008
1249:
1246:
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1237:
1234:
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1213:
1208:
1206:
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1196:
1195:Živković 2008
1191:
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1120:
1115:
1112:
1108:
1103:
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1096:
1091:
1088:
1085:, p. 66.
1084:
1079:
1076:
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1067:
1064:
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1055:
1048:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1016:
1013:
1010:, p. 37.
1009:
1004:
1002:
1000:
996:
992:
987:
984:
981:
976:
975:
967:
965:
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959:
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948:
946:
944:
940:
937:, p. 29.
936:
935:Ćirković 2004
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723:
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712:
709:
708:
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685:
683:
681:
680:Stara Pavlica
677:
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465:(976–1016/18)
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296:Ruins of the
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230:name for the
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189:, written by
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61:
49:
44:
37:
29:
22:
3045:
2996:
2973:
2968:
2958:
2926:
2900:
2876:
2765:Timok Valley
2709:Spačva basin
2660:
2428:Kosovo field
2202:
2178:
2154:
2130:
2110:
2086:
2065:
2040:
2019:
1998:
1975:
1970:
1959:
1935:
1910:
1897:
1873:
1856:(48): 7–18.
1853:
1837:
1833:
1821:
1817:
1800:
1787:
1771:
1767:
1751:
1747:
1720:
1699:
1674:
1661:the original
1656:
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1102:
1090:
1078:
1071:Popović 1999
1066:
1057:
1020:Popović 1999
1015:
1008:Popović 1999
991:Popović 1999
986:
980:Google Books
973:
930:
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665:
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210:
184:
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172:
168:
162:
102:
101:
64:Coat of arms
2999:(1371-1537)
2974:Greek lands
2963:(1346-1371)
2932:(1217-1346)
2618:Prekoruplje
2497:Malo Kosovo
2350:Gornji Breg
1971:Tvrđava Ras
1774:(1): 79–92.
1695:Ivić, Pavle
1295:Dimnik 1995
1183:Dimnik 1995
788:Raška River
714: [
705:Sub-regions
566:Andrijevica
282:Middle Ages
133:and of the
91:Main center
3052:Categories
3025:Vuk's land
2785:Veliki Rit
2725:Stari Vlah
2646:Ravna Gora
2641:Pusta Reka
2598:Pomoravlje
2588:Podunavlje
2445:Kriva Reka
2281:Azbukovica
1824:: 183–189.
1241:Curta 2019
954:Kalić 1995
887:Kalić 1989
863:Curta 2019
848:References
747:Prijepolje
743:Nova Varoš
730:pronounced
726:Стари Влах
711:Stari Vlah
698:See also:
636:Novi Pazar
610:Old Serbia
533:in modern
402:Asia Minor
393:John Ducas
271:Stari Vlah
139:Montenegro
2603:Pomorišje
2578:Podrimlje
2440:Kozjačija
2377:Jablanica
2307:Braničevo
2111:Balcanica
1854:Balcanica
1834:Глас САНУ
1627:(1994) .
1603:(1991) .
1477:The Serbs
1453:The Serbs
1171:Fine 1991
820:Dragačevo
686:Geography
599:romanized
443:Stari Ras
350:strategoi
318:Stari Ras
312:mentions
288:Stari Ras
228:eponymous
177:Procopius
95:Stari Ras
2805:Zlatibor
2800:Zaglavak
2735:Šumadija
2683:Šajkaška
2651:Rađevina
2608:Posavina
2593:Polimlje
2583:Podrinje
2573:Podlužje
2562:Pocerina
2503:Metohija
2456:Lepenica
2412:Kosanica
2407:Kopaonik
2402:Komarani
2397:Kolubara
2387:Jasenica
2371:Izmornik
2200:(2008).
2176:(2002).
2152:(1996).
1848:(2017).
1812:(2004).
1782:(1989).
1762:(1979).
1516:(2019).
1500:(2006).
1474:(2008).
1450:(2004).
831:See also
809:Pljevlja
804:Zlatibor
783:Podrinje
767:Ivanjica
755:Čajetina
656:Moravica
652:Zlatibor
619:and the
479:Dioclean
449:and the
437:Timeline
431:Rasciani
346:Basil II
2795:Vlasina
2770:Toplica
2755:Telečka
2750:Tamnava
2745:Svrljig
2678:Sandžak
2613:Potisje
2567:Podgora
2525:Moravac
2487:Lužnica
2476:Lugomir
2461:Lešnica
2360:Homolje
2322:Drenica
2266:regions
2063:(ed.).
1565:(ed.).
1412:Sources
842:Sandžak
815:Nadibar
793:Sjenica
662:Culture
601::
590:Serbian
570:Ottoman
551:Ottoman
377:Brvenik
277:History
147:Sandžak
73:Country
2914:Duklja
2887:Duklja
2826:Kosovo
2760:Temnić
2694:Šopluk
2672:Rugovo
2656:Rasina
2557:Pešter
2552:Pčinja
2541:Opolje
2481:Lugovi
2422:Kosovo
2417:Kosmaj
2328:Goljak
2317:Dobrič
2296:Belica
2270:Serbia
2210:
2186:
2162:
2138:
2094:
2073:
2048:
2027:
2006:
1982:
1943:
1918:
1881:
1728:
1707:
1683:
1657:Globus
1637:
1613:
1575:
1547:
1526:
1484:
1460:
1436:
781:South
777:Pešter
765:, and
759:Arilje
757:, and
739:Priboj
676:Gradac
644:Serbia
535:Serbia
522:Modern
429:named
365:Zvečan
361:Lipjan
354:doukes
331:Pešter
256:Rascia
244:Rassia
240:Rascia
222:Under
123:Serbia
119:Rascia
85:Serbia
82:
28:Rascia
2790:Visok
2661:Raška
2535:Obica
2515:Mlava
2492:Mačva
2466:Levač
2451:Kučaj
2392:Kačer
2382:Jadar
2355:Gruža
2291:Banat
2286:Bačka
1974:[
1744:(PDF)
1664:(PDF)
1653:(PDF)
1428:[
811:Field
799:Rujno
795:Field
751:Užice
718:]
648:Raška
640:Čačak
543:Raška
373:Jeleč
369:Galič
335:Čačak
248:Kotor
236:Latin
115:Latin
111:Рашка
103:Raška
40:Raška
21:Raška
2939:Zeta
2730:Stig
2720:Srem
2666:Reka
2471:Ljig
2333:Gora
2208:ISBN
2184:ISBN
2160:ISBN
2136:ISBN
2092:ISBN
2071:ISBN
2046:ISBN
2025:ISBN
2004:ISBN
1980:ISBN
1941:ISBN
1916:ISBN
1879:ISBN
1726:ISBN
1705:ISBN
1681:ISBN
1635:ISBN
1611:ISBN
1573:ISBN
1545:ISBN
1524:ISBN
1482:ISBN
1458:ISBN
1434:ISBN
678:and
654:and
547:Ibar
545:and
421:and
352:and
314:Rasa
169:Arsa
153:Name
2268:of
2115:doi
1858:doi
1838:414
322:DAI
298:Ras
242:or
181:Ras
165:Ras
127:Ras
3054::
2109:.
1896:.
1852:.
1836:.
1822:41
1820:.
1816:.
1786:.
1772:14
1770:.
1766:.
1752:50
1750:.
1746:.
1655:.
1287:^
1272:^
1202:^
1056:.
1044:^
1027:^
998:^
961:^
942:^
855:^
753:,
749:,
745:,
741:,
728:,
724::
716:sr
682:.
658:.
650:,
596:,
592::
371:,
367:,
363:,
337:.
258:.
238::
149:.
117::
113:;
109::
2930:'
2858:e
2851:t
2844:v
2716:*
2690:*
2674:*
2668:*
2637:*
2631:*
2620:*
2569:*
2543:*
2537:*
2511:*
2505:*
2499:*
2483:*
2447:*
2436:*
2430:*
2424:*
2373:*
2367:*
2341:*
2335:*
2324:*
2303:*
2257:e
2250:t
2243:v
2216:.
2192:.
2168:.
2144:.
2123:.
2117::
2100:.
2079:.
2054:.
2033:.
2012:.
1988:.
1949:.
1924:.
1887:.
1866:.
1860::
1734:.
1713:.
1689:.
1643:.
1619:.
1581:.
1553:.
1532:.
1490:.
1466:.
1442:.
913:.
901:.
877:.
773:.
720:(
588:(
537:.
485:.
316:(
105:(
30:.
23:.
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