642:, the Druse leader, he had no militia. While his public statements were often in the florid style common among Arab politicians, he was a skillful practitioner of the intricacies of Lebanese politics. He repeatedly strove to remain as leader of the Government until he decided it was useless to carry on amid the turmoil and violence of Lebanese politics. While he was fluent in French and had a good command of English, he was always accompanied by an interpreter in interviews with foreign correspondents, because he insisted on speaking Arabic. He was celebrated for being a Statesman with courtly manners, soft-spokenness and taste in clothes. He was often described in the Lebanese press as
842:
1708:
1828:
659:
686:. In 1976, Karami helped broker an agreement to provide for equal parliamentary representation of Christians and Muslims, but this agreement was never implemented. One concession that was made by Christian politicians was to allow legislation signed by the President to be countersigned by the Prime Minister, from 1974 onward, giving the Prime Minister (always a Sunni Muslim) an effective veto.
53:
857:
helicopter en route to Beirut. The bomb weighed about 300 gm. Its remote control trigger had a range of 10 km. It was fixed to the back of his seat and exploded shortly after taking off from an army airfield while flying from
Tripoli to Beirut. Karami was the only one killed in the blast.
770:
The Civil war erupted in
Lebanon in April 1975. Multiple factions were involved and the political and military situation was extremely complex, but broadly speaking, the civil war was fought mainly between right-wing, mainly Christian militias (the most prominent of which was the
830:, which had been drafted with minimal Sunni Muslim participation. This opposition created a tense relationship with President Amine Gemayel. Continuing problems led Karami to resign on 4 May 1987, but Gemayel, seeing no viable alternative, refused to accept his resignation.
682:, causing major ripples in the social fabric of the country. He attempted, without success, to gain greater representation for Muslims in the National Assembly, where they were allocated 45 percent of the seats, a figure that was not adjusted to take account of changing
633:
What made the lawyer from the northern port city of
Tripoli so often the man of the hour was a talent for leading the opposition without burning his bridges with the Lebanese president. Mr. Karami enjoyed political prominence, and an unparalleled popularity. Unlike
624:, who appointed him because of his political connections, despite substantial political differences. He was popularly known as a man for all crises because of a penchant of Lebanon's presidents to turn to him in times of major national strife or political upheaval.
821:
In April 1984, following conferences in
Switzerland, Karami became Prime Minister for the eighth time, heading government of national reconciliation. This period saw increasing Syrian influence in the wake of the partial Israeli withdrawal following their
605:. These terms were from 1955 to 1956, 1958 to 1960, 1961 to 1964, 1965 to 1966, 1966 to 1968, 1969 to 1970, 1975 to 1976, and from 1984 until his death. Karami was thirty-four years old when he first became Prime Minister in 1955. He was the
589:
in 1951 to fill a vacancy caused by the death of his father. He retained this seat until his death in 1987. One month after being elected he was appointed minister of justice in the government led by Prime
Minister
896:
were found guilty of the assassination. Soon after Syria's withdrawal from
Lebanon in 2005, Samir Geagea and the others were provisionally pardoned and released from jail. However, it has been suggested, by
1322:
701:
on 19 September 1955. By the following year, however, he had seriously fallen out with
Chamoun over the latter's refusal to sever diplomatic relations with the western powers that had attacked Egypt in the
2618:
2633:
569:, an architect of Lebanese independence from France. His father was also the Grand Mufti, or supreme religious judge, of Tripoli, and served as Prime Minister in 1945. Rashid Karami graduated from
2648:
2155:
2638:
1672:
794:
Karami had his militia in
Tripoli. He was reconciled to his old enemy, Suleiman Frangieh, in the late 1970s, after Frangieh had fallen out with the Phalangist militia leader,
2164:
889:
Following the assassination, a man claimed responsibility for killing on behalf of the previously unknown
Lebanese Secret Army, calling to a Western news agency in Beirut.
783:
intervention of June 1976. Despite Karami's political connections and many years of experience, he was unable to end the war, however, and on 8 December 1976 he resigned.
585:
Following his graduation, Karami practiced law in Cairo for three years. On his return to
Lebanon, he established a legal practice in Tripoli. He was first elected to the
779:
and called on his old adversary Karami to form a government on 1 July. He retreated somewhat from his previous strong support for the Palestinians and supported the
553:
eight times, making him the most democratically elected prime minister in history according to the Guinness Book of World Records 2005. He was assassinated in 1987.
2568:
1330:
754:
forced his resignation in April 1970, but he returned to office in 1975 after an accord had been signed between Lebanon and the PLO. In August that year, however,
2598:
2608:
2563:
2558:
2148:
1082:
2643:
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910:
2583:
1665:
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2623:
714:
uprising with considerable support in the Muslim community which erupted in May 1958 and attempted to topple the government and join Egypt and
610:
2578:
2573:
2553:
2141:
1054:
961:
775:), and leftist, mainly Muslim militias and their Palestinian allies. Desperate to stabilize the situation, Frangieh dismissed Prime Minister
841:
2613:
2603:
2588:
1658:
545:
statesman. He is considered one of the most important political figures in Lebanon for more than 30 years, including during much of the
1686:
1458:
1249:
807:
803:
550:
64:
827:
751:
1212:
985:
862:
and at least three of a dozen other aides and crew members aboard the helicopter were reported wounded. Maronite militia leader
2593:
689:
Karami was a part of the Muslim-Leftist faction in Lebanese politics. During the 1950s, he was a political follower of the
621:
606:
602:
2467:
2455:
586:
1707:
806:, pro-Syrian coalition of Sunni Muslim, Druze, and some Christians, mainly in the north of Lebanon in July 1983. The
930:
1681:
1086:
2197:
2179:
1985:
683:
675:
561:
Rashid Karami was born in Tripoli, North Lebanon, on 30 December 1920 into one of Lebanon's most prominent
881:
The condolences were received in the International fair of Tripoli, a project designed by Oscar Niemeyer.
772:
738:
Karami served four more times as prime minister throughout the 1960s. During this time, he championed the
707:
562:
505:
1827:
1352:
723:
609:
from 1958 to 1960, 1961 to 1964, 1965 to 1966, 1966 to 1968, 1969 to 1970 and 1975 to 1976. He was the
2359:
2548:
2543:
2239:
854:
719:
2329:
2317:
2251:
1764:
1729:
747:
742:
cause, and is believed to have argued for Lebanon to play a more active role against Israel in the
2353:
746:
of June 1967, a position which was unpopular with many Christians. Increasing clashes between the
2515:
1839:
1744:
1719:
1395:
1275:
1164:
1126:
934:
901:, that a Syrian officer purposely led Karami to the booby-trapped helicopter to assassinate him.
739:
694:
679:
663:
566:
546:
2371:
2365:
2341:
2311:
2287:
2215:
2015:
1990:
1950:
1859:
1734:
1724:
1518:
1413:
1050:
957:
780:
755:
591:
494:
342:
285:
179:
134:
1044:
2191:
1970:
1960:
1774:
1468:
1387:
1156:
951:
875:
823:
703:
671:
614:
595:
570:
518:
432:
297:
252:
240:
195:
1739:
2401:
2257:
2000:
1925:
1785:
1779:
1754:
1696:
1478:
893:
698:
534:
464:
408:
375:
2443:
2431:
658:
2473:
2395:
2383:
2323:
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2293:
2281:
2263:
2227:
2209:
2203:
2185:
1849:
1749:
1591:
1279:
1130:
799:
795:
776:
146:
1100:
2537:
2503:
2491:
2485:
2437:
2407:
2389:
2335:
2275:
2245:
2221:
2082:
2020:
1915:
1900:
1890:
1864:
1769:
1616:
1606:
1072:
No 302, 12 June 1987, Publishers Christopher Mayhew, Dennis Walters; Jim Muir pp.9-10
859:
846:
811:
639:
273:
228:
183:
97:
85:
1650:
1296:
1160:
2497:
2479:
2377:
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2112:
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2057:
1920:
1905:
1874:
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1844:
1834:
1795:
1451:
1274:
Middle East International Numbers 302 & 303, 12 & 27 June 1987, Publishers
863:
784:
420:
130:
758:, an enemy of Karami, was elected president. Karami resigned and was succeeded by
1236:
Ihsan Hijazi. (2 June 1987). "Lebanese premier is assassinated in copter blast",
2107:
2102:
2087:
2072:
2052:
2047:
2036:
1995:
1935:
1884:
1800:
1790:
1759:
1493:
898:
743:
727:
690:
635:
601:
From 1955 to 1987 Karami held office eight times as prime minister, under every
387:
363:
318:
2133:
594:. In 1953, he was also appointed minister of the economy and social affairs in
2509:
2461:
2449:
2425:
2413:
2062:
2042:
2030:
2010:
1980:
1940:
1895:
1879:
1805:
1503:
788:
759:
513:
330:
207:
158:
109:
17:
711:
52:
874:
Rashid Karami was buried in a cemetery in the Bab al Raml neighborhood of
1283:
1134:
670:
Karami was a strong proponent of increasing political power of Lebanon's
1399:
726:, Karami formed a government of national unity under the new president,
2168:
1816:
1414:"ريفي: ضابط سوري قاد كرامي إلى الطوافة المفخخة لاغتياله (وجدي العريضي)"
1168:
1018:
787:, who had succeeded Frangieh as president in September 1976, appointed
542:
484:
460:
1378:
Joseph Alagha (Winter 2005). "Hizballah after the Syrian Withdrawal".
722:. By September, when Chamoun had quelled the uprising with the aid of
1391:
815:
480:
1103:[Successive ministers of the Ministry of National Defense].
826:
in 1982, which Karami had strongly opposed. In 1986 he rejected the
840:
715:
657:
853:
On 1 June 1987, Karami was killed after a bomb was placed in his
1637:
2137:
1654:
1641:
1147:
Eric Rouleau (Autumn 1975 – Winter 1976). "Crisis in Lebanon".
574:
662:
Karami (left) with Egyptian (United Arab Republic) President
1826:
1706:
1125:
Middle East International No 302, 12 June 1987, Publishers
1323:"Rashid Karami remembered as model statesman and patriot"
613:
from 1958 to 1960, 1965, 1975 to 1976. He also served as
953:
Patterns of Political Leadership: Egypt, Israel, Lebanon
674:
community, which in his time increased to outnumber the
2619:
State leaders killed in aviation accidents or incidents
845:
Rashid Karami Square in the Southern Lebanese city of
2634:
Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in Lebanon
697:. He was first appointed Prime Minister by President
1815:
1695:
1213:"Rashid Karami, Cool persuader in a land of Strife"
986:"Rashid Karami, Cool persuader in a land of strife"
892:In 1999, Samir Geagea and ten other members of the
512:
500:
490:
470:
447:
442:
426:
414:
404:
381:
369:
359:
336:
324:
314:
291:
279:
269:
246:
234:
224:
201:
189:
175:
152:
140:
126:
103:
91:
81:
63:
34:
2649:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 1987
945:
943:
828:National Agreement to Solve the Lebanese Crisis
1353:"Helicopter Bomb Blast Kills Lebanese Premier"
1046:Pax Syriana: Elite Politics in Postwar Lebanon
1038:
1036:
2149:
1666:
565:political families. He was the eldest son of
8:
1101:"الوزراء المتعاقبون على وزارة الدفاع الوطني"
866:was accused in 1994 for this assassination.
620:He had a stormy relationship with Lebanon's
2639:Asian politicians assassinated in the 1980s
1180:
1178:
310:31 October 1961 – 20 February 1964
2156:
2142:
2134:
1673:
1659:
1651:
1638:
1440:
818:that was financially supported by the US.
678:population for the first time in Lebanese
400:19 September 1955 – 20 March 1956
220:7 December 1966 – 8 February 1968
171:15 January 1969 – 13 October 1970
51:
31:
1049:. Syracuse University Press. p. 98.
911:List of assassinated Lebanese politicians
810:stood in opposition to the presidency of
706:of 1956. He again opposed Chamoun in the
1186:"Anti-Gemayel 'front' formed in Lebanon"
541:; 30 December 1921 – 1 June 1987) was a
355:24 September 1958 – 14 May 1960
979:
977:
975:
973:
922:
265:25 July 1965 – 2 December 1966
2569:Children of prime ministers of Lebanon
1013:
1011:
1009:
1007:
122:1 July 1975 – 8 December 1976
7:
2599:Members of the Parliament of Lebanon
1043:Rola el Husseini (15 October 2012).
77:30 April 1984 – 1 June 1987
538:
1297:"Dossier: Samir Geagea (May 2004)"
1107:(in Arabic). Government of Lebanon
1085:. 18 December 2019. Archived from
25:
2609:Politicians from Tripoli, Lebanon
2564:20th-century Lebanese politicians
2559:Assassinated Lebanese politicians
814:and the pact between Lebanon and
752:Palestine Liberation Organization
2644:Politicians assassinated in 1987
2629:People of the Lebanese Civil War
1418:Lebanese Forces Official Website
2584:Government ministers of Lebanon
1359:. Associated Press. 1 June 1987
1161:10.1525/jps.1975.5.1-2.00p0400k
984:Flint, Peter B. (2 June 1987).
1321:Antoine Amrieh (2 June 2011).
1250:"Prime Minister Karami killed"
1211:Peter B. Flint (2 June 1987).
549:(1975–1990), and he served as
1:
2624:Lebanese expatriates in Egypt
798:. Together with Frangieh and
2579:Finance ministers of Lebanon
2574:Defense ministers of Lebanon
2554:Assassinated prime ministers
1149:Journal of Palestine Studies
950:R. Hrair Dekmejian (1975).
791:as the new Prime Minister.
615:Minister of Foreign Affairs
2665:
2614:Prime ministers of Lebanon
2604:People murdered in Lebanon
2589:Lebanese Arab nationalists
1682:Prime ministers of Lebanon
1623:Prime Minister of Lebanon
1598:Prime Minister of Lebanon
1575:Prime Minister of Lebanon
1554:Prime Minister of Lebanon
1533:Prime Minister of Lebanon
1510:Prime Minister of Lebanon
1485:Prime Minister of Lebanon
931:Lebanese National Movement
638:of the Shiite Muslims and
2175:
2121:
1711:French Mandate of Lebanon
1648:
1628:
1621:
1613:
1603:
1596:
1588:
1580:
1573:
1567:
1559:
1552:
1546:
1538:
1531:
1525:
1515:
1508:
1500:
1490:
1483:
1475:
1465:
1459:Prime Minister of Lebanon
1456:
1448:
1443:
1070:Middle East International
956:. SUNY Press. p. 5.
734:The Arab–Israeli conflict
524:
438:
393:
348:
303:
258:
213:
164:
115:
70:
65:Prime Minister of Lebanon
59:
50:
41:
808:National Salvation Front
804:National Salvation Front
557:Early life and education
491:Cause of death
465:State of Greater Lebanon
42:
1715:office established 1926
834:Personal life and death
2594:Lebanese Sunni Muslims
1832:
1712:
850:
838:Karami never married.
693:of Egyptian president
667:
651:
1830:
1710:
1570:Abdallah Aref el-Yafi
1562:Abdallah Aref el-Yafi
1549:Abdallah Aref el-Yafi
1541:Abdallah Aref el-Yafi
1469:Abdallah Aref el-Yafi
1190:The Milwaukee Journal
844:
802:, Karami founded the
724:United States Marines
661:
631:
1286:pp.9-10 & pp.3-4
1089:on 18 December 2019.
720:United Arab Republic
1765:Khayreddin al-Ahdab
1730:Habib Pacha Es-Saad
824:invasion of Lebanon
708:1958 Lebanon Crisis
611:Minister of Defense
607:Minister of Finance
27:Lebanese politician
1840:Abdul Hamid Karami
1833:
1745:Auguste Adib Pacha
1720:Auguste Adib Pacha
1713:
1444:Political offices
1380:Middle East Report
1238:The New York Times
1217:The New York Times
1083:"Former Ministers"
990:The New York Times
935:Lebanese Civil War
929:Associated to the
858:Interior Minister
851:
695:Gamal Abdel Nasser
668:
664:Gamal Abdel Nasser
567:Abdul Hamid Karami
547:Lebanese Civil War
495:Helicopter bombing
2531:
2530:
2525:
2524:
2165:Foreign Ministers
2131:
2130:
2126:
2016:Takieddin el-Solh
1991:Takieddin el-Solh
1951:Hussein Al Oweini
1860:Hussein Al Oweini
1831:Lebanese Republic
1817:Lebanese Republic
1735:Bechara El Khoury
1725:Bechara El Khoury
1636:
1635:
1629:Succeeded by
1604:Succeeded by
1581:Succeeded by
1560:Succeeded by
1539:Succeeded by
1528:Hussein Al Oweini
1519:Hussein Al Oweini
1516:Succeeded by
1491:Succeeded by
1466:Succeeded by
1357:Los Angeles Times
1280:Dennis Walters MP
1131:Dennis Walters MP
1056:978-0-8156-3304-4
1021:. Wars of Lebanon
963:978-0-87395-291-0
855:Aérospatiale Puma
756:Suleiman Frangieh
592:Hussein Al Oweini
587:National Assembly
528:
527:
343:Hussein Al Oweini
286:Hussein Al Oweini
180:Suleiman Frangieh
135:Suleiman Frangieh
16:(Redirected from
2656:
2512:(interim) (2021)
2158:
2151:
2144:
2135:
2124:
1971:Abdallah El-Yafi
1961:Abdallah El-Yafi
1775:Abdallah El-Yafi
1690:
1675:
1668:
1661:
1652:
1639:
1614:Preceded by
1589:Preceded by
1568:Preceded by
1547:Preceded by
1526:Preceded by
1501:Preceded by
1476:Preceded by
1449:Preceded by
1441:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1392:10.2307/30042473
1375:
1369:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1329:. Archived from
1318:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1293:
1287:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1246:
1240:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1182:
1173:
1172:
1155:(1/2): 233–243.
1144:
1138:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1079:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1040:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1015:
1002:
1001:
999:
997:
981:
968:
967:
947:
938:
927:
704:1956 Suez Crisis
596:Abdallah El-Yafi
571:Cairo University
540:
519:Cairo University
508:
477:
458:30 December 1921
457:
455:
443:Personal details
433:Abdallah El-Yafi
429:
417:
398:
384:
372:
353:
339:
327:
308:
298:Abdallah El-Yafi
294:
282:
263:
253:Abdallah El-Yafi
249:
241:Abdallah El-Yafi
237:
218:
204:
196:Abdallah El-Yafi
192:
169:
155:
143:
120:
106:
94:
75:
55:
45:
32:
21:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2653:
2534:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2526:
2521:
2171:
2162:
2132:
2127:
2117:
2001:Nureddine Rifai
1926:Khalil al-Hibri
1819:
1811:
1808:
1786:Alfred Naqqache
1780:Abdallah Beyhum
1755:Abdallah Beyhum
1699:
1691:
1684:
1679:
1644:
1632:
1625:
1619:
1609:
1600:
1594:
1584:
1577:
1571:
1563:
1556:
1550:
1542:
1535:
1529:
1521:
1512:
1506:
1496:
1487:
1481:
1479:Khalil al-Hibri
1471:
1462:
1454:
1439:
1434:
1433:
1423:
1421:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1377:
1376:
1372:
1362:
1360:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1336:
1334:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1305:
1303:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1273:
1269:
1259:
1257:
1248:
1247:
1243:
1235:
1231:
1221:
1219:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1195:
1193:
1184:
1183:
1176:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1124:
1120:
1110:
1108:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1068:
1064:
1057:
1042:
1041:
1034:
1024:
1022:
1019:"Rashid Karami"
1017:
1016:
1005:
995:
993:
983:
982:
971:
964:
949:
948:
941:
928:
924:
919:
907:
894:Lebanese Forces
887:
872:
836:
781:Syrian military
768:
736:
699:Camille Chamoun
656:
630:
617:several times.
598:'s government.
583:
559:
504:
501:Political party
479:
475:
459:
453:
451:
427:
415:
409:Camille Chamoun
399:
394:
382:
376:Khalil al-Hibri
370:
354:
349:
337:
325:
309:
304:
292:
280:
264:
259:
247:
235:
219:
214:
202:
190:
182:
170:
165:
153:
141:
133:
121:
116:
104:
92:
76:
71:
46:
43:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2662:
2660:
2652:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2536:
2535:
2529:
2528:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2519:
2518:(2021–present)
2513:
2507:
2501:
2495:
2489:
2483:
2477:
2471:
2465:
2459:
2453:
2447:
2441:
2435:
2429:
2423:
2417:
2411:
2405:
2399:
2393:
2387:
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1420:. 7 April 2022
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1386:(237): 34–39.
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2024:
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2021:Shafik Wazzan
2019:
2017:
2014:
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2011:Selim al-Hoss
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2006:Rashid Karami
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86:Amine Gemayel
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62:
58:
54:
49:
40:
36:Rashid Karami
33:
30:
19:
18:Rachid Karami
2419:
2347:
2113:Najib Mikati
2098:Tammam Salam
2093:Najib Mikati
2078:Najib Mikati
2068:Rafic Hariri
2058:Rafic Hariri
2035:
2025:
2005:
1975:
1965:
1955:
1945:
1930:
1921:Sami as-Solh
1910:
1906:Sami as-Solh
1875:Nazem Akkari
1870:Sami as-Solh
1855:Riad Al Solh
1845:Sami as-Solh
1835:Riad Al Solh
1820:(since 1943)
1796:Sami as-Solh
1714:
1622:
1597:
1574:
1553:
1532:
1509:
1484:
1457:
1452:Sami as-Solh
1422:. Retrieved
1417:
1408:
1383:
1379:
1373:
1361:. Retrieved
1356:
1347:
1335:. Retrieved
1331:the original
1326:
1316:
1304:. Retrieved
1300:
1291:
1270:
1258:. Retrieved
1253:
1244:
1237:
1232:
1220:. Retrieved
1216:
1206:
1194:. Retrieved
1189:
1152:
1148:
1142:
1121:
1109:. Retrieved
1104:
1095:
1087:the original
1077:
1069:
1065:
1045:
1023:. Retrieved
994:. Retrieved
989:
952:
925:
891:
888:
885:Perpetrators
880:
873:
864:Samir Geagea
852:
837:
820:
793:
785:Elias Sarkis
769:
737:
688:
684:demographics
669:
647:
643:
632:
619:
600:
584:
560:
530:
529:
476:(1987-06-01)
428:Succeeded by
421:Sami as-Solh
395:
383:Succeeded by
350:
338:Succeeded by
305:
293:Succeeded by
260:
248:Succeeded by
215:
203:Succeeded by
166:
154:Succeeded by
131:Elias Sarkis
117:
105:Succeeded by
72:
29:
2549:1987 deaths
2544:1921 births
2452:(1998–2000)
2108:Hassan Diab
2103:Saad Hariri
2088:Saad Hariri
2073:Omar Karami
2053:Rachid Solh
2048:Omar Karami
2037:Michel Aoun
1996:Rachid Solh
1986:Amine Hafez
1936:Ahmad Daouk
1885:Fuad Chehab
1801:Ayoub Tabet
1791:Ahmad Daouk
1760:Ayoub Tabet
1700:(1918–1943)
1494:Ahmed Daouk
1306:20 February
1276:Lord Mayhew
1254:Times Daily
1127:Lord Mayhew
992:. p. 6
933:during the
899:Ashraf Rifi
744:Six-Day War
740:Palestinian
728:Fuad Chehab
718:in the new
691:Pan-Arabism
666:, June 1959
636:Nabih Berri
628:Personality
506:Independent
474:1 June 1987
416:Preceded by
388:Ahmed Daouk
371:Preceded by
364:Fuad Chehab
326:Preceded by
319:Fuad Chehab
281:Preceded by
236:Preceded by
191:Preceded by
142:Preceded by
93:Preceded by
2538:Categories
2366:Abou Hamad
2192:Abu Shahla
1981:Saeb Salam
1941:Saeb Salam
1896:Saeb Salam
1880:Saeb Salam
1806:Petro Trad
1740:Émile Eddé
1626:1984–1987
1601:1975–1976
1583:Saeb Salam
1578:1969–1970
1557:1966–1968
1536:1965–1966
1513:1961–1964
1504:Saeb Salam
1488:1958–1960
1463:1955–1956
1260:26 January
1105:pcm.gov.lb
1025:27 January
917:References
789:Selim Hoss
760:Saeb Salam
644:al effendi
622:Presidents
575:law degree
539:رشيد كرامي
514:Alma mater
454:1921-12-30
331:Saeb Salam
208:Saeb Salam
159:Selim Hoss
110:Selim Hoss
44:رشيد كرامي
2516:Bou Habib
2506:(2020–21)
2494:(2014–20)
2488:(2011–14)
2482:(2009–11)
2476:(2005–09)
2470:(2004–05)
2464:(2003–05)
2458:(2000–03)
2446:(1992–98)
2434:(1990–92)
2428:(1987–90)
2422:(1984–87)
2416:(1982–84)
2410:(1976–82)
2398:(1975–76)
2386:(1974–75)
2380:(1973–74)
2368:(1970–73)
2362:(1969–70)
2360:Majdalani
2344:(1968–69)
2342:Al Oweini
2332:(1966–68)
2320:(1965–66)
2312:Al Oweini
2308:(1964–65)
2296:(1960–64)
2290:(1958–60)
2288:Al Oweini
2278:(1957–58)
2272:(1955–57)
2260:(1953–55)
2242:(1952–53)
2224:(1951–52)
2216:Al Oweini
2212:(1949–51)
2206:(1947–49)
2200:(1946–47)
2188:(1945–46)
1111:14 August
766:Civil war
712:Nasserist
676:Christian
603:President
405:President
396:In office
360:President
351:In office
315:President
306:In office
270:President
261:In office
225:President
216:In office
176:President
167:In office
127:President
118:In office
82:President
73:In office
2480:Al Shami
2474:Salloukh
2372:Babikian
2264:Frangieh
2258:Naqqache
2240:Moubarak
2204:Frangieh
2198:Pharaoun
2186:Frangieh
2180:Pharaoun
1400:30042473
1284:Jim Muir
1196:23 March
1135:Jim Muir
996:23 March
905:See also
773:Phalange
750:and the
654:Policies
543:Lebanese
2486:Mansour
2468:Hammoud
2456:Hammoud
2438:Maalouf
2408:Boutros
2402:Chamoun
2336:Boutros
2169:Lebanon
1424:21 July
1363:22 July
1337:23 July
1301:Meforum
1222:3 April
1169:2535710
1137:pp.9-10
876:Tripoli
680:history
573:with a
485:Lebanon
461:Miriata
2500:(2020)
2492:Bassil
2444:Boueiz
2440:(1992)
2432:Boueiz
2420:Karami
2404:(1976)
2392:(1975)
2390:Dahdah
2378:Naffah
2374:(1973)
2356:(1969)
2350:(1969)
2348:Karami
2338:(1968)
2326:(1966)
2314:(1965)
2302:(1964)
2300:Ammoun
2284:(1958)
2270:Lahoud
2266:(1955)
2254:(1953)
2248:(1953)
2246:Chehab
2236:(1952)
2234:Akkari
2230:(1952)
2218:(1951)
2194:(1946)
2182:(1945)
1398:
1167:
1053:
960:
870:Burial
816:Israel
672:Muslim
581:Career
535:Arabic
481:Beirut
2504:Wehbe
2498:Hitti
2462:Obeid
2414:Salem
2396:Takla
2384:Takla
2354:Salem
2330:Hakim
2324:Takla
2318:Hakim
2306:Takla
2294:Takla
2282:Takla
2276:Malik
2252:Hakim
2228:Takla
2222:Helou
2210:Takla
1396:JSTOR
1165:JSTOR
716:Syria
563:Sunni
2510:Akar
2450:Hoss
2426:Hoss
1687:List
1426:2022
1365:2012
1339:2012
1308:2018
1262:2014
1224:2024
1198:2013
1113:2020
1051:ISBN
1027:2013
998:2013
958:ISBN
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