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hierarchy in the United States is pervasive in many aspects of life including housing, education, and employment. The racialized incorporation perspective argues that regardless of the ethnic and cultural differences across immigrant groups, racial identification is the ultimate and primary principle of social organization in the United States. Because the lived experiences of Whites and Blacks in U.S. society diverge in most areas of social life, the racialized category that immigrants and their children are incorporated into will largely determine their experiences and opportunities in the United States. The process of racialization and involuntary incorporation is a topic of research interest in the United States.
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supports the status quo and avoids the responsibility of actively working to eradicate racism. In 2019, Hochman, a proponent of raciation, pointed out that the concept of racialization is often misidentified as relating to races or what constitutes a race, leading race-skeptic scholars in academia to discourage its use, while it actually pertains to how races are systemically and socially grouped for marginalization. Based on "what it does," the outcome of such marginalization is explained by
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described it as "awful jargon" and argued that it contradicts the goal of creating a color-blind society. In response, liberal representatives contended that the realities of racism are more pervasive. They argued that "denying the very real experiences of people who live with racism every day" only
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Racialization is the process by which societies construct races as real, different and unequal in ways that matter to economic, political and social life. It involves: selecting some human characteristics as meaningful signs of racial difference; sorting people into races on the basis of variations
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in general and the concept of racialization in particular. While immigrants may possess specific ethnic and cultural identities associated with their countries of origin, once they arrive in the U.S., they are incorporated into a society that is largely organized along the lines of race. The racial
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and a process of racial dominance that has lasting harmful or damaging outcomes for racialized groups. An associated term is self-racialization, which refers to the practice by dominant groups to justify and defend their dominant status or to deny its existence. Individually, self-racialization may
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Marta Maria
Maldonado has identified the racialization of labor to involve the segregation and appointment of workers based on perceived ethnic differences. This racialization of labor is said to produce a hierarchical arrangement which limits employee agency and mobility based on their race. The
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Furthermore, research by Edna
Bonacich, Sabrina Alimahomed Jake B. Wilson, 2008 regarding the effects of race and criminal background on employment concluded that "dominant racialized labor groups (mainly White/European workers) are in general afforded more privileges than subordinate racialized
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Racialization and gender can often intersect. Racialized gender-specific categories can emerge in the process of racialization. For example, an
African woman who immigrates to the United States may be viewed through stereotypes pertaining to
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The process of racialization can affect newly arriving immigrants as well as their second-generation children in the United States. According to sociologist Ali R. Chaudhary, the concept of racialized incorporation bridges the idea of
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in these characteristics; attributing personality traits, behaviours (sic) and social characteristics to people classified as members of particular races; and acting as if race indicates socially significant differences among people.
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are systematically constructed within a society. Constructs for racialization are centered on erroneous generalizations about racial aspects of distinct groups, leading to the denial of equal societal engagement. It is a fallacy of
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can be racialized when they are portrayed as possessing certain physical characteristics, despite the fact that many individual adherents of those religions do not possess any of those physical characteristics.
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in societies where people classified as white make up the dominant racial group, whether these are material or psychological, and are maintained and reproduced within social systems.
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Chaudhary, Ali R. (2015-06-01). "Racialized
Incorporation: The Effects of Race and Generational Status on Self-Employment and Industry-Sector Prestige in the United States".
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Elabor-Idemudia, P. (1999). "The racialization of gender in the social construction of immigrant women in Canada: A case study of
African women in a prairie province".
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process of racialization is reinforced through presupposed, stereotypical qualities which are imposed upon the racialized person by the racializer.
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Maldonado, Marta Maria (July 2009). "'It is their nature to do menial labour': The racialization of 'Latino/A workers' by agricultural employers".
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Meer, Nasar (2013-03-01). "Racialization and religion: race, culture and difference in the study of antisemitism and
Islamophobia".
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impacts the labor market, saying "upward income mobility is significantly lower in areas with larger
African American Populations".
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Hong, Gihoon (2015). "Examining the U.S. Labor Market
Performance of Immigrant Workers in the Presence of Network Effects".
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to signify the extension of racial meaning to a previously racially unclassified relationship, social practice, or group.
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Mental images and political stories: Tracing the implicit effects of race and gender rhetoric on public opinion
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Maldonado, Marta Maria (Winter 2006). "Racial
Triangulation of Latino/a Workers by Agricultural Employers".
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labor groups (workers of color)" Additionally, According to Chetty, Hendren, Kline, and Saez, the effect of
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The
Racialization of Day Labor Work in the U.S. Labor Market: Examining the Exploitation of Immigrant Labor
2881:'It is their nature to do menial labour': the racialization of 'Latino/a workers' by agricultural employers
2515:
St Louis, Brett (2005). "Racialization in the "zone of ambiguity"". In Murji, Karim; Solomos, John (eds.).
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Joshi, Khyati Y. (2006-09-01). "The Racialization of Hinduism, Islam, and Sikhism in the United States".
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In Canadian politics, conservative representatives view the sociological concept as patchy.
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Bonacich, E.; Alimahomed, S.; Wilson, J. B. (2008). "The Racialization of Global Labor".
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Members of the dominant race in a society benefit from various privileges, such as
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Religious groups can also go through the process of racialization. Adherents of
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https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/bernier-chavannes-racism-exchange-1.4681593
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Gans, Herbert J. (2017). "Racialization and racialization research".
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Racial Formation in the United States / From the 1960s to the 1980s
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2440:, because they constitute an ethnicity as well as a religion. See
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concept used to describe the intent and processes by which
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The Arc of a Bad Idea: Understanding and Transcending Race
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164:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2476:
4981:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States
3074:"Racialization: Framing and Learning Anti-Racism"
2121:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States
4641:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting)
1765:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting)
4123:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups
1243:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups
3183:
2517:Racialization: Studies in Theory and Practice
2290:not be consistent throughout one’s lifetime.
2246:
8:
4339:List of people killed for being transgender
2651:
2649:
2647:
2436:Although they accept converts, Jews are an
1459:List of people killed for being transgender
66:Learn how and when to remove these messages
3190:
3176:
3168:
2253:
2239:
253:
102:. Please do not remove this message until
2658:"Racialization: A defense of the concept"
242:Learn how and when to remove this message
224:Learn how and when to remove this message
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
27:Sociological concept of racial identities
3457:Social determinants of health in poverty
553:Social determinants of health in poverty
98:Relevant discussion may be found on the
2460:
2429:
265:
3115:
3104:
3053:(PhD thesis). University of Michigan.
2601:
2599:
2984:
2982:
7:
5105:
4145:Capital punishment for homosexuality
3462:Social determinants of mental health
3047:Winter, Nicolas John Garret (2001).
2812:Equity & Excellence in Education
1265:Capital punishment for homosexuality
558:Social determinants of mental health
162:adding citations to reliable sources
4265:Genital modification and mutilation
2907:10.17730/humo.65.4.a84b5xykr0dvp91l
1385:Genital modification and mutilation
25:
47:This article has multiple issues.
5104:
5095:
5094:
4744:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
4581:Law for Protection of the Nation
4481:White genocide conspiracy theory
2734:"The Process of "Racialization""
1876:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
1705:Law for Protection of the Nation
1599:White genocide conspiracy theory
273:
138:
77:
36:
4586:MSM blood donation restrictions
4334:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory
1710:MSM blood donation restrictions
1454:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory
149:needs additional citations for
55:or discuss these issues on the
4599:(as religious or racial quota)
3072:Changnon-Greyeyes, C. (2018).
2920:Murga, Aurelia Lorena (2011).
2692:International Migration Review
2487:& Kegan Paul. p. 64.
1723:(as religious or racial quota)
1:
5013:Second-generation gender bias
4729:Constitutional colorblindness
3452:Social determinants of health
3151:10.1080/01419870.2015.1016064
2992:American Behavioral Scientist
2936:1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-10032
2674:10.1080/01419870.2018.1527937
2622:10.1080/01419870.2017.1238497
2317:Intersectional racializations
2153:Second-generation gender bias
1861:Constitutional colorblindness
548:Social determinants of health
3133:Lentin, Alana (2015-06-21).
2781:10.1080/01419870.2013.734392
4924:Medical model of disability
4776:Hate speech laws by country
2544:Hoyt, Carlos (2016-01-19).
2064:Medical model of disability
1908:Hate speech laws by country
104:conditions to do so are met
5147:
5033:Social model of disability
3507:Discrimination against men
2173:Social model of disability
603:Discrimination against men
5090:
4386:Opposition to immigration
3299:Race / Ethnicity
3139:Ethnic and Racial Studies
2965:10.1007/s12122-014-9191-7
2952:Journal of Labor Research
2869:10.1080/01419870902802254
2856:Ethnic and Racial Studies
2824:10.1080/10665680600790327
2768:Ethnic and Racial Studies
2662:Ethnic and Racial Studies
2609:Ethnic and Racial Studies
2589:The Canadian Encyclopedia
2322:Racialization of religion
1506:Opposition to immigration
387:Race / Ethnicity
4381:Occupational segregation
4150:Compulsory sterilization
3005:10.1177/0002764208323510
2928:Texas A&M University
2367:Racialization and gender
2299:Racialized incorporation
1501:Occupational segregation
1270:Compulsory sterilization
4909:Internalized oppression
4771:Fighting Discrimination
4761:Fat acceptance movement
4719:Anti-discrimination law
4359:Native American mascots
2584:"Racialized Minorities"
2552:Oxford University Press
2521:Oxford University Press
2049:Internalized oppression
1903:Fighting Discrimination
1893:Fat acceptance movement
1851:Anti-discrimination law
1479:Native American mascots
5028:Social identity threat
5001:Reverse discrimination
4991:Racial color blindness
4471:Violence against women
4451:Sex-selective abortion
3029:Canadian Woman Studies
2656:Hochman, Adam (2019).
2446:religious antisemitism
2343:Racialization of labor
2168:Social identity threat
2141:Reverse discrimination
2131:Racial color blindness
1589:Violence against women
1569:Sex-selective abortion
4996:Religious intolerance
4956:Political correctness
4786:Intersex human rights
4734:Cultural assimilation
4416:Religious persecution
4180:Disability hate crime
2310:critical race studies
2136:Religious intolerance
2096:Political correctness
1918:Intersex human rights
1866:Cultural assimilation
1534:Religious persecution
1300:Disability hate crime
4401:Political repression
3402:Anti-left handedness
3392:Anti-intellectualism
3135:"What does race do?"
2438:ethnoreligious group
2403:Critical race theory
1521:Political repression
498:Anti-left handedness
488:Anti-intellectualism
158:improve this article
4904:Historical eugenics
4441:Segregation academy
4421:Religious terrorism
4210:Enemy of the people
4118:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
3639:Jehovah's Witnesses
3532:Perpetual foreigner
2746:on 11 December 2023
2499:We employ the term
2442:racial antisemitism
2044:Historical eugenics
1559:Segregation academy
1539:Religious terrorism
1330:Enemy of the people
1238:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
743:Jehovah's Witnesses
628:Perpetual foreigner
91:of this article is
4816:Social integration
4811:Self-determination
4801:Racial integration
4749:Diversity training
4739:Cultural pluralism
4714:Affirmative action
4614:Racial segregation
4524:Crime of apartheid
4426:Religious violence
3931:Indigenous people
3326:Sexual orientation
2895:Human Organization
2704:10.1111/imre.12087
2523:. pp. 29–50.
2413:Racialized society
1948:Social integration
1943:Self-determination
1933:Racial integration
1881:Diversity training
1871:Cultural pluralism
1846:Affirmative action
1738:Racial segregation
1648:Crime of apartheid
1544:Religious violence
1043:Indigenous people
414:Sexual orientation
5118:
5117:
4986:Racism by country
4914:Intersectionality
4899:Heteronormativity
4698:Voter suppression
4446:Sexual harassment
4245:Forced conversion
4165:Cultural genocide
3830:African Americans
3649:post–Cold War era
3634:Eastern Orthodoxy
3387:Anti-drug addicts
3382:Anti-homelessness
3309:Scientific racism
3114:Missing or empty
2561:978-0-19-938627-7
2494:978-0-7102-0970-2
2418:Scientific racism
2282:racial identities
2263:
2262:
2126:Racism by country
2054:Intersectionality
2039:Heteronormativity
1822:Voter suppression
1564:Sexual harassment
1365:Forced conversion
1285:Cultural genocide
942:African Americans
753:post–Cold War era
738:Eastern Orthodoxy
483:Anti-drug addicts
478:Anti-homelessness
397:Scientific racism
252:
251:
244:
234:
233:
226:
208:
132:
131:
124:
70:
16:(Redirected from
5138:
5131:Race and society
5108:
5107:
5098:
5097:
5038:Social privilege
5023:Social exclusion
4951:Police brutality
4872:Multiculturalism
4842:Amatonormativity
4673:Social exclusion
4509:Age of candidacy
4309:Homeless dumping
4215:Ethnic cleansing
3192:
3185:
3178:
3169:
3163:
3162:
3130:
3124:
3123:
3117:
3112:
3110:
3102:
3095:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3076:. Archived from
3069:
3063:
3062:
3044:
3038:
3037:
3023:
3017:
3016:
2986:
2977:
2976:
2946:
2940:
2939:
2917:
2911:
2910:
2890:
2884:
2883:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2807:
2801:
2800:
2762:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2742:. Archived from
2730:
2724:
2723:
2687:
2678:
2677:
2668:(8): 1245–1262.
2653:
2642:
2641:
2603:
2594:
2593:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2541:
2535:
2534:
2512:
2506:
2505:
2482:
2465:
2449:
2434:
2374:African-American
2361:race segregation
2294:Process concepts
2255:
2248:
2241:
2178:Social privilege
2163:Social exclusion
2091:Police brutality
2012:Multiculturalism
1982:Amatonormativity
1797:Social exclusion
1633:Age of candidacy
1429:Homeless dumping
1335:Ethnic cleansing
277:
254:
247:
240:
229:
222:
218:
215:
209:
207:
166:
142:
134:
127:
120:
116:
113:
107:
81:
80:
73:
62:
40:
39:
32:
21:
5146:
5145:
5141:
5140:
5139:
5137:
5136:
5135:
5121:
5120:
5119:
5114:
5086:
4961:Polyculturalism
4857:Civil liberties
4825:
4806:Reappropriation
4707:Countermeasures
4702:
4631:Racial steering
4597:Numerus clausus
4501:
4495:
4220:Ethnic conflict
4155:Corrective rape
4106:
3748:
3595:
3487:HIV/AIDS stigma
3345:
3294:Mental disorder
3232:
3201:
3196:
3166:
3132:
3131:
3127:
3113:
3103:
3097:
3096:
3092:
3083:
3081:
3071:
3070:
3066:
3046:
3045:
3041:
3025:
3024:
3020:
2988:
2987:
2980:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2919:
2918:
2914:
2892:
2891:
2887:
2852:
2851:
2847:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2764:
2763:
2759:
2749:
2747:
2739:York University
2732:
2731:
2727:
2689:
2688:
2681:
2655:
2654:
2645:
2605:
2604:
2597:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2562:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2531:
2514:
2513:
2509:
2495:
2467:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2453:
2452:
2435:
2431:
2426:
2408:Postcolonialism
2399:
2391:systemic racism
2382:
2369:
2353:white privilege
2345:
2324:
2319:
2301:
2296:
2259:
2230:
2229:
2228:
2227:
2226:
2101:Polyculturalism
1997:Civil liberties
1969:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1957:
1938:Reappropriation
1838:
1837:Countermeasures
1830:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1826:
1755:Racial steering
1721:Numerus clausus
1625:
1617:
1616:
1615:
1614:
1613:
1340:Ethnic conflict
1275:Corrective rape
1230:
1222:
1221:
1220:
1219:
1218:
867:
856:
855:
854:
853:
852:
705:
695:
694:
693:
692:
691:
583:HIV/AIDS stigma
445:
437:
436:
435:
434:
433:
382:Mental disorder
324:
316:
315:
314:
313:
312:
285:
248:
237:
236:
235:
230:
219:
213:
210:
173:"Racialization"
167:
165:
155:
143:
128:
117:
111:
108:
97:
82:
78:
41:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5144:
5142:
5134:
5133:
5123:
5122:
5116:
5115:
5113:
5112:
5102:
5091:
5088:
5087:
5085:
5084:
5079:
5078:
5077:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5056:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5009:
5008:
5006:Reverse racism
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4976:Prisoner abuse
4973:
4968:
4966:Power distance
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4932:
4931:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4884:Ethnic penalty
4881:
4880:
4879:
4877:Neurodiversity
4874:
4864:
4862:Dehumanization
4859:
4854:
4852:Cisnormativity
4849:
4844:
4839:
4833:
4831:
4830:Related topics
4827:
4826:
4824:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4752:
4751:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4710:
4708:
4704:
4703:
4701:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4688:State religion
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4669:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4627:
4626:
4624:Nuremberg Laws
4621:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4566:Ghetto benches
4563:
4561:Gerrymandering
4558:
4553:
4548:
4546:Gender pay gap
4543:
4542:
4541:
4536:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4505:
4503:
4500:Discriminatory
4497:
4496:
4494:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4377:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4329:Lavender scare
4326:
4324:Kill Haole Day
4321:
4319:Indian rolling
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4295:
4294:
4284:
4279:
4278:
4277:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4205:Eliminationism
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4140:Cancel culture
4137:
4132:
4127:
4126:
4125:
4114:
4112:
4111:Manifestations
4108:
4107:
4105:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4007:Middle Eastern
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3948:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3843:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3811:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3759:
3757:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3746:
3744:Zoroastrianism
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3720:
3719:
3709:
3708:
3707:
3706:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3675:
3674:
3673:
3671:Untouchability
3668:
3658:
3653:
3652:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3605:
3603:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3582:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3554:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3497:Leprosy stigma
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3353:
3351:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3312:
3311:
3306:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3240:
3238:
3234:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3209:
3207:
3203:
3202:
3199:Discrimination
3197:
3195:
3194:
3187:
3180:
3172:
3165:
3164:
3125:
3090:
3064:
3059:2027.42/128922
3039:
3018:
2999:(3): 342–355.
2978:
2941:
2912:
2885:
2845:
2818:(3): 211–226.
2802:
2775:(3): 385–398.
2757:
2725:
2698:(2): 318–354.
2679:
2643:
2616:(3): 341–352.
2595:
2575:
2560:
2536:
2529:
2507:
2493:
2473:Winant, Howard
2459:
2457:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2398:
2395:
2386:Maxime Bernier
2381:
2378:
2368:
2365:
2344:
2341:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2250:
2243:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2219:
2218:
2217:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2196:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2149:
2148:
2146:Reverse racism
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2116:Prisoner abuse
2113:
2108:
2106:Power distance
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2024:Ethnic penalty
2021:
2020:
2019:
2017:Neurodiversity
2014:
2004:
2002:Dehumanization
1999:
1994:
1992:Cisnormativity
1989:
1984:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1968:Related topics
1967:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1842:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1812:State religion
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1751:
1750:
1748:Nuremberg Laws
1745:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1690:Ghetto benches
1687:
1685:Gerrymandering
1682:
1677:
1672:
1670:Gender pay gap
1667:
1666:
1665:
1660:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1629:
1628:
1627:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1449:Lavender scare
1446:
1444:Kill Haole Day
1441:
1439:Indian rolling
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1404:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1325:Eliminationism
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1260:Cancel culture
1257:
1252:
1247:
1246:
1245:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1231:
1229:Manifestations
1228:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1119:Middle Eastern
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1060:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
955:
954:
949:
944:
934:
929:
924:
923:
922:
917:
912:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
871:
870:
869:
868:
862:
861:
858:
857:
851:
850:
848:Zoroastrianism
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
824:
823:
813:
812:
811:
810:
809:
804:
799:
794:
779:
778:
777:
775:Untouchability
772:
762:
757:
756:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
725:
720:
715:
709:
708:
707:
706:
701:
700:
697:
696:
690:
689:
684:
679:
678:
677:
672:
667:
657:
656:
655:
650:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
593:Leprosy stigma
590:
585:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
449:
448:
447:
446:
443:
442:
439:
438:
432:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
400:
399:
394:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
328:
327:
326:
325:
322:
321:
318:
317:
311:
310:
305:
300:
295:
289:
288:
287:
286:
283:
282:
279:
278:
270:
269:
267:Discrimination
263:
262:
250:
249:
232:
231:
146:
144:
137:
130:
129:
85:
83:
76:
71:
45:
44:
42:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5143:
5132:
5129:
5128:
5126:
5111:
5103:
5101:
5093:
5092:
5089:
5083:
5080:
5076:
5073:
5072:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5060:Social stigma
5058:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5040:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5007:
5004:
5003:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4930:
4927:
4926:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4869:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4828:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4711:
4709:
4705:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4683:State atheism
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4648:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4619:Jim Crow laws
4617:
4616:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4604:One-drop rule
4602:
4600:
4598:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4531:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4519:Blood quantum
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4506:
4504:
4498:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4466:Victimisation
4464:
4462:
4461:Trans bashing
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4431:Religious war
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4411:Racialization
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4293:
4290:
4289:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4282:Glass ceiling
4280:
4276:
4273:
4272:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4225:Ethnic hatred
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4160:Counter-jihad
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4124:
4121:
4120:
4119:
4116:
4115:
4113:
4109:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3946:
3945:United States
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3932:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3827:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3809:
3808:United States
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3760:
3758:
3756:
3751:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3729:Protestantism
3727:
3725:
3722:
3718:
3715:
3714:
3713:
3710:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3685:
3684:
3681:
3680:
3679:
3676:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3663:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3644:LDS or Mormon
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3626:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3598:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3574:Transmisogyny
3572:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3565:
3562:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3477:Gerontophobia
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3397:Anti-intersex
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3372:Anti-albinism
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3348:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3235:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3213:Institutional
3211:
3210:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3193:
3188:
3186:
3181:
3179:
3174:
3173:
3170:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3129:
3126:
3121:
3108:
3100:
3094:
3091:
3080:on 2018-03-25
3079:
3075:
3068:
3065:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3051:
3043:
3040:
3035:
3031:
3030:
3022:
3019:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2993:
2985:
2983:
2979:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2953:
2945:
2942:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2924:
2916:
2913:
2908:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2889:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2857:
2849:
2846:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2806:
2803:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2769:
2761:
2758:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2735:
2729:
2726:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2652:
2650:
2648:
2644:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2610:
2602:
2600:
2596:
2591:
2590:
2585:
2579:
2576:
2572:
2567:
2563:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2548:
2540:
2537:
2532:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2511:
2508:
2504:
2502:
2501:racialization
2496:
2490:
2486:
2481:
2480:
2474:
2470:
2464:
2461:
2455:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2433:
2430:
2423:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2396:
2394:
2392:
2387:
2379:
2377:
2375:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2356:
2354:
2349:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2321:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2298:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2270:ethnicization
2267:
2266:Racialization
2256:
2251:
2249:
2244:
2242:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2223:
2220:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2200:Social stigma
2198:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2147:
2144:
2143:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1974:
1965:
1964:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1834:
1833:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1807:State atheism
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1743:Jim Crow laws
1741:
1740:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1728:One-drop rule
1726:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1643:Blood quantum
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1621:
1620:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1584:Victimisation
1582:
1580:
1579:Trans bashing
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1549:Religious war
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:Racialization
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1402:Glass ceiling
1400:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1345:Ethnic hatred
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1280:Counter-jihad
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1226:
1225:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1058:
1057:United States
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
939:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
921:
920:United States
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
907:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
872:
866:
860:
859:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
833:Protestantism
831:
829:
826:
822:
819:
818:
817:
814:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
789:
788:
785:
784:
783:
780:
776:
773:
771:
768:
767:
766:
763:
761:
758:
754:
751:
749:
748:LDS or Mormon
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
730:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
710:
704:
699:
698:
688:
685:
683:
680:
676:
673:
671:
670:Transmisogyny
668:
666:
663:
662:
661:
658:
654:
651:
649:
646:
645:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
573:Gerontophobia
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
493:Anti-intersex
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
468:Anti-albinism
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
450:
441:
440:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
398:
395:
393:
390:
389:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
329:
320:
319:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
293:Institutional
291:
290:
281:
280:
276:
272:
271:
268:
264:
260:
256:
255:
246:
243:
228:
225:
217:
206:
203:
199:
196:
192:
189:
185:
182:
178:
175: –
174:
170:
169:Find sources:
163:
159:
153:
152:
147:This article
145:
141:
136:
135:
126:
123:
115:
105:
101:
95:
94:
90:
84:
75:
74:
69:
67:
60:
59:
54:
53:
48:
43:
34:
33:
30:
19:
4894:Gender-blind
4781:Human rights
4609:Racial quota
4596:
4576:Jewish quota
4556:Gerontocracy
4551:Gender roles
4529:Disabilities
4514:Blood purity
4486:Wife selling
4476:White flight
4456:Slut-shaming
4436:Scapegoating
4410:
4354:Murder music
4027:Palestinians
3840:South Africa
3825:Black people
3803:South Africa
3624:Christianity
3614:Baháʼí Faith
3542:Sectarianism
3482:Heterosexism
3447:Ephebiphobia
3412:Antisemitism
3407:Anti-Masonry
3274:Hair texture
3142:
3138:
3128:
3116:|title=
3093:
3082:. Retrieved
3078:the original
3067:
3049:
3042:
3033:
3027:
3021:
2996:
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2922:
2915:
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2848:
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2772:
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2760:
2748:. Retrieved
2744:the original
2737:
2728:
2695:
2691:
2665:
2661:
2613:
2607:
2587:
2578:
2569:
2566:Google Books
2564:– via
2546:
2539:
2516:
2510:
2500:
2498:
2478:
2469:Omi, Michael
2463:
2432:
2383:
2370:
2357:
2350:
2346:
2325:
2306:assimilation
2302:
2274:sociological
2269:
2265:
2264:
2034:Gender-blind
1913:Human rights
1733:Racial quota
1720:
1700:Jewish quota
1680:Gerontocracy
1675:Gender roles
1653:Disabilities
1638:Blood purity
1604:Wife selling
1594:White flight
1574:Slut-shaming
1554:Scapegoating
1474:Murder music
1139:Palestinians
952:South Africa
937:Black people
915:South Africa
728:Christianity
718:Baháʼí Faith
638:Sectarianism
578:Heterosexism
543:Ephebiphobia
508:Antisemitism
503:Anti-Masonry
362:Hair texture
238:
220:
211:
201:
194:
187:
180:
168:
156:Please help
151:verification
148:
118:
109:
87:
63:
56:
50:
49:Please help
46:
29:
4796:Nonviolence
4791:LGBT rights
4756:Empowerment
4724:Anti-racism
4646:Segregation
4591:No kid zone
4391:Persecution
4304:Hate speech
4255:Gay bashing
4230:Ethnic joke
4185:Dog whistle
4130:Blood libel
3820:Azerbaijani
3724:Neopaganism
3717:Persecution
3683:Persecution
3666:Persecution
3629:Catholicism
3564:Transphobia
3547:Supremacism
3502:Lesbophobia
3417:Aporophobia
3377:Anti-autism
3228:Taste-based
3223:Statistical
3145:(8): 1404.
3036:(3): 38–44.
2863:(6): 1026.
1928:Nonviolence
1923:LGBT rights
1888:Empowerment
1856:Anti-racism
1770:Segregation
1715:No kid zone
1511:Persecution
1424:Hate speech
1375:Gay bashing
1350:Ethnic joke
1305:Dog whistle
1250:Blood libel
932:Azerbaijani
828:Neopaganism
821:Persecution
787:Persecution
770:Persecution
733:Catholicism
660:Transphobia
643:Supremacism
598:Lesbophobia
513:Aporophobia
473:Anti-autism
308:Taste-based
303:Statistical
5070:Stereotype
5065:Speciesism
4946:Oppression
4941:Oikophobia
4837:Allophilia
4821:Toleration
4678:Sodomy law
4571:Internment
4491:Witch-hunt
4369:Blackhawks
4299:Hate group
4287:Hate crime
4260:Gendercide
4250:Freak show
4240:Excellence
4200:Employment
4170:Defamation
4102:Vietnamese
4097:Venezuelan
3987:Lithuanian
3656:Falun Gong
3591:Xenophobia
3586:Vegaphobia
3569:Non-binary
3527:Pedophobia
3492:Homophobia
3304:Skin color
3264:Disability
3237:Attributes
3218:Structural
3084:2018-04-06
2901:(4): 360.
2530:0199257035
2456:References
2210:Stereotype
2205:Speciesism
2086:Oppression
2081:Oikophobia
1977:Allophilia
1953:Toleration
1802:Sodomy law
1695:Internment
1609:Witch-hunt
1489:Blackhawks
1419:Hate group
1407:Hate crime
1380:Gendercide
1370:Freak show
1360:Excellence
1320:Employment
1290:Defamation
1214:Vietnamese
1209:Venezuelan
1099:Lithuanian
760:Falun Gong
687:Xenophobia
682:Vegaphobia
665:Non-binary
623:Pedophobia
588:Homophobia
392:Skin color
352:Disability
323:Attributes
298:Structural
184:newspapers
89:neutrality
52:improve it
18:Racialized
5043:Christian
4971:Prejudice
4919:Masculism
4867:Diversity
4661:religious
4636:Redlining
4235:Ethnocide
4195:Education
4087:Ukrainian
4022:Pakistani
4012:Mongolian
3935:Australia
3917:Hungarian
3872:Colombian
3852:Bulgarian
3734:Rastafari
3688:Ahmadiyya
3601:Religious
3579:Trans men
3537:Pregnancy
3472:Gayphobia
3467:Fatphobia
3362:Acephobia
3357:Arophobia
3341:Viewpoint
3159:0141-9870
3107:cite news
3013:144845816
2973:153986808
2877:143635150
2840:145652861
2832:1066-5684
2797:144942470
2789:0141-9870
2720:145352741
2712:1747-7379
2638:152204468
2630:1466-4356
2485:Routledge
2380:Criticism
2183:Christian
2111:Prejudice
2059:Masculism
2007:Diversity
1785:religious
1760:Redlining
1355:Ethnocide
1315:Education
1199:Ukrainian
1134:Pakistani
1124:Mongolian
1047:Australia
1029:Hungarian
984:Colombian
964:Bulgarian
838:Rastafari
792:Ahmadiyya
703:Religious
675:Trans men
633:Pregnancy
568:Gayphobia
563:Fatphobia
458:Acephobia
453:Arophobia
429:Viewpoint
214:July 2024
112:July 2024
100:talk page
58:talk page
5125:Category
5100:Category
5082:The talk
5018:Snobbery
4936:Net bias
4766:Feminism
4693:Ugly law
4534:Catholic
4502:policies
4349:Mortgage
4344:Lynching
4275:examples
4270:Genocide
4190:Economic
4175:Democide
4135:Bullying
4052:Romanian
4017:Nigerian
3967:Japanese
3897:Georgian
3882:Filipino
3815:Assyrian
3788:Armenian
3778:American
3773:Albanian
3755:National
3739:Yazidism
3661:Hinduism
3619:Buddhism
3522:Nepotism
3517:Misogyny
3512:Misandry
3437:Cronyism
3432:Clannism
3427:Biphobia
3367:Adultism
3284:Language
2959:: 9–26.
2475:(1986).
2397:See also
2287:groupism
2222:The talk
2158:Snobbery
2076:Net bias
1898:Feminism
1817:Ugly law
1658:Catholic
1624:Policies
1469:Mortgage
1464:Lynching
1395:examples
1390:Genocide
1310:Economic
1295:Democide
1255:Bullying
1164:Romanian
1129:Nigerian
1079:Japanese
1009:Georgian
994:Filipino
927:Assyrian
900:Armenian
890:American
885:Albanian
865:national
843:Yazidism
765:Hinduism
723:Buddhism
618:Nepotism
613:Misogyny
608:Misandry
533:Cronyism
528:Clannism
523:Biphobia
463:Adultism
372:Language
259:a series
257:Part of
93:disputed
5110:Commons
4889:Figleaf
4314:Housing
4082:Turkish
4032:Pashtun
4002:Mexican
3982:Kurdish
3962:Italian
3957:Israeli
3907:Haitian
3892:Finnish
3867:Chinese
3862:Chechen
3857:Catalan
3847:Bengali
3768:African
3753:Ethnic/
3712:Judaism
3703:Sunnism
3693:Shi'ism
3609:Atheism
3442:Elitism
3331:Species
3269:Genetic
3259:Dialect
2926:(PhD).
2750:30 June
2592:. 2022.
2376:women.
2336:Sikhism
2328:Judaism
2029:Figleaf
1434:Housing
1194:Turkish
1144:Pashtun
1114:Mexican
1094:Kurdish
1074:Italian
1069:Israeli
1019:Haitian
1004:Finnish
979:Chinese
974:Chechen
969:Catalan
959:Bengali
880:African
863:Ethnic/
816:Judaism
807:Sunnism
797:Shi'ism
713:Atheism
538:Elitism
419:Species
357:Genetic
347:Dialect
198:scholar
5075:threat
4929:autism
4666:sexual
4656:racial
4539:Jewish
4396:Pogrom
4374:Chiefs
4364:Braves
4092:Uyghur
4067:Somali
4062:Slavic
4047:Romani
4042:Quebec
4037:Polish
3977:Korean
3972:Jewish
3940:Canada
3927:Indian
3912:Hazara
3887:Fulani
3798:France
3763:Afghan
3698:Sufism
3422:Audism
3350:Social
3279:Height
3157:
3011:
2971:
2875:
2838:
2830:
2795:
2787:
2718:
2710:
2636:
2628:
2558:
2527:
2491:
2334:, and
2278:ethnic
2215:threat
2069:autism
1790:sexual
1780:racial
1663:Jewish
1516:Pogrom
1494:Chiefs
1484:Braves
1204:Uyghur
1179:Somali
1174:Slavic
1159:Romani
1154:Quebec
1149:Polish
1089:Korean
1084:Jewish
1052:Canada
1039:Indian
1024:Hazara
999:Fulani
910:France
875:Afghan
802:Sufism
518:Audism
444:Social
367:Height
200:
193:
186:
179:
171:
5053:white
4406:Purge
4072:Tatar
3997:Māori
3992:Malay
3952:Irish
3902:Greek
3877:Croat
3835:China
3793:Asian
3678:Islam
3552:White
3289:Looks
3254:Class
3249:Caste
3206:Forms
3009:S2CID
2969:S2CID
2873:S2CID
2836:S2CID
2793:S2CID
2716:S2CID
2634:S2CID
2424:Notes
2332:Islam
2308:with
2272:is a
2193:white
1526:Purge
1184:Tatar
1109:Māori
1104:Malay
1064:Irish
1014:Greek
989:Croat
947:China
905:Asian
782:Islam
648:White
377:Looks
342:Class
337:Caste
284:Forms
205:JSTOR
191:books
5048:male
4847:Bias
4292:LGBT
4077:Thai
4057:Serb
3922:Igbo
3783:Arab
3557:Male
3336:Size
3316:Rank
3155:ISSN
3120:help
2828:ISSN
2785:ISSN
2752:2024
2708:ISSN
2626:ISSN
2556:ISBN
2525:ISBN
2489:ISBN
2444:and
2188:male
1987:Bias
1412:LGBT
1189:Thai
1169:Serb
1034:Igbo
895:Arab
653:Male
424:Size
404:Rank
177:news
86:The
4651:age
3321:Sex
3244:Age
3147:doi
3055:hdl
3001:doi
2961:doi
2932:hdl
2903:doi
2865:doi
2820:doi
2777:doi
2700:doi
2670:doi
2618:doi
2280:or
2268:or
1775:age
409:Sex
332:Age
160:by
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