218:
165:
48:
340:
463:
265:) about whom nothing else is known. In their current condition the folios are 34 cm (13.4 in) by 27 cm (10.6 in). Their original size is unknown because they were trimmed during previous rebindings. The text is written in black or dark brown ink in two columns of a variable number of lines. There are footnotes written in red ink at the bottom of many of the columns. The text is the
356:
accompanying the miniatures is of the same paleographic character as the main text of the manuscript, this theory was rejected by
Giuseppe Furlani and by Carlo Cecchelli in the commentary of the facsimile edition of the miniatures published in 1959. But doubts as to the original unity of the
357:
contents continued. More recently, scholars have proposed that the text of 586 was only bound up together with the miniatures in the 15th century, and that the miniatures themselves were taken from at least one other original manuscript, and come from two different campaigns of work.
332:) and is almost never seen in later art. The artist was trained in the classical illusionist tradition, and is a competent and practiced hand rather than an outstanding talent; but surviving images from this period are so rare that his are extremely valuable for showing the style and
524:
351:
The French
Orientalist Edgard Blochet (1870–1937) argued that some of the folios of the manuscript, including the pictorial series, were an interpolation no earlier than the 10th or 11th century. Since the original
209:
Recent scholarship has suggested that the manuscript, completed in 586 AD, was later partly overpainted by restorers and bound together with miniatures from other sources in the 15th or 16th century.
648:
312:
and so forth. The scene of the
Crucifixion is the earliest to survive in an illuminated manuscript, and shows the Eastern form of the image at the time. There is a miniature of the
198:, and one of the earliest Christian manuscripts with large miniatures, it is distinguished by the miniaturist's predilection for bright colours, movement, drama, and
217:
164:
809:
857:
694:
847:
802:
734:
852:
795:
645:
442:
422:
409:
403:
397:
589:
Il
Tetravangelo di Rabbula. Firenze, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, plut. 1.56: L'illustrazione del Nuovo Testamento nella Siria del VI secolo
547:
Wright, David H. "The Date and
Arrangement of the Illustrations in the Rabbula Gospels." Dumbarton Oaks Papers 27 (1973): 197-208. Web.,
241:), which, although traditionally thought to have been in Northern Mesopotamia, is now thought to have been in the hinterland between
612:
276:
The manuscript is illuminated, with the text framed in elaborate floral and architectural motifs. The Gospel canons are set in
842:
777:
727:
313:
867:
476:
47:
709:
687:
680:
667:
604:
293:
169:
862:
599:
202:. Created during a period from which little art survived, it nevertheless saw great development in Christian
657:
222:
185:
837:
496:
277:
491:
481:
387:
The manuscript has served during
Medieval Age as register of Maronites Patriarches (Elias Kattar),
73:
69:
65:
61:
360:
The history of the manuscript after it was written is vague until the 11th century when it was at
759:
501:
377:
38:
560:
280:
ornamented with flowers and birds. The miniaturist obviously drew some of his inspiration from
608:
321:
104:
57:
652:
415:
281:
270:
188:
141:
115:
53:
600:
Age of spirituality : late antique and early
Christian art, third to seventh century
339:
206:. The manuscript has a significant place in art history, and is very often referred to.
594:
486:
369:
317:
246:
831:
353:
199:
662:
468:
344:
333:
289:
285:
203:
191:
85:
621:
Codices
Illustres: The world's most famous illuminated manuscripts, 400 to 1600
184:(Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, cod. Plut. I, 56), is a 6th-century
458:
17:
297:
195:
372:. In the late 15th or early 16th century, the manuscript was taken by the
229:
The Gospel was completed in 586 at
Monastery of St. John of Zagba (Syriac:
615:; full text available online from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries
536:
381:
373:
266:
155:
288:. The miniatures of the Rabbula Gospels, notably those representing the
561:"Holy Spirit University of Kaslik | لبنان الوسيط عهد السلاطين المماليك"
548:
365:
309:
242:
672:
361:
325:
301:
151:
668:
Homepage des
Bistums Speyer (mit Kommentaren zu einzelnen Bildern)
338:
305:
250:
216:
329:
676:
347:, harmonization of the four gospels, with marginal miniatures.
408:
fol. 2a Christ receives a book from two monks (dedication) /
168:
Folio 13v of the Rabbula Gospels contains a miniature of the
300:, are full-page pictures with a decorative frame formed of
410:
The saints Eusebius of Caesarea and Ammonius of Alexandria
368:. In the late 13th or early 14th century it came to
715:
260:
236:
787:
769:
744:
719:
708:
147:
137:
129:
121:
111:
99:
91:
81:
32:
631:Late Antique and Early Christian Book Illumination
316:choosing a new twelfth member (after the loss of
194:. One of the finest Byzantine works produced in
591:, Rome: Edizioni di Storia e Letteratura, 2008.
688:
404:Theotokos (Virgin Mary) with the infant Jesus
398:Election of the Apostle Mathias by the Eleven
8:
343:Folio 4v of the Rabbula Gospels showing the
254:
230:
284:(draped figures), but relied mainly on the
803:Syriac Gospels, British Library, Add. 7170
735:National Library of Russia, Codex Syriac 1
716:
695:
681:
673:
52:Folios 9v and 10r of the Rabbula Gospels,
29:
27:6th-century illuminated Syriac Gospel Book
796:Syriac Gospels, Vatican Library, Syr. 559
663:Grove Dictionary of Art (Rabbula Gospels)
519:
517:
619:Walther, Ingo F.; Wolf, Norbert (2005),
253:. It was signed by its scribe, Rabbula (
163:
537:Miniatures from the Rabbula Gospels ms.
513:
810:Nestorian Peshitta Gospel - Sachau 304
320:); this is not an event found in the
7:
449:Gift of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost
255:
231:
858:6th-century illuminated manuscripts
646:The manuscript page-by-page online
25:
848:Byzantine illuminated manuscripts
658:Blog with up-to-date bibliography
853:6th-century biblical manuscripts
461:
418:with smaller marginal miniatures
103:Monastery of St. John of Zagba,
46:
286:ornamental traditions of Persia
221:The earliest crucifixion in an
39:Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana
1:
778:British Library, Add MS 17212
728:British Library, Add MS 12150
633:, New York: George Braziller
477:Syriac versions of the Bible
273:translation of the Gospels.
261:
237:
324:(though it is mentioned in
225:, from the Rabbula Gospels.
884:
605:Metropolitan Museum of Art
45:
37:
629:Weitzmann, Kurt (1977),
416:canon tables of Eusebius
587:Bernabò, Massimo, ed.,
433:Three Marys at the tomb
443:Christ with four monks
348:
226:
223:illuminated manuscript
173:
152:Four Canonical Gospels
60:, from left to right:
56:with portraits of the
527:(see Further reading)
497:Syriac Bible of Paris
429:Crucifixion of Christ
384:, where it is today.
342:
220:
167:
843:Peshitta manuscripts
492:Nestorian Evangelion
482:Codex Phillipps 1388
105:Northern Mesopotamia
868:Syriac Christianity
439:Ascension of Christ
760:Codices Ambrosiani
703:Syriac manuscripts
651:2016-03-04 at the
502:Depiction of Jesus
378:Laurentian Library
349:
227:
174:
825:
824:
819:
818:
603:, no. 445, 1979,
525:Review of Bernabò
376:Patriarch to the
322:Canonical Gospels
162:
161:
16:(Redirected from
875:
717:
697:
690:
683:
674:
634:
624:
575:
574:
572:
571:
557:
551:
545:
539:
534:
528:
521:
471:
466:
465:
464:
423:Matthew and John
414:fol. 3b-12b The
391:Large miniatures
264:
258:
257:
240:
234:
233:
58:Four Evangelists
50:
30:
21:
883:
882:
878:
877:
876:
874:
873:
872:
863:Maronite Church
828:
827:
826:
821:
820:
815:
783:
765:
753:Rabbula Gospels
740:
704:
701:
653:Wayback Machine
642:
628:
623:, Köln: Taschen
618:
595:Weitzmann, Kurt
584:
582:Further reading
579:
578:
569:
567:
565:www.usek.edu.lb
559:
558:
554:
546:
542:
535:
531:
522:
515:
510:
467:
462:
460:
457:
393:
282:Hellenistic art
269:version of the
215:
178:Rabbula Gospels
100:Place of origin
77:
33:Rabbula Gospels
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
881:
879:
871:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
830:
829:
823:
822:
817:
816:
814:
813:
806:
799:
791:
789:
785:
784:
782:
781:
773:
771:
767:
766:
764:
763:
756:
748:
746:
742:
741:
739:
738:
731:
723:
721:
714:
712:
706:
705:
702:
700:
699:
692:
685:
677:
671:
670:
665:
660:
655:
641:
640:External links
638:
637:
636:
626:
616:
592:
583:
580:
577:
576:
552:
540:
529:
523:Peers, Glenn,
512:
511:
509:
506:
505:
504:
499:
494:
489:
487:Garima Gospels
484:
479:
473:
472:
456:
453:
452:
451:
445:
435:
425:
419:
412:
406:
400:
392:
389:
214:
211:
182:Rabula Gospels
160:
159:
149:
145:
144:
139:
135:
134:
131:
127:
126:
123:
119:
118:
113:
109:
108:
101:
97:
96:
93:
89:
88:
83:
79:
78:
51:
43:
42:
35:
34:
26:
24:
18:Rabula Gospels
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
880:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
835:
833:
812:
811:
807:
805:
804:
800:
798:
797:
793:
792:
790:
786:
780:
779:
775:
774:
772:
768:
762:
761:
757:
755:
754:
750:
749:
747:
743:
737:
736:
732:
730:
729:
725:
724:
722:
718:
713:
711:
707:
698:
693:
691:
686:
684:
679:
678:
675:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
650:
647:
644:
643:
639:
632:
627:
622:
617:
614:
613:9780870991790
610:
606:
602:
601:
596:
593:
590:
586:
585:
581:
566:
562:
556:
553:
550:
544:
541:
538:
533:
530:
526:
520:
518:
514:
507:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
474:
470:
459:
454:
450:
446:
444:
440:
436:
434:
430:
426:
424:
420:
417:
413:
411:
407:
405:
401:
399:
395:
394:
390:
388:
385:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
362:Maipuc-Byblos
358:
355:
346:
341:
337:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
274:
272:
268:
263:
252:
248:
244:
239:
224:
219:
212:
210:
207:
205:
201:
200:expressionism
197:
193:
190:
187:
183:
179:
171:
166:
157:
153:
150:
146:
143:
140:
136:
133:34 cm × 27 cm
132:
128:
124:
120:
117:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
87:
84:
80:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
49:
44:
41:, Plut. I, 56
40:
36:
31:
19:
838:Gospel Books
808:
801:
794:
788:13th century
776:
770:10th century
758:
752:
751:
733:
726:
630:
620:
607:, New York,
598:
588:
568:. Retrieved
564:
555:
543:
532:
469:Bible portal
448:
438:
432:
428:
386:
359:
350:
345:canon tables
336:of his age.
275:
228:
208:
181:
177:
175:
54:canon tables
745:6th century
720:5th century
710:Manuscripts
334:iconography
290:Crucifixion
213:Description
204:iconography
192:Gospel Book
186:illuminated
112:Language(s)
86:Gospel Book
832:Categories
570:2017-11-23
508:References
249:in modern
447:fol. 14b
437:fol. 14a
427:fol. 13a
370:Quannubin
326:Chapter 1
298:Pentecost
294:Ascension
238:Bēṯ Zaḡbā
196:West Asia
170:Ascension
122:Scribe(s)
649:Archived
455:See also
421:fol. 9b
402:fol. 1b
396:fol. 1a
382:Florence
374:Maronite
314:Apostles
310:rainbows
267:Peshitta
232:ܒܝܬ ܙܓܒܐ
158:version)
156:Peshitta
148:Contents
107:or Syria
597:, ed.,
366:Lebanon
354:caption
302:zigzags
278:arcades
262:Rabbulā
243:Antioch
125:Rabbula
66:Matthew
611:
306:curves
292:, the
271:Syriac
247:Apamea
189:Syriac
142:Syriac
138:Script
116:Syriac
72:, and
549:JSTOR
318:Judas
256:ܪܒܘܠܐ
251:Syria
180:, or
609:ISBN
330:Acts
296:and
245:and
176:The
130:Size
92:Date
82:Type
74:Mark
70:Luke
62:John
380:in
328:of
95:586
834::
563:.
516:^
441:/
431:/
364:,
308:,
304:,
259:,
235:,
68:,
64:,
696:e
689:t
682:v
635:.
625:.
573:.
172:.
154:(
76:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
