214:
29:
3112:
3122:
3101:
3132:
508:
A special log periodic antenna with 18dB gain was placed at the
Shepparton site for the 1956 Olympics to target Europe for coverage of the games. It was directed 128 degrees (E by SE) at the long path across the South Pacific, Central America and the North Atlantic to Europe. The path was open on the
435:
In 1988, three STC 10 kW transmitters were relocated from the
Lyndhurst site which had recently closed. Also relocated from Lyndhurst was a rotatable log periodic antenna, locked in direction towards Papua New Guinea. Scheduled transmissions commenced 7 May 1989 on 6020 kHz. A second phase
419:
In 1941, the PMGD acquired a site and then established transmission facilities at Bald Hills, then to the north of
Brisbane, now a suburb of Brisbane. The site was principally intended for the AM national broadcasting services 4QG and 4QR, but also for ABC HF Inland Service to serve remote northwest
720:
of responsibility for the attempted coup, and was told, "Radio
Australia should not give the impression that the army alone was acting against the PKI. Civilian organisations should be mentioned as often as possible. ... Reports should never imply that the army or its supporters were in any way
738:
explained his guidance to the radio station by saying "Radio
Australia should, by careful selection of its news items, not do anything which would be helpful to the PKI and should highlight reports tending to discredit the PKI and show its involvement in the losing cause of the 30th September
362:
In the 1970s, test transmissions began from the 250 kW transmitter early in
December 1975 and official test broadcasts began a couple of weeks later on 20 December 1975, the second transmitter was the 100 kW Harris and this unit began test broadcasts on 15 February in 1976, third
636:, hosted by Samoan-Australian music journalist, broadcaster, and content producer Sosefina Fuamoli. It features well-known artists from around the Pacific region, such as Tiana Khasi, Sprigga Mek, and Joji Malani, and is broadcast to Papua New Guinea, Fiji, and Samoa. Fuamoli wrote for
699:
for its propaganda broadcasts that contributed to the anti-Communist hysteria in
Indonesia. At the time Radio Australia was the most popular foreign radio station in Indonesia and had a high signal strength. It was popular with students as it was the only station in Indonesia to play
436:
of implementation commenced shortly thereafter with the installation of two TCI curtain arrays, one beamed towards PNG and the other towards the Coral Sea and beyond (Solomon
Islands and Vanuatu). Portion of the antenna was salvaged from the cyclone damaged Cox Peninsula facility.
444:
On 14–15 March 2020 the
Shepparton and District Amateur Radio Club organised a special event station VI3RA, with amateur radio operators connecting their equipment to the disused antenna arrays at the Shepparton site in order to communicate with amateur radio operators worldwide.
715:
gave daily guidance to Radio
Australia over its Indonesian broadcasts, instructed it on the topics it should report on and the phrases it should use, and often edited the station's programming. Radio Australia was instructed to not broadcast disavowals by the
509:
25 m Band for about two hours in the morning (Europe). A 50 kW transmitter was used to drive it. A daily program for Europe was maintained for a long time. The transmisisons for Asia (with opposite direction of 308 degrees) were easily received in Europe.
329:
In almost 80 years of terrestrial service, Radio Australia has utilised a wide range of transmission facilities for delivery of its programmes to target areas, both from within Australia and from established international broadcasting sites overseas.
317:
announced it had negotiated a review of the reach of Australian broadcasting services in the Asia Pacific region, including examining if short-wave technology should be included in the Government's Media Reform Bill.
732:, and told the station to not compromise the Army's position. He said Radio Australia's broadcasts were "excellent propaganda and of assistance to the anti-PKI forces" and "we must be a bit dishonest for a while."
221:
Radio Australia had a considerable range of broadcasts to the Asian region in the 1970s and 1980s, and was hugely popular in China, where the only alternative was the state media controlled by the
285:
in 2015; short-wave transmission is capable of reaching remote islands without FM services, enabling the provision of emergency information and warnings. ABC's former frequencies were bought by
505:
via shortwave, some of its transmissions could be heard in those areas. ABC Radio Australia's satellite signals also broadcasts to the Indo-Pacific via Intelsat-18 and Intelsat-20 satellites.
578:
was first launched in April 1998, and it runs until August 2014 after sixteen years on air. Schedule changes by ABC Radio Australia in 2013 saw the show lose its domestic radio audience.
708:
gave Radio Australia daily briefings on what it should report and what phrases should be used. The station was instructed to report manipulations of the truth as if they were facts.
163:
Radio Australia broadcasts on FM transmitters in seven countries across the Pacific Islands, to the Indo-Pacific region via satellite, and to the rest of world via online streaming.
3168:
3158:
794:
987:
432:
252:
services, as well as shutting down the short-wave transmitter to South-East and North-East Asia. This move was condemned by newspaper editors (including that of
1745:
1339:
712:
3084:
3056:
3051:
2076:
1334:
309:
groups and fishermen, who argue it was done without community consultation and would deprive people in remote areas of vital emergency warnings, leading to
3178:
1994:
363:
transmitter, rated at 300 kW and designated as VLM, was taken into regular service on 6 May 1984, and the station was finally closed on 31 July 1996.
885:
421:
2017:
751:
233:
742:
The propaganda encouraged militias and civilians to participate in the slaughter, and justifying the killings through the demonisation of the victims.
229:
the Darwin station provided valuable information and support to expatriate Australians caught in Iraq, and others working in places like Saudi Arabia.
3183:
670:, among other publications, and she has acted as a judge in many major music awards. In 2020, she won the award for best Live Music Journalist at the
865:
696:
1104:
3078:
1916:
3073:
3063:
3043:
2845:
1622:
952:
354:. The site was completed in 1944 with one 50 kW and two 100 kW transmitters. The station was then formally named Radio Australia.
976:
789:
586:
Radio Australia's English language programs consist of material produced by ABC Radio Australia, and also other ABC radio networks such as
1911:
1896:
999:
926:
3163:
3068:
2914:
2003:
1042:
145:
67:
1611:
The Great Killings in Indonesia through the Australian Mass Media / Pembunuhan Massal di Indonesia dalam Tinjauan Media Massa Australia
3173:
2840:
372:
199:
1195:
2934:
1738:
1683:
1081:
901:
846:
431:
The high power ABC AM station, 4QN Townsville, had been operating from a site at Brandon, south of Townsville since the early 1950s.
262:" in the region. The Mansfield Review which had led to the cuts also suggested that international television could be supported by
2719:
2267:
2069:
2830:
1987:
2825:
2376:
266:. Due to financial and political pressures transmissions from Darwin's Cox Peninsula were also shut down in the late 1990s.
2850:
642:
from about 2011 until 2018, taking up the position of editor-in-chief in January 2016. She left to start to a new role at
521:
3135:
3125:
2886:
2783:
2326:
2093:
2038:
1906:
1886:
1731:
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298:
1156:
780:
ABC Pacific is the ABC's new digital home for the best Pacific Islands content from across the ABC website since 2022.
3115:
2622:
2062:
1881:
1841:
728:, encouraged Radio Australia to report manipulations and misconstructions of the truth in line with requests from the
180:
2974:
2896:
2835:
2542:
2043:
1980:
1901:
1796:
1413:
1178:
1134:
671:
603:
420:
Queensland. From late 1973 to 1976 the site relayed the Radio Australia Papua New Guinea service on 11880 kHz.
380:
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2707:
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2381:
2314:
2141:
1781:
1221:
286:
1248:
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2235:
2121:
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2647:
2547:
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2111:
2106:
648:
351:
222:
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2652:
2467:
2412:
2407:
2220:
2185:
2768:
2572:
2537:
2457:
2437:
2359:
2247:
2168:
1891:
1856:
1614:
343:
1409:"'Keep the Indonesian Pot Boiling': Western Covert Intervention in Indonesia, October 1965–March 1966"
1112:
2682:
2642:
2612:
2369:
2304:
2195:
1931:
1522:
1518:"Neither Truth nor Reconciliation: Why Indonesia's Army Wants the Country to Forget its Darkest Year"
766:
392:
347:
290:
1831:
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2632:
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2210:
2151:
2136:
1951:
1408:
536:
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1861:
313:
introducing legislation to force ABC to reinstate short-wave radio service. In September 2017 the
2919:
2876:
2807:
2677:
2607:
2582:
2517:
2364:
2085:
1946:
1547:
1438:
339:
314:
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over axing short-wave radio broadcasting in February 2017. The decision attracted criticism from
241:
149:
1642:
321:
In December 2019, ABC Radio Australia celebrated 80 years of international radio broadcasting.
2959:
2881:
2795:
2778:
2741:
2627:
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on 25 December 1974, and Radio Australia broadcasts from this locality were not reinstated by
306:
237:
186:
on 20 December 1939. One of the functions of Australian shortwave broadcasting was to counter
179:
services from the Australian Broadcasting Corporation were officially opened in a ceremony by
1705:
927:"Australia Calling: A look at 80 years of Radio Australia and ABC international broadcasting"
95:
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2800:
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1654:
1531:
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1422:
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1298:
1000:"'Australian soft power': A look back at how the ABC once ruled the Asia Pacific's airwaves"
770:
735:
607:
494:
482:
462:
458:
294:
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153:
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was a regional news and current affairs program broadcast from Tuesday to Saturday at 12:05
2592:
2447:
2215:
2178:
1956:
1846:
1806:
1766:
953:"ABC boss Michelle Guthrie grilled in Senate Estimates over axing shortwave radio service"
868:(Report). Research Paper Series, 2014–15. Parliament of Australia, Parliamentary Library.
729:
705:
587:
574:, for a domestic audience, from around or before 2009. It was created by Radio Australia,
490:
478:
400:
281:, expressed concern, with his country having been helped by the short-wave service during
249:
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28:
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388:
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in the late 1960s, rebroadcasting programs emanating from Radio Australia studios in
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1961:
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141:
1921:
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pro-Western or right wing." Radio Australia faithfully followed these guidelines.
3017:
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524:(FBC) in July 2012. Radio Australia can be heard on 106.6FM in main cities of
259:
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transmission through negotiations with the Ministry of Information and the
258:) and politicians alike, who saw the loss of Australia's ability to wield "
198:
were much weaker than the Japanese or German services. The transmitter of
3002:
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1142:
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1717:
1487:
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106:
1517:
674:. In 2021, she began hosting "Window Seat" on community radio station
3027:
2987:
2309:
2101:
2054:
1034:
660:
203:
1972:
632:
On 4 July 2023, Radio Australia launched its new weekly music show,
516:
across Canada during their overnight broadcast. The station resumed
1273:
3012:
2949:
2257:
1335:"Australia's Role in the 1965-66 Communist Massacres in Indonesia"
212:
1712:
1163:. (From "About us" tab on the Asia Pacific page.). Archived from
101:
2954:
675:
525:
517:
457:
region. Programming was broadcast in multiple languages, namely
263:
207:
2058:
1976:
1727:
896:
Wood, James. History of International Broadcasting. 2000, IET.
453:
Radio Australia's short-wave signal was primarily aimed at the
236:, but Radio Australia's budget was cut significantly under the
2200:
1811:
1700:
90:
547:
ensuring good network connectivity for listeners in Europe.
1196:"ABC Radio Australia launches new music show On The Record"
750:
ABC's Asia Pacific television network, as of 2021 known as
350:
was selected, in part because of a flat landscape and soil
501:
in French. Though Radio Australia did not directly target
977:
Xenephon leads calls for ABC to reinstate shortwave radio
1577:"The role of propaganda during the Indonesian massacres"
535:. These services are streamed from machines hosted by
210:
of power, and stations VLR and VLW had 2 kW each.
925:
Vincent, Michael; Walsh, Michael (16 December 2019).
3036:
2973:
2895:
2859:
2816:
2757:
2691:
2400:
2092:
2031:
2010:
839:
Making Radio: A Practical Guide to Working in Radio
113:
83:
73:
63:
55:
45:
35:
795:History of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation
754:, has been broadcasting to the region since 1993.
371:A new transmitting facility was installed by the
194:, particularly that of Japan. However, the ABC's
1676:Australia Calling. The ABC Radio Australia Story
761:presence for international audiences; the iview
531:Radio Australia programs are also available via
16:International broadcasting service of Australia
2070:
1988:
1739:
1340:Australian Institute of International Affairs
8:
859:
857:
855:
338:In 1941, following consultation between the
269:In January 2017 the ABC terminated its last
21:
3085:Global telecommunications regulation bodies
1647:Australian Journal of International Affairs
1570:
1568:
1249:"A Week in the Life Of... Sosefina Fuamoli"
695:Radio Australia has been implicated in the
3121:
2077:
2063:
2055:
1995:
1981:
1973:
1746:
1732:
1724:
1190:
1188:
988:ABC short-wave broadcasting to the Pacific
814:"How can I listen to ABC Radio Australia?"
403:. The antennas were largely demolished by
27:
20:
3169:News and talk radio stations in Australia
3159:Australian Broadcasting Corporation radio
1643:"Radio Australia in the Second World War"
1604:
1602:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1222:"AU Review turns ten years old, rebrands"
920:
918:
916:
914:
912:
910:
713:Australian Department of External Affairs
1465:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1320:
805:
512:Radio Australia could also be heard on
1333:Millott, Marlene (30 September 2015).
1170:
951:Stephanie Zillman (28 February 2017).
440:Shepparton, Vic – Amateur Radio (2020)
1947:Voice of the Islamic Republic of Iran
1470:Henry, Adam Hughes (1 January 2014).
415:Bald Hills, Brisbane, Qld (1973–1976)
391:250 kW HF transmitters and five
367:Cox Peninsula, Darwin, NT (1966–1997)
7:
3131:
790:History of broadcasting in Australia
497:). A daily Pacific news bulletin is
1917:RadiodifusiĂłn Argentina al Exterior
1043:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
697:Indonesian mass killings of 1965–66
146:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
144:and online service operated by the
68:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
3179:Radio stations established in 1939
273:broadcasts to the Pacific region.
200:Amalgamated Wireless (Australasia)
14:
1407:Easter, David (1 February 2005).
1247:Cochran, Tyne (9 November 2020).
1105:"Radio Australia returns to Fiji"
1082:Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
1063:transmission schedules of 1973,ff
217:RA English schedule, January 1989
3184:Defunct shortwave radio stations
3130:
3120:
3111:
3110:
3099:
2720:Free-space optical communication
1103:Gassin, Timothy (10 July 2012).
746:Other international ABC services
706:Indonesian National Armed Forces
691:Indonesian killings in 1965–1966
1867:Radio New Zealand International
864:Jolley, Rhonda (11 July 2014).
373:Postmaster-General's Department
1641:Hodge, Errol (20 March 1992).
1476:Genocide Studies International
1141:. Asia Pacific. Archived from
866:The ABC: an overview (updated)
622:'s SBS Gagana Samoan program.
232:In 1993, the ABC launched its
1:
765:is available via an app, and
522:Fiji Broadcasting Corporation
240:, causing the closure of its
234:international TV broadcasting
3106:Telecommunication portal
2887:Telecommunications equipment
2039:ABC News and Current Affairs
1907:Radio Thailand World Service
1887:Radio Slovakia International
2623:Alexander Stepanovich Popov
1882:Radio Romania International
1842:Radio France Internationale
1767:Akashvani (All India Radio)
1575:Henry, Adam Hughes (2014).
1427:10.1080/1468274042000283144
1035:"Pacifique sans frontières"
841:. 2000, Allen & Unwin.
724:The Australian ambassador,
646:. Her work has appeared in
387:. Equipment included three
334:Shepparton, Vic (1941–2017)
181:Prime Minister of Australia
3200:
3164:International broadcasters
2327:Telecommunications history
2044:International broadcasting
1902:Radio Taiwan International
1797:Israel Radio International
1674:Kafcaloudes, Phil (2022).
757:The ABC has increased its
672:National Live Music Awards
3174:Multilingual broadcasters
3094:
2935:Public Switched Telephone
2747:telecommunication circuit
2708:Fiber-optic communication
2453:Francis Blake (telephone)
2248:Optical telecommunication
1912:Radio Tunis International
1782:China Radio International
1772:Banns Radio International
1762:
1659:10.1080/10357719208445076
1370:"Accomplice to atrocity?"
1253:Music Industry Inside Out
358:Carnarvon, WA (1976–1996)
287:China Radio International
227:first Gulf War in 1990/91
152:. Most programming is in
26:
2846:Orbital angular-momentum
2283:Satellite communications
2122:Communications satellite
1609:Tanter, Richard (2013).
1536:10.1215/07402775-3813099
1516:Sambhi, Natalie (2016).
427:Brandon, Qld (1989–2015)
346:, a transmitter site in
2725:Molecular communication
2548:Gardiner Greene Hubbard
2377:Undersea telegraph line
2112:Cable protection system
649:Rolling Stone Australia
325:Transmission facilities
223:Chinese Communist Party
140:, is the international
2867:Communication protocol
2653:Charles Sumner Tainter
2468:Walter Houser Brattain
2413:Edwin Howard Armstrong
2221:Information revolution
1472:"Polluting the Waters"
1177:: CS1 maint: others (
682:, where she is based.
344:Australian governments
218:
2841:Polarization-division
2573:Narinder Singh Kapany
2538:Erna Schneider Hoover
2458:Jagadish Chandra Bose
2438:Alexander Graham Bell
2169:online video platform
1615:Kompas Gramedia Group
1074:"CBC Radio Overnight"
718:Communist Party (PKI)
393:log-periodic antennas
216:
2683:Vladimir K. Zworykin
2643:Almon Brown Strowger
2613:Charles Grafton Page
2268:Prepaid mobile phone
2196:Electrical telegraph
1932:United Nations Radio
1617:. pp. 129–144.
1523:World Policy Journal
566:am and repeated at 5
348:Shepparton, Victoria
291:national broadcaster
2633:Johann Philipp Reis
2392:Wireless revolution
2354:The Telephone Cases
2211:Hydraulic telegraph
1952:Voice of the Strait
1756:World Radio Network
1167:on 1 December 2009.
1145:on 5 December 2009.
1039:ABC Radio Australia
537:Akamai Technologies
493:commonly spoken in
297:was grilled in the
277:'s prime minister,
148:(ABC), Australia's
134:ABC Radio Australia
23:
22:ABC Radio Australia
2831:Frequency-division
2808:Telephone exchange
2678:Charles Wheatstone
2608:Jun-ichi Nishizawa
2583:Innocenzo Manzetti
2518:Reginald Fessenden
2253:Optical telegraphy
2086:Telecommunications
1678:. Tas Food Books.
1488:10.3138/gsi.8.2.03
1368:Millott, Marlene.
1139:ABC Radio National
1006:. 16 December 2019
604:Triple J Unearthed
592:ABC Radio National
411:until about 1988.
315:Nick Xenophon Team
219:
172:Programme Delivery
150:public broadcaster
3144:
3143:
2882:Store and forward
2877:Data transmission
2791:Network switching
2742:Transmission line
2588:Guglielmo Marconi
2553:Internet pioneers
2418:Mohamed M. Atalla
2387:Whistled language
2052:
2051:
2004:ABC International
1970:
1969:
1852:Radio Havana Cuba
1624:978-979-22-9872-7
1226:Foldback Media NT
1135:"Latest programs"
763:streaming service
409:Telecom Australia
307:Indigenous ranger
238:Howard government
131:
130:
3191:
3134:
3133:
3124:
3123:
3114:
3113:
3104:
3103:
3102:
2975:Notable networks
2965:Wireless network
2905:Cellular network
2897:Types of network
2872:Computer network
2759:Network topology
2673:Thomas A. Watson
2528:Oliver Heaviside
2513:Philo Farnsworth
2488:Daniel Davis Jr.
2463:Charles Bourseul
2423:John Logie Baird
2132:Data compression
2127:Computer network
2079:
2072:
2065:
2056:
1997:
1990:
1983:
1974:
1748:
1741:
1734:
1725:
1715:
1703:
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1606:
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1558:
1513:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1467:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1414:Cold War History
1404:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1375:Inside Indonesia
1365:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1330:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1278:Sosefina Fuamoli
1270:
1264:
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1218:
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1183:
1182:
1176:
1168:
1153:
1147:
1146:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1111:. Archived from
1100:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1078:CBC Radio Canada
1070:
1064:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1031:
1025:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1013:
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861:
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835:
829:
828:
826:
824:
810:
771:Chinese-language
736:Richard Woolcott
569:
565:
495:Papua New Guinea
463:Mandarin Chinese
299:Senate Estimates
295:Michelle Guthrie
271:short-wave radio
136:, also known as
104:
93:
85:Official website
79:20 December 1939
31:
24:
3199:
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3100:
3098:
3090:
3032:
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2855:
2812:
2761:
2753:
2694:
2687:
2593:Robert Metcalfe
2448:Tim Berners-Lee
2396:
2216:Information Age
2088:
2083:
2053:
2048:
2027:
2023:Radio Australia
2006:
2001:
1971:
1966:
1957:Voice of Turkey
1847:Radio Guangdong
1827:Radio Australia
1807:KBS World Radio
1758:
1754:Members of the
1752:
1711:
1699:
1696:
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1673:
1640:
1637:
1635:Further reading
1632:
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1228:. 8 August 2018
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1161:Radio Australia
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1128:
1118:
1116:
1115:on 15 July 2012
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1024:Wood, 2000: 170
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786:
767:ABC News Online
748:
730:Indonesian Army
693:
688:
630:
588:ABC Local Radio
584:
567:
563:
557:
491:creole language
451:
442:
429:
417:
401:South-east Asia
369:
360:
336:
327:
174:
169:
156:, with some in
138:Radio Australia
100:
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51:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2663:Camille Tissot
2660:
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2638:Claude Shannon
2635:
2630:
2628:Tivadar Puskás
2625:
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2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2598:Antonio Meucci
2595:
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2543:Harold Hopkins
2540:
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2443:Emile Berliner
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2382:Videotelephony
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2164:Internet video
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2014:
2012:
2008:
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2002:
2000:
1999:
1992:
1985:
1977:
1968:
1967:
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1962:World of Radio
1959:
1954:
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1942:Voice of Korea
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1924:
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1879:
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1872:Radio Pakistan
1869:
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1837:Radio Exterior
1834:
1832:Radio Damascus
1829:
1824:
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1814:
1809:
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1792:Deutsche Welle
1789:
1787:Democracy Now!
1784:
1779:
1777:Channel Africa
1774:
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1694:External links
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1598:
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1530:(4): 102–109.
1508:
1482:(2): 153–175.
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1316:
1305:. 20 June 2023
1299:"Sose Fuamoli"
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837:Ahern, Steve.
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667:The Australian
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596:ABC Classic FM
583:
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572:Radio National
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368:
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303:cattle station
279:Charlot Salwai
255:The Australian
208:kilowatts (kW)
184:Robert Menzies
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2851:Code-division
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2836:Time-division
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2762:and switching
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2726:
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2713:optical fiber
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2703:Coaxial cable
2701:
2700:
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2618:Radia Perlman
2616:
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2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2508:Lee de Forest
2506:
2504:
2503:Thomas Edison
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2493:Donald Davies
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
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2478:Claude Chappe
2476:
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2325:
2323:
2322:Smoke signals
2320:
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2301:
2300:Semiconductor
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2159:Digital media
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2019:
2018:ABC Australia
2016:
2015:
2013:
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1991:
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1937:Vatican Radio
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1918:
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1892:Radio Sputnik
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1653:(1): 93–108.
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1202:. 6 July 2023
1201:
1200:About the ABC
1197:
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902:0-85296-920-1
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847:1-876351-07-1
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752:ABC Australia
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686:Controversies
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655:NME Australia
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639:The AU Review
635:
634:On The Record
628:
627:On the Record
625:
623:
621:
618:, as well as
617:
616:ABC NewsRadio
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503:North America
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405:Cyclone Tracy
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398:
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389:Collins Radio
386:
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377:Cox Peninsula
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59:International
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40:Radio network
38:
34:
30:
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3146:
2818:Multiplexing
2693:Transmission
2658:Nikola Tesla
2648:Henry Sutton
2603:Samuel Morse
2533:Robert Hooke
2498:Amos Dolbear
2433:John Bardeen
2352:
2332:Telautograph
2236:Mobile phone
2191:Edholm's law
2174:social media
2107:Broadcasting
2022:
1897:Radio Sweden
1877:Radio Prague
1862:Radio Kuwait
1826:
1817:Radio Poland
1706:Asia–Pacific
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1591:23 September
1589:. Retrieved
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56:Availability
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3018:NPL network
2730:Radio waves
2668:Alfred Vail
2578:Hedy Lamarr
2563:Dawon Kahng
2523:Elisha Gray
2483:Yogen Dalal
2408:Nasir Ahmed
2342:Teleprinter
2206:Heliographs
1857:Radio Japan
1713:ABC Pacific
1587:(1): 85–105
1581:ISAA Review
1119:25 November
936:25 November
823:25 November
818:ABC Pacific
739:movement."
582:Programming
293:. ABC boss
283:Cyclone Pam
202:(AWA) near
192:Axis powers
102:ABC Pacific
75:Launch date
3153:Categories
3064:Antarctica
3023:Toasternet
2945:Television
2428:Paul Baran
2360:Television
2344:(teletype)
2337:Telegraphy
2315:transistor
2293:Phryctoria
2263:Photophone
2241:Smartphone
2231:Mass media
1157:"About us"
801:References
777:articles.
726:Mick Shann
702:rock music
545:Luxembourg
471:Indonesian
467:Vietnamese
433:On the Air
422:On the Air
289:, China's
260:soft power
188:propaganda
177:Short-wave
3048:Americas
3037:Locations
3008:Internet2
2769:Bandwidth
2473:Vint Cerf
2370:streaming
2348:Telephone
2288:Semaphore
2179:streaming
1927:swissinfo
1667:1035-7718
1552:157578677
1544:1936-0924
1496:2291-1847
1443:153555254
1435:1468-2745
1109:Media Spy
1049:3 January
962:4 January
874:2203-5249
775:Tok Pisin
769:includes
680:Melbourne
620:SBS Radio
612:ABC Sport
551:Domestic
514:CBC Radio
487:Tok Pisin
397:East Asia
385:Melbourne
242:Cantonese
158:Tok Pisin
50:Australia
3116:Category
3003:Internet
2993:CYCLADES
2910:Ethernet
2860:Concepts
2784:terminal
2735:wireless
2558:Bob Kahn
2401:Pioneers
2226:Internet
2117:Cable TV
2032:See also
2011:Services
1701:ABC Asia
1173:cite web
1088:21 April
1004:ABC News
931:ABC News
904:, p. 169
784:See also
759:Internet
644:triple j
608:Double J
600:Triple J
541:Steinsel
305:owners,
114:Language
91:ABC Asia
3136:Commons
3126:Outline
3079:Oceania
2998:FidoNet
2983:ARPANET
2796:circuit
2365:digital
2094:History
1718:Pacific
879:16 June
555:program
499:podcast
483:Burmese
459:English
340:British
275:Vanuatu
206:had 10
190:by the
167:History
154:English
118:English
107:Pacific
46:Country
3074:Europe
3044:Africa
3028:Usenet
2988:BITNET
2925:Mobile
2801:packet
2310:MOSFET
2305:device
2102:Beacon
1682:
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1550:
1542:
1494:
1441:
1433:
1274:"Home"
1084:. 2011
1045:. 2010
1010:27 May
900:
872:
849:, p. 6
845:
704:. The
664:, and
661:Junkee
614:, and
570:am on
568:
564:
485:, and
479:French
381:Darwin
250:French
204:Sydney
126:French
122:Pidgin
3057:South
3052:North
3013:JANET
2950:Telex
2940:Radio
2779:Nodes
2774:Links
2695:media
2273:Radio
2258:Pager
2186:Drums
2152:video
2147:image
2137:audio
1548:S2CID
1439:S2CID
475:Khmer
379:near
64:Owner
3069:Asia
2955:UUCP
2915:ISDN
1680:ISBN
1663:ISSN
1619:ISBN
1593:2020
1559:2020
1540:ISSN
1503:2020
1492:ISSN
1450:2020
1431:ISSN
1383:2020
1348:2020
1311:2023
1285:2023
1260:2023
1234:2023
1208:2023
1179:link
1121:2022
1090:2011
1051:2011
1012:2024
964:2022
938:2022
898:ISBN
881:2021
870:ISSN
843:ISBN
825:2022
773:and
711:The
676:3RRR
526:Fiji
518:Fiji
399:and
342:and
264:DFAT
248:and
246:Thai
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2960:WAN
2930:NGN
2920:LAN
2201:Fax
2142:DCT
1922:RTÉ
1812:NPR
1802:KBR
1655:doi
1532:doi
1484:doi
1423:doi
1303:ABC
886:PDF
678:in
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