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1340:. He or she does not expect immediate feedback from any listeners. The message is broadcast across airwaves throughout the community, but there the listeners cannot always respond immediately, especially since many radio shows are recorded prior to the actual air time. Conversely, receivers can select opt-in or opt-out of getting broadcast messages using an Excel file, offering them control over the information they receive
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Webcast: the audience pays to recharge and buy virtual gifts for the anchor, and the platform converts the gifts into virtual currency. The anchor withdraws the virtual currency, which is drawn by the platform. If the anchor belongs to a trade union, it will be settled by the trade union and
125:). The receiving parties may include the general public or a relatively small subset; the point is that anyone with the appropriate receiving technology and equipment (e.g., a radio or television set) can receive the signal. The field of broadcasting includes both government-managed services such as
1323:
Broadcasting focuses on getting a message out and it is up to the general public to do what they wish with it. Peters also states that broadcasting is used to address an open-ended destination. There are many forms of broadcasting, but they all aim to distribute a signal that will reach the target
109:
evolved from its use as the agricultural method of sowing seeds in a field by casting them broadly about. It was later adopted for describing the widespread distribution of information by printed materials or by telegraph. Examples applying it to "one-to-many" radio transmissions of an individual
230:, Nova Scotia, Canada, became the world's first radio message to cross the Atlantic from North America. In 1904, a commercial service was established to transmit nightly news summaries to subscribing ships, which incorporated them into their onboard newspapers.
1319:
once the main source releases it. There is no way to predetermine how the larger population or audience will absorb the message. They can choose to listen, analyze, or ignore it. Dissemination in communication is widely used in the world of broadcasting.
443:
is used to retrieve the signal containing the visual or audio information. The broadcast signal can be either analog (signal is varied continuously with respect to the information) or digital (information is encoded as a set of discrete values).
614:): meant for direct-to-home broadcast programming (as opposed to studio network uplinks and down-links), provides a mix of traditional radio or television broadcast programming, or both, with dedicated satellite radio programming. (See also:
2075:"Информационно – развлекательный портал – DIWAXX.RU – мобильная связь, безопасность ПК и сетей, компьютеры и программы, общение, железо, секреты Windows, web-дизайн, раскрутка и оптимизация сайта, партнерские программы"
1733:(London), 14 October 1898, p. 815: "there are rare cases where, as Dr. Lodge once expressed it, it might be advantageous to 'shout' the message, spreading it broadcast to receivers in all directions".
366:
constraints on the representation. In general usage, broadcasting most frequently refers to the transmission of information and entertainment programming from various sources to the general public:
196:), are also considered broadcasts but do not necessarily require a license (though in some countries, a license is required). In the 2000s, transmissions of television and radio programs via
1617:
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telecast. American radio-network broadcasters habitually forbade prerecorded broadcasts in the 1930s and 1940s, requiring radio programs played for the
Eastern and Central
728:: for-profit, usually privately owned stations, channels, networks, or services providing programming to the public, supported by the sale of air time to advertisers for
1760:
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is a lens—sometimes a usefully distorting one—that helps us tackle basic issues such as interaction, presence, and space and time ... on the agenda of any future
1687:, 1877, p. 74: "in the case of the estimates sent broadcast by the Department of Agriculture, in its latest annual report, the extent has been sadly underestimated".
411:
The world's technological capacity to receive information through one-way broadcast networks more than quadrupled during the two decades from 1986 to 2007, from 432
5066:
1975:
1529:
971:
226:
by radio. Audio radio broadcasting began experimentally in the first decade of the 20th century. On 17 December 1902, a transmission from the
Marconi station in
1880:
1808:
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4418:
4059:
4031:
4026:
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248:
again accelerated the development of radio for the wartime purposes of aircraft and land communication, radio navigation, and radar. Development of stereo
801:
the live broadcasting platform, and the anchor will get the salary and part of the bonus. This is the most common profit model of live broadcast products.
4534:
435:
to numerous receivers. The high-frequency wave sent by the tower is modulated with a signal containing visual or audio information. The receiver is then
1722:
1699:
1680:
4143:
1925:
1710:, December 1886, p. 334: "operations formerly described in the city press alone, are now sent broadcast through the country by multiple telegraph".
821:(CPB), which is allocated bi-annually by Congress. US public broadcasting corporate and charitable grants are generally given in consideration of
2290:
2264:
1899:
992:, prerecorded broadcasts from war correspondents were allowed on U.S. radio. In addition, American radio programs were recorded for playback by
4823:
4291:
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2621:
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4412:
4048:
4038:
4018:
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2528:
2514:
2444:
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2228:
2162:
2039:
1951:
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1603:
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was initiated in the 1960s and moved into general industry usage in the 1970s, with DBS (Direct
Broadcast Satellites) emerging in the 1980s.
4390:
1556:
1523:
2593:
1002:
A disadvantage of recording first is that the public may learn the outcome of an event before the recording is broadcast, which may be a
252:
of radio began in the 1930s in the United States and the 1970s in the United
Kingdom, displacing AM as the dominant commercial standard.
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5019:
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3889:
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419:. This is the information equivalent of 55 newspapers per person per day in 1986, and 175 newspapers per person per day by 2007.
355:
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The final leg of broadcast distribution is how the signal gets to the listener or viewer. It may come over the air as with a
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1997:"video animation on The World's Technological Capacity to Store, Communicate, and Compute Information from 1986 to 2010"
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broadcasting (1881–1932): the earliest form of electronic broadcasting (not counting data services offered by stock
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is often used to distinguish networks that broadcast over-the-air television signals that can be received using a
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470:("Theatre Phone") systems, which were telephone-based distribution systems allowing subscribers to listen to live
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link, now usually by satellite. Distribution to stations or networks may also be through physical media, such as
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in the 1980s. Many events are advertised as being live, although they are often recorded live (sometimes called "
954:. The former allows correcting errors, and removing superfluous or undesired material, rearranging it, applying
291:, interrupted experiments resumed and television became an important home entertainment broadcast medium, using
5206:
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as "transmissions intended for reception by the general public, either direct or relayed". Private or two-way
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can include some of the aspects including slow-motion clips of important goals/hits, etc., in between the
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Telecommunications, Mass Media, and
Democracy: The Battle for the Control of U.S. Broadcasting, 1928–1935
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were the first examples of electrical/electronic broadcasting and offered a wide variety of programming.
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121:, though more recently, both radio and television transmissions have begun to be distributed by cable (
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Transmission of radio and television programs from a radio or television station to home receivers by
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can gather a large number of followers who tune in every day to specifically listen to that specific
1328:. Broadcasters typically arrange audiences into entire assemblies. In terms of media broadcasting, a
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beginning on 30 September 1929. However, for most of the 20th century, televisions depended on the
223:
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in general". Dissemination focuses on the message being relayed from one main source to one large
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222:, showing by 1901 that they could be transmitted across the Atlantic Ocean. This was the start of
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and repetitions, and other techniques to enhance the program. However, some live events like
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The first regular television broadcasts started in 1937. Broadcasts can be classified as
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began developing a wireless communication using the then-newly discovered phenomenon of
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1336:. The disc jockey follows the script for his or her radio show and just talks into the
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2265:"about.com – Broadcast Technician or Sound Engineering Technician: Career Information"
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Electronic Code of
Federal Regulation. (28 September 2017). Retrieved 2 October 2017.
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Electronic Media, A Guide to Trends in
Broadcasting and Newer Technologies 1920–1983
974:). This restriction was dropped for special occasions, as in the case of the German
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There are several means of providing financial support for continuous broadcasting:
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are excluded from the definition). Telephone broadcasting began with the advent of
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244:
began in the 1920s and became an important mass medium for entertainment and news.
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Crystal Clear: The
Struggle for Reliable Communications Technology in World War II
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which differ from commercial advertisements in that they are governed by specific
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demonstrated the transmission of moving pictures at the London department store
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digital technology have increasingly been referred to as broadcasting as well.
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restrictions, which prohibit the advocacy of a product or a "call to action".
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American
Broadcasting: A Source Book on the History of Radio and Television
28:
2587:
2584:, for American radio station with format, power, and coverage information.
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The Hand-book of Wyoming and Guide to the Black Hills and Big Horn Regions
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during or in breaks between programs, often in combination with cable or
412:
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283:. The first version of such a television to show promise was produced by
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The American Radio Industry and Its Latin American Activities, 1900–1939
2149:, Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications, Inc., pp. 211–222,
89:. Before this, most implementations of electronic communication (early
5253:
5221:
4681:
4636:
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4440:
3972:
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2409:
International bibliography – History of wireless and radio broadcasting
1413:, though one may now serve an entire station group in a city. In small
1247:. As with all technological endeavors, a number of technical terms and
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475:
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773:, by a community group to provide programs of local interest known as
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Historically, there have been several methods used for broadcasting
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are also essential parts of broadcast engineering, being their own
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Distribution of audio or audiovisual content to dispersed audiences
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145:. The U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, title 47, part 97 defines
90:
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in Downing, J., Mohammadi, A., and Sreberny-Mohammadi, A. (eds),
2190:"How to Send Broadcast Messages on WhatsApp Using an Excel File?"
970:
to be repeated three hours later for the Pacific time zone (See:
153:
transmissions do not qualify under this definition. For example,
4274:
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754:, audience memberships, contributions or a combination of these.
586:, but later expanding into a broad universe of cable-originated
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which were introduced in the 1890s, primarily located in large
161:(CB) radio operators are not allowed to broadcast. As defined,
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478:
performances over telephone lines, created by French inventor
296:
292:
271:. It formed the basis of experimental broadcasts done by the
105:, with the message intended for a single recipient. The term
78:, which came into popular use around 1920 with the spread of
2486:
Media at War: Radio's Challenge to the Newspapers, 1924–1939
2451:
International Radio Journalism: History, Theory and Practice
2223:. Graham Jones (4th ed.). Hoboken: Taylor and Francis.
1267:, often both simultaneously. By coding signals and having a
2267:. Careerplanning.about.com. 8 November 2010. Archived from
1857:
Living Stereo: Histories and Cultures of Multichannel Sound
287:
and demonstrated to his family on 7 September 1927. After
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785:; however, in some cases they may be operated by a local
110:
station to multiple listeners appeared as early as 1898.
1115:(ENG) returns a story to the station for inclusion on a
1263:
programs are distributed through radio broadcasting or
2549:
Stay Tuned: A Concise History of American Broadcasting
1251:
have developed. A list of these terms can be found at
1095:
the same programming at the same time, originally via
1087:
out to the world. Programming may also come through a
1243:
The sequencing of content in a broadcast is called a
482:
in 1881. Telephone broadcasting also grew to include
113:
Over-the-air broadcasting is usually associated with
1789:. Tesla Memorial Society of New York. Archived from
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from so-called networks that are broadcast only via
504:(experimentally from 1906, commercially from 1920);
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1759:. AlJazeera Media Training and Development Centre.
777:. Community stations are most commonly operated by
554:broadcasting (telecast), experimentally from 1925,
350:represents the original time-varying quantity as a
2220:A Broadcast Engineering Tutorial for Non-Engineers
2023:
1640:
1299:is a tool used for dissemination. Peters stated, "
1150:) via the station or directly from a network. The
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2324:, New York and London: Routledge, pp. 201–30
1883:. MZTV Museum of Television. 2006. Archived from
1315:in between. It is possible for the message to be
1038:performance. Similar situations have occurred in
558:from the 1930s: an extension of radio to include
4385:Multichannel Video and Data Distribution Service
2588:Jim Hawkins' Radio and Broadcast Technology Page
2030:(4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons. pp.
805:Broadcasters may rely on a combination of these
427:In a broadcast system, the central high-powered
192:(which also retransmits OTA stations with their
19:"Broadcast" redirects here. For other uses, see
2400:The Media Reader: Continuity and Transformation
1530:North American broadcast television frequencies
439:so as to pick up the high-frequency wave and a
334:to another quantity. For example, in an analog
2472:Invention and Innovation in the Radio Industry
2458:On the Air: The Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio
2349:(Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage 1995), pp. 39–53
1855:Théberge, P.; Devine, K.; Everrett, T (2015).
1752:Maccise, Diana Larrea; Montaser Marai (2018).
1022:broadcasts from Germany in the 1940s and with
972:Effects of time on North American broadcasting
415:of (optimally compressed) information, to 1.9
184:broadcasting and in most countries requires a
5060:
4476:
4137:
3045:
2615:
2521:This ... is CBS: A Chronicle of 60 Years
2331:, fourth edition (Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1984).
1647:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
1162:television to the recipient, especially with
306:Originally, all broadcasting was composed of
188:. Transmissions using a wire or cable, like
8:
4419:Multichannel multipoint distribution service
4152:Wireless video and data distribution methods
1982:, Martin Hilbert and Priscila López (2011),
1317:changed or corrupted by government officials
4060:Global telecommunications regulation bodies
2547:Sterling Christopher, and Kittross John M.
2495:(University of North Carolina Press, 1946).
2398:, in Mackay, H., and O'Sullivan, T. (eds),
1010:from deviating from an officially approved
871:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
689:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
5067:
5053:
5045:
4858:
4666:
4509:
4483:
4469:
4461:
4144:
4130:
4122:
4096:
3052:
3038:
3030:
2622:
2608:
2600:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2130:
1643:Inventing American Broadcasting, 1899–1922
1421:basis for one or more stations as needed.
314:techniques but in the 2000s, broadcasters
2359:Communication as…: Perspectives on Theory
2147:Communication as…: Perspectives on Theory
891:Learn how and when to remove this message
709:Learn how and when to remove this message
236:accelerated the development of radio for
2293:. skillset. 25 July 2012. Archived from
1708:Saint Louis Medical and Surgical Journal
1598:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
1389:Broadcast engineering involves both the
330:representing some other quantity, i.e.,
1584:
451:audio and video to the general public:
4292:Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service
2557:World Broadcasting: A Comparative View
2509:(University of Illinois Press, 1990).
2343:Mediating Communication: What Happens?
1805:"TR Center – Talking Across the Ocean"
1354:Broadcast engineering is the field of
1006:. Prerecording may be used to prevent
4413:Local multipoint distribution service
2502:(University of Illinois Press, 1960).
2212:
2210:
1999:. Ideas.economist.com. Archived from
1454:– contains the standards of the topic
809:. For example, in the United States,
7:
4391:Multipoint Video Distribution System
4106:
2402:(London: Sage, 1999), pp. 12–27
2085:from the original on 3 November 2017
1557:Television broadcasting in Australia
1524:Nonbroadcast Multiple Access Network
869:adding citations to reliable sources
687:adding citations to reliable sources
486:services for news and entertainment
2463:Ewbank Henry and Lawton Sherman P.
2439:(Syracuse University Press, 1984).
2383:from the original on 22 August 2022
2245:from the original on 25 August 2022
2171:from the original on 22 August 2022
819:Corporation for Public Broadcasting
2590:– History of broadcast transmitter
2465:Broadcasting: Radio and Television
2435:Covert Cathy, and Stevens John L.
2329:Documents of American Broadcasting
1954:from the original on 8 August 2022
1928:from the original on 8 August 2022
1811:from the original on 17 April 2021
757:Community broadcasting: a form of
240:. After the war, commercial radio
14:
2424:(Oxford University Press, 1968);
1766:from the original on 24 June 2021
1620:from the original on 30 July 2022
1458:Broadcasting in the United States
263:. Baird's device relied upon the
5608:
5607:
5262:
5017:
4336:Mobile broadband wireless access
4105:
4095:
4086:
4085:
4074:
3695:Free-space optical communication
2736:BitTorrent television and movies
2355:"Communication as Dissemination"
2143:"Communication as Dissemination"
841:
659:
508:signals sent through the air as
273:British Broadcasting Corporation
5127:Computer-mediated communication
2992:Director of network programming
1922:"Analogue Signal – an overview"
1898:Postman, Neil (29 March 1999).
1807:. theodorerooseveltcenter.org.
74:model. Broadcasting began with
4957:Error detection and correction
2694:Digital terrestrial television
2474:(The Macmillan Company, 1949).
2467:(Harper & Brothers, 1952).
1551:Society of Broadcast Engineers
494:cities. These telephone-based
62:, but typically one using the
1:
4374:Educational Broadband Service
2967:Television news screen layout
2596:– Broadcast Industry Glossary
2594:Indie Digital Cinema Services
2481:Oxford University Press, 1994
2460:Oxford University Press, 1998
632:
625:
608:
597:
342:varies continuously with the
267:and thus became known as the
5249:Text and conversation theory
4081:Telecommunication portal
3862:Telecommunications equipment
2934:Broadcast television systems
2840:Children's television series
2353:Peters, John Durham (2006),
2291:"Transmission Engineer – TV"
2141:Peters, John Durham (2006),
1592:Peters, John Durham (1999).
1494:List of broadcast satellites
1452:Broadcast television systems
1018:broadcast, as occurred with
5030:Comparison of radio systems
3598:Alexander Stepanovich Popov
2836:Children's interest channel
2437:Mass Media Between the Wars
1948:"Digital Signal Processing"
1830:Thompson, R.J. Jr. (2011).
1488:European Broadcasting Union
1417:the engineer may work on a
1386:of electrical engineering.
815:Public Broadcasting Service
431:transmits a high-frequency
344:pressure of the sound waves
338:, the instantaneous signal
5657:
5003:International broadcasting
4972:FM extended band in Brazil
4368:Advanced Wireless Services
4300:Digital Video Broadcasting
3302:Telecommunications history
2562:Greenwood Publishing Group
2064:, HowStuffWorks.com, 2006.
1639:Douglas, Susan J. (1987).
1499:List of broadcasting terms
1347:
1279:, the latter also enables
1253:List of broadcasting terms
1048:is recorded in front of a
797:or a municipal government.
624:of video/television (from
594:Direct-broadcast satellite
383:digital audio broadcasting
358:values which imposes some
326:. An analog signal is any
214:In 1894, Italian inventor
207:
60:mass communications medium
32:A broadcasting antenna in
21:Broadcast (disambiguation)
18:
5603:
5260:
5082:
5011:
4857:
4249:Satellite Internet access
4069:
3910:Public Switched Telephone
3722:telecommunication circuit
3683:Fiber-optic communication
3428:Francis Blake (telephone)
3223:Optical telecommunication
2942:Digital on-screen graphic
2855:Movie television channels
2831:Adult television channels
2367:10.4135/9781483329055.n23
2155:10.4135/9781483329055.n23
1950:. ScienceDirect Journal.
1859:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
1509:List of television awards
1358:, and now to some extent
1113:electronic news gathering
1071:, it is sent through the
734:television advertisements
5207:Nonviolent communication
5137:History of communication
3821:Orbital angular-momentum
3258:Satellite communications
3097:Communications satellite
2906:Women's interest channel
2533:Sterling Christopher H.
2493:The People Look at Radio
2488:Praeger Publishers, 1995
2322:Communication as Culture
1924:. ScienceDirect Topics.
1311:without the exchange of
1291:services. In his essay,
1166:allowing the signal and
1089:communications satellite
769:, is owned, operated or
631:) and audio/radio (from
64:electromagnetic spectrum
5202:Nonverbal communication
5192:Models of communication
4982:Shortwave relay station
4881:Audio signal processing
3700:Molecular communication
3523:Gardiner Greene Hubbard
3352:Undersea telegraph line
3087:Cable protection system
2770:Multichannel television
2760:Commercial broadcasting
2731:Peer-to-peer television
2523:(Prentice Hall, 1988).
2396:The Media and Modernity
2338:(Hastings House, 1975).
2105:"Broadcast Terminology"
1785:Vujovic, Ljubo (1998).
1170:to be shared. The term
1073:studio/transmitter link
1067:at a single station or
914:production control room
833:Recorded and live forms
726:Commercial broadcasting
238:military communications
210:History of broadcasting
54:content to a dispersed
4876:Audio data compression
4211:Terrestrial television
3842:Communication protocol
3628:Charles Sumner Tainter
3443:Walter Houser Brattain
3388:Edwin Howard Armstrong
3196:Information revolution
2850:Men's interest channel
2806:Religious broadcasting
2060:2 January 2016 at the
2022:Haykin, Simon (2001).
1562:Television transmitter
1364:information technology
1356:electrical engineering
1240:
1154:may also bring either
1138:, or may come through
1085:radio masts and towers
943:
929:
921:
578:(from 1932): both via
391:digital Radio Mondiale
301:Satellite broadcasting
36:
5354:Mediated cross-border
5076:Communication studies
4977:Multipath propagation
4800:MPEG-1 Audio Layer II
4670:Frequency allocations
4545:Frequency allocations
4228:Visual sensor network
3816:Polarization-division
3548:Narinder Singh Kapany
3513:Erna Schneider Hoover
3433:Jagadish Chandra Bose
3413:Alexander Graham Bell
3144:online video platform
2484:Gwenyth L. Jackaway;
2477:Robert W. McChesney;
2470:Maclaurin W. Rupert.
2347:Questioning The Media
2320:Carey, James (1989),
2026:Communication Systems
1910:on 30 September 2009.
1720:"Wireless Telegraphy"
1702:1 August 2020 at the
1697:"Medical Advertising"
1683:1 August 2020 at the
1595:Speaking into the Air
1442:Broadcast engineering
1350:Broadcast engineering
1344:Broadcast engineering
1225:
1040:television production
986:Lakehurst, New Jersey
935:
927:
908:
811:National Public Radio
538:broadcast syndication
496:subscription services
269:mechanical television
143:commercial television
31:
5289:Communication theory
5284:Communication design
4930:Technical (emission)
4223:Satellite television
3658:Vladimir K. Zworykin
3618:Almon Brown Strowger
3588:Charles Grafton Page
3243:Prepaid mobile phone
3171:Electrical telegraph
2999:Outside broadcasting
2498:Schramm Wilbur, ed.
2327:Kahn, Frank J., ed.
2271:on 18 September 2005
2217:Pizzi, Skip (2014).
1725:27 July 2020 at the
1579:Notes and references
1504:List of radio awards
1397:aspects (the entire
1360:computer engineering
1305:communication theory
1207:broadcast television
1198:satellite television
865:improve this section
683:improve this section
616:Satellite television
532:to broadcast common
433:electromagnetic wave
324:digital transmission
186:broadcasting license
4281:Long Term Evolution
4259:Wireless local loop
4201:Internet television
3608:Johann Philipp Reis
3367:Wireless revolution
3329:The Telephone Cases
3186:Hydraulic telegraph
2901:Sports broadcasting
2845:Documentary channel
2801:Public broadcasting
2708:Internet television
2500:Mass Communications
2491:Lazarsfeld Paul F.
2341:Meyrowitz, Joshua,
2115:on 16 November 2017
1978:31 May 2011 at the
1793:on 14 January 2016.
1754:"Mobile Journalism"
1366:, which deals with
1269:cable converter box
1212:television programs
1079:and hence from the
918:Olympia, Washington
744:Public broadcasting
644:Internet television
584:television stations
484:telephone newspaper
460:telegraph companies
375:digital audio radio
373:radio (AM, FM) vs.
312:analog transmission
224:wireless telegraphy
58:via any electronic
5639:Telecommunications
5319:Discourse analysis
5244:Telecommunications
5187:Meta-communication
4254:Wireless broadband
4196:Amateur television
4175:Radio broadcasting
3806:Frequency-division
3783:Telephone exchange
3653:Charles Wheatstone
3583:Jun-ichi Nishizawa
3558:Innocenzo Manzetti
3493:Reginald Fessenden
3228:Optical telegraphy
3061:Telecommunications
3014:Television licence
2982:Broadcast designer
2551:(Wadsworth, 1978).
2003:on 18 January 2012
1900:"Philo Farnsworth"
1546:Reality television
1478:Digital television
1293:John Durham Peters
1241:
1214:of such networks.
1186:television antenna
1128:television station
1081:television antenna
1069:television station
999:around the world.
994:Armed Forces Radio
988:, in 1937. During
944:
930:
922:
823:underwriting spots
763:television station
740:subscription fees.
516:, picked up by an
502:Radio broadcasting
401:digital television
255:On 25 March 1925,
176:is referred to as
169:are not the same.
151:telecommunications
83:radio transmitters
37:
5621:
5620:
5042:
5041:
5038:
5037:
4962:FM broadcast band
4869:Technical (audio)
4766:
4765:
4658:
4657:
4458:
4457:
4206:Mobile television
4119:
4118:
3857:Store and forward
3852:Data transmission
3766:Network switching
3717:Transmission line
3563:Guglielmo Marconi
3528:Internet pioneers
3393:Mohamed M. Atalla
3362:Whistled language
3027:
3026:
3019:Television studio
2987:Broadcast license
2974:Network affiliate
2957:On-screen display
2924:Broadcast network
2894:Livestreamed news
2884:Business channels
2879:News broadcasting
2796:Pirate television
2787:News broadcasting
2667:Mobile television
2543:978-0-275-91277-2
2537:(Praeger, 1984).
2529:978-0-13-919234-0
2515:978-0-252-01690-5
2445:978-0-8156-2307-6
2376:978-1-4129-0658-6
2230:978-1-317-90683-4
2164:978-1-4129-0658-6
2041:978-0-471-17869-9
1787:"Tesla Biography"
1654:978-0-8018-3832-3
1605:978-0-226-66276-3
1540:Radio Act of 1927
1535:Outside broadcast
1447:Broadcast quality
1432:Analog television
1403:remote broadcasts
1376:Audio engineering
1283:-based channels,
1234:Tulane University
1210:can refer to the
1173:broadcast network
1058:news broadcasting
960:sports television
911:television studio
901:
900:
893:
779:non-profit groups
775:local programming
719:
718:
711:
574:, from 1928) and
528:can be linked in
397:Analog television
346:. In contrast, a
328:continuous signal
216:Guglielmo Marconi
135:public television
5646:
5611:
5610:
5266:
5217:Public relations
5112:Biocommunication
5069:
5062:
5055:
5046:
5024:Radio portal
5022:
5021:
5020:
4998:History of radio
4942:AM expanded band
4859:
4742:Commercial radio
4667:
4510:
4485:
4478:
4471:
4462:
4244:Mobile broadband
4146:
4139:
4132:
4123:
4109:
4108:
4099:
4098:
4089:
4088:
4079:
4078:
4077:
3950:Notable networks
3940:Wireless network
3880:Cellular network
3872:Types of network
3847:Computer network
3734:Network topology
3648:Thomas A. Watson
3503:Oliver Heaviside
3488:Philo Farnsworth
3463:Daniel Davis Jr.
3438:Charles Bourseul
3398:John Logie Baird
3107:Data compression
3102:Computer network
3054:
3047:
3040:
3031:
2874:Shopping channel
2864:Music television
2624:
2617:
2610:
2601:
2430:A Tower in Babel
2391:
2390:
2388:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2287:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2276:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2214:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2138:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2111:. Archived from
2101:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2071:
2065:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2029:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2008:
1993:
1987:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1944:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1918:
1912:
1911:
1906:. Archived from
1895:
1889:
1888:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1852:
1846:
1845:
1827:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1782:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1765:
1758:
1749:
1743:
1740:
1734:
1717:
1711:
1694:
1688:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1646:
1636:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1589:
1483:Electronic media
1409:has a broadcast
1190:cable television
1140:cable television
896:
889:
885:
882:
876:
845:
837:
714:
707:
703:
700:
694:
663:
655:
637:
634:
630:
627:
613:
610:
602:
599:
576:cable television
449:electronic media
285:Philo Farnsworth
277:cathode ray tube
257:John Logie Baird
190:cable television
139:commercial radio
123:cable television
5656:
5655:
5649:
5648:
5647:
5645:
5644:
5643:
5624:
5623:
5622:
5617:
5599:
5388:
5267:
5258:
5105:
5103:
5096:
5078:
5073:
5043:
5034:
5018:
5016:
5007:
4986:
4967:FM broadcasting
4937:AM broadcasting
4925:
4885:
4864:
4853:
4809:
4762:
4736:
4705:Digital systems
4700:
4685:
4654:
4615:Digital systems
4610:
4539:
4501:
4489:
4459:
4454:
4444:
4424:
4401:
4263:
4232:
4184:
4180:Satellite radio
4153:
4150:
4120:
4115:
4075:
4073:
4065:
4007:
3944:
3866:
3830:
3787:
3736:
3728:
3669:
3662:
3568:Robert Metcalfe
3423:Tim Berners-Lee
3371:
3191:Information Age
3063:
3058:
3028:
3023:
2916:
2910:
2822:
2815:
2765:Community radio
2747:
2741:
2721:Streaming media
2633:
2628:
2578:
2519:Slater Robert.
2505:Schwoch James.
2456:John Dunning;
2453:Routledge, 1998
2417:
2415:Further reading
2405:
2386:
2384:
2377:
2352:
2316:
2311:
2310:
2300:
2298:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2274:
2272:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2248:
2246:
2231:
2216:
2215:
2208:
2198:
2196:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2174:
2172:
2165:
2140:
2139:
2128:
2118:
2116:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2088:
2086:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2062:Wayback Machine
2055:How Radio Works
2053:
2049:
2042:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2006:
2004:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1980:Wayback Machine
1971:
1967:
1957:
1955:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1931:
1929:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1887:on 14 May 2013.
1879:
1878:
1874:
1867:
1854:
1853:
1849:
1842:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1814:
1812:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1769:
1767:
1763:
1756:
1751:
1750:
1746:
1741:
1737:
1731:The Electrician
1727:Wayback Machine
1718:
1714:
1704:Wayback Machine
1695:
1691:
1685:Wayback Machine
1674:
1670:
1655:
1638:
1637:
1633:
1623:
1621:
1606:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1542:, United States
1427:
1374:broadcasting.
1352:
1346:
1220:
1160:streaming media
1083:located on the
1050:live television
964:live television
897:
886:
880:
877:
862:
846:
835:
807:business models
715:
704:
698:
695:
680:
664:
653:
651:Economic models
635:
628:
611:
605:satellite radio
600:
429:broadcast tower
425:
387:satellite radio
320:digital signals
250:FM broadcasting
242:AM broadcasting
212:
206:
131:community radio
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5654:
5653:
5650:
5642:
5641:
5636:
5626:
5625:
5619:
5618:
5616:
5615:
5604:
5601:
5600:
5598:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5396:
5394:
5390:
5389:
5387:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5359:Organizational
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5309:Cross-cultural
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5275:
5273:
5269:
5268:
5261:
5259:
5257:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5240:
5239:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5157:Intrapersonal
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5108:
5106:
5101:
5098:
5097:
5095:
5094:
5089:
5083:
5080:
5079:
5074:
5072:
5071:
5064:
5057:
5049:
5040:
5039:
5036:
5035:
5033:
5032:
5027:
5012:
5009:
5008:
5006:
5005:
5000:
4994:
4992:
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4931:
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4916:Kahn-Hazeltine
4913:
4908:
4903:
4897:
4895:
4887:
4886:
4884:
4883:
4878:
4872:
4870:
4866:
4865:
4863:Related topics
4862:
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4208:
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4177:
4172:
4170:Internet radio
4167:
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4159:
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4154:
4151:
4149:
4148:
4141:
4134:
4126:
4117:
4116:
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3808:
3803:
3801:Space-division
3797:
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3674:
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3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3638:Camille Tissot
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3613:Claude Shannon
3610:
3605:
3603:Tivadar Puskás
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3573:Antonio Meucci
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3543:Charles K. Kao
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3518:Harold Hopkins
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
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3430:
3425:
3420:
3418:Emile Berliner
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3379:
3377:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3357:Videotelephony
3354:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3342:
3332:
3325:
3320:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3260:
3255:
3253:Radiotelephone
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3139:Internet video
3131:
3130:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3073:
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3016:
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3006:
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2976:
2971:
2970:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2936:
2931:
2929:Broadcast-safe
2926:
2920:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2897:
2896:
2891:
2889:Public affairs
2886:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2833:
2827:
2825:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2789:
2784:
2783:
2782:
2777:
2775:Pay television
2767:
2762:
2757:
2751:
2749:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2739:
2733:
2728:
2726:Web television
2723:
2718:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2698:
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2598:
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2591:
2585:
2577:
2576:External links
2574:
2573:
2572:
2552:
2545:
2531:
2517:
2503:
2496:
2489:
2482:
2475:
2468:
2461:
2454:
2447:
2433:
2422:The Golden Web
2420:Barnouw Erik.
2416:
2413:
2412:
2411:
2404:
2403:
2394:Thompson, J.,
2392:
2375:
2350:
2339:
2332:
2325:
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2282:
2256:
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2181:
2163:
2126:
2096:
2066:
2047:
2040:
2014:
1988:
1965:
1939:
1913:
1890:
1881:"The Pioneers"
1872:
1865:
1847:
1840:
1822:
1796:
1777:
1744:
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1689:
1668:
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1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1401:), as well as
1380:RF engineering
1348:Main article:
1345:
1342:
1219:
1216:
1182:television set
1156:internet radio
1148:wireless cable
1136:radio receiver
1117:news programme
1045:The Cosby Show
997:radio stations
899:
898:
849:
847:
840:
834:
831:
813:(NPR) and the
803:
802:
798:
755:
741:
717:
716:
667:
665:
658:
652:
649:
648:
647:
640:Internet radio
619:
591:
565:
564:
563:
534:radio programs
530:radio networks
526:Radio stations
520:and sent to a
499:
462:from 1867, if
424:
421:
409:
408:
403:
394:
348:digital signal
308:analog signals
208:Main article:
205:
202:
137:, and private
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5652:
5651:
5640:
5637:
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5411:
5408:
5406:
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5398:
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5391:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5349:Media studies
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5339:International
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5324:Environmental
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5314:Developmental
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5294:Communicology
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5276:
5274:
5270:
5265:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
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5235:
5234:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5182:Media ecology
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5152:Interpersonal
5150:
5148:
5147:Intercultural
5145:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5122:Communication
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5109:
5107:
5099:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5084:
5081:
5077:
5070:
5065:
5063:
5058:
5056:
5051:
5050:
5047:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5025:
5014:
5013:
5010:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4995:
4993:
4989:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4952:Digital radio
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4934:
4932:
4928:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4888:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4873:
4871:
4867:
4860:
4856:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4812:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4777:
4775:
4773:
4769:
4757:
4754:
4753:
4752:
4749:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4739:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4709:
4707:
4703:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4674:
4672:
4668:
4665:
4661:
4651:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4617:
4613:
4606:
4602:
4599:
4596:
4592:
4588:
4584:
4581:
4578:
4574:
4571:
4568:
4564:
4561:
4558:
4554:
4551:
4550:
4548:
4546:
4542:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4522:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4511:
4508:
4504:
4500:
4497:
4496:digital audio
4493:
4486:
4481:
4479:
4474:
4472:
4467:
4466:
4463:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4433:
4431:
4427:
4420:
4417:
4414:
4411:
4410:
4408:
4404:
4398:
4395:
4392:
4389:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4375:
4372:
4369:
4366:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4346:
4342:
4341:IEEE 802.15.3
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4318:
4315:
4312:
4309:
4306:
4303:
4302:
4301:
4298:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4266:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4235:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4217:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4193:
4191:
4187:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4165:Digital radio
4163:
4162:
4160:
4156:
4147:
4142:
4140:
4135:
4133:
4128:
4127:
4124:
4112:
4104:
4102:
4094:
4092:
4084:
4082:
4072:
4071:
4068:
4061:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4024:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4010:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3955:
3953:
3951:
3947:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3873:
3869:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3833:
3827:
3826:Code-division
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3811:Time-division
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3794:
3790:
3784:
3781:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3767:
3764:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3739:
3737:and switching
3735:
3731:
3723:
3720:
3719:
3718:
3715:
3711:
3708:
3707:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3689:
3688:optical fiber
3686:
3685:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3678:Coaxial cable
3676:
3675:
3673:
3671:
3665:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3593:Radia Perlman
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3483:Lee de Forest
3481:
3479:
3478:Thomas Edison
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3468:Donald Davies
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3453:Claude Chappe
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3374:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3330:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3297:Smoke signals
3295:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3277:
3276:
3275:Semiconductor
3273:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3135:
3134:Digital media
3132:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3109:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3072:
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3066:
3062:
3055:
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3048:
3043:
3041:
3036:
3035:
3032:
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3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
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2943:
2940:
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2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2919:
2913:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2824:
2818:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
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2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
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2776:
2773:
2772:
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2768:
2766:
2763:
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2758:
2756:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2744:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2706:
2702:
2699:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2675:
2672:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2647:Radio program
2645:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2625:
2620:
2618:
2613:
2611:
2606:
2605:
2602:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2583:
2582:Radio Locator
2580:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2570:1-56750-245-8
2567:
2563:
2559:
2558:
2554:Wells, Alan,
2553:
2550:
2546:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2501:
2497:
2494:
2490:
2487:
2483:
2480:
2476:
2473:
2469:
2466:
2462:
2459:
2455:
2452:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2382:
2378:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2351:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2337:
2333:
2330:
2326:
2323:
2319:
2318:
2313:
2297:on 8 May 2007
2296:
2292:
2286:
2283:
2270:
2266:
2260:
2257:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2213:
2211:
2207:
2195:
2191:
2185:
2182:
2170:
2166:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2127:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2100:
2097:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2070:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2056:
2051:
2048:
2043:
2037:
2033:
2028:
2027:
2018:
2015:
2002:
1998:
1992:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1969:
1966:
1953:
1949:
1943:
1940:
1927:
1923:
1917:
1914:
1909:
1905:
1904:Time magazine
1901:
1894:
1891:
1886:
1882:
1876:
1873:
1868:
1866:9781623566654
1862:
1858:
1851:
1848:
1843:
1841:9781118104644
1837:
1833:
1826:
1823:
1810:
1806:
1800:
1797:
1792:
1788:
1781:
1778:
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1755:
1748:
1745:
1739:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1716:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1698:
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1690:
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1650:
1645:
1644:
1635:
1632:
1619:
1615:
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1607:
1601:
1597:
1596:
1588:
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1578:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1514:Narrowcasting
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1415:media markets
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1351:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1321:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1301:Dissemination
1298:
1297:communication
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1275:equipment in
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1228:
1227:Radio station
1224:
1218:Social impact
1217:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1208:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1124:radio station
1120:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1101:magnetic tape
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1000:
998:
995:
991:
987:
983:
982:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
942:
938:
934:
926:
920:, August 2008
919:
915:
912:
907:
903:
895:
892:
884:
874:
870:
866:
860:
859:
855:
850:This section
848:
844:
839:
838:
832:
830:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
799:
796:
795:cable company
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
767:radio station
764:
760:
756:
753:
749:
745:
742:
739:
735:
731:
727:
724:
723:
722:
713:
710:
702:
692:
688:
684:
678:
677:
673:
668:This section
666:
662:
657:
656:
650:
645:
641:
623:
620:
617:
606:
595:
592:
589:
585:
581:
580:coaxial cable
577:
573:
570:(also called
569:
566:
561:
557:
553:
550:
549:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
500:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
454:
453:
452:
450:
445:
442:
438:
434:
430:
422:
420:
418:
414:
407:
404:
402:
398:
395:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
369:
368:
367:
365:
364:dynamic range
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
304:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
253:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
229:
225:
221:
217:
211:
203:
201:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
170:
168:
164:
160:
159:citizens band
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
111:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
35:
30:
26:
22:
5634:Broadcasting
5132:Conversation
5117:Broadcasting
5116:
5015:
4499:broadcasting
4498:
4436:Broadcasting
4435:
4406:Technologies
4397:Wireless USB
4331:Mobile WiMAX
4287:5G New Radio
3793:Multiplexing
3668:Transmission
3633:Nikola Tesla
3623:Henry Sutton
3578:Samuel Morse
3508:Robert Hooke
3473:Amos Dolbear
3408:John Bardeen
3327:
3307:Telautograph
3211:Mobile phone
3166:Edholm's law
3149:social media
3082:Broadcasting
2978:Occupations
2869:Quiz channel
2792:Pirate radio
2780:Pay-per-view
2755:Campus radio
2746:Broadcasting
2631:Broadcasting
2630:
2556:
2548:
2534:
2520:
2506:
2499:
2492:
2485:
2478:
2471:
2464:
2457:
2450:
2436:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2399:
2395:
2385:, retrieved
2358:
2346:
2342:
2335:
2328:
2321:
2314:Bibliography
2299:. Retrieved
2295:the original
2285:
2273:. Retrieved
2269:the original
2259:
2247:. Retrieved
2219:
2197:. Retrieved
2194:getitsms.com
2193:
2184:
2173:, retrieved
2146:
2117:. Retrieved
2113:the original
2108:
2099:
2087:. Retrieved
2078:
2069:
2050:
2025:
2017:
2005:. Retrieved
2001:the original
1991:
1968:
1956:. Retrieved
1942:
1930:. Retrieved
1916:
1908:the original
1903:
1893:
1885:the original
1875:
1856:
1850:
1831:
1825:
1813:. Retrieved
1799:
1791:the original
1780:
1768:. Retrieved
1747:
1738:
1730:
1715:
1707:
1692:
1676:
1671:
1642:
1634:
1622:. Retrieved
1594:
1587:
1468:Frank Conrad
1388:
1353:
1322:
1289:pay-per-view
1281:subscription
1242:
1205:
1202:dish antenna
1200:that uses a
1171:
1164:multicasting
1121:
1105:compact disc
1065:radio studio
1062:
1043:
1024:Radio Moscow
1001:
990:World War II
984:disaster at
979:
951:
947:
945:
902:
887:
878:
863:Please help
851:
804:
783:cooperatives
752:underwriting
720:
705:
696:
681:Please help
669:
596:(DBS) (from
571:
556:commercially
536:, either in
480:Clément Ader
468:Théâtrophone
464:ticker-tapes
446:
426:
410:
371:Analog audio
354:sequence of
336:audio signal
331:
305:
289:World War II
279:invented by
254:
246:World War II
232:
213:
178:over the air
177:
171:
167:broadcasting
166:
163:transmitting
162:
157:("ham") and
147:broadcasting
146:
127:public radio
112:
107:broadcasting
106:
44:distribution
40:Broadcasting
39:
38:
25:
5279:Closed-loop
5142:Information
5104:terminology
4947:Cable radio
4890:Technical (
4650:DVB-T2 Lite
4506:Terrestrial
4305:Terrestrial
3993:NPL network
3705:Radio waves
3643:Alfred Vail
3553:Hedy Lamarr
3538:Dawon Kahng
3498:Elisha Gray
3458:Yogen Dalal
3383:Nasir Ahmed
3317:Teleprinter
3181:Heliographs
2952:News ticker
2947:Lower third
2917:and funding
2860:Music radio
2449:Tim Crook;
2426:The Sponsor
2119:11 November
2089:11 November
2007:26 December
1572:Wilkinsburg
1395:transmitter
1334:disc jockey
1295:wrote that
1238:New Orleans
1204:. The term
1144:cable radio
1077:transmitter
956:slow-motion
941:Switzerland
937:Radio Maria
881:August 2022
761:in which a
699:August 2022
636: 1994
629: 1993
612: 1990
601: 1974
568:Cable radio
546:subchannels
514:transmitter
510:radio waves
488:programming
441:demodulator
265:Nipkow disk
234:World War I
220:radio waves
182:terrestrial
174:radio waves
80:vacuum tube
72:one-to-many
68:radio waves
5628:Categories
5595:Wertheimer
5475:Horkheimer
5212:Propaganda
5167:Mass media
5162:Journalism
5102:Topics and
4829:DirectBand
4815:Subcarrier
4517:modulation
4039:Antarctica
3998:Toasternet
3920:Television
3403:Paul Baran
3335:Television
3319:(teletype)
3312:Telegraphy
3290:transistor
3268:Phryctoria
3238:Photophone
3216:Smartphone
3206:Mass media
3009:Press pool
2915:Production
2811:Talk radio
1567:Transposer
1372:television
1338:microphone
1330:radio show
1257:Television
1020:propaganda
1016:live radio
1008:announcers
981:Hindenburg
968:time zones
939:studio in
791:university
771:programmed
759:mass media
748:non-profit
746:: usually
622:Webcasting
552:Television
417:zettabytes
299:spectrum.
281:Karl Braun
261:Selfridges
119:television
103:one-to-one
5379:Technical
5364:Political
5272:Subfields
5197:New media
4892:AM stereo
4751:Sirius XM
4744:providers
4663:Satellite
4450:Microwave
4317:Satellite
4268:Standards
4023:Americas
4012:Locations
3983:Internet2
3744:Bandwidth
3448:Vint Cerf
3345:streaming
3323:Telephone
3263:Semaphore
3154:streaming
3004:Press box
2962:Score bug
2938:Graphics
2821:Specialty
2701:Satellite
2662:Satellite
2387:22 August
2249:30 August
2239:879025861
2175:22 August
2079:Diwaxx.ru
1834:. Wiley.
1624:22 August
1463:Cablecast
1405:. Every
1194:cablecast
1180:inside a
1168:bandwidth
1097:microwave
1093:simulcast
1014:during a
976:dirigible
852:does not
738:pay cable
670:does not
542:simulcast
456:Telephone
360:bandwidth
356:quantized
332:analogous
228:Glace Bay
198:streaming
180:(OTA) or
99:telegraph
95:telephone
87:receivers
34:Stuttgart
5613:Category
5565:Richards
5490:Jakobson
5470:Habermas
5425:Castells
5415:Benjamin
5393:Scholars
4991:Cultural
4921:Magnavox
4894:formats)
4844:SCA/SCMO
4839:RDS/RBDS
4642:HD Radio
4632:DRM/DRM+
4627:DAB/DAB+
4325:IEEE 802
4319:(DVB-S2)
4311:Handheld
4091:Category
3978:Internet
3968:CYCLADES
3885:Ethernet
3835:Concepts
3759:terminal
3710:wireless
3533:Bob Kahn
3376:Pioneers
3201:Internet
3092:Cable TV
2823:channels
2674:Teletext
2564:, 1996.
2428:(1978);
2381:archived
2301:3 August
2275:3 August
2243:Archived
2169:archived
2083:Archived
2058:Archived
1976:Archived
1958:8 August
1952:Archived
1932:8 August
1926:Archived
1815:12 March
1809:Archived
1761:Archived
1723:Archived
1700:Archived
1681:Archived
1663:15485739
1618:Archived
1614:40452957
1473:Dead air
1437:Bandplan
1425:See also
1419:contract
1411:engineer
1399:airchain
1326:audience
1313:dialogue
1309:audience
1273:decoding
1245:schedule
1232:studio,
1152:Internet
1054:audience
978:airship
948:recorded
588:channels
572:cable FM
562:signals.
522:receiver
492:European
413:exabytes
406:Wireless
379:HD radio
316:switched
76:AM radio
70:), in a
56:audience
5585:Tankard
5580:Shannon
5575:Schramm
5560:Quebral
5555:Postman
5545:Packard
5525:McLuhan
5520:Marcuse
5515:Luhmann
5510:Lippman
5505:Kincaid
5500:Johnson
5465:Goffman
5460:Gerbner
5450:Flusser
5430:Chomsky
5410:Bateson
5405:Barthes
5374:Science
5304:Climate
5254:Writing
5222:Reading
5172:Meaning
5092:Outline
5087:History
4817:signals
4785:AMR-WB+
4637:FMeXtra
4429:Related
4387:(MVDDS)
4327:family
4313:(DVB-H)
4307:(DVB-T)
4277:family
4216:Digital
4111:Commons
4101:Outline
4054:Oceania
3973:FidoNet
3958:ARPANET
3771:circuit
3340:digital
3069:History
2716:Webcast
2689:Digital
2657:Digital
2432:(1966).
2199:21 June
2109:Qsl.net
1984:Science
1770:24 June
1407:station
1384:subsets
1184:with a
1132:antenna
1075:to the
1056:") and
1052:studio
1036:concert
1004:spoiler
873:removed
858:sources
787:college
765:, or a
691:removed
676:sources
518:antenna
512:from a
476:theatre
423:Methods
385:(DAB),
352:sampled
340:voltage
204:History
194:consent
155:amateur
101:) were
42:is the
5590:Tannen
5570:Rogers
5550:Peirce
5535:Morgan
5480:Huxley
5455:Gasset
5445:Fisher
5400:Adorno
5384:Visual
5334:Health
5329:Global
5299:Crisis
5232:Symbol
5227:Speech
4911:Harris
4906:C-QUAM
4795:HE-AAC
4772:Codecs
4756:Canada
4722:DVB-SH
4696:S band
4691:L band
4677:C band
4601:L band
4492:Analog
4421:(MMDS)
4415:(LMDS)
4393:(MVDS)
4380:HomeRF
4294:(MBMS)
4049:Europe
4019:Africa
4003:Usenet
3963:BITNET
3900:Mobile
3776:packet
3285:MOSFET
3280:device
3077:Beacon
2679:Analog
2638:Medium
2568:
2541:
2527:
2513:
2443:
2373:
2237:
2227:
2161:
2038:
1863:
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1661:
1651:
1612:
1602:
1526:(NBMA)
1391:studio
1285:pay-tv
1130:to an
1107:(CD),
1012:script
607:(from
603:) and
322:using
310:using
97:, and
5495:Janis
5485:Innis
5440:Ellul
5435:Craig
5420:Burke
5177:Media
4901:Belar
4727:S-DMB
4717:DAB-S
4622:CAM-D
4535:COFDM
4514:Radio
4376:(EBS)
4370:(AWS)
4356:WiMAX
4351:Wi-Fi
4283:(LTE)
4189:Video
4158:Radio
4032:South
4027:North
3988:JANET
3925:Telex
3915:Radio
3754:Nodes
3749:Links
3670:media
3248:Radio
3233:Pager
3161:Drums
3127:video
3122:image
3112:audio
2748:niche
2712:radio
2684:Cable
2652:Cable
1764:(PDF)
1757:(PDF)
1553:(SBE)
1519:NaSTA
1490:(EBU)
1368:radio
1277:homes
1271:with
1265:cable
1261:radio
1249:slang
1196:) or
1178:tuner
730:radio
560:video
506:audio
472:opera
437:tuned
393:(DRM)
115:radio
91:radio
52:video
48:audio
5530:Mead
5369:Risk
5344:Mass
5237:list
4849:DARC
4824:AMSS
4805:DRA+
4686:band
4595:high
4494:and
4445:band
4361:WRAN
4275:3GPP
4237:Data
4044:Asia
3930:UUCP
3890:ISDN
2710:and
2566:ISBN
2539:ISBN
2525:ISBN
2511:ISBN
2441:ISBN
2389:2022
2371:ISBN
2303:2013
2277:2013
2251:2022
2235:OCLC
2225:ISBN
2201:2024
2177:2022
2159:ISBN
2121:2017
2091:2017
2036:ISBN
2034:–3.
2009:2011
1960:2022
1934:2022
1861:ISBN
1836:ISBN
1817:2021
1772:2021
1659:OCLC
1649:ISBN
1626:2022
1610:OCLC
1600:ISBN
1393:and
1378:and
1370:and
1362:and
1287:and
1259:and
1230:WTUL
1146:(or
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1030:-to-
1028:live
952:live
856:any
854:cite
793:, a
674:any
672:cite
642:and
474:and
399:vs.
389:and
362:and
295:and
165:and
141:and
133:and
117:and
85:and
5540:Ong
4834:PAD
4790:HDC
4780:AAC
4732:SDR
4712:ADR
4646:CDR
4605:UHF
4591:mid
4587:low
4583:VHF
4345:UWB
3935:WAN
3905:NGN
3895:LAN
3176:Fax
3117:DCT
2363:doi
2151:doi
1158:or
1142:or
1126:or
1109:DVD
950:or
916:in
867:by
827:FCC
789:or
781:or
732:or
685:by
544:or
381:),
318:to
297:UHF
293:VHF
50:or
46:of
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4573:SW
4567:MF
4563:MW
4557:LF
4553:LW
4530:FM
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