218:'s officers" justified privateering as necessary for the colony's defence, but in one letter of marque he authorized offensive attacks on Spanish holdings far from the Bahamas. Clarke's encouragement of privateering contravened and jeopardized the 1667 and 1670 treaties of Madrid, which established peace between the English and Spanish. On 19 January 1684 (O.S.), a Spanish expedition reduced the Bahamian settlements and defenses to ruins, carrying off the governor in chains, together with the inhabitants. Clarke was tortured to death and his body was
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100:
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Most of its buildings were burned, and the
Bahamas were left depopulated. Some 200 colonists sought refuge on Jamaica while another 50 from northern Eleuthera temporarily resettled in Casco (Maine), leaving the Bahamas devoid of Englishmen until 1686. Upon the departure of the Spaniards, the settlers
260:
of Capt. William Warren and another anchored vessel managed to escape across the bar, leaving the
Spaniards to pillage the remaining four ships and quickly ransack the town, loading their plunder aboard their largest prize before torching the rest and sailing away that same evening. Alarcón thereupon
242:
carrying 200 men. Having seized a woodcutting sloop off the island of Andros, Alarcón compelled its master
William Bell to pilot in via the eastern channel. At daybreak Alarcón disembarked 150 men within a half-mile outside Charles Town (later Nassau), while his corsair ships bore down upon the six
251:
Charles Town's population consisted of approximately 400 men capable of bearing arms plus perhaps 200 women, a like number of children, and 200 slaves. Taken utterly by surprise, they were incapable of mounting an effective defense. Former governor Robert Clarke was wounded and captured as he
261:
hastened across to northern
Eleuthera and visited a like treatment upon its English settlement, before returning to Charles Town on 15 November 1684 (O.S.) to set fire on its buildings and carry off numerous residents to
230:
claimed that Clarke died being roasted on a spit after the
Spaniards had captured him. The Bahamas subsequently remained devoid of any recognizable English presence until December 1686.
538:
979:
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Spain's corsair Juan de Alarcón stealthily approached to New
Providence with a commission issued by Governor José Fernández de Córdoba and a pair of
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265:. The Bahamas subsequently remained devoid of any recognizable English presence until December 1686, when a small contingent from
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attempted to mount a feeble countercharge, while his recently arrived successor Robert
Lilburne fled from his bedroom in the
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Islanders in the Stream: A History of the
Bahamian People: Volume 1: From Aboriginal Times to the End of Slavery
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under the preacher Thomas
Bridges reoccupied New Providence Island, where more colonists gradually joined them.
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pulled themselves together again and a new governor, Robert
Lilburne, came back from England.
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Historic cities of the Americas: an illustrated encyclopedia, Vol. 1
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who preyed on Spanish ships. Governor Clarke, described as "one of
256:, along with most other residents. The 10-gun New England frigate
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Under the Black Flag: Exploits of the Most Notorious Pirates
19:
For battles in the same place or in the surroundings, see
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Essays in the economic history of the Atlantic world
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389:The creation of the British Atlantic world
191:stronghold of Charles Town (later renamed
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336:
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222:after an approved judgement set by the
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391:. The Johns Hopkins University Press.
7:
14:
243:vessels anchored in its harbour.
177:on 19 January 1684 (O.S.) led by
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84:
476:Pirates of the Americas, Vol. 1
414:. University of Georgia Press.
168:Spanish raid on New Providence
1:
1075:Naval battles involving Spain
603:Capture of the Bahamas (1783)
598:Capture of the Bahamas (1782)
184:Juan de Alarcón against the
1050:17th century in the Bahamas
1096:
1080:Wars involving the Bahamas
429:McCusker, J. John (1997).
121:Gov. Robert Clarke (
18:
1060:Battles involving England
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862:
810:Agriculture and fisheries
805:
784:Security and intelligence
707:
630:
143:
136:
131:
112:
77:
33:
433:. Routledge Publishing.
328:Marley 2010, pp. 76–77.
573:Eleutheran Adventurers
502:. Dover Publications.
498:Seitz, Carlos (2002).
473:Marley, David (2010).
448:Marley, David (2005).
349:Craton/Saunders p. 99.
113:Commanders and leaders
1055:1684 in the Caribbean
588:Raid on Nassau (1720)
144:Casualties and losses
578:Raid on Charles Town
164:Raid on Charles Town
29:Raid on Charles Town
1022: /
383:Mancke, Elizabeth;
613:American Civil War
370:Marley 2010, p. 7.
296:Marley 2005, p. 5.
195:), capital of the
154:4 ships destroyed
1065:Conflicts in 1684
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774:Political parties
722:Foreign relations
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490:978-1-59884-201-2
406:Craton, Michael;
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149:Unknown, minimum.
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16:1684 Spanish Raid
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358:McCusker p. 179.
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254:Wheel of Fortune
175:naval expedition
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118:Juan de Alarcón
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69:Spanish victory
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41:19 January 1684
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987:Bibliography
932:Demographics
872:Coat of arms
662:Grand Bahama
577:
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189:privateering
167:
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156:1 ship taken
78:Belligerents
51:Charles Town
1029: /
912:LGBT rights
548:The Bahamas
258:Good Intent
224:Inquisition
59:West Indies
1044:Categories
1017:77°20′42″W
1014:25°03′36″N
954:Television
822:(currency)
757:Parliament
377:References
234:Background
212:privateers
206:harboured
907:Languages
887:Education
843:Transport
833:Squatting
732:Judiciary
717:Elections
623:Geography
273:Aftermath
139:2 vessels
996:Category
949:Religion
902:Holidays
838:Taxation
762:Building
752:Monarchy
700:Politics
674:Wildlife
645:Freeport
552:articles
481:ABC-CLIO
456:ABC-CLIO
410:(1999).
387:(2005).
216:Cromwell
170:, was a
137:201 men
132:Strength
46:Location
973:Outline
882:Culture
856:Society
820:Dollar
798:Economy
684:mammals
652:Islands
608:Slavery
560:History
314:p. 255.
312:Shammas
310:Mancke/
267:Jamaica
220:roasted
208:pirates
204:Bahamas
197:Bahamas
186:English
182:corsair
172:Spanish
106:England
55:Bahamas
944:Pledge
927:People
877:Creole
867:Anthem
669:Rivers
640:Nassau
635:Cities
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263:Havana
193:Nassau
103:
89:
66:Result
53:, the
980:Index
917:Music
897:Films
679:birds
282:Notes
179:Cuban
166:, or
92:Spain
892:Flag
504:ISBN
485:ISBN
460:ISBN
435:ISBN
416:ISBN
393:ISBN
247:Raid
210:and
202:The
162:The
38:Date
737:Law
124:POW
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363:^
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319:^
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57:,
540:e
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127:)
23:.
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