317:
valve which can admit air to the parking brake cylinders to release the parking brake, or release the air to apply the brake. On some modern vehicles the valve is operated electrically from a lever or button in the cab. The system is relatively safe since if air pressure is lost the springs will apply the brakes. Also, the system prevents the parking brake being released if there is insufficient air pressure to apply the foot brake. A disadvantage to this system is that if a vehicle requires towing and cannot provide its own air supply, an external supply must be provided to allow the parking brake to be released, or the brake shoes must be manually wound off against the springs.
313:
allows air or hydraulic pressure or vacuum into a cylinder which applies force to the brake shoes and makes applying the parking brake easier. When releasing the parking brake, the same mechanism also provides assistance to the driver in disengaging the ratchet. Particularly on commercial vehicles with air operated brakes, this has the added benefit of making it much harder or even impossible to release the parking brake when insufficient air pressure is available to operate the brakes. A reservoir or accumulator is usually provided so a limited amount of power assistance is available with the engine off.
236:
117:. This would prevent the car from rolling into the roadway by using the curb to block the front passenger tire in the event of a parking brake failure. Similarly, on a downhill gradient, the front wheels should face the curb for the same reason, and the wheels should face to the side of the road on which vehicles are driven on an uncurbed road regardless of orientation. In a manual transmission, leaving the car in first gear (or in reverse if pointing downhill) is also advised, as the
187:
281:, the parking brake either actuates the disc calipers (with much less force) or a small drum brake housed within the hub assembly (the inner circumference of the disc is often used instead of a separate drum). This secondary drum parking brake is often referred to as a banksia brake. It is usually used in conjunction with rear disc brakes employing multi-piston calipers, as mechanically actuating these calipers is more difficult than single piston calipers.
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159:, or simply waiting to turn in front of oncoming traffic. The parking brake would ensure the car is secure, should another vehicle come into physical contact from behind, causing the car to jolt forward. It is not recommended to use the parking brake when the vehicle is in-motion, unless there is a problem with the main brakes, as this can lock the back wheels and cause a skid. This is known as a
45:
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is equipped with manually operated mechanical hand brake devices that set and release the brakes. Most of these involve a chain linked to the brake rigging, most often at the brake cylinder, that when tightened pull the piston out against the releasing springs, thus applying the brakes on the car (if
268:
Many car manufacturers such as Jaguar, Land Rover, BMW, Renault, Subaru and
Volkswagen sell models whereby the parking brake automatically engages when the vehicle is stopped and is released when the gas pedal is pressed, eliminating the need for the driver to operate a button. An extension of this
366:
to move about the tops of cars, setting hand brakes on the engineer's signal in an effort to stop the train in a timely manner. This process was imprecise and extremely dangerous. Many brakemen lost life and limb as a result of falling from a moving train, icy and wet conditions often adding to the
316:
Power operated parking brakes are fitted to heavy commercial vehicles with air brakes, such as trucks and buses. These are usually spring applied, with air pressure being used to hold the brake off and powerful springs holding the brakes on. In most cases, a small lever in the cab is connected to a
231:
Some vehicles have the parking brake operated by a small foot pedal, located by the other pedals. Depressing the foot pedal would engage the brake and pressing it again will release it. A pull handle variation also exists; by pulling or releasing the handle, this engages and releases the parking
312:
Large vehicles are usually fitted with power operated or power assisted parking brakes. Power assisted parking brakes are usually found on large vans as well as some older heavy vehicles. These operate in the same way as a conventional parking brakes, but pulling the lever operates a valve that
284:
Another less common setup for rear discs is the use of a separate, smaller, cable actuated caliper (such as the
Wilwood MC4), which is used exclusively for the parking brake. This is sometimes used as an alternative to a separate drum parking brake when multi-piston main calipers are used.
146:
In manual and automatic transmission vehicles, the parking brake can also be used for various driving situations which require the vehicle to be momentarily stopped. For example, the brake can be engaged when moving off an uphill slope, as this allows the driver to hold the accelerator and
124:
The parking brake in most vehicles is still completely mechanical. Traditionally engaged by pulling a lever, the cables manually engage part of the car's braking system, usually the rear disk or drum brakes. The mechanical nature allows the driver to apply the brake even if the main
219:) until there is tension. To disengage the brake, the button is held while simultaneously pulling the lever up to disengage the ratchet and then pushed all the way down with the button still held. In older vehicle models, a stick lever may be used instead which is located under the
288:
Hudson automobiles used an unusual hybrid hydraulic-mechanical dual-brake system which operated the rear brakes through the otherwise conventional mechanical parking brake system when a failure of the hydraulic system allowed the pedal to travel beyond its normal limit.
261:. Two variations are available: In the more-traditional "cable-pulling" type, an electric motor simply pulls the parking brake cable on the push or pull of a button rather than a mechanical lever or pedal in the cabin. A more complex unit (first seen on the 2003
303:
is a temporary parking brake that makes use of the vehicles standard hydraulic brakes. They are often used for off-road conditions or when stopping on steep grades is required. By trapping hydraulic pressure in the brake lines, all four wheels can be locked.
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Manual hand brakes serve to keep a piece of rolling stock stationary after it has been spotted in a rail yard or at a customer for unloading or loading. They are also used to secure a parked train from inadvertent movement, especially while unmanned.
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The position of the parking brake differs between vehicle models and manufacturers. However, a universal feature is either one or two of the warning lights which appear on the dashboard when the parking brake is engaged.
343:(if there is more than one cylinder per car). Newer locomotives have electric systems that simply place an electric motor in place of the chain winding mechanism. This brake acts independently of the action of the
79:
which is connected to two wheel brakes. In most vehicles, the parking brake operates only on the rear wheels, which have reduced traction while braking. The mechanism may be a hand-operated
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296:. This has an advantage of being completely independent of other braking systems. This is effective when there are multiple driving axles: all driven wheels are braked at once.
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In the event of hydraulic brake failure, the parking brake can be used to slow a vehicle. In such cases, the lever should be slowly engaged to prevent locking up the wheels.
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A recent development is the electronic parking brake, also known as an electric park brake. Introduced to the mainstream market in 2001, it was first used in the 2001
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A number of production vehicles, light and medium duty trucks, and motor homes have been made with a separate drum brake on the driveline; called a
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of the vehicle, in between the driver and front passenger seats. Operating the brake is performed by pulling the lever up (which is connected to a
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vehicles, the parking brake is engaged to help keep the vehicle stationary while parked, especially if parked on an incline.
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brake, respectively. Many vehicles have a combination of the two; a pedal to engage the brake and a handle to release it.
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system, known as hill-hold or hill-assist, prevents the vehicle from rolling back when moving-off on an uphill gradient.
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vehicles have a "Park" gear that immobilizes the transmission, it is still recommended to use the parking brake, as the
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steady without the vehicle rolling backwards. Other common situations is when the vehicle is stopped at a
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in the gearbox could fail due to stress or another vehicle striking the car, causing the car to roll.
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and/or lights may be used to indicate the location of a parking brake, its application or release.
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When parking on an uphill gradient, it is recommended that the front wheels face away from the
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1022:. Washington, DC: U.S. Federal Railroad Administration. pp. 2–5. Archived from
71:), is a mechanism used to keep the vehicle securely motionless when parked. Parking
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83:, a straight pull handle located near the steering column, or a foot-operated
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989:"Hudson Motor Car Company - Hudson Car Club - Hudson, Essex, Terraplane Cars"
37:
This article is about the mechanical part. For the metalworking machine, see
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964:"What would happen if you engaged electronic parking brake while driving?"
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375:, required automatic brakes on all railroads, effective in 1900.
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522:"When to Use Your Parking Brake | Firestone Complete Auto Care"
351:
and are under the control of the locomotive driver / engineer.
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1106:
916:"What is an electronic parking brake or electronic handbrake?"
121:
will prevent the car from rolling if the parking brake fails.
1508:
551:"7 Trusted Steps to Park on a Hill Without Serious Accidents"
190:
ISO symbol used to indicate that the parking brake is applied
493:"Things You Should Never Do With an Automatic Transmission"
30:"Hand brake" redirects here. For the video transcoder, see
819:"Understanding What Dashboard Warnings Mean - Direct Line"
575:"Controlling your vehicle | DVSA - Safe Driving for Life"
211:
The most common placement of the parking brake is in the
2136:
Electro-pneumatic brake system on
British railway trains
648:
Wagner Brake | Brake Pads, Brake Rotors & Headlights
440:"5 Important Tips for Parking a Manual Transmission Car"
794:"Car Myths Debunked – When to Use Your Emergency Brake"
362:
in the late 19th century, American railroads employed
867:"PH Origins: Electronic parking brakes | PistonHeads"
367:
hazards involved in negotiating the top of a swaying
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75:often consist of a pulling mechanism attached to a
940:"What is an electronic parking brake? | Parkers"
347:, which function collectively when coupled in a
1957:
1524:
1082:
679:"How to do a hill start: uphill and downhill"
339:there is only one brake cylinder per car) or
8:
1039:United States. Act of Mar. 2, 1893, 27
991:. Hudsonclub.org. 2009-03-09. Archived from
726:"When To Use Handbrake – Driving Test Tips"
644:"How to Use a Parking Brake | Wagner Brake"
2131:Electronically controlled pneumatic brakes
2126:Diesel electric locomotive dynamic braking
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1950:
1942:
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360:locomotive-actuated train braking systems
371:. In the U.S., an 1893 federal law, the
468:"Why You Should Set Your Parking Brake"
406:
746:"Handbrake – Long stay or Short stay?"
2100:Westinghouse Brake and Signal Company
7:
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462:
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1016:The Federal Railroad Safety Program
770:"Learning to drive - the Handbrake"
27:Secondary automotive braking system
1647:Continuously variable transmission
25:
1450:Automobile auxiliary power outlet
724:Tips, Driving Test (4 May 2017).
705:"Hill Starts – Driving Test Tips"
624:"How to park correctly on a hill"
1926:
1925:
1915:
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1105:Part of a series of articles on
599:"Do you leave your car in gear?"
416:"Auto Repair: The Parking Brake"
87:located with the other pedals.
2212:Railroad Safety Appliance Act
2095:Westinghouse Air Brake Company
414:Military.com (November 2017).
163:, which is often performed in
1:
1682:Automated manual transmission
1162:Electronic instrument cluster
373:Railroad Safety Appliance Act
2236:Vehicle braking technologies
1122:Automotive navigation system
528:. 2017-06-12. Archived from
499:. 2017-05-15. Archived from
1757:Semi-automatic transmission
1248:Electronic throttle control
579:www.safedrivingforlife.info
48:Parking brake lever from a
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1594:Internal combustion engine
1294:Automatic vehicle location
1047:, recodified, as amended,
1013:McDonald, Charles (1993).
358:Before the development of
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29:
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1893:Hybrid vehicle drivetrain
1782:Transmission control unit
1722:Limited-slip differential
1687:Electrorheological clutch
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239:Electric park brake on a
1672:Dual-clutch transmission
253:Electronic parking brake
182:Parking brake variations
2141:Emergency brake (train)
1642:Constant-velocity joint
1127:Automotive night vision
683:Driving Tests Resources
667:Parking brake indicator
327:Emergency brake (train)
171:to initiate rear wheel
1987:Counter-pressure brake
1622:Automatic transmission
750:www.iam-bristol.org.uk
277:In vehicles with rear
243:
203:
191:
104:automatic transmission
55:In road vehicles, the
52:
2007:Electromagnetic brake
1309:Remote keyless system
843:"Brake Warning Light"
390:Johnson bar (vehicle)
325:Further information:
251:Further information:
238:
207:Center or stick lever
201:
189:
47:
1727:Locking differential
1662:Direct-shift gearbox
703:Tips, Driving Test.
526:Completely Firestone
345:automatic air brakes
321:Railroad hand brakes
227:Pedal or pull handle
2121:Diesel brake tender
1752:Preselector gearbox
1732:Manual transmission
871:www.pistonheads.com
774:www.drivinghelp.com
603:Which? Conversation
202:Brake warning light
157:pedestrian crossing
97:manual transmission
18:Railroad hand brake
2202:Pearson's Coupling
2089:New York Air Brake
2080:Faiveley Transport
2049:Regenerative brake
2042:Railway disc brake
2002:Eddy current brake
1992:Countersteam brake
1898:Electric generator
1803:Wheel hub assembly
1157:Check engine light
1137:Blind spot monitor
823:www.directline.com
798:NAPA Know How Blog
497:A&P Auto Parts
395:List of auto parts
294:transmission brake
259:BMW 7 Series (E65)
244:
204:
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59:, also known as a
53:
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2182:Dead man's switch
2032:Railway air brake
2027:Kunze-Knorr brake
1939:
1938:
1692:Epicyclic gearing
1561:Automotive engine
1506:
1505:
1414:Glove compartment
1368:Child safety lock
944:www.parkers.co.uk
555:Driving-Tests.org
241:Volkswagen Touran
39:Box and pan brake
16:(Redirected from
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1767:Torque converter
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2214:(United States)
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2197:Hydraulic brake
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2151:Dowty retarders
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2068:
2017:Heberlein brake
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1717:Hotchkiss drive
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1273:Steering wheel
1270:
1268:Power steering
1265:
1260:
1258:Manettino dial
1255:
1250:
1245:
1243:Cruise control
1240:
1235:
1230:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1187:Radar detector
1184:
1182:Parking sensor
1179:
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1063:External links
1061:
1058:
1057:
1049:49 U.S.C.
1032:
1029:on 2009-07-31.
1005:
980:
968:Technology Org
955:
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858:
847:www.aa1car.com
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385:Handbrake turn
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331:Virtually all
322:
319:
309:
308:Large vehicles
306:
274:
271:
248:
245:
228:
225:
213:center console
208:
205:
183:
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161:handbrake turn
143:
140:
129:system fails.
92:
89:
26:
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2178:
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2173:
2172:Bicycle brake
2170:
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2164:
2162:
2158:
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2149:
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2109:Other aspects
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2073:Manufacturers
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2018:
2015:
2013:
2012:Exhaust brake
2010:
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2005:
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1998:
1997:Dynamic brake
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1762:Shift-by-wire
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1599:Petrol engine
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1263:Parking brake
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1234:
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1223:
1219:
1213:
1212:Trip computer
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1208:
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1132:Backup camera
1130:
1128:
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1123:
1120:
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1092:
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995:on 2011-04-23
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897:on 2016-11-20
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532:on 2017-09-27
531:
527:
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503:on 2017-05-16
502:
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472:DrivrZone.com
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334:
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188:
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165:street racing
162:
158:
154:
153:traffic light
150:
149:clutch pedals
141:
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128:
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105:
100:
98:
90:
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78:
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70:
66:
62:
58:
57:parking brake
51:
46:
40:
33:
19:
2085:Knorr-Bremse
2064:Vacuum brake
1840:Racing slick
1777:Transfer box
1747:Park-by-wire
1742:Parking pawl
1657:Differential
1632:Direct-drive
1614:Transmission
1604:Steam engine
1549:Part of the
1548:
1262:
1228:Bowden cable
1104:
1097:Car interior
1053:§ 20302
1035:
1024:the original
1015:
1008:
997:. Retrieved
993:the original
983:
972:. Retrieved
970:. 2018-10-26
967:
958:
947:. Retrieved
943:
934:
923:. Retrieved
919:
910:
899:. Retrieved
895:the original
885:
874:. Retrieved
870:
861:
850:. Retrieved
846:
837:
826:. Retrieved
822:
813:
802:. Retrieved
800:. 2015-12-07
797:
788:
777:. Retrieved
773:
764:
753:. Retrieved
749:
740:
729:. Retrieved
719:
708:. Retrieved
698:
687:. Retrieved
685:. 2017-06-19
682:
673:
662:
651:. Retrieved
647:
638:
627:. Retrieved
618:
607:. Retrieved
605:. 2016-03-13
602:
593:
582:. Retrieved
578:
569:
558:. Retrieved
554:
545:
534:. Retrieved
530:the original
525:
516:
505:. Retrieved
501:the original
496:
487:
476:. Retrieved
474:. 2018-06-27
471:
448:. Retrieved
446:. 2018-01-09
443:
434:
423:. Retrieved
420:Military.com
419:
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291:
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193:
177:
145:
131:
123:
112:
108:parking pawl
101:
94:
68:
64:
60:
56:
54:
2059:Track brake
2054:Steam brake
1818:Alloy wheel
1677:Drive wheel
1667:Drive shaft
1627:Chain drive
1438:Convenience
1429:Vehicle mat
1378:Rumble seat
1363:Bucket seat
1319:VIN etching
1299:Immobiliser
1192:Speedometer
1142:Boost gauge
1115:Instruments
279:disc brakes
2207:Pneumatics
2187:Drum brake
2037:Disc brake
2022:Hand brake
1903:Alternator
1551:Automobile
1540:Powertrain
1455:Cup holder
1399:Boot liner
1358:Bench seat
1282:Anti-theft
1253:Gear stick
1202:Telematics
1197:Tachometer
1167:Fuel gauge
999:2011-04-24
974:2019-05-11
949:2019-05-11
925:2019-05-11
901:2013-12-18
876:2019-05-11
852:2019-05-12
828:2019-05-12
804:2019-05-11
779:2019-05-12
755:2019-05-12
731:2019-05-12
710:2019-05-12
689:2019-05-12
653:2019-05-12
629:2019-05-12
609:2019-05-12
584:2019-05-12
560:2019-05-12
536:2019-05-12
507:2019-05-12
478:2019-05-12
450:2019-05-12
425:2019-05-11
247:Electronic
142:Other uses
133:Pictograph
2167:Air brake
2116:Brake van
1772:Transaxle
1737:Manumatic
1707:Gearshift
1579:Fuel cell
1460:Car phone
1424:Sun visor
1409:Dashboard
1383:Seat belt
1314:Smart key
1207:Tell-tale
891:"trw.com"
444:Oards.com
301:line lock
61:handbrake
32:HandBrake
2230:Category
2146:Retarder
1931:Category
1870:Tubeless
1855:Run-flat
1835:Off-road
1652:Coupling
1574:Electric
1478:Category
1221:Controls
1177:Odometer
1152:Carputer
379:See also
364:brakemen
333:railroad
169:rallying
91:Overview
50:Saab 9-5
1488:Commons
1353:Armrest
1337:Seating
263:Audi A8
217:ratchet
136:symbols
69:e-brake
1921:Portal
1881:Hybrid
1845:Radial
1823:Hubcap
1637:Clutch
1584:Hybrid
1553:series
1498:Portal
1348:Airbag
1332:Safety
1238:Clutch
1147:Buzzer
1051:
1043:
369:boxcar
119:engine
102:While
73:brakes
2177:Brake
1980:Types
1865:Spare
1808:Wheel
1712:Giubo
1445:Audio
1289:Alarm
1233:Brake
1041:Stat.
1027:(PDF)
1020:(PDF)
401:Notes
349:train
341:bogie
173:drift
85:pedal
81:lever
77:cable
1860:Snow
1850:Rain
1830:Tire
1107:cars
167:and
155:, a
115:curb
1813:Rim
1045:531
95:In
63:or
2232::
966:.
942:.
918:.
869:.
845:.
821:.
796:.
772:.
748:.
681:.
646:.
601:.
577:.
553:.
524:.
495:.
470:.
459:^
442:.
418:.
299:A
223:.
175:.
2091:)
2087:(
1965:e
1958:t
1951:v
1590:)
1586:(
1532:e
1525:t
1518:v
1090:e
1083:t
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1055:.
1002:.
977:.
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879:.
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831:.
807:.
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734:.
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692:.
656:.
632:.
612:.
587:.
563:.
539:.
510:.
481:.
453:.
428:.
67:(
41:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
