773:
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764:(Ribbentrop stated that he preferred Germany to have all of the Canaries but was prepared to be magnanimous by taking only one); that Germany be allowed air and naval bases in Spanish Morocco with extraterritorial rights; German companies to be given control of the mines in Spanish Morocco; and finally Ribbentrop wanted an economic treaty that would have turned Spain into an economic colony of Germany. For the pro-Axis Serrano Suñer, who had been expecting the Germans to treat Spain as an ally and an equal, to learn that the Germans viewed Spain as little more than a
760:, he said: "Geographically speaking, Portugal has no right to exist". Additionally, Serrano Suñer wanted generous promises of German military and economic support before Spain entered the war. Serrano Suñer and Ribbentrop did not get along and they soon developed an intense mutual hatred of one another. Ribbentrop told Serrano Suñer that in return for military and economic aid and allowing the return of Gibraltar, Germany wanted to annex at least one of the
884:, consulted in January 1941 with Hans Lazar, the press secretary of the German embassy, and told him that a Serrano Suñer government would commit to the Axis powers and thus asked for him to arrange for the Nazis to back his mentor publicly. However, it is unclear whether Gamero was working on his own initiative and Hitler was disappointed that Serrano Suñer had not tried harder to help Germany and called him the "gravedigger of the new Spain".
857:
66:
677:(1 February 1938 – 9 August 1939). When Franco amalgamated that ministry with the Ministry of Public Order ("Ministerio de Orden Público" in Spanish), a new name was created, the "Ministerio de la Gobernación", but the new name is now usually translated as "Ministry of the Interior". The merger was made by Franco on 9 August 1939, when Serrano Suñer became "Ministro de la Gobernación".
25:
168:
853:, were allowed at the exhaustive and inconclusive political meetings. By morning the meeting ended with no compromise. Serrano Suñer was later to say of the Hendaye summit that because of General Franco's obsession with Morocco, that if only Hitler had offered him French Morocco, then Spain would have entered the war in October 1940.
768:
was a great shock. During his visits to Berlin, Serrano Suñer, who had started to rethink the wisdom of Spain entering the war, was overruled by Franco, who was keen to enter the war as soon as possible on the Axis side before
Britain was defeated. Franco, in his letters to Serrano Suñer, praised
589:
was Ramón
Serrano Suñer's illegitimate daughter by the Marquis of Llanzol's wife but he never recognized her. Not knowing they were half-siblings, Carmen and Ramón Serrano Suñer y Polo fell in love and were only prevented from marrying at the last minute. She later became the Chief of Cabinet,
899:, which started on 22 June 1941. On 23 June, upon receiving the news, he met with Franco in El Pardo, and the Council of Ministers passed a resolution thereafter concerning the sending of a division of Spanish volunteers to the front. A day after, on 24 June, he declaimed his famous invective
271:
945:
After World War II, he wrote a persuasive letter to Franco, calling for a transitional government that would have room for intellectuals in exile. When Franco received the letter, he wrote a derisive "Ho-ho." in its margin. Serrano Suñer ultimately retired from public life in 1947.
795:, who, since November 1937 represented the rebellious Franco and, from March 1939, represented Francisco Franco until March 1945. He had been formerly a Minister of Public Instruction, later Minister of State, 1930–1931, under the dictatorship of General
395:
626:
to flee to the
Falange in the spring of 1936. After the military coup of July 1936 and the outbreak of the civil war, he was locked in a Republican prison. He escaped in October 1936, dressed as a woman, and was then helped by the
1704:
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during the latter's spell in Spain, and provided for Salan's transfer to
Algeria so he could carry out the attempted generals' coup in April. Also by that time, Serrano operated too as a link between Salan and Portuguese dictator
1724:
1684:
684:, decreasing the political power of the Secretary General in favour of a newly created office, the President of the Political Council, to which he was appointed on 9 August 1936. He felt the office of
1193:
Moral Roncal, Antonio Manuel (2015). "Bases partidistas, élites neutrales. El carlismo ante la
Segunda Guerra Mundial". In Moral Roncal, Antonio Manuel; González Martín, Francisco Javier (eds.).
1253:
Ruiz Franco, Rosario (2015). "Mujeres para el frente ruso: la Sección
Femenina de Falange y la División Azul". In Moral Roncal, Antonio Manuel; González Martín, Francisco Javier (eds.).
926:, an anticommunist pact concluded between Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan (later to be joined by other countries) directed against the Communist International (Comintern) or
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y Martínez-Valdés in
October 1923. Ramón Serrano Suñer and Zita Polo had six children: Fernando, Francisco, Jaime Javier, José, María del Pilar and Ramón Serrano-Suñer y Polo.
276:
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1567:, forewords and initial study by Carlos Seco Serrano. (Selección y glosas de Rafael Gómez- Jordana Prats). Burgos: Dossoles, 2002. "Colección La Valija Diplomática". 311 pp.
681:
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Info on a book, 672 pages, by Rojo
Cagigal, Juan Carlos . Azagra Ros, Joaquín Pedro . Arana Pérez, Ignacio . Echániz Ortúñez, José and others, 13 economists in total .
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Ramón
Serrano Suñer and Francisco Franco were co-brothers-in-law, since the two married two sisters: Serrano Suñer married Ramona (Zita) Polo y Martínez-Valdés, in
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to discuss how Spain might best enter the war on the Axis side. During the meeting, Serrano Suñer presented a "shopping list" to
Ribbentrop, saying Spain wanted
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Hitler as a wise statesman and dismissed Ribbentrop's demands as the product of a man who failed to appreciate properly what Spain had to offer the Axis.
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on 20 February 1937, where Franco was in office at the time. It was there that he could work with Franco to participate for the rebels in the civil war.
83:
38:
937:, Serrano Suñer was forced to resign as foreign minister and president of the political council of the Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las JONS.
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with the thousands of repatriated Italian soldiers who had fought by the side of Franco in Spain against the Republicans. He was appointed the 263rd
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Preston, Paul "Franco and Hitler: The Myth of Hendaye 1940" pages 1-16 from Contemporary European History, Volume 1, Issue # 1, March 1992 page 14.
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Although Serrano Suñer had played a major role in establishing the Spanish state under Franco, being so influential as to be nicknamed the
817:
in Falangist politics. The two brothers-in-law had some intraparty conflicts of their own, as Serrano Suñer accused Franco of riding on a "
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as an Army Commandant in 1926. Already as a colonel, he was the predecessor of Serrano Suñer as a Spanish Minister of Foreign Affairs.
821:", and Franco viewed Serrano Suñer as increasingly becoming a thorn in the side of his party who criticised too many of its policies.
498:
876:"), and despite Serrano Suñer's advocating Spain's joining the Axis powers, Franco opted for Spain to remain a nonbelligerent during
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845:, while Adolf Hitler sat between the Spanish Foreign Affairs Minister Ramón Serrano Suñer and the Spanish Ambassador at Berlin,
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783:, being honoured by Spanish soldiers. Ramón Serrano Suñer is in a dark uniform then worn by the Spanish Falange Party leaders.
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542:. Although he was an excellent student, his father disapproved of his plans to become a lawyer. He enrolled at Madrid's
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316:
473:, Serrano Suñer came to embody the most totalitarian impetus within the regime. Serrano Suñer was known for his pro-
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Just one week after Serrano Suñer was promoted to Minister of Foreign Affairs, on 23 October 1940, Franco and
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caucus (1936), and then Interior Minister and Foreign Affairs Minister. A neofalangist originally from the
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In September 1940, the strongly pro-Axis Serrano Suñer visited Berlin to meet the German Foreign Minister
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that states a Knowledge (XXG) editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.
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912:) rallying a revanchist mood during a speech delivered from the balcony of the FET-JONS headquarters.
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850:
810:(18 October 1940 – 3 September 1942) because of his skill at building a relationship with Mussolini.
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Catholicism, War and the Foundation of Francoism: The Juventud de Acción Popular in Spain, 1931-1939
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press-agency, in 1939. Serrano Suñer also founded the Radio Intercontinental radio network in 1950.
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While Serrano Suñer had been Minister of the Interior, the Minister of Foreign Affairs was General
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461:(12 September 1901 – 1 September 2003), was a Spanish politician during the first stages of the
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Very Deeply Dyed in Black: Sir Oswald Mosley and the Resurrection of British Fascism After 1945
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railway station in France, near the Spanish border. There, Serrano Suñer met with Ribbentrop.
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841:, head interpreter of the German Chancellor, reported that Franco sat between Ribbentrop and
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on 6 February 1932, whom he had met shortly after moving to Zaragoza in 1931. Franco married
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554:, and founder of the Falange), he developed a taste for falangism while spending a year in
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953:, taking him to the tomb of José Antonio Primo de Rivera. In 1961, in the context of the
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849:. However, neither the Spanish Ambassador at Berlin nor the German Ambassador at Madrid,
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Serrano Suñer was the founder of the 67,000-strong Spanish blind people's organization
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on 16 October 1940. Just the day before, 15 October 1940, the former president of the
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On 25 November 1941 he signed in Berlin the revision of the pact of 25 November 1936
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Meanwhile, even on becoming Minister of Foreign Affairs, Serrano Suñer had to accept
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Even though he was working with Franco, he objected to the increasing role of the
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or the "most brother-in-law" (in comparison, the dictator himself was styled as
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In 1949, Serrano Suñer sponsored the visit to Spain of British Fascist leader
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1143:
Preston, Paul "Franco and Hitler: The Myth of Hendaye 1940" pages 1-16 from
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Preston, Paul "Franco and Hitler: The Myth of Hendaye 1940" pages 1-16 from
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1623:
Hitler and the Forgotten Nazis: A History of Austrian National Socialism
1593:. Former American Professor Charles B. Burdick biography can be seen at:
1504:"La Etapa de Ramón Serrano Súñer en el Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores"
1007:"La Etapa de Ramón Serrano Súñer en el Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores"
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but did not join it either. He had called the members of the youth wing
1524:
Historia de la Iglesia en España, 1931-1939: La Guerra Civil, 1936-1939
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Las potencies internacionales ante la dictadura española (1944-1950)
465:, between 1938 and 1942, when he held the posts of President of the
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Los españoles ante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Políticas y recuerdos
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Los españoles ante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Políticas y recuerdos
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A short biography in Spanish (December 2002), based on Ana Romero,
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Members of the Congress of Deputies of the Second Spanish Republic
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534:, the fifth of seven children born to an engineer working in the
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Milicia y diplomacia: los diarios del Conde de Jordana 1936-1944
712:, along with the extradition of Basque Minister of the Interior
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In June 1939, Serrano Suñer had been back to Italy to present
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59:
18:
1406:"Las fuentes orales y la historiografía del fascismo español"
970:, an enthusiastic supporter of Salan's putschist intentions.
1585:.Syracuse Univ. Press, Syracuse, U.S.A., (1968). 228 pages.
891:
of Spanish volunteers to fight with the Germans against the
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although he did not formally join in the CEDA. Prior to the
179:
personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
1725:
Spanish people of the Spanish Civil War (National faction)
872:, which translates as supreme brother-in-law (a joke on "
1511:
Espacio, Tiempo y Forma, Serie V, Historia Contemporánea
887:
To make up for that failure, Serrano Suñer proposed the
618:, he distanced himself from the CEDA and approached the
275:
Serrano Suñer during a visit to the headquarters of the
680:
Suñer also managed to re-elaborate the statutes of the
185:
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Government ministers during the Francoist dictatorship
1583:
Germany's Military strategy and Spain in World War II
1259:
Servicio de publicaciones de la Universidad de Alcalá
1199:
Servicio de publicaciones de la Universidad de Alcalá
1070:
Historia de Carmen. Memoria de Carmen Díez de Rivera,
727:, formerly a Military Attaché at the Spanish Embassy
700:. On 13 August, Companys had been handed over by the
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María Luisa Mataix, "Carmen Díez de Rivera e Icaza".
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90:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
716:, who had served under Republican Prime Minister
594:'s right wing coalition and later as a socialist
546:to study law, just the same. A fellow student of
961:, Serrano Suñer was the main Spanish support to
1323:Cahiers de civilisation espagnole contemporaine
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993:
252: and the second or maternal family name is
1319:"España y el golpe de estado contra De Gaulle"
682:Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las JONS
1637:Newspaper clippings about Ramón Serrano Suñer
1515:Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
1033:"El último dirigente vivo de la Guerra Civil"
900:
8:
1548:Cien Empresarios Españoles del Siglo Veinte
336:16 October 1940 – 3 September 1942
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
973:Serrano Suñer died on 1 September 2003 in
935:Basilica of Begoña incident of August 1942
306:30 January 1938 – 16 October 1940
269:
258:
1373:"Ramón Serrano Suner, 101, a Franco Aide"
1330:
1147:, Volume 1, Issue # 1, March 1992 page 6.
1134:, Volume 1, Issue # 1, March 1992 page 5.
977:, eleven days before his 102nd birthday.
650:, Franco's brother, probably to the 10th
226:Learn how and when to remove this message
208:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
501:, for which he was informally nicknamed
1730:Spanish collaborators with Nazi Germany
1281:
1081:
986:
696:, had been executed by firing squad in
518:on 13 December 1938, as well as of the
481:, when he supported the sending of the
1625:, University of North Carolina Press.
791:, 17th Duke of Alba, as ambassador to
590:ranking as Secretary of State, under
7:
1680:Foreign relations of Francoist Spain
1093:
779:at Madrid Northern Railway Station,
673:Serrano Suñer served as Nationalist
493:. He was also the brother-in-law of
405:Ramona (Zita) Polo y Martínez-Valdés
88:adding citations to reliable sources
1413:Revista de Historia Jerónimo Zurita
906:
610:within the group of the right-wing
530:He was born Ramón Serrano Suñer in
1695:Members of the State Lawyers Corps
1437:El Movimiento Nacional (1937-1977)
635:, from where he was able to reach
14:
1710:Politicians from Cartagena, Spain
1602:Memorias de Carmen Diez de Rivera
1502:Marquina Barrio, Antonio (1989).
933:In September 1942, following the
708:to the Spanish policeman and spy
596:member of the European Parliament
34:This article has multiple issues.
847:Eugenio Espinosa de los Monteros
789:Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart y Falcó
656:Reichsparteitag Grossdeutschland
436:
166:
64:
23:
642:In 1938, Serrano Suñer went to
75:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
1740:World War II political leaders
1359:Salazar: A Political Biography
16:Spanish politician (1901–2003)
1:
1670:FET y de las JONS politicians
1145:Contemporary European History
1132:Contemporary European History
725:Juan Luis Beigbeder y Atienza
580:Carmen Díez de Rivera e Icaza
1597:Madrid Carmen Díez de Rivera
1439:. Barcelona: Grupo Planeta.
1361:. Enigma Books. p. 512.
1230:Ministerio de la Presidencia
620:Falange Española de las JONS
548:José Antonio Primo de Rivera
244:, the first or paternal
1690:Interior ministers of Spain
1641:20th Century Press Archives
880:. Serrano Suñer's protégé,
825:Involvement in World War II
808:Minister of Foreign Affairs
750:"which belonged to Spain's
324:Minister of Foreign Affairs
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1675:Foreign ministers of Spain
1404:Ellwood, Sheelagh (1987).
1355:Ribeiro De Meneses, Filipe
1317:Aït Yahia, Karima (2013).
606:Suñer was a member of the
239:
1621:Pauley, Bruce F. (1981).
1608:Entre Hendaya y Gibraltar
1522:Redondo, Gonzalo (1993).
957:against French president
882:Pedro Gamero del Castillo
860:Serrano Suñer (left) and
742:from the British; all of
550:(son of Spanish dictator
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1302:. Londres and New York:
1298:Macklin, Graham (2007).
1182:250. Infanterie-Division
910: Russia is guilty!
704:authorities of occupied
690:Generalitat of Catalonia
675:Minister of the Interior
670:with Germany, in March.
485:to fight along with the
317:Valentín Galarza Morante
294:Minister of the Interior
1715:Spanish anti-communists
1459:La estirpe del camaleón
1222:Güell, Casilda (2009).
864:(right) in Berlin, 1940
843:Walther von Brauchitsch
1455:Gil Pecharromán, Julio
1433:Gil Pecharromán, Julio
1172:, London: 1995, p. 415
901:
865:
862:Joachim von Ribbentrop
784:
736:Joachim von Ribbentrop
710:Pedro Urraca Rendueles
602:Early political career
552:Miguel Primo de Rivera
463:Francoist dictatorship
188:by rewriting it in an
1735:Spanish propagandists
1606:Ramón Serrano Súñer,
1485:Sussex Academic Press
859:
775:
99:"Ramón Serrano Suñer"
1720:Spanish centenarians
1581:Charles B. Burdick.
1286:Marquina Barrio 1989
1106:Gil Pecharromán 2013
994:Gil Pecharromán 2019
897:Operation Barbarossa
851:Eberhard von Stohrer
540:Castelló de la Plana
84:improve this article
1526:. Ediciones Rialp.
1306:. pp. 100–101.
1052:Ramón Serrano Suñer
1041:. 2 September 2003.
924:Anti-Comintern Pact
902:¡Rusia es culpable!
819:cult of personality
714:Julián Zugazagoitia
662:, to celebrate the
631:navy in getting to
563:State Lawyers Corps
459:Ramón Serrano Suñer
427:Universidad Central
416:(co-brother-in-law)
281:Berlin-Lichterfelde
263:Ramón Serrano Suñer
1381:. 4 September 2003
1378:The New York Times
1072:Editorial Planeta.
866:
785:
658:in German) of the
544:Central University
190:encyclopedic style
177:is written like a
1616:978-84-08-10417-9
1591:978-0-608-18105-9
1556:978-84-88717-27-6
1494:978-1-84519-373-7
1468:978-84-306-2301-3
1446:978-84-08-12138-1
1332:10.4000/ccec.4412
1268:978-84-16133-89-5
1239:978-84-937244-3-6
1208:978-84-16133-89-5
1013:on 2 October 2011
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616:Spanish Civil War
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1398:Bibliography
1383:. Retrieved
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1282:Ellwood 1987
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1166:Paul Preston
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1082:Redondo 1993
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1015:. Retrieved
1011:the original
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893:Soviet Union
886:
878:World War II
874:Generalísimo
869:
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839:Paul Schmidt
831:Adolf Hitler
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781:October 1940
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380:(2003-09-01)
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242:Spanish name
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82:Please help
77:verification
74:
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43:
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36:Please help
33:
1665:2003 deaths
1660:1901 births
1385:4 September
963:Raoul Salan
833:met at the
718:Juan Negrín
686:Gobernación
583: [
574:Carmen Polo
499:Carmen Polo
475:Third Reich
1654:Categories
1517:: 145–167.
1461:. Taurus.
1304:I.B.Tauris
1228:. Madrid:
981:References
941:Later life
870:Cuñadísimo
753:Lebensraum
660:Nazi Party
526:Early life
503:Cuñadísimo
448:Cuñadísimo
422:Alma mater
110:newspapers
39:improve it
1618:, (2011).
1477:Lowe, Sid
1425:0044-5517
1419:: 65–79.
1341:1957-7761
1094:Lowe 2010
1017:2 October
928:Komintern
740:Gibraltar
698:Barcelona
664:Anschluss
644:Nuremberg
637:Salamanca
629:Argentine
565:in 1924.
536:Valencian
532:Cartagena
487:Wehrmacht
433:Signature
410:Relations
368:Cartagena
332:In office
302:In office
140:July 2007
45:talk page
1558:, 2000.
1479:(2010).
1457:(2019).
1435:(2013).
1357:(2009).
1038:El Mundo
758:Portugal
538:port of
497:'s wife
445:Nickname
240:In this
1643:of the
1639:in the
917:Germany
907:transl.
835:Hendaye
748:Algeria
702:Gestapo
668:Austria
556:Bologna
489:on the
387:, Spain
370:, Spain
250:Serrano
246:surname
184:Please
124:scholar
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975:Madrid
895:after
793:London
729:Berlin
633:France
608:Cortes
570:Oviedo
402:Spouse
385:Madrid
126:
119:
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105:
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1513:(2).
1507:(PDF)
1409:(PDF)
921:Japan
706:Paris
646:with
587:]
277:LSSAH
254:Suñer
131:JSTOR
117:books
1627:ISBN
1612:ISBN
1587:ISBN
1569:ISBN
1552:ISBN
1528:ISBN
1489:ISBN
1463:ISBN
1441:ISBN
1421:ISSN
1387:2003
1337:ISSN
1263:ISBN
1234:ISBN
1203:ISBN
1019:2011
746:and
612:CEDA
516:ONCE
471:CEDA
375:Died
362:Born
103:news
1645:ZBW
1327:doi
624:JAP
520:EFE
511:).
279:in
248:is
86:by
1656::
1610:.
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1487:.
1483:.
1417:56
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