649:, rare in the medieval buildings of this region, are preserved in them. These furnaces were discovered during the archaeological surveys and each had its own chimney built into the walls. The toilet, specifically built for the commander of the fortress, was also discovered. Over city's moat lies a bridge which is located at the southeastern tower, and that leads to a space between the fortress and the low walls around it. On all the ramparts except the West one, the embrasures are placed at the same distance from the tower.
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472:(carpet) and felt rejuvenated when he woke up, so he ordered for the fortress to be built on this spot. This also gave the original, Turkish name of the fortress, the Ihram Fortress. The fortress was especially built for the elite Ottoman units and the heavy artillery. Apart from defensive role against the Hungarians, it also controlled the traffic on the Danube and served as the starting point in Turkish excursions in the northern areas, and the occupation in 1521. After the 1526
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level, including the embrasures in the walls. By
February 2018, several phases of archaeological works (phase IV) and renovation (phase I), or 60% of planned work, was done. Further works require more archaeological digging and a proposed design of the interior. It was planned that the restoration will be finished by July 2018, adaptation of the fortress by December 2019 while the renovation of the remains of the old caravanserai is planned, too.
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781:; planting of over 150 flower species around the entire fortress complex, forming a flower belt around it; construction of railings and fences along each staircase; re-building of the bridges which connected the towers, recreating the circular, above-ground path; computerized presentations of the former life in the fortress; reconstruction of caravanserai; reconstruction of the Mysterious Tower.
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quarry that was used for the original fortress. 21 analysis of the original mortar were conducted in order to recreate it. Only wooden beams were used and the reconstruction was conducted without the use of cement, concrete additives or iron bars. Instead of using the modern, common types, the bricks
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Further exploration of the interior ensued in 2015, followed by the renovation. First, the fortress and its vicinity were thoroughly cleaned. After exploring almost 70% of the fortress, archaeologists reached the original floor. Several edifices from the 16th to the 18th century were discovered, from
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was built in its vicinity. It had 24 rooms, each with its own fireplace, for the caravan travelers and voyagers. In time, it grew into the modern village of Ram. Modern
Serbian Orthodox Church, built in 1839, is located on this spot today and the former caravanserai serves as it churchyard. It is the
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Full reconstruction began in 2017. Restoration covered three towers and four walls. The towers IV and V were renovated while the Tower II, which was in the worst shape and almost completely crumbled, was partially reconstructed. Its foundations were built from scratch and it was rebuilt to the roof
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of the fortress are also in good condition, while the small bulwark is present in trace amounts. Inside the fort, along the western rampart, lies remains a building, with a base of proper octagon, with sides length of 3 m (9.8 ft). The whole area around the fortress was archaeologically
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Is not known when the original city was built, but it certainly is one of the oldest forts in this region. The
Ottomans didn't demolish the Roman mausoleum, instead they built the fortress around it. This, for the major part, allowed for the older remains to survive in relatively good shape until
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The five towers have a total of 36 cannon embrasures, which means it needed at least 100 soldiers to operate the artillery. The fortress, in general, has a different internal structure from other fortresses in this period and was described as the "miracle of the fortress". It also had a civilian
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During the archaeological exploration of the fortress in the 2015-2018 period, it was discovered that the modern fortress was predated by the much older architectural elements. Though not mentioned in historical records, there were artifacts pointing out to the pre-Roman habitation of the Celts.
244:. The fortress is located on a rock, which is from the northeast side tilted towards the Danube. It is assumed that the city was built on the opposite side from Haram fortress, which was located across the Danube and left no remnants. The remains of the city are in good condition.
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Close to the modern fortress, the remains of the Celtic fortified settlement Opidum have been found. Based on this, and the description of the Danube's bank in ancient texts which corresponds to the Ram's geography, some scholars suggested that this may be the location where
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An entire Roman mausoleum has been uncovered. The mausoleum has a diameter of 13 m (43 ft) and 3 m (9.8 ft) thick rampart walls, which points to its importance at the time. The location was referenced for the first time during the reign of emperor
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on the outers side, used as a shelter by the soldiers. The height and width of the ramparts varies, from 1.87 to 3.35 m (6 ft 2 in to 11 ft 0 in). The fortress is further surrounded by the moat and two smaller outer ramparts.
624:), which is located in the southwestern side of the fort. The towers have different bases, but are projected in regular pattern and built in the similar architectural conception. On the first floors of each tower there were cannon
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only surviving caravanserai in Serbia and one of the best preserved such facilities in the
Balkans. Construction of the church helped the preservation, as it prevented the further crumbling and theft of the building materials.
628:. The walls are 2 to 3.3 m (6 ft 7 in to 10 ft 10 in) thick. In order to prevent easy capture of the fortress, the upper floors could be reached only via the each tower's gate or the outer stairs.
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According to the legend, while the sultan was inspecting his troops, he stopped to take a rest on a small hill from which it had an excellent view on the Danube and the
Hungarian lands across the river. He fell asleep on
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on the Danube for the cruiser ships is also projected. Ministry of culture plans to adapt the entire village of Ram into the eco-museum while the 15 km (9.3 mi) long access road is under construction in 2019.
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fortresses. The fortress lost its strategic importance in 1521 when the
Ottomans defeated Hungarians and spread their territory across the Danube, thus leaving Ram Fortress in the hinterland of the Ottoman Empire.
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First phase of the reconstruction was extended to
November 2018, when the fortress should be reopened for visitors. This was extended to June 2019. The restorers used the same materials from the nearby
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697:, glass bombs, tools and antique vessels were also found. Some other artifacts point to the cultural function of the fortress, like glass, great number of small stone cannonballs (which were used as
272:. Geographically, the area surrounding the fortress is the Ram-Golubac Sand, a 30 km (19 mi) long and 5 km (3.1 mi) long sand area. It is a southern extension of the much larger
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There is a tower within the fortress, for decades described as the "Mysterious Tower". It has no windows and its purpose was complete unknown. Archaeologist supposed it might be a mosque or a
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On some older maps, the fortress is marked by the name Hram. In time, letter H got silent, and the name was shortened to Ram. It can't be confirmed whether this is a genuine
Serbian name as
564:. The plans for the renovation of the fortress were proposed in the 1980s, but nothing has been done on its revitalization until the 2010s. In the surrounding area there are still active
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rivers, at Danube's 1,075 km (668 mi). West of the fortress are lower (69 m (226 ft) high), marshy areas of the Danube's right bank, including the islands of
268:. East of Ram, the terrain elevates to 282 m (925 ft), at the Gorica Hill. At Ram, the Danube is 5 km (3.1 mi) wide, the widest except for the section at
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warfare. The city consists of 5 towers at four levels (three floors and the ground level), three on the east and two on the western rampart. Apart from the place, where the
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The majority of fortress, as it is today, originate from the 17th and 18th century, from the periods of frequent
Ottoman–Habsburg wars. The fortress was damaged in both
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Due to its elevated position on the rock above the major widening of the river, the fortress is described as allowing the view on the "most beautiful
Danubian dusk".
532:. Stojković also took 42 women from the fort's pasha's harem, and included them into his own harem. Ram was the starting point of the first Serbian international
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in Serbian means "temple", and there are indeed remains of various religious architecture from all different people who lived in the area, or Hram came via
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purpose, and the remains of the fireplaces have been found on upper floors. There are also remains of the mosque in the central part of the inner section.
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Below the towers there is a paved plateau. It is the starting point of the stone stairs which lead down to the bank of the Danube, and the ferry dock.
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in 1788. From then on, the life within the tower slowly withered, until the fortress was evacuated altogether by the Ottomans in the mid-19th century.
375:. He built the tower and dedicated it to the supreme Roman God, Jupiter.The inscription on the boulder tablet below the fortress there is inscription
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of some kind. During the 2010s surveys prior to the reconstruction, the table was discovered, placed by one of the legionnaires of the Roman emperor
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Ambitious plans were announced for the future, which include: construction of the motorway which would connect the fortress with the state capital,
774:. Further modernization of the complex includes the dock on the Danube for the cruiser ships and a new, 15 km (9.3 mi) long access road.
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were specifically made for the reconstruction. The fortress was reopened for visitors on 6 August 2019, after being "nearly perfectly" restored.
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encountered the Celtic delegation in the 4th century BC. Others proposed the area as one of possible battlefields between the Greeks and the
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of the Danube, the widening grew and flooded surrounding plains. The wetland, covering 50 km (19 sq mi), became known as
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455:. It was also built in order to enhance the protection from the Hungarian excursions from the north, provided by the existing
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709:. After restoration, all the items will be exhibited in the fortress. During the surveys, a ruler, which served as the
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The widening of the Danube at the mouths of Karaš and Nera was known as a Ram Lake. When the hydroelectrical plant
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Dragoljub Stevanović (18 November 2018). "Куле сада зову туристе" [The towers are now inviting tourists].
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Archaeological works were conducted in 1980. As of February 2018, the Ram Fortress is in very good condition. The
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is entered, there are four corner towers. The side towards and fort are surrounded by a low wall and wide dry
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with the maximum length of 35 m (115 ft) and width of 25 m (82 ft), designed to withstand
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By 2020 a pedestrian and bicycle paths should be finished. It will connect the fortress to the village of
568:. The river section below the fortress' foothills is a popular fishing area. The most common catch is the
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the period when Ram already wasn't functioning as a military camp anymore. Rifles from the 17th century,
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are in good state, except for the Southeast (Tower II), whose front part is almost completely destroyed.
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Bogdan Ibrajter (24 December 2017). "Ptice Labudovog okna" [The birds of Labudovo okno].
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units were stationed. The Roman complex probably had a religious purpose, but also served as an
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A permanent exhibition dedicated to the fortress is opened in the village's elementary school.
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examined during the 1980s. A plan for the reconstruction of Ram fortress was adopted in 2013.
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today. Sultan Bayazid II built the present fortifications in the form of an irregular
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The fortress is located on the bend of the Danube, right across the mouths of the
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across the Danube, in the Banat region. In order to boost the tourism, a
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428:(1480–1512) revised and strengthened the existing fortress for fighting
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The earliest record of the Ram Fortress dates back to 1128 AD, when the
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901:[Cultural monuments in Serbia - Ram Fortress] (in Serbian).
1223:"Yugoslavia, Monuments of Art" by Lazar Trifunovic, 1988, Belgrade
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557:, as a young man, worked as a customs officer in Ram for a while.
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The fortress was built from crushed stone and quality limestone
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432:. Built in 1483, Ram Fortress is one of the oldest artillery
549:, returned to Serbia from Russia in 1817. The fort hosted a
545:. It was also the location where rebellion's former leader,
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Folk stories also survived claiming the area was visited by
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1867:* is used for castles located in the disputed territory of
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began to fill its reservoir in the late 1960s, due to the
1069:"Svetski dan vlažnih područja Dan Ramsara 2 Februar 2015"
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region and the two sand areas are divided by the Danube.
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Serbian forces entered the fortress in 1806, during the
713:, was discovered. It measures 76 cm (30 in).
1203:Рамска тврђава може да привуче туристе (in Serbian)
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1168:[Renovation of the medieval Ram fortress].
303:wetland of international importance on 1 May 2006.
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421:In order to protect the right bank of the Danube
1140:[Ram Fortress opens its gates in June].
377:To Jupiter, the greatest and the mightiest, the
1898:Cultural Monuments of Great Importance (Serbia)
440:and Bayezid II built it after he finished the
1908:Demolished buildings and structures in Serbia
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410:in the area. After victories in this region,
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631:The pathway made of towers and ramparts had
385:" Gaius Licinius Rufinus dedicates the table
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1598:Palace of Laslo Karačonji in Novo Miloševo
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592:. The bricks were used for the arches and
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1690:Small Palace Lazarević in Veliko Središte
1399:Grand palace Lazarević in Veliko Središte
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898:Споменици културе у Србији - Тврђава Рам
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616:in front of it. City entrance is at the
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394:in the first half of the fifth century.
1610:Palace Servijski-Šulpe in Novi Kneževac
1509:Palace Biserno Ostrvo in Bačko Gradište
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1499:Patriarchate Court in Sremski Karlovci
1355:Clerical High School of Saint Arsenije
1002:[Reconstructed Ram Fortress].
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1864:Immovable Cultural Heritage of Serbia
1592:Palace Marcibanji in Sremska Kamenica
1164:Olivera Milošević (19 January 2018).
1144:(in Serbian). 3 May 2019. p. 13.
1138:"Рамска тврђава у јуну отвара капије"
7:
903:Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
492:During the 18th century and various
1328:Bisingen Nippenburg Palace in Vršac
1257:Castles, fortresses and palaces in
1166:"Obnova srednjovekovne tvrđave Ram"
1107:[In Ram as in Schönbrunn].
1103:Mirjana Nikić (6 September 2019).
998:Olivera Milošević (7 August 2019).
1860:Palaces and Manor Houses in Serbia
1503:Palace Baba Pusta in Aleksa Šantić
1034:Nebojša Janković (28 March 2021).
741:Ram Fortress during reconstruction
479:Concurrently with the fortress, a
14:
1687:Small Palace Danijel in Stari Lec
1607:Palace Rogendorf in Banatski Dvor
1589:Palace Marcibanji-Lederer in Čoka
1396:Grand palace Danijel in Stari Lec
952:Fortresses on the Danube-article
1841:
1631:Palace Zobnatica in Bačka Topola
1595:Palace Nojhauzen in Srpska Crnja
1586:Palace Maldegem in Novi Kneževac
1544:Palace Ilion in Sremski Karlovci
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1186:http://www.velikogradiste.org.rs
807:List of fortifications in Serbia
791:
414:focused their activities on the
71:
64:
48:
1918:Roman auxiliary forts in Serbia
1786:Villa Vamošer in Bački Monoštor
1625:Palace Talijan in Novi Kneževac
1038:[Jewel of the Danube].
536:during the uprising, headed by
299:Category IV and was declared a
141:Municipality of Veliko Gradište
1619:Palace Stratimirović in Kulpin
1601:Palace of Miloš Bajić in Bočar
1565:Palace Kapetanovo in Stari Lec
916:http://virtuelnimuzejdunava.rs
217:
1:
1783:Villa Stanković in Čortanovci
1771:Villa Mavrokordato in Kikinda
1571:Palace Kaštel in Bačka Topola
1042:(in Serbian). pp. 20–21.
866:(in Serbian). pp. 19–21.
720:line which connects Ram with
673:Ram Fortress overlooking the
1780:Villa Rizenfelder in Kikinda
1616:Palace Sokolac in Novi Bečej
1518:Palace Damaskin in Hajdučica
1515:Palace Bisinger in Vlajkovac
1512:Palace Bisingen in Vlajkovac
1342:Building of the Patriarchate
1322:Bishop' s Palace in Novi Sad
966:Turističko područje Beograda
1856:Forts and Castles in Serbia
1792:Villa Šulho Vebera in Padej
1777:Villa Pejačević in Jarkovci
1506:Palace Bezeredi in Čelarevo
1000:"Obnovljena ramska tvrđava"
346:Alexander's Balkan campaign
223:
1934:
1741:Villa Danijel in Zrenjanin
1562:Palace Jovanović in Sočica
1541:Palace Hertelendi in Bočar
1524:Palace Dunđerski in Kulpin
1040:Politika-Magazin, No. 1226
949:http://srpska.etleboro.com
864:Politika-Мagazin, No. 1103
1850:
1839:
1750:Villa Engelman in Gunaroš
1613:Palace Sečenji in Temerin
1574:Palace Kaštel in Panonija
1559:Palace Jagodić near Konak
1550:Palace Ingus in Hajdukovo
1547:Palace in Gornja Rogatica
1528:Palace Eđešeg in Novi Sad
1325:Bishop' s Palace in Vršac
1174:(in Serbian). p. 14.
932:http://www.cooperation.rs
514:Koča's frontier rebellion
215:
59:
47:
30:
1789:Villa Vlaškalić, Mošorin
1351:Castle Šlos in Golubinci
1111:(in Serbian). p. 1.
1104:
897:
733:2017-2019 reconstruction
1774:Villa Pece in Mali Iđoš
1634:Palace Špicer in Beočin
1521:Palace Danijel in Konak
1413:Jerinin Grad, Brangović
1208:Accessed on 25. 4. 2013
954:Аccessed on 16. 6. 2014
937:Аccessed on 16. 6. 2014
920:Аccessed on 16. 6. 2014
555:Vuk Stefanović Karadžić
116:44.812845°N 21.330298°E
1683:Ruthenian Court in Šid
1622:Palace Tabori in Vrbas
1604:Palace Redl in Rastina
1580:Palace Kovač in Riđica
1568:Palace Karas in Horgoš
1532:Palace Gomboš in Bečej
1418:Jerinin Grad, Grabovac
1191:Аccessed on 16.6.2014.
770:, on the shore of the
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677:
580:
521:First Serbian Uprising
1747:Villa Elek, Zrenjanin
1641:Petrovaradin Fortress
1553:Palace in Karađorđevo
1538:Palace Hercl in Vrbas
1535:Palace Hadik in Futog
1189:Ram Fortress article
1105:У Раму као у Шенбурну
935:Ram Fortress article
918:Ram Fortress article
740:
711:construction standard
672:
578:
494:Ottoman–Habsburg wars
1768:Villa Lujza in Palić
1765:Villa in Savino Selo
1753:Villa Ertl in Odžaci
1733:Toman Villa in Vrbas
1656:Prizrenac (fortress)
1628:Palace Zako in Bajša
1583:Palace Lazar in Ečka
1577:Palace Kiš in Elemir
364:point on the river.
232:, in the village of
121:44.812845; 21.330298
1036:"Dragulj na Dunavu"
338:Alexander the Great
112: /
1903:Braničevo District
1744:Villa Divan, Sajan
1694:Smederevo Fortress
1668:Prokuplje Fortress
1488:Novo Brdo Fortress
1463:Mileševac Fortress
1347:Braničevo Fortress
1109:Politika-Moja kuća
968:. Geokarta. 2007.
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678:
581:
406:army defeated the
236:, municipality of
16:Fortress in Serbia
1875:
1874:
1556:Palace in Melenci
1438:Kruševac Fortress
1318:Belgrade Fortress
975:978-86-459-0099-2
530:Milenko Stojković
383:Legio VII Claudia
204:
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1925:
1913:Byzantine Serbia
1845:
1796:Vojinovića Tower
1756:Villa in Kikinda
1662:Prizren Fortress
1637:Pančevo Fortress
1468:Morović Fortress
1403:Harilaq Fortress
1386:Golubac Fortress
1360:Dardana Fortress
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474:Battle of Mohács
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1888:Forts in Serbia
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1822:Zvečan Fortress
1709:Stalać Fortress
1473:Nenadović Tower
1332:Bolvan Fortress
1308:Banovina Palace
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914:
910:
899:
895:
894:
871:
861:
860:
825:
820:
797:
792:
790:
787:
764:
735:
705:), and Chinese
667:
662:
586:
490:
444:
416:Pannonian Basin
400:
379:standard-bearer
333:
317:
312:
250:
238:Veliko Gradište
149:the public
148:
120:
118:
114:
111:
106:
103:
101:
99:
98:
90:
89:
88:
87:
86:
85:
84:
82:
80:
76:
55:
39:
37:Veliko Gradište
31:
25:
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1931:
1929:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1880:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1835:
1830:
1828:Šabac Fortress
1825:
1819:
1817:Zemun Fortress
1814:
1809:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1762:Villa in Palić
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1734:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1659:
1653:
1648:
1646:Pirot Fortress
1643:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
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1599:
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1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
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1542:
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1501:
1496:
1491:
1485:
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1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1357:
1352:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1337:Borač Fortress
1334:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1289:
1287:
1271:
1270:
1256:
1254:
1253:
1246:
1239:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1194:
1177:
1147:
1114:
1074:
1060:
1045:
1009:
981:
974:
957:
940:
923:
908:
869:
822:
821:
819:
816:
815:
814:
809:
803:
802:
786:
783:
763:
760:
734:
731:
703:balance scales
666:
663:
661:
658:
585:
582:
566:charcoal kilns
489:
486:
442:Kulič Fortress
423:Ottoman sultan
412:Byzantine army
399:
396:
392:Attila the Hun
332:
329:
325:folk etymology
316:
313:
311:
308:
274:Deliblato Sand
249:
246:
202:
201:
198:
194:
193:
190:
186:
185:
179:
175:
174:
171:
167:
166:
162:
161:
158:
154:
153:
150:
144:
143:
138:
134:
133:
129:
128:
96:
92:
91:
78:
77:
70:
69:
63:
62:
61:
60:
57:
56:
53:
45:
44:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1930:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1870:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1854:
1849:
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1826:
1823:
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1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1759:Villa in Kula
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1729:Trojanov Grad
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
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1692:
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1679:
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1627:
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1618:
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1612:
1609:
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1600:
1597:
1594:
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1588:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
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1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1252:
1247:
1245:
1240:
1238:
1233:
1232:
1229:
1222:
1221:
1217:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1181:
1178:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1133:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1075:
1071:(in Serbian).
1070:
1064:
1061:
1057:(in Serbian).
1056:
1049:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1010:
1006:(in Serbian).
1005:
1001:
994:
992:
990:
988:
986:
982:
977:
971:
967:
961:
958:
955:
951:
950:
944:
941:
938:
934:
933:
927:
924:
921:
917:
912:
909:
904:
900:
892:
890:
888:
886:
884:
882:
880:
878:
876:
874:
870:
865:
858:
856:
854:
852:
850:
848:
846:
844:
842:
840:
838:
836:
834:
832:
830:
828:
824:
817:
813:
810:
808:
805:
804:
800:
799:Serbia portal
789:
784:
782:
780:
775:
773:
769:
761:
759:
756:
753:
747:
739:
732:
730:
727:
723:
722:Stara Palanka
719:
714:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
690:
687:
683:
676:
675:Labudovo okno
671:
664:
659:
657:
654:
650:
648:
645:
641:
638:
634:
629:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
597:
595:
591:
583:
577:
573:
571:
567:
563:
558:
556:
552:
548:
544:
541:
540:
535:
531:
528:
527:
522:
517:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
488:Modern period
487:
485:
482:
477:
475:
471:
465:
462:
458:
454:
448:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
424:
419:
417:
413:
409:
405:
397:
395:
393:
388:
386:
384:
380:
374:
370:
365:
363:
359:
355:
349:
347:
343:
339:
330:
328:
326:
322:
314:
309:
307:
304:
302:
298:
294:
293:Labudovo okno
290:
286:
281:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
247:
245:
243:
239:
235:
231:
225:
213:
209:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
180:
178:Built by
176:
172:
168:
163:
159:
155:
151:
145:
142:
139:
135:
130:
125:
97:
93:
67:
58:
51:
46:
42:
38:
34:
29:
20:
1852:
1801:Vršac Castle
1673:Ram Fortress
1672:
1478:Niš Fortress
1458:Markovo Kale
1313:Bač Fortress
1293:Amidža Konak
1207:
1202:
1197:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1169:
1141:
1108:
1063:
1054:
1048:
1039:
1003:
965:
960:
953:
948:
943:
936:
931:
926:
919:
911:
863:
776:
765:
757:
748:
744:
715:
691:
679:
655:
651:
642:
630:
621:
598:
587:
584:Architecture
559:
537:
524:
518:
491:
481:caravanserai
478:
469:
466:
420:
401:
389:
376:
366:
362:orienteering
350:
334:
320:
318:
305:
282:
251:
208:Ram Fortress
207:
205:
184:(ordered by)
165:Site history
147:Open to
79:Ram Fortress
54:Ram Fortress
22:Ram Fortress
812:Ram, Serbia
772:Silver Lake
716:There is a
637:battlements
570:silver carp
445: [
224:Tvrđava Ram
218:Тврђава Рам
189:In use
119: /
95:Coordinates
83:Tvrđava Ram
81:Тврђава Рам
26:Tvrđava Ram
24:Тврђава Рам
1882:Categories
1812:Zelen-grad
1737:Vidin Grad
1719:Stari Grad
1714:Stari Dvor
1443:Kurvingrad
1423:Kapetanovo
1366:Diana Fort
1280:fortresses
818:References
695:small arms
647:fireplaces
626:embrasures
562:World Wars
534:delegation
426:Bayezid II
408:Hungarians
404:Byzantines
398:Middle Age
240:, eastern
182:Bayezid II
107:21°19′49″E
104:44°48′46″N
1853:See also:
1724:Stari Ras
1704:Soko Grad
1699:Soko Grad
1483:Novi Dvor
1381:Gamzigrad
707:porcelain
665:Condition
547:Karađorđe
510:1788-1791
506:1735-1739
502:1716-1718
498:1683-1699
457:Smederevo
453:Smederevo
344:, during
331:Antiquity
289:backwater
262:Čibuklija
197:Materials
157:Condition
1678:Ravanica
1651:Prilepac
1494:Ostrvica
1453:Manasija
1391:Gradište
1376:Fetislam
1206:b92.net
1171:Politika
1142:Politika
1055:Politika
1004:Politika
785:See also
779:Belgrade
701:for the
686:Ramparts
633:parapets
610:fortress
602:pentagon
579:Interior
430:firearms
381:of the "
373:Claudius
342:Triballi
285:Đerdap I
248:Locality
1371:Fantast
1285:palaces
1275:Castles
1218:Sources
768:Zatonje
699:weights
660:Present
644:Masonry
620:tower (
551:customs
526:vojvoda
461:Golubac
358:cavalry
310:History
276:in the
270:Golubac
212:Serbian
1869:Kosovo
1806:Zatrič
1448:Maglič
1433:Koznik
1303:Atanas
1298:Anište
1283:&
1267:Serbia
1264:
972:
762:Future
682:towers
622:donžon
606:cannon
594:vaults
590:mortar
438:Serbia
369:pantry
354:Trajan
301:Ramsar
266:Ostrvo
242:Serbia
230:Danube
41:Serbia
1833:Žrnov
1428:Kovin
1408:Jeleč
752:shale
718:ferry
635:with
539:prota
470:ihram
451:near
449:]
434:forts
278:Banat
254:Karaš
200:Stone
170:Built
137:Owner
970:ISBN
726:pier
618:keep
614:moat
459:and
321:hram
315:Name
297:IUCN
264:and
258:Nera
256:and
206:The
173:1483
160:Good
436:in
234:Ram
152:Yes
33:Ram
1884::
1862:,
1858:,
1150:^
1117:^
1077:^
1012:^
984:^
872:^
826:^
572:.
508:,
504:,
500:,
447:sr
418:.
387:.
348:.
221:/
214::
192:No
35:,
1824:*
1808:*
1664:*
1658:*
1490:*
1393:*
1362:*
1277:,
1250:e
1243:t
1236:v
1210:.
978:.
905:.
496:(
210:(
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