672:
and Assam and few of them are also found in
Mizoram. (for further information please see Scheduled Tribes Orders Second (Amendment) Acts, 2002, Government of India) However, the official recognition of the Old Kuki tribes in Tripura is now in different forms. The Ranglong tribe is now merged with Halam, the Rangkhol/Hrangkhawl with Kuki and the Hallam/Halam is directly recognized as Halam tribe. As the earlier scholars grouped both the Ranglong and Hallam under Old Kuki, it could be inferred that the migratory route of the two Old Kuki tribes must be the same. Hence, it can be further surmised that there must have been huge magnitude of population intermixture in between the two tribes. S. B. K. Dev Varman comments that, " came into contact with the ruling dynasty of the day and accepted the suzerainty of the kings of Tripura. They are known as 'Mila Kukis' also. The Kukis call them 'Ranglong".
680:. But as the Ranglong began to recuperate their past distinct identity, they have gradually started using the tribe's name (Ranglong) as their surname. At present, the Ranglongs are having well awareness about their distinct identity as a separated tribe. They have been acknowledging their identity as Ranglong in different socio-cultural activities. They have their own distinct and organized customary law called Halamasa which is a customary law given by the then Tripura Maharajas. It has been practiced for last fifty years (approximately) and major disputes within the group are solved and adjudicated on the basis of their customary law. Internal disputes among themselves hardly reach the general court, accepting few cases that are beyond the capacity to solve by village level council.
615:
merged them. However, both young and older generations of the
Ranglongs have been slowly and steadily regaining their old identity in recent years. They have been identifying themselves very vocally in their distinct as 'Ranglong' and have acknowledged their common identity through diverse socio-cultural activities. The Ranglong Youth Association (RYA), a registered association under Societies Registration Act of 1860 and the only umbrella organization, has been playing a significant role for the socio-cultural uplift of the Ranglong community since its inception in 1994. There is anticipation among the Ranglongs that unless the respective state administration does not take some proactive measures to support this change then they may continue to be victims of injustice.
514:, having a total population of approximately 12 thousand Ranglong individuals. It is unclear whether they are still in existence in the Sylhet district of Bangladesh, Manipur and Myanmar. There is limited information about their existence in those regions. In the state of Tripura they are mainly concentrated in the hilly terrain of the North Tripura revenue district, under Dharmanagar and Panisagar revenue sub-division, bordering Assam, and in the Dhalai district of Tripura. Most of the Ranglong villages in Tripura are found adjacent to National Highway No. 08, with a few exceptions located a distance of five to ten kilometers away. Considerable numbers of Langkei and Dap clans of the Ranglong community are also found in a few interior villages of
599:(UNESCO) as a critically endangered language among the 42 languages and 197 endangered languages in India according to the Press Information Bureau, Government of India, MHRD, 6th Aug. 2014. The Ranglong people have been amalgamated with other Indian groups since colonisation. However, scholars have clarified them as a distinct people. G. H. Damant identified the Ranglong community under Old Kuki as distinct from the Bete, Khelma and Rangkhol Communities. C. A. Soppit also clearly referenced the community of Ranglong. G. A. Grierson had again identified the Ranglong as a separate community and accordingly undertook detailed linguistic research on Ranglong language.
668:, the Ranglong, Rangkhol, Bete, Hallam, Aimol, Kolren, Kom, Cha, Mhar, Anal, Hiroi-Lamgang and Puru' were identified as belonging to the Old Kuki group. Again, according to Kenneth VanBik, the Ranglong, Aimol, Chiru, Purum, Kom, Hrangkhol, Halam, Kolhreng, Luhupa, Tarau, Anal, Biate, and Vaiphei were also categorized as Old Kuki. It is difficult to clearly differentiate the Old Kuki and New Kuki considering the present socio-cultural setting among hill tribes. As per the Scheduled Tribes Orders Second (Amendment) Acts, 2002, the Government of India identifies some tribal communities in the northeastern states under Kuki and not necessary as Old Kuki and New Kuki.
1398:
636:
684:
Ranglongs (accepting some of them) who identify as 'Ranglong' within their locality identify themself as Halam if they are physically outside or beyond the local areas and especially among the non-Scheduled Tribes populace. For instance, if one
Ranglong from Koileng (Bagbasa) of North Tripura identify as 'Ranglong' within that locality, they may also identify as belonging to the Halam tribe after reaching
36:
624:
671:
As per the identification and categorization of Old Kuki tribes by the above-mentioned scholars there are three tribes found in
Tripura. They are the Ranglong, Rangkhol and Halam.' According to the record of the Scheduled Tribes List, most of the other Old Kuki tribes are at present found in Manipur
461:
The settlement of the
Ranglong at the confluence of the Tiruong and Tivai (Tipaimukh) rivers may date to approximately 1500 to 1600 CE. From there, they followed the river downstream till they reached Barak Valley and thereafter dispersed in different directions. Considerable numbers of the Ranglong
582:
is sometimes one of the names of the
Ranglong people. Within the native dwellers, and even by the government of Mizoram, the river is still recognised as Langkei rather than the alternative version. Since they are believed to be the first settlers on the bank of river Langkei, the river ultimately
606:
Furthermore, Colonel
Shakespeare highlights the Ranglong language as distinct to other tribal languages. Kenneth VanBik, in his research works on, 'Proto-Kuki-Chin: A Reconstructed Ancestor of the Kuki-Chin Language' grouped the Ranglong with Old Kuki as against Halam, Rangkhol, Aimol, etc. M. K.
346:
In trying to distinguish between the two Kuki groups, G.A. Grierson further said, 'Not only do their customs and institutions differ considerably, but their languages are separated by a large group of dialects in the Lushai and Chin Hills. The so-called New Kukis are, so far as we can see, a Chin
614:
Due to their merging with different communities in three federated states in India, most members of the
Ranglong community are using the new groups with whom they were merged as their surname. They are officially compelled to identify themselves to a community with which the state government has
688:
town of North
Tripura. As the Ranglong tribe is officially merged with Halam tribe, few peoples outside the inhabited areas of Ranglong know about the separate existence of Ranglong tribe. Hence, for any official purpose and for making any sorts of official correspondence they have to identify
683:
Although the
Ranglongs understand that many renowned scholars identify and categorized the two tribes Ranglong and Halam as distinct and separate, they (the Ranglong) still identify themselves as Halam relating to any official matter that is beyond the purview of the Ranglong tribes. So, many
610:
At present, the status of the community is such that it has no official recognition as Ranglong in their respective federated states. The respective state administration has instead merged them with different communities. The Ranglongs in Tripura has been merged with the Halam and Tripuri
545:
The Ranglongs have been settled in their current locations for around the last 400 to 500 years. This is evident from the names of the places in their locality that are officially recognized by the governments of Assam, Tripura and Mizoram. For instance, there is a river called
454:, adjoining the Champhai revenue district of Mizoram and occupying an important place in the history and culture of Kuki-Chin ethnic groups. They still have a sense of belonging to that lake due to its direct linkages with their social history. The Ranglong would also chant "
611:
Communities, whereas in Assam they have been merged with the Kuki, Rangkhol/Hrangkhawl and Tripuri Communities. In Mizoram, they were merged with Rangkhol/Hrangkhawl and any other Mizo tribes (as per the Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes Orders 'Amendment' Act 1976).
587:, which is actually the name of a flower found naturally in that area, and so that particular area was named after the solngui flower. The Ranglongs once settled in Solgoi areas before moving the upstream of the river Langkei (Longai) bordering Mizoram and Tripura.
583:
got the name from the native dwellers. Similarly, there is a name of a locality officially called Solgoi in the Patherkandi revenue circle of Karimganj revenue district of Assam. It is, however. an incorrect pronunciation of the Ranglong word
675:
As the Ranglong are officially merged with the Halam, regardless of the Ranglong being identified as a separate tribe from the Halam under Old Kuki by many renowned scholars, the majority of the Ranglongs had used Halam as their
362:
of present-day Myanmar (formerly Burma). There is no tangible evidence as to why the Ranglongs migrated from the Kabaw Valley of Burma. G. H. Damant said that the so-called Kukis "are a migratory race, living by
643:
The tribes belonging to the Kuki in India and Chin in Burma are the same. The first known reference to the term Kuki was made in 1777 CE in connection to the tribesmen who attacked the British subjects in
1810:
1801:
660:
meaning "peculiar or unusual people". Prim S. Vaiphei believes that it was a derogatory name given to the outsiders to an ethnic group of people living in western Burma, North East India, and Bangladesh.
607:
Bhasin, in his research works, 'Genetics of Castes and Tribes of India: Indian Population Milieu' also clearly identifies the Ranglong as a separate community alongside Lushai/Mizo, Rangkhol, Halam, etc.
1123:
Matisoff, J.A., Baron, S.P., and Lowe, J.B. (1996), 'Languages and Dialects of Tibeto-Burman,' Center for Southeast Asia Studies, Monograph Series No. 2, Berkeley: University of California.
350:
Since the Ranglong tribe is Old Kuki, their origin and phases of migration are the same as other Kuki-Chin ethnic groups. They were believed to have migrated from some Chinese provinces to
1126:
Mortensen, D, and Keogh, J. (2011), 'Sorbung, an Undocumented Language of Manipur: Its Phonoplgy and Place in Tibeto-Burman' in 'Journal of the South Asian Linguistic Society' Vol. 4(1).
300:
used the term Ranglong, while C. A. Soppitt used Langrong. At present, the people identify themselves with the term Ranglong, although some of their co-related ethnic tribes like the
2052:
2764:
339:
peoples, among others. The categories of Old and New Kuki are used to identify them in relation to their period of migration and contact with the plain population of northeast
1195:
1120:
Mackenzie, A. (1884), 'History of the Relations of the Government of with the Hill Tribes of North-East Frontier of Bengal' Calcutta: Home Department Press.
652:
was made the Governor General of Bengal. There are many theories about the origin of the word Kuki. Some believe that it derives from the Baluchistan word
2045:
2757:
1091:
Government of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development, (2014), 'Protection and Preservation of Endangered Languages in India,' New Delhi, India.
4264:
595:
The Ranglong community has become a minority in their present respective Indian federated states. The Ranglong language has also been declared by the
1046:
Bhasin, M. K. (2007), 'Racial, Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Elements in Indian Population' in Journal of 'Indian Anthropology' India: Haryana.
276:. The majority of the Ranglong people live in a small and densely-packed area in the northeastern part of India, mainly in the border areas of
2038:
2750:
4269:
347:
tribe, most closely related to the inhabitants of the Northern Chin Hills, while the Old Kukis are related the tribes more to the south'.
1154:
Yetman R. Norman (1991), 'Majority and Minority: The Dynamics of Race and Ethnicity in American Life' Boston: Allyn and Bacon publisher.
1188:
1051:
Damant, G. H. (April 1880). "Notes on the Locality and Population of the Tribes dwelling between the Brahmaputra and Ningthi Rivers".
119:
1397:
1114:
Isaacs, H. Robert (1975), 'Idols of the Tribe: Group Identity and Political Change' Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
1922:
534:
and Mizoram. A few villages are also under the Katlicherra revenue circle of Hailakandi district, and Sonai revenue circle of
2785:
1181:
57:
4259:
4254:
4136:
3655:
2959:
470:. This is evident from G.A. Grierson's comparison of the population of Ranglong language speakers in Sylhet and the North
296:
The term Ranglong is used interchangeably with Langrong by different scholars and writers. For instance, G. H. Damant and
3787:
2516:
2061:
1927:
1583:
1094:
Government of India, Ministry of Home Affairs, 'The Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes Orders (Amendment) Act', 1976.]
4244:
2365:
2163:
1980:
1628:
1266:
100:
4249:
2226:
1973:
1550:
72:
46:
1873:
1320:
1241:
794:
Grierson, George A. (April 1904). "An Ahom Cosmogony, with a Translation and a Vocabulary of the Ahom Language".
53:
1370:
79:
1954:
1557:
367:
cultivation and preferring the densest forests". After their migration from the Kabaw Valley, they entered the
1618:
1100:
Halam, T. (2013), 'An Introduction to the History of Ranglong,' Agartala: Tribal Research Institute, Tripura.
3880:
3525:
2637:
2491:
2078:
1948:
1734:
1151:
Thurgood, G, and LaPolla, J.R. Edition, (2003), 'The Sino-Tibetan Languages' London: Routledge Publication.
1117:
Khoilamthang, (2001), 'A Phonological Reconstruction of Proto Chin' Chiang Mai: Payap University, Thailand.
316:
312:
297:
1701:
1097:
Grierson, G.A. (1904), 'The Linguistic Survey of India' Vol. III, Part-III, New Delhi: Kalpaz Publication.
550:
used as an inter-state boundary among the three mentioned Indian federated states. This river connects the
4151:
3776:
3559:
2979:
2597:
1994:
1987:
1767:
1204:
483:
379:
209:
86:
3275:
3908:
3767:
3177:
3139:
1937:
1887:
1443:
1157:
Young Q. Philip (2000), 'Ethnic Studies: Issues and Approaches' New York: State University of New York.
386:, and settled in and around the confluence of the Tiruong and Tivai rivers, which is commonly known as
4123:
4114:
3684:
3371:
3317:
2941:
2592:
2574:
2388:
2118:
1749:
1595:
1541:
665:
600:
68:
664:
According to G. H. Damant, the Ranglong, Bete, Khelma and Rangkhol were the Old Kukis. According to
4041:
3865:
3702:
3568:
3326:
2988:
2476:
2469:
2464:
2259:
2069:
1932:
1522:
1349:
1280:
458:", which means "in the bank of the confluence of river Tiruong and Tivai where we used to settle".
443:
214:
936:. Agartala: Directorate of Research, Tribal Research Institute, Government of Tripura. p. 35.
4084:
3366:
3303:
3026:
2932:
2607:
2355:
2350:
2249:
1773:
1382:
1248:
1076:
1027:
749:
555:
4204:
4199:
4022:
4002:
3992:
3737:
3712:
3629:
3596:
3545:
3447:
3293:
3187:
3051:
3046:
3041:
2949:
2893:
2665:
2582:
2378:
2322:
2284:
2254:
1881:
1841:
1819:
1784:
1778:
1743:
1681:
1675:
1655:
1449:
1437:
1420:
1328:
1274:
1254:
1068:
811:
741:
515:
4214:
4164:
4141:
4131:
3961:
3951:
3938:
3870:
3837:
3822:
3807:
3616:
3606:
3540:
3520:
3499:
3484:
3471:
3452:
3442:
3411:
3376:
3235:
3225:
3212:
3099:
3056:
2969:
2954:
2862:
2852:
2685:
2670:
2652:
2622:
2564:
2549:
2539:
2486:
2423:
2398:
2337:
2299:
2289:
2279:
2201:
2153:
2128:
2123:
2113:
1902:
1862:
1832:
1806:
1756:
1714:
1623:
1600:
1493:
1480:
1473:
1430:
1355:
1218:
1060:
1019:
803:
733:
395:
358:", meaning "our place of settlement is Durnai Valley". Durnai Valley is believed to be the
4209:
4179:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4079:
4069:
4054:
4049:
4027:
3997:
3987:
3956:
3928:
3913:
3903:
3827:
3817:
3802:
3797:
3732:
3665:
3586:
3535:
3494:
3406:
3361:
3356:
3288:
3261:
3256:
3192:
3154:
3144:
3134:
3129:
3089:
3074:
3016:
2918:
2908:
2898:
2872:
2829:
2819:
2814:
2777:
2773:
2710:
2675:
2627:
2617:
2602:
2559:
2554:
2529:
2524:
2501:
2393:
2327:
2196:
2186:
2171:
2108:
2103:
1894:
1848:
1707:
1589:
1528:
1362:
1309:
1300:
1286:
649:
535:
491:
471:
201:
2373:
1088:
Geertz, Clifford (1973), 'The Interpretation of Cultures' Chicago: Basic Books publisher
4194:
4189:
4104:
4074:
4064:
4059:
3982:
3946:
3918:
3898:
3860:
3812:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3697:
3692:
3624:
3591:
3581:
3489:
3479:
3457:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3351:
3346:
3298:
3230:
3220:
3202:
3182:
3164:
3149:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3084:
3036:
3031:
3011:
3006:
2903:
2867:
2839:
2824:
2809:
2804:
2726:
2690:
2680:
2612:
2587:
2544:
2534:
2496:
2442:
2428:
2408:
2403:
2345:
2317:
2312:
2264:
2244:
2216:
2211:
2191:
2181:
2176:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2098:
2088:
1964:
1942:
1856:
1825:
1761:
1721:
1695:
1669:
1646:
1569:
1515:
1487:
1456:
1334:
1260:
559:
539:
328:
260:
93:
4238:
4219:
4184:
4169:
4159:
3966:
3923:
3890:
3832:
3727:
3722:
3707:
3670:
3660:
3634:
3601:
3576:
3530:
3504:
3437:
3432:
3341:
3283:
3240:
3104:
3094:
3079:
3066:
3021:
3001:
2996:
2964:
2877:
2857:
2796:
2731:
2660:
2642:
2632:
2481:
2413:
2383:
2307:
2274:
2269:
2239:
2234:
2093:
1688:
1610:
1376:
1341:
1293:
1080:
753:
324:
305:
1031:
3875:
3847:
3639:
3416:
3172:
2847:
2506:
2451:
2206:
1662:
1578:
1534:
1463:
1023:
570:. Because of the linguistic unfamiliarity of the plains populations, the accent of
487:
475:
423:
359:
336:
332:
320:
538:
district of Assam. In Mizoram, the Ranglongs settled in Zawlnuam sub-division of
17:
3855:
2459:
2008:
1223:
685:
551:
523:
301:
273:
178:
35:
2742:
950:. Tribal Research and Cultural Institute, Govt. of India. 2014. pp. 37–46.
558:
district of Assam, the Panisagar revenue sub-division in north Tripura and the
3197:
1064:
807:
737:
645:
479:
467:
319:
language family. Some of the ethnic tribes that speak those languages are the
1072:
815:
745:
2023:
indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches.
2001:
1642:
1407:
1214:
902:
Aheibam Koireng Singh (18 November 2016). "The Kuki Identity then and now".
527:
418:. The two rivers joined and flowed in a western direction, getting the name
253:
237:
2030:
656:, meaning "wandering people". Some others said that it comes from the word
635:
623:
1171:
Van den Berghe, L. Pierre (1987), 'The ethnic phenomenon' London: Preager
975:
244:
4174:
3717:
3109:
2913:
368:
1173:
987:
1503:
971:
Grierson G.A., Linguistic Survey of India, Vol - iii, Part - iii. p-207
677:
531:
519:
511:
503:
474:
Hills. Most of them came back from Sylhet following the river Langkei (
451:
383:
372:
351:
285:
277:
168:
160:
992:
Scheme for Protection and Preservation of Endangered Languages (SPPEL)
2418:
1416:
1231:
596:
463:
354:
and to northeast India. The Ranglongs used to chant in a folk song, "
1164:
Proto-Kuki-Chin: A reconstructed ancestor of the Kuki-Chin languages
414:
in Bengali, and the confluence of Tiruong and Tivai became known as
1144:
A short Account of the Kuki-Lushai Tribe on the North-East Frontier
1053:
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland
1007:
796:
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland
726:
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland
1412:
1227:
1008:"Genetics of Castes and Tribes of India: Indian Population Milieu"
634:
622:
507:
427:
340:
281:
164:
150:
597:
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
430:. In memory of those old settlements, the Ranglongs would chant "
917:
Prim S. Vaiphei (1995), "The Kukis", in Sanajaoba Naorem (ed.),
364:
2746:
2034:
1177:
29:
1166:. STEDP Monograph Series. Berkeley: University of California.
502:
The present settlement of Ranglong is found in three states;
530:
district, mostly on the bank of the river Longai bordering
921:, vol. 3, New Delhi: Mittal Publication, p. 126
619:
Old Kuki tribes in Tripura: Ranglong, Hrangkhol and Halam
948:
Khurpuitabum: An Introduction to the History of Ranglong
375:(then Lushai Hills) from approximately 1200 to 1300 CE.
765:
763:
858:
856:
854:
829:
827:
825:
704:
702:
566:
is a Bengali version of Ranglong terminology called
4150:
4122:
4113:
4040:
4015:
3975:
3937:
3889:
3846:
3786:
3775:
3766:
3683:
3648:
3615:
3567:
3558:
3513:
3470:
3425:
3334:
3325:
3316:
3274:
3249:
3211:
3163:
3065:
2987:
2978:
2940:
2931:
2886:
2838:
2795:
2784:
2719:
2703:
2651:
2573:
2515:
2450:
2441:
2364:
2336:
2298:
2225:
2162:
2077:
2068:
1963:
1915:
1872:
1800:
1733:
1641:
1609:
1567:
1502:
1405:
1319:
1212:
719:
717:
251:
235:
230:
198:
184:
174:
156:
146:
136:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
889:Ethnicity and Social Change: An Anthology of Essay
724:Grierson, George A. (July 1904). "Hastivanj".
2758:
2046:
1189:
1146:. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
8:
845:
4119:
3783:
3772:
3564:
3331:
3322:
2984:
2937:
2792:
2765:
2751:
2743:
2447:
2074:
2053:
2039:
2031:
1869:
1730:
1564:
1316:
1196:
1182:
1174:
1018:(3). Delhi: University of Delhi: 233–274.
631:girl with hnampon/nampon (Ranglong attire)
462:population even migrated to the extent of
311:G.H. Damant categorized Ranglong with the
133:
522:. In Assam, they are concentrated in the
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
698:
960:
874:
862:
833:
781:
769:
708:
562:revenue district of Mizoram. The term
1135:. Berkeley: University of California.
934:The tribes of Tripura: A dissertation
891:. Imphal: PC Jain and Co. p. 25.
272:is an ethnic people belonging to the
7:
378:They then moved farther towards the
58:adding citations to reliable sources
434:, meaning "Rili Champhai plains".
25:
4265:Ethnic groups in Northeast India
1396:
591:Ranglong as a distinct community
34:
498:Present settlements of Ranglong
45:needs additional citations for
1024:10.1080/09723757.2006.11885969
689:themselves as Halam for ease.
1:
932:Dev Varman, S. B. K. (2004).
442:means a lake or pond in the
4270:Ethnic groups in South Asia
1109:. London: Macmillan and Co.
4286:
1107:The Naga Tribes of Manipur
190:37,436 approx. (2022)
2018:
1394:
1065:10.1017/s0035869x00017494
919:Manipur: Past and Present
808:10.1017/S0035869X00031683
738:10.1017/s0035869x0003224x
406:. The accent of the term
141:
2062:Kuki-Chin–Naga languages
1162:VanBik, Kenneth (2009).
1131:Shakespeare, C. (1912).
988:"Ranglong Documentation"
887:Gangmumei Kamei (2002).
27:Language spoken in India
478:in Bengali), the river
1142:Soppit, C. A. (1887).
1105:Hodson, T. C. (1911).
1006:Bhasin, M. K. (2006).
640:
632:
554:revenue circle of the
484:North Tripura district
2653:Zemeic (Western Naga)
1923:Central Tibeto-Burman
638:
626:
450:) is a large lake in
4260:Languages of Tripura
4255:Languages of Mizoram
4137:Bishnupriya Manipuri
2960:Bishnupriya Manipuri
1133:The Lushei Kuki Clan
578:. In fact, the word
398:. It is also called
382:district of present
356:Nei omna Durnai phai
54:improve this article
4245:Kuki-Chin languages
1981:Proto-Tibeto-Burman
4250:Languages of Assam
1974:Proto-Sino-Tibetan
1916:Proposed groupings
846:Shakespeare (1912)
641:
633:
526:revenue circle of
456:Ruonglevaisuo kati
444:Kuki-Chin language
432:Rili champhai zol"
4232:
4231:
4228:
4227:
4036:
4035:
4011:
4010:
3679:
3678:
3554:
3553:
3466:
3465:
3312:
3311:
3270:
3269:
2927:
2926:
2740:
2739:
2699:
2698:
2452:Ao (Central Naga)
2437:
2436:
2028:
2027:
1911:
1910:
1796:
1795:
1637:
1636:
1392:
1391:
574:has changed into
267:
266:
130:
129:
122:
104:
18:Ranglong language
16:(Redirected from
4277:
4120:
3784:
3773:
3565:
3332:
3323:
2985:
2938:
2793:
2767:
2760:
2753:
2744:
2448:
2075:
2055:
2048:
2041:
2032:
1870:
1731:
1565:
1400:
1317:
1198:
1191:
1184:
1175:
1167:
1147:
1136:
1110:
1084:
1042:
1040:
1038:
995:
983:
964:
958:
952:
951:
944:
938:
937:
929:
923:
922:
914:
908:
907:
899:
893:
892:
884:
878:
872:
866:
860:
849:
843:
837:
831:
820:
819:
791:
785:
779:
773:
767:
758:
757:
721:
712:
706:
486:, and the river
263:
247:
240:
204:
193:REFERENCE NEEDED
134:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
4285:
4284:
4280:
4279:
4278:
4276:
4275:
4274:
4235:
4234:
4233:
4224:
4146:
4109:
4032:
4028:Nagamese creole
4007:
3971:
3933:
3885:
3842:
3789:
3778:
3762:
3675:
3644:
3611:
3550:
3509:
3462:
3421:
3308:
3266:
3245:
3207:
3159:
3061:
2974:
2923:
2882:
2834:
2787:
2780:
2778:Northeast India
2771:
2741:
2736:
2715:
2695:
2647:
2569:
2511:
2433:
2360:
2332:
2294:
2221:
2158:
2080:
2064:
2059:
2029:
2024:
2014:
1965:Proto-languages
1959:
1907:
1874:Greater Siangic
1868:
1805:
1792:
1729:
1633:
1605:
1563:
1507:
1498:
1410:
1401:
1388:
1321:Greater Magaric
1315:
1242:West Himalayish
1222:
1208:
1202:
1161:
1141:
1130:
1104:
1050:
1036:
1034:
1012:Int J Hum Genet
1005:
1002:
986:
974:
968:
967:
959:
955:
946:
945:
941:
931:
930:
926:
916:
915:
911:
901:
900:
896:
886:
885:
881:
873:
869:
861:
852:
844:
840:
832:
823:
793:
792:
788:
780:
776:
768:
761:
723:
722:
715:
707:
700:
695:
650:Warren Hastings
639:A Ranglong girl
621:
593:
500:
492:Dhalai district
410:was changed to
315:of the greater
294:
292:Ranglong people
259:
243:
236:
226:
205:
202:Language family
200:
191:
187:
186:Native speakers
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4283:
4281:
4273:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4237:
4236:
4230:
4229:
4226:
4225:
4223:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4156:
4154:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4128:
4126:
4117:
4111:
4110:
4108:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4046:
4044:
4038:
4037:
4034:
4033:
4031:
4030:
4025:
4019:
4017:
4013:
4012:
4009:
4008:
4006:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3979:
3977:
3973:
3972:
3970:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3943:
3941:
3935:
3934:
3932:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3895:
3893:
3887:
3886:
3884:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3852:
3850:
3844:
3843:
3841:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3794:
3792:
3781:
3770:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3689:
3687:
3681:
3680:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3652:
3650:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3621:
3619:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3573:
3571:
3562:
3556:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3517:
3515:
3511:
3510:
3508:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3476:
3474:
3468:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3461:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3429:
3427:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3338:
3336:
3329:
3320:
3314:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3280:
3278:
3272:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3264:
3259:
3253:
3251:
3247:
3246:
3244:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3217:
3215:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3169:
3167:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3071:
3069:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2993:
2991:
2982:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2946:
2944:
2935:
2929:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2890:
2888:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2844:
2842:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2801:
2799:
2790:
2782:
2781:
2772:
2770:
2769:
2762:
2755:
2747:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2734:
2729:
2723:
2721:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2713:
2707:
2705:
2701:
2700:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2657:
2655:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2579:
2577:
2571:
2570:
2568:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2521:
2519:
2517:Angami–Pochuri
2513:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2473:
2472:
2467:
2456:
2454:
2445:
2439:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2370:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2342:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2304:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2231:
2229:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2168:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2085:
2083:
2081:(Northwestern)
2072:
2066:
2065:
2060:
2058:
2057:
2050:
2043:
2035:
2026:
2025:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2012:
2005:
1998:
1991:
1984:
1977:
1969:
1967:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1957:
1955:Tibeto-Kanauri
1952:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1928:Kuki-Chin–Naga
1925:
1919:
1917:
1913:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1905:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1891:
1878:
1876:
1867:
1866:
1859:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1829:
1816:
1814:
1798:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1789:
1788:
1781:
1776:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1753:
1752:
1739:
1737:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1725:
1718:
1711:
1699:
1692:
1685:
1678:
1673:
1666:
1659:
1651:
1649:
1647:Southeast Asia
1639:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1615:
1613:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1586:
1584:Angami–Pochuri
1581:
1575:
1573:
1562:
1561:
1554:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1538:
1526:
1519:
1511:
1509:
1508:Burmese border
1500:
1499:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1484:
1477:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1460:
1453:
1446:
1441:
1426:
1424:
1403:
1402:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1386:
1373:
1368:
1367:
1366:
1359:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1338:
1325:
1323:
1314:
1313:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1297:
1290:
1278:
1271:
1270:
1269:
1264:
1252:
1245:
1237:
1235:
1210:
1209:
1203:
1201:
1200:
1193:
1186:
1178:
1169:
1168:
1149:
1148:
1138:
1137:
1112:
1111:
1086:
1085:
1059:(2): 228–258.
1044:
1043:
1001:
998:
997:
996:
984:
972:
966:
965:
953:
939:
924:
909:
894:
879:
877:, p. 268.
867:
850:
848:, p. 225.
838:
821:
802:(2): 207–213.
786:
774:
772:, p. 237.
759:
732:(3): 537–538.
713:
697:
696:
694:
691:
620:
617:
603:did the same.
592:
589:
499:
496:
308:use Langrong.
298:G. A. Grierson
293:
290:
265:
264:
257:
249:
248:
241:
233:
232:
231:Language codes
228:
227:
225:
224:
223:
222:
208:
206:
199:
196:
195:
188:
185:
182:
181:
176:
172:
171:
158:
154:
153:
148:
147:Native to
144:
143:
139:
138:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4282:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4157:
4155:
4153:
4149:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4125:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4112:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4043:
4039:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4014:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3974:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3940:
3936:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3896:
3894:
3892:
3888:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3849:
3845:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3791:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3765:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3688:
3686:
3682:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3653:
3651:
3647:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3618:
3614:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3570:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3557:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3518:
3516:
3512:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3477:
3475:
3473:
3469:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3428:
3424:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3339:
3337:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3315:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3279:
3277:
3273:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3252:
3248:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3214:
3210:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3166:
3162:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2990:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2977:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2965:Haflong Hindi
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2943:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2930:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2885:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2841:
2837:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2768:
2763:
2761:
2756:
2754:
2749:
2748:
2745:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2718:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2702:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2650:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2576:
2572:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2514:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2453:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2440:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2367:
2363:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2343:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2297:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2224:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2161:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2079:Southern Naga
2076:
2073:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2056:
2051:
2049:
2044:
2042:
2037:
2036:
2033:
2022:
2017:
2011:
2010:
2006:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1997:
1996:
1995:Proto-Karenic
1992:
1990:
1989:
1988:Proto-Loloish
1985:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1950:
1949:Tibeto-Burman
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1904:
1901:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1871:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1845:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1822:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1808:
1803:
1799:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1735:Burmo-Qiangic
1732:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1705:
1704:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1697:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1630:
1629:Jingpho–Luish
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1591:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1537:
1536:
1532:
1531:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1505:
1501:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1385:
1384:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1283:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1267:Baram–Thangmi
1265:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1246:
1244:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1199:
1194:
1192:
1187:
1185:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1172:
1165:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1145:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1108:
1103:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1049:
1048:
1047:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1004:
1003:
999:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
970:
969:
962:
961:Bhasin (2006)
957:
954:
949:
943:
940:
935:
928:
925:
920:
913:
910:
905:
904:Manipur Times
898:
895:
890:
883:
880:
876:
875:Bhasin (2006)
871:
868:
865:, p. 20.
864:
863:VanBik (2009)
859:
857:
855:
851:
847:
842:
839:
836:, p. 19.
835:
834:Hodson (1911)
830:
828:
826:
822:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
790:
787:
783:
782:Soppit (1887)
778:
775:
771:
770:Damant (1880)
766:
764:
760:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
720:
718:
714:
710:
709:Damant (1880)
705:
703:
699:
692:
690:
687:
681:
679:
673:
669:
667:
662:
659:
655:
651:
647:
637:
630:
625:
618:
616:
612:
608:
604:
602:
598:
590:
588:
586:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
543:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
497:
495:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
459:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
376:
374:
370:
366:
361:
357:
353:
348:
344:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
317:Tibeto-Burman
314:
309:
307:
303:
299:
291:
289:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
262:
258:
256:
255:
250:
246:
242:
239:
234:
229:
221:
218:
217:
216:
213:
212:
211:
207:
203:
197:
194:
189:
183:
180:
177:
173:
170:
166:
162:
159:
155:
152:
149:
145:
140:
135:
132:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
4152:Sino-Tibetan
3909:Khiamniungan
3178:Bangni-Tagin
2980:Sino-Tibetan
2148:
2020:
2007:
2000:
1993:
1986:
1979:
1972:
1947:
1893:
1886:
1861:
1847:
1840:
1831:
1824:
1783:
1768:Lolo-Burmese
1766:
1742:
1720:
1713:
1706:
1694:
1687:
1680:
1668:
1661:
1654:
1588:
1556:
1549:
1540:
1533:
1521:
1514:
1486:
1479:
1472:
1462:
1455:
1448:
1436:
1429:
1381:
1375:
1361:
1354:
1340:
1333:
1308:
1299:
1292:
1285:
1273:
1259:
1247:
1240:
1205:Sino-Tibetan
1170:
1163:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1143:
1132:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1106:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1083:. Art. VIII.
1056:
1052:
1045:
1035:. Retrieved
1015:
1011:
991:
979:
956:
947:
942:
933:
927:
918:
912:
903:
897:
888:
882:
870:
841:
799:
795:
789:
784:, p. 3.
777:
729:
725:
682:
674:
670:
666:T. C. Hodson
663:
657:
653:
642:
628:
613:
609:
605:
601:T. C. Hodson
594:
584:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
547:
544:
501:
494:of Tripura.
466:district of
460:
455:
447:
439:
435:
431:
424:Barak Valley
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
391:
387:
380:Churachanpur
377:
371:district of
360:Kabaw Valley
355:
349:
345:
327:, Rangkhol,
310:
295:
269:
268:
252:
219:
210:Sino-Tibetan
192:
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2593:Akyaung Ari
2009:Proto-Hakka
1938:Mahakiranti
1444:East Bodish
1224:Uttarakhand
686:Dharmanagar
552:Patherkandi
524:Patherkandi
482:in present
274:Kuki people
179:Kuki people
110:August 2022
4239:Categories
4124:Indo-Aryan
3881:YimchungrĂĽ
3866:Mongsen Ao
3703:Hakha Chin
2942:Indo-Aryan
2575:Tangkhulic
2492:YimchungrĂĽ
2477:Long Phuri
2470:Mongsen Ao
2465:Chungli Ao
1903:Idu–Taraon
1857:Miju–Meyor
1750:Gyalrongic
1596:Tangkhulic
1371:Raji–Raute
980:Ethnologue
976:"Ranglong"
818:. Art. IX.
693:References
646:Chittagong
542:district.
468:Bangladesh
80:newspapers
69:"Ranglong"
4085:Sikkimese
3569:Kuki-Chin
3560:Meghalaya
3367:Hrangkhol
3327:Kuki-Chin
3304:Tai Phake
3299:Tai Aiton
3188:Hill Miri
3027:Hrangkhol
2989:Kuki-Chin
2950:Assamese‎
2786:Arunachal
2774:Languages
2608:Champhung
2356:Rengmitca
2351:Mro-Khimi
2250:Hrangkhol
2070:Kuki-Chin
2002:Proto-Min
1933:Macro-Bai
1811:Arunachal
1804:(possible
1619:Boro–Garo
1523:Kuki-Chin
1506:and Indo-
1421:Arunachal
1408:Himalayas
1383:Tandrange
1350:Chepangic
1281:Dhimalish
1215:Himalayas
1081:162006568
1073:0035-869X
816:1356-1863
754:250351402
746:1356-1863
556:Karimganj
528:Karimganj
416:Tipaimukh
313:Old Kukis
254:Glottolog
238:ISO 639-3
215:Kuki-Chin
175:Ethnicity
4205:Tangkhul
4200:Ranglong
4175:Kokborok
4023:Assamese
4003:Tangkhul
3768:Nagaland
3738:Ranglong
3718:Kokborok
3630:Lyngngam
3546:Tangkhul
3448:Sakachep
3335:Northern
3294:Khamyang
3110:Kokborok
3052:Sakachep
3047:Saihriem
3042:Ranglong
2914:Nefamese
2894:Assamese
2666:Liangmai
2583:Tangkhul
2379:Thaiphum
2366:Southern
2323:Senthang
2285:Saihriem
2255:Sakachep
2164:Northern
2149:Ranglong
1807:isolates
1774:Mondzish
1702:Cai–Long
1450:Tshangla
1406:Eastern
1249:Tamangic
1219:Himachal
1213:Western
1207:branches
1032:52205468
629:Ranglong
516:Kamalpur
400:Tuiruong
369:Champhai
270:Ranglong
261:rang1267
220:Ranglong
142:Langrong
137:Ranglong
4215:Vaiphei
4165:Darlong
4142:Sylheti
4132:Bengali
4115:Tripura
4090:Sunwar‎
4055:Lepcha‎
3962:Rongmei
3952:Lamkang
3871:Sangtam
3838:Sopvoma
3823:Pochuri
3808:Kuzhami
3790:Pochuri
3788:Angami-
3779:Tibetan
3685:Mizoram
3607:Vaiphei
3541:Sopvoma
3521:Chairel
3500:Rongmei
3485:Khoirao
3453:Sorbung
3443:Monsang
3412:Vaiphei
3377:Lamkang
3318:Manipur
3276:Kra-Dai
3236:Rongmei
3226:Khoirao
3130:Singpho
3100:Kachari
3057:Vaiphei
2970:Sylheti
2955:Bengali
2863:Gallong
2853:Apatani
2815:Singpho
2788:Pradesh
2686:Khoirao
2671:Rongmei
2623:Challow
2550:Pochuri
2540:Sopvoma
2487:Sangtam
2424:Songlai
2399:Welaung
2290:Darlong
2280:Pangkhu
2227:Central
2202:Vaiphei
2154:Sorbung
2129:Monsang
2124:Lamkang
2114:Koireng
2021:Italics
1882:Siangic
1863:Songlin
1842:Kho-Bwa
1820:Hrusish
1802:Dubious
1785:Loloish
1779:Burmish
1744:Qiangic
1715:Longjia
1682:Karenic
1676:Nungish
1656:Sinitic
1542:Hkongso
1504:Myanmar
1474:Gongduk
1438:Tibetic
1356:Chepang
1329:Magaric
1275:Kiranti
1255:Newaric
1000:Sources
678:surname
585:solngui
580:Langkei
572:Langkei
568:Langkei
532:Tripura
520:Ambassa
512:Mizoram
504:Tripura
490:in the
452:Myanmar
422:in the
396:Bengali
384:Manipur
373:Mizoram
352:Myanmar
286:Mizoram
278:Tripura
169:Mizoram
161:Tripura
94:scholar
4210:Thadou
4180:Meitei
4100:Yakkha
4095:Tamang
4080:Sherpa
4075:Newar‎
4070:Nepali
4060:Limbu‎
4050:Gurung
4042:Sikkim
3998:Makury
3993:Khelma
3988:Chothe
3957:Mzieme
3929:Wancho
3914:Konyak
3904:Dimasa
3828:Rengma
3818:Ntenyi
3803:Chokri
3798:Angami
3733:Nga La
3713:Khelma
3666:Hajong
3617:Khasic
3597:Khelma
3587:Gangte
3536:Meitei
3526:Maring
3495:Puimei
3407:Thadou
3362:Gangte
3357:Chothe
3289:Khamti
3262:Meitei
3257:Hajong
3193:Mising
3155:Wancho
3145:Turung
3135:Tangsa
3090:Dimasa
3075:Barman
3017:Gangte
2919:Puimei
2909:Milang
2899:Hajong
2873:Tangam
2830:Wancho
2820:Tangsa
2720:Karbic
2711:Meitei
2704:Meitei
2676:Mzieme
2638:Maring
2628:Kongai
2618:Suansu
2603:Huishu
2598:Kachai
2560:Rengma
2555:Ntenyi
2530:Chokri
2525:Angami
2502:Makury
2419:Rungtu
2394:Nga La
2338:Khomic
2328:Zotung
2300:Maraic
2197:Sizang
2187:Gangte
2172:Thadou
2109:Kharam
2104:Chothe
1895:Milang
1849:Puroik
1833:Mijiic
1757:Ersuic
1708:Caijia
1624:Konyak
1590:Meitei
1494:Chamdo
1431:Bodish
1417:Bhutan
1363:Bhujel
1310:Lepcha
1301:Lhokpu
1287:Dhimal
1232:Sikkim
1079:
1071:
1037:2 July
1030:
814:
752:
744:
658:kooky,
576:Longai
564:Longai
548:Longai
536:Cachar
510:, and
488:Dhalai
476:Longai
472:Cachar
464:Sylhet
446:. It (
404:Tuivai
335:, and
325:Khelma
306:Thadou
157:Region
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
4195:Ralte
4190:Paite
4105:Yolmo
4065:Magar
4016:Other
3983:Chiru
3976:Other
3947:Inpui
3919:Nocte
3899:Chang
3861:Lotha
3813:Moyon
3777:Sino-
3758:Zyphe
3753:Tedim
3748:Ralte
3743:Paite
3698:Falam
3693:Biate
3656:Atong
3649:Other
3625:Khasi
3592:Karbi
3582:Biate
3514:Other
3490:Maram
3480:Inpui
3458:Tarao
3426:Other
3402:Simte
3397:Ralte
3392:Purum
3387:Paite
3382:Moyon
3352:Chiru
3347:Biate
3250:Other
3231:Maram
3221:Inpui
3203:Nishi
3183:Bokar
3150:Tutsa
3125:Rabha
3120:Nocte
3115:Moran
3085:Deori
3037:Paite
3032:Karbi
3012:Chiru
3007:Biate
2933:Assam
2904:Karbi
2887:Other
2868:Nishi
2825:Tutsa
2810:Nocte
2805:Deori
2727:Karbi
2691:Maram
2681:Inpui
2613:Tusom
2588:Somra
2545:Poula
2535:Kheza
2497:Lotha
2429:Sumtu
2409:Laitu
2404:Kaang
2389:Kʼchò
2346:Khumi
2318:Zyphe
2313:Lautu
2265:Falam
2260:Hakha
2245:Biate
2217:Ralte
2212:Ngawn
2192:Simte
2182:Paite
2177:Tedim
2144:Tarao
2139:Purum
2134:Moyon
2099:Chiru
2089:Aimol
1826:Hruso
1722:Luren
1696:Kathu
1670:Tujia
1558:Taman
1529:Mruic
1516:Karbi
1457:Basum
1413:Tibet
1335:Magar
1261:Newar
1228:Nepal
1077:S2CID
1028:S2CID
750:S2CID
654:kuchi
648:when
560:Mamit
540:Mamit
508:Assam
428:Assam
420:Barak
412:Tipai
408:Tivai
394:) in
388:Tipai
341:India
337:Chiru
333:Aimol
329:Koren
321:Biate
282:Assam
165:Assam
151:India
101:JSTOR
87:books
4220:Zeme
4185:Mizo
4170:Koch
4160:Bawm
3967:Zeme
3939:Zeme
3924:Phom
3833:Sema
3728:Mizo
3723:Mara
3708:Hmar
3671:Koch
3661:Garo
3635:Pnar
3602:Mizo
3577:Amri
3531:Uipo
3505:Zeme
3472:Zeme
3438:Mizo
3433:Hmar
3342:Anal
3284:Ahom
3241:Zeme
3213:Zeme
3165:Tani
3140:Tiwa
3105:Koch
3095:Garo
3080:Bodo
3022:Hmar
3002:Bawm
2997:Amri
2878:Yano
2858:Bori
2840:Tani
2732:Amri
2661:Zeme
2643:Uipo
2633:Koki
2565:SĂĽmi
2482:Para
2443:Naga
2414:Ekai
2384:Daai
2308:Mara
2275:Thor
2270:Bawm
2240:Hmar
2235:Mizo
2094:Anal
1943:Rung
1888:Koro
1762:Naic
1689:Gong
1645:and
1643:East
1601:Zeme
1570:Naga
1488:Tani
1481:ĘĽOle
1377:Dura
1342:Kham
1294:Toto
1069:ISSN
1039:2024
812:ISSN
742:ISSN
518:and
480:Juri
448:rili
402:and
392:mukh
365:jhum
304:and
302:Mizo
284:and
73:news
3891:Sal
3876:Wui
3640:War
3417:Zou
3372:Kom
3173:Adi
3067:Sal
2848:Adi
2797:Sal
2776:of
2507:Wui
2374:Shö
2119:Kom
1809:) (
1663:Bai
1611:Sal
1551:Pyu
1535:Mru
1464:Nam
1061:doi
1020:doi
804:doi
734:doi
440:dil
438:or
426:of
245:rnl
56:by
4241::
3856:Ao
3848:Ao
3198:Na
2460:Ao
2207:Zo
1579:Ao
1419:,
1415:,
1230:,
1226:,
1075:.
1067:.
1057:12
1055:.
1026:.
1014:.
1010:.
990:.
978:.
853:^
824:^
810:.
800:36
798:.
762:^
748:.
740:.
730:36
728:.
716:^
701:^
627:A
506:,
436:Li
343:.
331:,
323:,
288:.
280:,
167:,
163:,
2766:e
2759:t
2752:v
2054:e
2047:t
2040:v
1813:)
1572:"
1568:"
1467:?
1423:)
1411:(
1380:–
1234:)
1221:,
1217:(
1197:e
1190:t
1183:v
1063::
1041:.
1022::
1016:6
994:.
982:.
963:.
906:.
806::
756:.
736::
711:.
390:(
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
