1818:
1701:
335:
543:
1707:
147:
423:. It consists of a nearly complete skeleton with skull, on a slab. When the slab was split from its counterplate, the bones did not split with them, preserving them perfectly. The specimen was in 2009 described after having been observed without any preparation. It represents a subadult individual. Later it was prepared but in an unprofessional way, damaging the skeleton, especially the skull where the entire right
1725:
129:
433:
where a further preparation took place, which managed to repair some of the damage. The knowledge gained during this process was the basis for a more detailed redescription in 2011.
429:
1859:
576:
1888:
1898:
385:
by Eric M. Morschhauser, David
Varricchio, Gao Chunling, Liu Jinyuan, Wang Xuri, Cheng Xiadong and Meng Qingjin. The generic name combines the
1817:
455:
Morschhauser, E.M.; Varricchio, D.J.; Gao C.; Liu J.; Wang X.; Cheng X. & Meng Q. (2009). "Anatomy of the Early
Cretaceous bird
1700:
1903:
1852:
1706:
501:
Morschhauser, E.M., J.-Y. Liu, Q.-J. Meng, and D. Varricchio. 2006. "Anatomical details from a well preserved specimen of
363:
569:
146:
1728:
521:
O’Connor, J.K., Chiappe, L.M., Gao, C., and Zhao, B. 2011. "Anatomy of the Early
Cretaceous enantiornithine bird
369:
In 2006 a specimen was reported, discovered by Pan Lijun at
Xiaioyugou near the town of Lianhe, and referred to
1878:
1845:
673:
1893:
562:
397:
1745:
1196:
1790:
1247:
304:
1133:
1883:
1777:
1147:
727:
468:
816:
548:
355:
334:
984:
1475:
1343:
1300:
1226:
700:
484:
141:
1795:
1482:
1203:
1175:
1019:
879:
1829:
1825:
844:
476:
41:
1452:
1398:
1391:
1375:
1182:
1083:
837:
658:
642:
351:
259:
472:
1603:
1528:
1496:
1441:
1420:
1327:
1275:
1119:
872:
795:
773:
739:
585:
371:
246:
1872:
1681:
1350:
1309:
1282:
1104:
942:
935:
886:
79:
488:
1674:
1489:
1068:
1040:
1033:
977:
907:
851:
379:
1628:
1587:
1564:
1503:
1434:
1413:
1364:
1336:
1316:
1219:
1168:
1111:
1005:
998:
970:
956:
949:
921:
900:
858:
712:
505:(Aves, Enantiornithes) from the Jiufotang Formation, Liaoning Province, China".
54:
1768:
1617:
1610:
1537:
1468:
1461:
1261:
1126:
1097:
1054:
963:
928:
893:
624:
615:
538:
424:
204:
99:
64:
17:
1660:
1646:
1595:
1552:
1517:
1405:
1384:
1357:
1268:
1211:
1161:
1154:
1140:
1075:
1047:
1012:
991:
865:
823:
809:
685:
633:
401:
217:
158:
104:
48:
1762:
1544:
1510:
1254:
1233:
1189:
1090:
1061:
1026:
914:
609:
480:
412:
405:
396:, "bird", in reference to the special grasping function of the foot. The
359:
191:
178:
94:
89:
74:
69:
59:
419:, was found in a layer of the Jiufotang Formation dating from the early
1667:
1653:
1289:
1240:
830:
404:, the god of the forests, because the species was assumed to have been
230:
109:
84:
128:
603:
420:
168:
1739:
386:
333:
1782:
554:
1743:
596:
558:
1833:
400:
honours Pan as discoverer. It is also an allusion to
378:
In 2009 this specimen was named and described as the
1752:
1627:
1563:
1527:
1451:
1374:
1326:
1299:
793:
738:
711:
684:
657:
459:, a new species from Liaoning Province, China".
450:
448:
446:
427:was removed. Subsequently, it was sent to the
1853:
570:
8:
430:Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County
1860:
1846:
1740:
1579:
801:
790:
717:
690:
663:
654:
593:
577:
563:
555:
127:
31:
442:
7:
1814:
1812:
1832:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
507:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
461:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
25:
1816:
1724:
1723:
1705:
1699:
541:
338:Speculative life restoration of
145:
354:bird. It has been found in the
1889:Early Cretaceous birds of Asia
1:
1899:Fossil taxa described in 2009
527:Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
1920:
1811:
364:People's Republic of China
1719:
1697:
1582:
804:
789:
770:
720:
693:
666:
653:
592:
310:
303:
142:Scientific classification
140:
135:
126:
34:
1574:Cau & Arduini, 2008)
1904:Prehistoric bird stubs
342:
27:Extinct genus of birds
1791:Paleobiology Database
337:
512:(supplement 3): 103A
481:10.1671/039.029.0210
1197:Piscivorenantiornis
549:Paleontology portal
473:2009JVPal..29..545M
392:, "grasping", with
356:Jiufotang Formation
1301:Iberomesornithidae
343:
1841:
1840:
1806:
1805:
1746:Taxon identifiers
1737:
1736:
1715:
1714:
1695:
1694:
1691:
1690:
880:Cuspirostrisornis
785:
784:
781:
780:
766:
765:
762:
761:
758:
757:
332:
331:
284:
16:(Redirected from
1911:
1862:
1855:
1848:
1826:prehistoric bird
1820:
1813:
1799:
1798:
1786:
1785:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1741:
1727:
1726:
1710:
1709:
1703:
1639:
1638:
1580:
1576:
1575:
1134:Microenantiornis
845:Castignovolucris
802:
791:
718:
691:
664:
655:
648:
647:
594:
579:
572:
565:
556:
551:
546:
545:
544:
533:
519:
513:
499:
493:
492:
452:
319:
315:
278:
271:
258:
245:
150:
149:
131:
121:
51:
42:Early Cretaceous
40:Temporal range:
32:
21:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1879:Jiufotang fauna
1869:
1868:
1867:
1866:
1809:
1807:
1802:
1794:
1789:
1781:
1776:
1767:
1766:
1761:
1748:
1738:
1733:
1711:
1704:
1687:
1632:
1631:
1623:
1569:
1568:
1567:
1559:
1523:
1453:Bohaiornithidae
1447:
1399:Dapingfangornis
1392:Camptodontornis
1376:Longipterygidae
1370:
1322:
1295:
1183:Paraprotopteryx
1148:Monoenantiornis
1084:Largirostrornis
838:Brevirostruavis
798:
777:
754:
734:
707:
680:
674:Avemetatarsalia
659:Avemetatarsalia
649:
643:Ornithothoraces
599:
598:
588:
583:
547:
542:
540:
537:
536:
520:
516:
500:
496:
454:
453:
444:
439:
352:enantiornithine
328:
321:
313:
312:
299:
277:
269:
260:Longipterygidae
256:
243:
144:
122:
120:
119:
118:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
46:
45:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1917:
1915:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1894:Longipterygids
1891:
1886:
1881:
1871:
1870:
1865:
1864:
1857:
1850:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1821:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1800:
1787:
1774:
1758:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1744:
1735:
1734:
1732:
1731:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1685:
1678:
1671:
1664:
1657:
1650:
1642:
1640:
1637:Chiappe, 1992)
1625:
1624:
1622:
1621:
1614:
1607:
1604:Enantiophoenix
1600:
1592:
1583:
1577:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1557:
1549:
1541:
1533:
1531:
1529:Gobipterygidae
1525:
1524:
1522:
1521:
1514:
1507:
1500:
1497:Parabohaiornis
1493:
1486:
1479:
1472:
1465:
1457:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1445:
1442:Shengjingornis
1438:
1431:
1424:
1421:Longirostravis
1417:
1410:
1402:
1395:
1388:
1380:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1340:
1332:
1330:
1328:Pengornithidae
1324:
1323:
1321:
1320:
1313:
1305:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1286:
1279:
1276:Yuanjiawaornis
1272:
1265:
1258:
1251:
1244:
1237:
1230:
1223:
1216:
1208:
1200:
1193:
1186:
1179:
1172:
1165:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1137:
1130:
1123:
1120:Longchengornis
1116:
1108:
1101:
1094:
1087:
1080:
1072:
1065:
1058:
1051:
1044:
1037:
1030:
1023:
1016:
1009:
1002:
995:
988:
981:
974:
967:
960:
953:
946:
939:
932:
925:
918:
911:
904:
897:
890:
883:
876:
873:Cruralispennia
869:
862:
855:
848:
841:
834:
827:
820:
817:Alethoalaornis
813:
805:
799:
796:Enantiornithes
794:
787:
786:
783:
782:
779:
778:
774:Enantiornithes
771:
768:
767:
764:
763:
760:
759:
756:
755:
753:
752:
751:
750:
744:
742:
740:Enantiornithes
736:
735:
733:
732:
731:
730:
721:
715:
709:
708:
706:
705:
704:
703:
694:
688:
682:
681:
679:
678:
677:
676:
667:
661:
651:
650:
646:
645:
636:
627:
618:
612:
606:
597:
590:
589:
586:Enantiornithes
584:
582:
581:
574:
567:
559:
553:
552:
535:
534:
523:Rapaxavis pani
514:
503:Longirostravis
494:
467:(2): 545–554.
457:Rapaxavis pani
441:
440:
438:
435:
383:Rapaxavis pani
372:Longirostravis
340:Rapaxavis pani
330:
329:
322:
317:Rapaxavis pani
308:
307:
301:
300:
292:
290:
286:
285:
267:
263:
262:
254:
250:
249:
247:Enantiornithes
241:
234:
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228:
221:
220:
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208:
207:
202:
195:
194:
189:
182:
181:
176:
172:
171:
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:
138:
137:
133:
132:
124:
123:
115:
114:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
52:
39:
26:
24:
18:Rapaxavis pani
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1916:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1863:
1858:
1856:
1851:
1849:
1844:
1843:
1837:
1835:
1831:
1828:article is a
1827:
1822:
1819:
1815:
1810:
1797:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1779:
1775:
1770:
1764:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1742:
1730:
1722:
1721:
1718:
1708:
1702:
1684:
1683:
1682:Soroavisaurus
1679:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1670:
1669:
1665:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1636:
1630:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1613:
1612:
1608:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1573:
1566:
1562:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1450:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1353:
1352:
1351:Parapengornis
1348:
1346:
1345:
1341:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1310:Iberomesornis
1307:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1285:
1284:
1283:Yungavolucris
1280:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1271:
1270:
1266:
1264:
1263:
1259:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1222:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1178:
1177:
1173:
1171:
1170:
1166:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1129:
1128:
1124:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1107:
1106:
1105:Liaoningornis
1102:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1045:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1008:
1007:
1003:
1001:
1000:
996:
994:
993:
989:
987:
986:
982:
980:
979:
975:
973:
972:
968:
966:
965:
961:
959:
958:
954:
952:
951:
947:
945:
944:
943:Eoenantiornis
940:
938:
937:
936:Eocathayornis
933:
931:
930:
926:
924:
923:
919:
917:
916:
912:
910:
909:
905:
903:
902:
898:
896:
895:
891:
889:
888:
887:Dalingheornis
884:
882:
881:
877:
875:
874:
870:
868:
867:
863:
861:
860:
856:
854:
853:
849:
847:
846:
842:
840:
839:
835:
833:
832:
828:
826:
825:
821:
819:
818:
814:
812:
811:
807:
806:
803:
800:
797:
792:
788:
776:
775:
769:
748:
747:
746:
745:
743:
741:
737:
729:
725:
724:
723:
722:
719:
716:
714:
710:
702:
698:
697:
696:
695:
692:
689:
687:
683:
675:
671:
670:
669:
668:
665:
662:
660:
656:
652:
644:
640:
637:
635:
631:
628:
626:
622:
619:
617:
613:
611:
607:
605:
601:
600:
595:
591:
587:
580:
575:
573:
568:
566:
561:
560:
557:
550:
539:
531:
528:
524:
518:
515:
511:
508:
504:
498:
495:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
451:
449:
447:
443:
436:
434:
432:
431:
426:
422:
418:
414:
409:
407:
403:
399:
398:specific name
395:
391:
388:
384:
381:
376:
374:
373:
367:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
348:
341:
336:
326:
323:Morschhauser
320:
318:
309:
306:
305:Binomial name
302:
298:
297:
291:
288:
287:
282:
279:Morschhauser
276:
275:
268:
265:
264:
261:
255:
252:
251:
248:
242:
239:
236:
235:
232:
229:
226:
223:
222:
219:
216:
213:
210:
209:
206:
203:
200:
197:
196:
193:
190:
187:
184:
183:
180:
177:
174:
173:
170:
167:
164:
163:
160:
157:
154:
153:
148:
143:
139:
134:
130:
125:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
50:
43:
37:
33:
30:
19:
1834:expanding it
1823:
1808:
1753:
1680:
1675:Neuquenornis
1673:
1666:
1659:
1652:
1645:
1634:
1616:
1609:
1602:
1594:
1586:
1571:
1551:
1543:
1536:
1516:
1509:
1502:
1495:
1490:Longusunguis
1488:
1481:
1474:
1467:
1460:
1440:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1419:
1412:
1404:
1397:
1390:
1383:
1363:
1356:
1349:
1342:
1335:
1315:
1308:
1288:
1281:
1274:
1267:
1260:
1253:
1246:
1239:
1232:
1225:
1218:
1210:
1202:
1195:
1188:
1181:
1174:
1167:
1160:
1153:
1146:
1139:
1132:
1125:
1118:
1110:
1103:
1096:
1089:
1082:
1074:
1069:Kizylkumavis
1067:
1060:
1053:
1046:
1041:Ilerdopteryx
1039:
1034:Huoshanornis
1032:
1025:
1018:
1011:
1004:
997:
990:
985:Fortunguavis
983:
978:Fortipesavis
976:
969:
962:
955:
948:
941:
934:
927:
920:
913:
908:Elektorornis
906:
899:
892:
885:
878:
871:
864:
857:
852:Catenoleimus
850:
843:
836:
829:
822:
815:
808:
772:
638:
629:
620:
532:(3): 463–475
529:
526:
522:
517:
509:
506:
502:
497:
464:
460:
456:
428:
416:
410:
393:
389:
382:
380:type species
377:
370:
368:
346:
345:
344:
339:
324:
316:
311:
296:R. pani
295:
294:
280:
273:
272:
237:
224:
211:
198:
185:
35:
29:
1884:Bird genera
1629:Avisauridae
1588:Bauxitornis
1565:Avisauridae
1504:Shenqiornis
1476:Gretcheniao
1435:Shanweiniao
1414:Longipteryx
1365:Yuanchuavis
1344:Eopengornis
1337:Chiappeavis
1317:Noguerornis
1227:Pterygornis
1220:Protopteryx
1169:Orienantius
1112:Liaoxiornis
1006:Gracilornis
999:Grabauornis
971:Flexomornis
957:Falcatakely
950:Explorornis
922:Enantiornis
901:Elbretornis
859:Cathayornis
728:Maniraptora
713:Maniraptora
350:a genus of
1873:Categories
1618:Mystiornis
1611:Halimornis
1538:Gobipteryx
1483:Linyiornis
1469:Bohaiornis
1462:Beiguornis
1262:Xiangornis
1204:Platanavis
1127:Martinavis
1098:Lenesornis
1055:Incolornis
964:Feitianius
929:Eoalulavis
894:Dunhuangia
749:see below↓
625:Dinosauria
616:Sauropsida
437:References
425:jugal bone
417:DMNH D2522
205:Saurischia
192:Dinosauria
1754:Rapaxavis
1661:Intiornis
1647:Avisaurus
1596:Concornis
1553:Vescornis
1518:Zhouornis
1428:Rapaxavis
1406:Evgenavis
1385:Boluochia
1358:Pengornis
1269:Yatenavis
1248:Shangyang
1212:Praeornis
1176:Otogornis
1162:Nanantius
1155:Musivavis
1141:Mirusavis
1076:Kuszholia
1048:Imparavis
1013:Gurilynia
992:Gobipipus
866:Cratoavis
824:Alexornis
810:Abavornis
701:Theropoda
686:Theropoda
634:Theropoda
602:Kingdom:
347:Rapaxavis
289:Species:
274:Rapaxavis
218:Theropoda
165:Kingdom:
159:Eukaryota
136:Holotype
47:113
36:Rapaxavis
1783:47445714
1769:Q7293870
1763:Wikidata
1729:Category
1545:Jibeinia
1511:Sulcavis
1255:Sinornis
1234:Qiliania
1190:Parvavis
1091:Lectavis
1062:Junornis
1027:Houornis
1020:Holbotia
915:Elsornis
610:Chordata
608:Phylum:
604:Animalia
489:84643293
413:holotype
406:arboreal
360:Liaoning
253:Family:
179:Chordata
175:Phylum:
169:Animalia
155:Domain:
1668:Mirarce
1654:Gettyia
1290:Yuornis
1241:Sazavis
831:Avimaia
614:Class:
469:Bibcode
314:†
293:†
266:Genus:
231:Avialae
116:↓
1796:148716
487:
421:Albian
327:, 2009
325:et al.
283:, 2009
281:et al.
1824:This
1635:sensu
1572:sensu
639:Clade
630:Clade
621:Clade
485:S2CID
390:rapax
387:Latin
238:Clade
225:Clade
212:Clade
199:Clade
186:Clade
1830:stub
726:see
699:see
672:see
411:The
394:avis
55:PreꞒ
1778:EoL
525:".
477:doi
402:Pan
358:in
1875::
1793::
1780::
1765::
641::
632::
623::
530:56
510:26
483:.
475:.
465:29
463:.
445:^
415:,
408:.
375:.
366:.
362:,
240::
227::
214::
201::
188::
105:Pg
49:Ma
44:,
1861:e
1854:t
1847:v
1836:.
1633:(
1599:?
1591:?
1570:(
1556:?
1548:?
1409:?
1215:?
1207:?
1115:?
1079:?
578:e
571:t
564:v
491:.
479::
471::
270:†
257:†
244:†
110:N
100:K
95:J
90:T
85:P
80:C
75:D
70:S
65:O
60:Ꞓ
20:)
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