155:
lower its value… Can it be said in such cases that the trust money can be traced and extracted from the altered asset? Clearly not, for the money will have disappeared leaving no monetary trace behind… But it is not merely a question of locating and identifying the… money. The result of a declaration of charge is to disentangle trust money and enable it to be withdrawn in the shape of money from the complex in which it has become involved. This can only be done by sale under the charge… But if what the volunteer has contributed is not money but other property of his own such as land, what then? … Is it equitable to compel the innocent volunteer to take a charge merely for the value of the land when what he has contributed is the land itself? … In our opinion it cannot.
188:
in their title, ought not in conscience to be ordered to refund. My Lords, I find little help in such generalities. Upon the propriety of a legatee refusing to repay to the true owner the money that he has wrongly received I do not think it necessary to express any judgment. It is a matter on which opinions may well differ. The broad fact remains that the Court of
Chancery, in order to mitigate the rigour of the common law or to supply its deficiencies, established the rule of equity which I have described and this rule did not excuse the wrongly paid legatee from repayment because he had spent what he had been wrongly paid. No doubt the plaintiff might by his conduct and particularly by
31:
187:
The Court of
Chancery, it was said, acted upon the conscience, and, unless the defendant had behaved in an unconscientious manner, would make no decree against him. The appellant or those through whom he claimed, having received a legacy in good faith and having spent it without knowledge of any flaw
154:
The owner of a house who, as an innocent volunteer, has trust money in his hands given to him by a trustee uses that money in making an alteration to his house so as to fit it better to his own personal needs. The result may add not one penny to the value of the house. Indeed the alteration may well
139:
The Court of Appeal rejected the claimant’s claim for a charge over newly built buildings. It allowed a claim for equitable tracing in the mixed funds held by the charities. For mixed funds not held in current accounts, as for Royal Sailor’s, the claimants held a proportionate share. For funds held
119:
had wrongly been paid money by personal representatives under Mr Caleb
Diplock’s will, which left £263,000. The representatives mistakenly believed a clause in the will was valid. Some money went to be used to improve and repair other property. But the trust was held to be invalid in a decision of
170:
The House of Lords upheld Court of Appeal that the next of kin, including
Simpson, had a personal equitable remedy against the charities to recover the money, once the claims against the personal representatives were exhausted.
192:
have raised some equity against himself; but if he had not done so, he was entitled to be repaid. In the present case the respondents have done nothing to bar them in equity from asserting their right.
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126:. The next of kin, including Cornelius Simpson, claimed that the money should be repaid by the recipients.
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Various charities, including the Royal
Sailors Orphans Girls’ School and Home and
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discussed why a mistake of law was different from a mistake of fact, because
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30:
510:
693:
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Chichester
Diocesan Fund and Board of Finance Incorporated v Simpson
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case, concerning tracing and an action for money had and received.
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697:
514:
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183:. He then continued on the question of receiving property.
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Chichester
Diocesan Fund and Board of Finance Inc v Simpson
786:
Carl-Zeiss
Stiftung v Herbert Smith & Co (No 2)
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68:
63:
55:
50:Ministry of Health v Simpson (sub nom Re Diplock)
45:
37:
23:
185:
152:
140:in current accounts, as for Dr Barnado’s, the
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526:
234:
8:
563:Belmont Ltd v Williams Furniture Ltd (No 2)
812:Belmont Finance Corp v Williams Ltd (No 2)
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702:
694:
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511:
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20:
838:Criterion Properties plc v Stratford LLC
746:Banque Belge pour L'Etranger v Hambrouck
657:Criterion Properties plc v Stratford LLC
273:Banque Belge pour L'Etranger v Hambrouck
872:
672:Arthur v AG of Turks and Caicos Islands
442:Space Ltd v Canadian Imperial Bank Ltd
314:Trustee of FC Jones & Sons v Jones
7:
614:El Ajou v Dollar Land Holdings plc
484:Brazil v Durant International Corp
456:Bishopsgate Investment Ltd v Homan
416:James Roscoe (Bolton) Ltd v Winder
14:
180:ignorantia juris neminem excusat
642:Dubai Aluminium Co Ltd v Salaam
799:Re Montagu's Settlement Trusts
628:BCCI (Overseas) Ltd v Akindele
1:
771:Lipkin Gorman v Karpnale Ltd
300:Lipkin Gorman v Karpnale Ltd
759:Agip (Africa) Ltd v Jackson
576:Agip (Africa) Ltd v Jackson
352:Barlow Clowes Ltd v Vaughan
286:Agip (Africa) Ltd v Jackson
162:and Evershed LJ concurred.
120:the House of Lords, called
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851:English unjust enrichment
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553:(1873-74) LR 9 Ch App 244
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498:English unjust enrichment
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602:Baden v Societe Generale
428:Re Goldcorp Exchange Ltd
925:English trusts case law
390:Re Tilley's Will Trusts
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157:
541:Knowing receipt cases
144:rule was applicable.
940:House of Lords cases
736:(1826) 2 C&P 176
150:said the following.
935:1951 in British law
366:Re Hallett's Estate
328:Sinclair v Brougham
117:Dr Barnardo’s Homes
862:English trusts law
685:English trusts law
369:(1880) 13 Ch D 696
142:first in first out
101:English trusts law
16:English legal case
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724:Ignorance sources
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402:Foskett v McKeown
105:unjust enrichment
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318:EWCA Civ 1324
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900:AC 251, 276.
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816:1 All ER 393
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632:EWCA Civ 502
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567:1 All ER 393
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69:Prior action
64:Case history
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18:
474:EWCA Civ 15
460:EWCA Civ 33
356:EWCA Civ 11
262:EWHC KB J84
211:concurred.
205:Lord Morton
201:Lord Oaksey
919:Categories
907:References
825:Re Diplock
618:EWCA Civ 4
580:EWCA Civ 2
340:Re Diplock
290:EWCA Civ 2
90:Re Diplock
24:Re Diplock
882:, AC 341
605:1 WLR 509
378:Re Oatway
790:2 Ch 276
750:1 KB 321
277:1 KB 321
215:See also
130:Judgment
77:Keywords
56:Citation
842:UKHL 28
775:UKHL 12
676:UKPC 30
662:UKHL 28
646:UKHL 48
502:tracing
488:UKPC 35
419:1 Ch 62
406:UKHL 29
393:Ch 1179
304:UKHL 12
82:Tracing
880:UKHL 2
828:AC 251
802:Ch 264
762:Ch 265
593:Ch 264
446:UKPC 1
432:UKPC 3
381:Ch 356
343:Ch 465
331:AC 398
190:laches
72:Ch 465
59:AC 251
868:Notes
111:Facts
38:Court
849:See
500:and
496:See
207:and
103:and
93:or
921::
203:,
199:,
717:e
710:t
703:v
534:e
527:t
520:v
242:e
235:t
228:v
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