LGBT rights in Georgia (country)

870:. LGBT activists scheduled a rally to mark the occasion; however, it never took place. Thousands of anti-LGBT protestors, led by Georgian Orthodox priests, held a counter-demonstration. Protestors carried images of Jesus and signs reading "Stop promoting homosexual propaganda in Georgia" and "We don't need Sodom and Gomorrah." Some women waved so called symbolic bundles of nettle to "beat the gay people", including one woman who labeled the rally a "gay parade" held by "sick people ... against our traditions and ... morals" and proclaiming her readiness to fight. Despite a heavy police presence, the protestors stormed the barricades protecting the pro-LGBT rally. At least 28 people were slightly injured, with many trapped in buses and nearby shops and homes that were attacked by the protestors. According to a video from the scene, the police saved one young man from an apparent lynching by several dozen people. According to the Georgian Young Lawyers Association, however, the state "failed to ensure conduct of the scheduled event ... and thus rights of rally participants to assembly and manifestation were grossly violated." Observers indicated that the police allowed Orthodox clergymen and other demonstrators to enter the barricaded area and were, in private communications, cynical and humiliating to the rally participants. Prime Minister 1027:

equally negative. The study showed that adverse attitudes towards lesbian and gay people had various predictors. Biphobic attitudes in Georgian society were stronger than homophobic sentiment. The higher level of biphobia was determined by bisexuality being perceived as a "fluid, unstable orientation". In terms of transphobia, sex constitutes a significant predictor: men were more inclined to express negative attitudes towards transgender and gender non-conforming persons than women. Negative attitudes towards select groups varied by village/town/capital, gender, age, level of contact/acquaintance with the LGBT community, and level of knowledge about homosexuality. Homo/bi/transphobic attitudes were largely determined by respondents' perceptions of traditional gender roles, and the level of right-wing authoritarianism and religious fundamentalism (the degree of influence evidently varies among individual groups). Respondents ranking high on the right-wing authoritarianism and religious fundamentalism scales far more frequently exhibited negative attitudes towards LGBT community members. The more rigid the respondents' understanding of traditional gender roles, the higher they rank on the homophobia, biphobia and transphobia scales.

934:

Education and the Monitoring Center and Georgian Young Lawyer's Association called upon law enforcers to "take adequate measures to secure security of participants in peaceful assembly", and said that "It's the State's obligation to ensure timely and adequate protection from possible violence". They called the ministry's actions "humiliating, anti-state, and anti-constitutional". The Equality Movement, which is the organizer of Tbilisi Pride, said they had been experiencing pressure for the past weeks from an "unidentified government official" to cancel the march. The organisers said that "he tried to make us change or abolish our plans by intimidating us. It is not the first time that the government has resorted to intimidation and terror towards LGBT people". The organisers accused the authorities of trying to "hide LGBT people" instead of tackling the hatred and aggression towards them. They promised that they would carry on working on various events despite the ministry's position. On 20 June 2019, following

555:

surveyed respondents had at least once experienced physical violence and 89.93% had experienced psychological violence. On average, among the 134 respondents who had experienced psychological violence, 73.13% had become victims three or more times, 13.43% had experienced it twice, and 13.43% once. All six respondents from the 16-18 age group had admitted that at school they had often become victims of bullying. Among 48 respondents, who had been victims of physical violence, 73% had never reported to police. Among the reasons for not reporting to police the following was mentioned ineffectiveness of police (21.62%), fear of homophobic treatment (29.73%), and failure by the police to treat the matter in a serious manner (21.62%). Among those who had reported to police, 46.15% were dissatisfied with this decision, as they experienced a homophobic reaction from the police, 30% admitted that the police acted in a friendly manner, while 23.08% stated that they were treated neutrally.

1112:

then tried to physically attack him but was held back by staff at the television company. They appealed to the court, demanding compensation of ₾500 ($ 190) from Danelia for moral damages. In its ruling, the court upheld Berianidze's claim that their dignity was violated by the homophobic slur, but ordered Danelia to pay only ₾1, the minimum fine. Although the ruling set a precedent, as it was the first time a fine had been issued on these grounds, the activist argued the ruling could give the green light for others to express homophobic hate, and said that the court had ridiculed them in their judgement. They said "the court's ruling is basically mocking, and it will encourage homophobic behaviour, because they will know that it will cost them only ₾1". They also said he was considering appealing the ruling.

400:. The Prime Minister said that "Though according to the current legislation, a family is understood as a union between a man and a woman, I think it should be written in the Constitution too". He emphasized that the amendment was necessary to avoid "misinterpretation" of the anti-discrimination law. "I would like to stress that the law does not create any new right for anyone. It does not grant any type of privileges to any group of society, neither takes away. The law only ensures that all could equally enjoy the rights which are ensured by Georgian legislation and the Constitution," Garibashvili stated. 929:. The event would include a "March of Dignity", which would be held on 23 June, and according to the organisers "it will not take the form of a holiday nor of a carnival because we are not in the mood for a celebration now". Ultra-right groups, such as the Georgian March organization, responded by threatening to violently attack the participants. Sandro Bregadze, one of the leaders of the organization, said "they will have to march over our dead bodies if they decide to hold this celebration of perversion". On 31 May 2019, just two weeks before the planned event, the 1119:. The 15-year-old punched LGBT activist Nika Gorgiladze in the face as he gave a speech about love in front of the Government Chancellery building on 17 May. The assailant was immediately detained by police as he attempted to flee the scene. The prosecution brought charges of persecution with violence, punishable by a fine, house arrest or up to three years' imprisonment. However, the court decided to enroll the boy in a juvenile diversion programme, meaning he might not be prosecuted as an adult and would instead be observed by a social worker. 938:, Tbilisi Pride postponed the march due to take place on 23 June. Organisers said that "in this political situation we cannot allow ourselves to further escalate the tensions in the country. We will not give pro-Russian, neo-fascist groups the opportunity to weaken Georgia's statehood. However, on 8 July 2019, about 20 to 40 demonstrators, including human rights activists and members of the LGBT community, held an impromptu, small scale pride parade for about 30 minutes outside the 759:

incest" including sexual acts with "members of the same sex or a scene of incest", outlawing public gatherings or demonstrations aimed at promoting gender identity, "non-heterosexual relationships", or incest, and voiding any public or private institution labor obligations "aimed at neglecting biological sex". The package would also designate May 17th as a holiday for the "sanctity of the family and respect for parents".

4181: 4617: 874:, along with other leading officials, condemned the violence. He said, "The right to gather peacefully and to freely express one's opinion is fundamental to our democracy. Every Georgian citizen benefits fully and equally from this right. Acts of violence, discrimination and restriction of the rights of others will not be tolerated, and any perpetrators of such acts will be dealt with according to the law." 4191: 1437: 1396: 1484: 1498: 155:) that directly prohibits discrimination against all LGBT people in legislation, labor-related or otherwise. Since 2012, Georgian law has considered crimes committed on the grounds of one's sexual orientation or gender identity an aggravating factor in prosecution. The legislative ban on discrimination has been enacted as a part of the Government efforts to bring the country closer to the 50: 978:, leaving 53 media workers who were covering the events injured. Anti-LGBT protesters also raided offices belonging to the NGO Tbilisi Pride and Shame Movement which organized the event. Shortly after, the European Union flag was taken down in front of the parliament and a Christian cross was raised by the far-right groups. 10,000 people were reported on the anti-LGBT protests. 1466: 1409: 1334: 1321: 1304: 1291: 1278: 1254: 1241: 1228: 982:

reaching the area. The far-right groups organized the protests on Rustaveli Avenue near the parliament. The protesters demanded the US Ambassador to Georgia, Kelly Degnan, and the head of the EU mission Carl Hartzell, to leave the country and apologize for supporting the Tbilisi Pride. The protesters burned the flags of European Union and NATO.

1450: 1422: 1384: 1372: 1360: 1347: 1265: 608:, 15 opposition parties signed the Memorandum on LGBT rights "to fight to eliminate discrimination and violence against LGBTQ citizens with all mechanisms at their disposal". Pro-LGBT NGO Tbilisi Pride described it as a "historical agreement in Georgia on LGBTQI rights." The parties which signed the memorandum include: 1002:

where the event took place and that the police had evacuated the participants to safety. President Salome Zurabishvili and others criticized the authorities for their handling of the situation and their alleged failure to address public incitement of violence against LGBT+ activists leading up to the

989:

started to collect signatures to ban "LGBT propaganda" in Georgia. In December 2022, a draft law was submitted to the Georgian Parliament, which would amend the Georgian law on "Assemblies and Demonstrations" and ban all "assemblies and manifestations, which aim or possibly can display, popularize or

446:

After a month of public consultation, the proposal was considered in Parliament. Public meetings on the ban were scheduled from mid-March until 15 April in various cities throughout the country. The constitutional amendment was passed by the Parliament on 26 September 2017, establishing that marriage

412:

party. According to the Constitution of Georgia, the Parliament should pass an amendment to the constitution if it is supported by 3/4 of the total number of the Members of Parliament (113 MPs). The bill failed to garner sufficient number of votes due to lack of support from much of the parliamentary

383:

first floated idea of amending the Constitution in order to bring it in line with the Civil Code's definition of marriage as a union of a man and a woman. Targamadze made the proposal part of his 2013 presidential campaign, collecting citizens' signatures for introducing constitutional amendments. In

308:

consolidated his power in the 1930s. Stalin, who was natively from Georgia, proceeded to introduce a nationwide ban on male homosexuality in 1933, with up to five years of hard labor in prison. The precise reason for the law is still in dispute. The leadership of the Soviet Union explained this shift

1111:

who used a homophobic slur against Levan Berianidze, an LGBT rights activist, on TV, was issued a fine of ₾1 ($ 0.37) by the Tbilisi City Court. The incident occurred in April 2016 on Kavkasia TV. Berianidze, who heads the local LGBT rights group Equality Movement, claimed Danelia insulted them and

1022:

According to a 2009 social attitude questionnaire, homosexuals were named as one of the most disliked groups in society – with most respondents preferring an alcoholic rather than homosexual colleague at work. According to the same questionnaires, an estimated 91.5 percent of Georgians thought

954:

over safety concerns and decided to limit themselves to online campaigns only, and hung a lone rainbow flag in Tbilisi. Meanwhile, hundreds of priests, churchgoers and far-right groups took to the streets to protest "sodomy". Some of them came out to celebrate "Family Purity Day", a holiday created

943:

nationalist groups and their supporters gathered at several locations in Tbilisi to prevent the march from taking place. Far-right anti-gay groups planned to disperse protesters, however, the march had already been completed when they arrived at the place. Opponents spend the whole night on central

754:

Proposed changes to the law included in the package included outlawing "alternative marriage unions", adoption of a minor to people who do not identify "as their gender" or are "not heterosexual", prohibiting all surgical operations or medical interventions for gender reassignment for people of all

550:

In spite of the legislative amendment to article 53 of the Criminal Code of Georgia, which ensures that bias motivated by the sexual orientation or gender identity of a victim may be taken into account as an aggravating circumstance when determining sanctions, there are still no official statistics

435:

In the election, the Georgian Dream won 115 seats, an increase of 30 seats, and proposed a constitutional amendment. The proposal caused a backlash from Georgian civil society and human rights organizations, which assailed the legislation as way of politicizing this sensitive issue and capitalizing

1104:

support for LGBT people compared to 2015, when 21% of the population considered the protection of their rights as important. The 2019 poll saw a 4% increase in support for LGBT rights across all groups of society with 27% of Georgians saying that protecting the rights of queer people is important.

826:

There are no specifically anti-LGBT legal restrictions in Georgia on freedom of expression and assembly. However, in practice, LGBT events are often disrupted in the face of violence and face significant political opposition. LGBT events were violently cancelled in 2012, 2013, 2021 and 2023. These

332:

After Georgia obtained its independence from the Soviet Union in 1991, there have been no recorded cases of sodomy article being openly used against political opponents ever. Still, freedom of same-sex sexual activity was not officially enshrined in the law until 2000, when the Georgian Government

981:

Due to violence in 2021, Tbilisi Pride announced that they would hold only closed events next year on a private property. On 2 July 2022, a LGBT pride festival was held on a private property in Tbilisi, which faced significant opposition from the far-right groups, but the police blocked them from

758:

The changes also included restrictions on media and publishing, outlawing the radio or television broadcasting of information, programs, public endorsement, advertising, or "propaganda" aimed at "promoting a person's belonging to a gender different from his or her gender, same-sex relationship or

403:

In November, 2015, Zviad Tomaradze, head of the conservative organization Georgia's Demographic Society XXI, prepared the draft bill to amend the Constitution to define marriage as a union between a man and a woman. In March, 2016, 80 MPs proposed a constitutional amendment to the Parliament. The

1095:

In 2017, the Prosecutor's Office examined 86 alleged hate crimes, 12 of which were based on sexual orientation and 37 on gender identity. The Public Defender's 2018 report said violence against LGBT people, whether in the family or in public spaces, was a serious problem in Georgia, and that the

933:

said that it was "impossible" for Tbilisi Pride to go ahead in the planned locations in the city centre "due to safety risks", and recommended a closed event indoors at a facility such as a stadium or a club. Civil society organisations including the Open Society Georgia Foundation, Human Rights

769:

In response to claims of censorship by the opposition, Shalva Papuashvili clarified that art, fiction, or cinema involving intimate scenes would be allowed, but would be restricted to minors under the age of 18. He stated that his party planned to discuss the bill during the Spring parliamentary

1103:

In 2018, a poll by the National Democratic Institute (NDI) showed that only 23% of the Georgian population believed that the protection of LGBT rights was important, while 44% thought the protection of LGBT rights was not important and 26% had a neutral attitude. The results showed a 2% gain in

1026:

A 2016 opinion poll identified that negative attitudes towards LGBTI people were still dominant in Georgia. Respondents expressed more negative attitudes towards bisexual and gender non-conforming men than bisexual and gender non-conforming women. Attitudes towards lesbians and gay persons were

554:

A study on discrimination among LGBT people in Georgia entitled "From Prejudice To Equality: study of societal attitudes, knowledge and information regarding the LGBT community and their rights" conducted in 2012 by the Women's Initiatives Supporting Group (WISG) revealed the following: 32% of

528:

The present law aims to eliminate any form of discrimination and to censure equal enjoyment of the rights set forth by the legislation of Georgia for all natural and legal persons regardless of race, color, language, sex, age, nationality, origin, place of birth, residence, property or title,

1137:

In a poll by NDI from August 2022, 38% of the respondents considered the protection of LGBT rights important, while around same number of people said that the protection was not important. In contrast, 92% of the respondents said that the protection of rights of people with disabilities was

942:

while holding signs and rainbow flags and flying a drone that carried a rainbow flag over protestors who had gathered in front of the Parliament. Reports suggested information concerning the march was leaked online, raising security concerns, as several violent radicals, including clerics,

997:

and forced the cancellation of a Tbilisi Pride event. The protestors clashed with the police and caused damage to rainbow flags and signs. Organizers accused the authorities of collusion with the demonstrators, while a government minister cited challenges in policing the open area near

587:

In July 2017, Georgia's Constitutional Court lifted a ban on gay and bisexual men donating blood, ruling that it was unconstitutional. In its ruling, the court pointed out that modern technologies allow for the detection of HIV/AIDS in donations, making a ban unnecessary.

533:

The adoption of the anti-discrimination law was recommended by the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) Country Progress Report 2013 for Georgia as a prerequisite for finalizing the Visa Liberalization Action Plan between Georgian and the European Union. Head of the

1061:, including singer Gia Korkotashvili, appeared on national television, screaming prophecies of an imminent gay apocalypse. However, many supported Kashia's right to freedom of speech including many other athletes and politicians. These included President 679:. Only Girchi — More Freedom, European Georgia, Droa and Lelo threw their support behind Tbilisi Pride. The largest opposition party United National Movement refused to publicly endorse pro-LGBT demonstrators. Leader of the United National Movement party 170:

values prevalent in the country, where public discussions of sexuality in general tend to be viewed in a highly negative light. Consequently, homosexuals are often targets of abuse and physical violence, often actively encouraged by religious leaders.

849:. This was the first public march in support of LGBT equality in Georgia. The march was discontinued soon after it started, however, because the marchers claimed they were assaulted by religious counter-demonstrators, including representatives of the 288:

did not consider homosexuality to be a crime, and even deemed czarist policy toward homosexuals oppressive and campaigned against what they thought to be "bourgeois morality". Moreover, no ban was introduced on homosexuality in Russia after the

491:

According to the amended Georgian Criminal Code (since 2012), committing crimes against individuals based on sexual orientation, among other things, is an aggravating factor that should result in tougher sentences during prosecution.

591:

Previously, on 4 February 2014, the Constitutional Court also declared the ban unconstitutional. The ban stated that homosexuality was a restricting factor for donating blood. In response, the Health Ministry changed the wording to

747:), consisting of one main law and 18 related draft laws that amend the Civil Code, the Labor Code, the legislation on education, and other codes. The law mirrors legislation recently passed in the neighboring country, 551:

about crimes conducted on sexual orientation or gender identity grounds in the country. According to the registered cases and conducted studies, it has become clear that the law prohibiting hate crime is not efficient.

2259: 1073:, expressed support for Kashia, saying: "We are a democratic country. Everyone has the right to express their views, regardless of their nationality, sexual orientation or religion." In 2018, Kashia received the 777:

claimed that the bill "does not in any way suppress or violate the rights of sexual minorities" and only tries to prevent propaganda that could harm the development of minors as a matter of national security.

2159: 859:

criticized the Georgian Government for failing to effectively protect the march. On 14 January 2013, LGBT organization Identoba and the participants of the march filed an application against Georgia with the

1565: 1092:. Bolkvadze was the first openly gay candidate to run for public office in Georgia. While her candidacy was ultimately unsuccessful, her run was reported as a significant shift in the conservative country. 1611: 1077:#EqualGame Award for his support of the LGBT community. In response to winning the award, Kashia said "I believe in equality for everyone, no matter what you believe in, who you love or who you are." 1116: 1057:. Far-right groups held rowdy protests and violent riots in front of the Georgian Football Federation, demanding Kashia's expulsion from the national team. 8 people were arrested at the riots. Other 951: 853:

and radical Christian groups. Police intervened to protect the march participants only after the fighting had already broken out and arrested some of the alleged victims instead of the perpetrators.

846: 605: 755:

ages, and prohibiting putting any gender "different from his own" on any state or identity documents. Additionally, the law would outlaw pride events and public displays of the rainbow pride flag.

1875: 1732:

Report on the implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child by Georgia – A report prepared for the Committee on the Rights of Child 34th Session – Geneva, September 2003

950:

On 17 May 2019, after warnings from far-right groups that anti-homophobic demonstrations would be met with violence, activists abstained from holding a demonstration in Tbilisi for that year's

3361: 529:

national, ethnic or social belonging, profession, marital status, health condition, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity and expression, political or other beliefs or other basis.

280:

criminal code was abolished, making homosexuality legal. The ban in Georgia was reintroduced in 1924, even though the Soviet policy on homosexuality in these years was considerably mild, as

253:

was enacted, which was also used in Georgia as in other parts of Russia. Under this new criminal code, the homosexuality was punishable by stripping of all rights and forced resettlement to

914:

groups mobilized their supporters to quash the protests. The fascist and conservative groups also stated that they would not allow a planned pro-LGBT rally to be held on 17 May to mark the

174:

LGBT events regularly face significant opposition and are often cancelled in the face of violence. LGBT rights activists were unable to hold their events due to violent opposition in 2012,

2773: 1100:

has been unable to respond to this challenge. The report stated that the Public Defender had received numerous complaints regarding homophobic attitudes from law enforcement officials.

2075:"Giorgi Gakharia on the LGBT memorandum: This is political coquetry, using this issue for the political PR is unreasonable and wrong, "For Georgia" party will not join this memorandum" 2859: 579:

On 31 March 2021, the Tbilisi Civil Registry Service registered a transgender woman as female, marking the first precedent of legal gender recognition for a transgender person.

3787: 2232: 2205: 915: 473: 297:" of the native population, caused by more backward social conditions compared to other parts of Soviet Union. Therefore, they thought that adopting a ban on homosexuality for 2878: 799:

passed the proposed bill by a vote of 84-0 in the third and final reading. The opposing MPs did not attend the vote as they were boycotting the parliament. Georgian President

770:

session it was initiated at, and for the package to be passed in the second and third readings in the Autumn parliamentary session. After evaluating the bill, First Deputy

4227: 2897: 4146: 3226: 190:(ISSIP) study, 84% of the Georgian public thinks that sexual relations between two adults of the same sex are always wrong, which is the highest score in Europe. Per 309:

in policy by Soviet medical researches, which concluded that homosexuality was a mental disease. Soviet authorities also described homosexuality as a remnant of the

3410: 1562: 947:

protesting against Tbilisi Pride and demanding the abolishment of the anti-discrimination law and introducing a law banning what they called "perverted behavior".

4850: 864:. The application claims that Georgia failed to effectively protect the participants of LGBT march and did not investigate or adequately punish the perpetrators. 4737: 4732: 4724: 4473: 2755: 2725: 428:

promised to amend the constitution to define marriage as a union between a woman and a man his party got enough if his party got enough seats in the upcoming

257:. Later the punishment was replaced by imprisonment from four to five years. Recent research by Shorena Gabunia argues that homosexuality was tolerated among 4697: 1815: 1582: 1134:(ISSIP), 84% of the Georgian public thinks that sexual relations between two adults of the same sex are always wrong, which is the highest score in Europe. 5234: 4240: 1516: 960: 867: 175: 2584:"GYLA.GE - News - Initial evaluation of observer organizations on the scheduled rally on May 17, the International Day against homophobia and transphobia" 1708: 5269: 5142: 4753: 4156: 2260:""ოჯახური ღირებულებებისა და არასრულწლოვანთა დაცვის შესახებ" კანონპროექტი არანაირად არ თრგუნავს და არ არღვევს სექსუალური უმცირესობების უფლებებს – ვოლსკი" 369:. However, the Constitution of Georgia was gender-neutral, specifying that "Marriage shall be based upon equality of rights and free will of spouses". 2998: 664:

party stated that the fundamental rights are already protected by the constitution and that they saw no need to sign additional memorandums. Leader of

5274: 4662: 1879: 2928: 1108: 895:

Besides Identoba, Equality Movement (თანასწორობის მოძრაობა) is another Georgian LGBT advocacy group striving for equal human rights for LGBT people.

645: 4657: 4585: 771: 2508: 675:

Despite the fact that 15 opposition parties signed a memorandum on LGBT rights, many of them refused to publicly support LGBT community during the

447:

exists solely as "a union between a woman and a man for the purpose of creating a family". The constitutional amendment went into effect after the

5289: 5079: 4921: 4713: 4095: 4070: 939: 930: 377: 3177: 1926: 424:. President announced that Georgia would not hold a referendum on whether to ban same-sex marriage in the country's Constitution. Prime Minister 1952: 5279: 5109: 4896: 4707: 4595: 4220: 3538: 2781: 5085: 4937: 4601: 4115: 3468: 1829: 1131: 187: 1123: 230:

stating that it "brought down the high reign of the Persians and the eternal reign of the Romans to the level of wild beasts". Later, under

5064: 4835: 4687: 4575: 3820: 3209: 2460: 2116: 569:

Since 2008, transgender people in Georgia can change documents and personal names to reflect their preferred gender after having undergone

499:

approved an anti-discrimination law, banning all forms of discrimination. It took effect upon publication, on 7 May 2014. Article 1 of the

429: 250: 143:

face significant challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents. However, Georgia is one of the few post-Soviet states (others being the

3317: 416:

Meanwhile, the conservative activists gathered two hundred thousand signatures in order to amend the constitution through referendum. The

830:

An event in 2006 that was supposed to promote tolerance and cultural dialogue was canceled after rumours spread that it was supposedly a

4702: 4692: 3403: 2978: 2184: 2131: 448: 338: 30: 293:. However, many Bolsheviks thought that homosexuality in the Caucasus region was more of a cultural phenomenon, widespread because of " 5284: 4677: 4642: 4519: 2958: 1801: 609: 417: 2102: 5174: 5096: 4969: 4823: 4803: 4488: 4369: 4213: 3782: 3675: 3488: 2822: 1861: 684: 354: 242: 3083: 2562: 3058: 2679: 1612:"From Prejudice To Equality: study of societal attitudes, knowledge and information regarding the LGBT community and their rights" 4886: 3741: 3246: 85: 62: 4539: 3267: 2905: 1115:

In December 2018, the Tbilisi City Court ruled in the case of a 15-year-old boy who had attacked an LGBT rights activist on the

5131: 5044: 4845: 4818: 4764: 4426: 4416: 4151: 1651: 1630: 1097: 389: 373: 2614: 1019:, the Georgian President allegedly pressured the producers of the show into evicting the gay participant from the TV program. 5104: 4931: 4808: 4652: 4625: 4504: 4110: 4015: 3756: 3708: 3600: 3595: 3396: 2434: 861: 463:

In April 2017, several human rights organisations called on the Georgian Government to legalise same-sex civil partnerships.

365:

Since it was enacted in 1997, Georgia's Civil Code has defined marriage as a heterosexual union, thus effectively preventing

265:. It is alleged that because Kintos were a marginalized group, the authorities turned a blind eye on their sexual practices. 1847: 345:

for both heterosexual and homosexual sex stands at 16 years of age as set by the Georgian Penal Code, articles 140 and 141.

2233:""კინოთეატრებში შეზღუდვა იქნება ასაკობრივი" - პაპუაშვილის თქმით, თეატრებსა და მხატვრულ ლიტერატურაზე რეგულაცია არ ვრცელდება" 5069: 4791: 2841: 1081: 724: 710: 5227: 4952: 4926: 4874: 4813: 4529: 4514: 4248: 4120: 3713: 3560: 1521: 994: 967: 803:, has indicated that she will veto the bill. However, the parliament has enough votes to potentially override her veto. 676: 183: 179: 4389: 4268: 892:. Since then, the Day of the Holiness of the Family is celebrated every year with rallies in Tbilisi and other cities. 4911: 4901: 4637: 4580: 4411: 4065: 4030: 3985: 3718: 3680: 3192: 2034: 1089: 625: 476:. He also criticised the constitutional amendment banning same-sex marriage, arguing that it would "increase hatred". 440: 2733: 2088: 2074: 1015:

outed himself on public television. After reportedly receiving a call from the head of the Georgian Orthodox Church

466:

In April 2018, the Georgian Ombudsman urged the Government to allow civil partnerships for same-sex couples. Citing

439:

The constitutional amendment caused a split within the ruling coalition itself, with members of the liberal-leaning

5243: 5136: 5074: 5049: 4570: 4323: 3955: 3950: 3845: 3660: 1536: 468: 17: 2640: 1589: 617: 542:

said that the law "will not be accepted by the believers" and added that "making illegality a law is a huge sin".

321:. Some historians have suggested that Joseph Stalin's enactment of the anti-gay law was, like his prohibition on 5179: 4860: 4840: 4478: 4451: 4075: 4050: 3965: 3945: 3895: 3865: 3855: 3630: 3590: 3570: 3550: 3453: 1458: 811: 629: 593: 160: 4394: 3344: 881:

stated that "sexual minorities are the same citizens as we are... the society will gradually get used to it."

5248: 4891: 4590: 4436: 4379: 4313: 4161: 4040: 4035: 3915: 3837: 3813: 3746: 3565: 2583: 2002: 1715: 1503: 956: 885: 850: 835: 739: 649: 570: 535: 515: 409: 388:

also proposed to define marriage as a union of a man and woman in the Constitution. The initiative came as the

219: 203: 110: 78: 29:

This article is about LGBT rights in the country of Georgia. For LGBT rights in the U.S. state of Georgia, see

4273: 2369: 2052: 5194: 4916: 4441: 4364: 4105: 4055: 4010: 3990: 3980: 3880: 3766: 3751: 3736: 3698: 3645: 3640: 3615: 3473: 2164: 1709:"State-sponsored Homophobia: A world survey of laws prohibiting same sex activity between consenting adults" 1511: 1054: 961:

a year after thousands of people led by priests attacked several dozen LGBT rights demonstrators in the city

818:'s Committee on International Relations, directly connected Abramidze's murder to the new anti-LGBTQ+ law. 633: 353:

Georgia does not recognize same-sex unions, either in the form of marriage or civil unions. Since 2018, the

231: 226:

and Urbnisi monastery. The longest article of the memorandum summarizing the synod's resolutions denounced

95: 3297: 2285: 4339: 4080: 3995: 3975: 3860: 3850: 3670: 3620: 3580: 3533: 3528: 3518: 3503: 3498: 3493: 3478: 3463: 3458: 3448: 3443: 3438: 3433: 2936: 2482:""'Identoba' files an application to the European Court of Human Rights against Georgia", 29 January 2013" 935: 899: 329:

authorities against dissident movements, with many activists being arrested on trumped-up sodomy charges.

207: 4446: 4125: 4060: 4025: 3960: 3940: 3930: 3890: 3875: 3870: 3761: 3703: 3665: 3655: 3635: 3625: 3610: 3605: 3585: 3555: 3523: 3508: 3483: 3419: 3374: 2804: 1526: 1085: 1062: 856: 796: 789: 782: 748: 496: 421: 318: 314: 294: 2704: 2481: 4855: 4349: 4166: 4085: 4045: 4020: 4000: 3935: 3910: 3900: 3885: 3650: 3575: 3545: 800: 653: 425: 325:, an attempt to increase the Soviet birthrate. The article outlawing homosexuality was also used by 5029: 5006: 4667: 4509: 4483: 4406: 4359: 4263: 4135: 4005: 3970: 3925: 3920: 3829: 3806: 3193:

Georgia football captain goes shirtless to thank fans for pro-LGBT support against far right trolls

1682: 1531: 1184: 1142: 1127: 1031: 903: 878: 871: 680: 452: 385: 269: 211: 191: 4190: 2206:""ქართული ოცნება" ე.წ. ლგბტ პროპაგანდის საწინააღმდეგოდ საკანონმდებლო ცვლილებათა პაკეტს აინიცირებს" 1145:

study published in 2022, 91% of the Georgian public thinks that homosexuality is not justifiable.

1126:. While over 80% of Georgians support joining the European Union, large part of the population is 194:

study published in 2022, 91% of the Georgian public thinks that homosexuality is not justifiable.

5054: 4549: 4534: 4463: 4431: 4421: 4384: 4354: 4344: 3160: 1429: 1016: 720: 661: 564: 485: 290: 2860:"Tbilisi Pride held, demonstrators of two different rallies spend the night on Rustaveli Avenue" 1003:

protests. Georgian media reported that about 5,000 people took part in the anti-LGBT protests.

472:, he reminded the Government that not recognising same-sex relationships is a violation of the 5124: 5119: 5015: 4984: 4616: 4458: 4399: 4374: 4303: 4236: 3006: 1744: 1436: 1395: 807: 728: 698: 694: 504: 380: 366: 334: 215: 159:

and make the country's human rights record in line with the demands of Georgia's European and

140: 128: 54: 2641:"The history of Georgia's LGBT+ community's struggle for equal rights and non-discrimination" 5184: 4989: 4964: 4672: 4565: 4283: 4278: 1070: 971: 944: 691: 637: 621: 357:

has defined marriage as a union of a woman and a man for the purpose of founding a family.

167: 1786: 838:, Patriarch Ilya, stated that any kind of rally which features LGBT people is "offensive". 420:

gave its approval to the proposal; however, it failed to get permission from the President

5206: 4682: 4544: 4524: 4468: 4318: 1569: 1313: 683:

condemned both pro-LGBT and anti-LGBT demonstrators, accusing them of being controlled by

669: 660:

party refused to sign the memorandum. Several opposition parties also refused to sign it.

372:

Because of this gender-neutral wording, the Civil Code might have been struck down in the

223: 72: 1299:

Anti-discrimination laws in all other areas (incl. indirect discrimination, hate speech)

484:

Since 2006, Article 2(3) of the Labor Code has prohibited discrimination on the basis of

261:

community at the time, who were mostly Armenian traders and entertainers in 19th-century

868:

The 2013 observance of International Day against Homophobia was also met with aggression

166:

Despite this, homosexuality is considered a major deviation from the highly traditional

5001: 1204: 1058: 716: 657: 405: 397: 342: 273: 246: 235: 156: 1034:

poll found that 90% of Georgians believed homosexuality is “morally wrong”, with only

993:

In July 2023, around 2000 anti-LGBT+ protesters, including Orthodox Christian clergy,

5263: 5164: 5059: 5036: 4994: 4906: 4777: 4184: 2343: 2328: 1816:"Georgia: MPs Launch Proceedings For Setting Constitutional Bar To Same-Sex Marriage" 1773: 1194: 1174: 1066: 922: 906:

started in Georgia following the police raids of nightclubs in Tbilisi. In response,

889: 763: 305: 144: 5189: 5022: 4974: 2979:"Interior Ministry says holding Tbilisi Pride is 'impossible' in planned locations" 1489: 1042: 1035: 911: 831: 2438: 1465: 1408: 1333: 1320: 1303: 1290: 1277: 1253: 1240: 1227: 3031: 2526: 2416: 2160:"Georgian parliament approves anti-LGBTQ legislation, echoing measures in Russia" 810:

was stabbed to death in what the interior ministry called a premeditated murder.

5159: 4194: 2435:"HRIDC statement on the dispersal of LGBT organization Identoba's demonstration" 2394: 2089:"ვინ იძლევა TBILISI PRIDE-ს ჩატარების გარანტიას – ოპოზიციური პარტიების პასუხები" 1830:"Georgia's Ruling Party 'Supermajority' Passes Unilateral Constitutional Reform" 1731: 1558: 1046: 665: 2959:"Tbilisi marks International Day Against Homophobia with a single rainbow flag" 2680:"Gay rights rally canceled in Tbilisi following pressure from far-right groups" 1973: 1905: 672:

called the memorandum "political coquetry" and refused to join the memorandum.

5201: 1479: 1164: 774: 310: 285: 3318:"Editorial | Georgia's government must stop legitimising homophobic violence" 3247:"Only 23% of Georgians think queer people's rights are important, poll shows" 3010: 1862:"Public defender urges Georgia to adopt civil partnerships for queer couples" 1449: 1421: 1383: 1371: 1359: 1346: 1264: 333:

put in place an amended criminal code to meet the standards set forth by the

301:

nations to be a necessary act in order to overcome "cultural backwardness".

5114: 4647: 999: 827:

include events held in the public space as well as behind the closed doors.

815: 376:, potentially paving a way for same-sex marriages. In 2013, a leader of the 49: 3178:

Athletes, Politicians Back Georgian Soccer Player's Support for LGBT Rights

2879:"LGBT+ campaigners hold scaled-down Pride march in Georgia despite threats" 2665: 2627: 1802:"Public hearing process begins for constitutional ban on same-sex marriage" 1769: 3268:"More young Georgians say queer rights are important than not, poll finds" 3210:"Georgian Soccer Captain Guram Kashia Cheered for Supporting LGBTQ Rights" 2774:"MIA Says Tbilisi Pride Cannot Take Place Outdoors, Cites Safety Concerns" 218:

from Seljuk rule, brought the church under state control and convened the

5169: 4772: 3322: 3302: 3272: 3251: 2999:"Anti-LGBTQ+ protesters break up Pride event in Georgian capital Tbilisi" 2983: 2963: 2709: 2290: 1787:"Georgia's President Blocks Proposed Referendum To Ban Same-Sex Marriage" 1656: 1268:(Public expression met with hostility from public, formal ban proposed.) 1122:

Discussions about LGBT acceptance are often framed in terms of Georgia's

1107:

In December 2018, Beso Danelia, a politician from the conservative party

986: 842: 322: 298: 3388: 2103:"სააკაშვილი ლგბტქ თემის და ძალადობრივი ჯგუფების უკან სუსის კვალს ხედავს" 4742: 4298: 4293: 3161:"Religious Belief and National Belonging in Central and Eastern Europe" 3135: 3122: 2305: 1770:

GD Refloats Proposal on Setting Constitutional Bar to Same-Sex Marriage

1069:, a retired footballer, former Deputy Prime Minister and newly elected 1050: 975: 926: 907: 539: 277: 262: 254: 152: 148: 3798: 1927:"Georgia's Antidiscrimination Law Opposed By Church Comes Into Effect" 921:

In February 2019, it was announced that the first LGBT Pride Week and

396:, which was Georgia's precondition to get a visa free regime with the 4979: 4747: 4308: 4288: 2805:"Georgia's first LGBT+ pride march called off amid political turmoil" 2020: 1848:"Georgian rights groups back civil partnerships for same-sex couples" 766:

has said the bill would likely force her organization to close down.

613: 326: 227: 3032:"Georgia Pride festival in Tbilisi stormed by right-wing protesters" 2591: 2461:"'Virulent' homophobic attacks put South Caucasus activists at risk" 1412:(Since 2008, but surgery and sterilization required) (Ban proposed) 985:

Shortly after the LGBT pride festival, far-right media organization

4205: 3059:"Tbilisi Pride festival canceled after violent anti-LGBTQ protests" 2323: 2048: 888:

declared May 17 "a day of family sanctity" and promised to protect

3227:

Georgia's first openly gay politician tests homophobia in Caucasus

3125:

EurasiaNet.Org. Published:15 February 2011. Retrieved:25 June 2011

1974:"Law of Georgia on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination" 715:

On 4 June 2024, Speaker of the Georgian Parliament and one of the

697:

stated that they support the protection of LGBT rights but oppose

281: 258: 2842:"Georgia holds scaled-down Pride rally after threats of violence" 1652:"Datablog | Georgia may be the most homophobic country in Europe" 3345:"The Geopolitical Fault Line Behind the Attack on Tbilisi Pride" 2035:"Georgia's Constitutional Court lifts ban on gay blood donation" 1286:

Anti-discrimination laws in the provision of goods and services

1074: 641: 501:

Law of Georgia on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination

4209: 3802: 3392: 3084:"Anti-LGBT mob storms pride event in Georgia's capital Tbilisi" 2021:"Georgia registers transgender person as female for first time" 1329:

Hate crime laws include sexual orientation and gender identity

1045:

expressed support for LGBT rights, appearing at a match in the

1011:

In October 2007, one of the contestants on the reality TV show

745:

ojakhuri ghirebulebebisa da arasrults'lovanis datsvis shesakheb

2344:"Trans woman killed in Georgia day after anti-LGBT law passed" 1117:

International Day Against Homophobia, Transphobia and Biphobia

952:

International Day Against Homophobia, Transphobia and Biphobia

847:

International Day Against Homophobia, Transphobia and Biphobia

606:

International Day Against Homophobia, Transphobia and Biphobia

2898:"Participants of Two Rallies Spend Night on Rustaveli Avenue" 2132:"Georgia introduces Russian-style crackdown on LGBTQ+ rights" 1631:"Crowd Led by Priests Attacks Gay Rights Marchers in Georgia" 918:. As a result, LGBT activists decided to cancel their rally. 3136:"Georgia: Time for Homosexuality to Come Out of the Closet?" 2370:"Suspect arrested in ruthless murder of Georgia trans woman" 576:

Discrimination on the basis of gender identity is outlawed.

2756:"Georgian far right vows to shut down upcoming LGBT parade" 2485: 2306:"EU "Deplores" Advance of Anti-LGBT Legislation in Georgia" 2117:"Davit Usupashvili: Lelo doesn't support same-sex marriage" 1992:

WISG, (2012). Situation of LGBT People in Georgia. Tbilisi.

845:(იდენტობა) organized a peaceful march in observance of the 3123:

Georgia: Time for Homosexuality to Come Out of the Closet?

2324:"Parliament Adopts Anti-LGBT Legislation in Third Hearing" 238:, homosexuality was punishable by torture and execution. 2544: 1563:

President of Georgia signs anti-discrimination amendment

792:

voted 81-0 for the proposed bill in the second reading.

734:ოჯახური ღირებულებებისა და არასრულწლოვანის დაცვის შესახებ 139:

Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people in

2615:"LGBT rights and the long road to democracy in Georgia" 2509:"Crowds break up gay rights rallies in Georgia, Russia" 1683:"Justifiability of homosexuality - World Values Survey" 2395:"BBC NEWS - Europe - 'Gay' rally in Georgia cancelled" 2286:"Georgian 'LGBT propaganda' bill passes first reading" 2185:"Georgian parliament approves law curbing LGBT rights" 519: 3298:"Georgian politician find $ 0.37 for homophobic slur" 1084:, Nino Bolkvadze, an openly gay candidate, ran for a 727:

called, "On Family Values and Protection of Minors" (

3110:

The Greenwood Encyclopaedia of LGBT issues worldwide

1391:

LGBT people allowed to serve openly in the military

916:

International Day Against Homophobia and Transphobia

100:

Yes, for both sexual orientation and gender identity

5152: 5095: 4951: 4873: 4790: 4763: 4723: 4624: 4558: 4497: 4332: 4256: 4247: 4134: 4094: 3836: 3775: 3727: 3689: 3426: 2507:Dobkina, Margarita Antidze and Liza (17 May 2013). 1189:Prominent Georgian choreographer and ballet dancer 1130:and very religious. According to the 2021 study by 521:

diskriminatsiis qvela pormis aghmopkhvris shesakheb

304:Views toward homosexuality changed radically while 202:Historically, homosexual acts are condemned by the 127: 119: 109: 104: 94: 84: 71: 61: 40: 18:

Recognition of same-sex unions in Georgia (country)

2049:"15 Georgian Parties Agree to Defend LGBTQ Rights" 2003:"Georgian Laws Discriminate on Transgender Rights" 2726:"First Ever Tbilisi Pride to Take Place in June" 2705:"Tbilisi's first queer pride announced for June" 785:passed the proposed bill in the first reading. 198:History and legality of same-sex sexual activity 526: 393: 3292: 3290: 806:The following day, Georgian transgender model 732: 510:დისკრიმინაციის ყველა ფორმის აღმოფხვრის შესახებ 508: 404:bill was drafted by the members of the ruling 4221: 3814: 3404: 1988: 1986: 1906:"Civil.Ge - Anti-Discrimination Bill Adopted" 1734:Geneva, Switzerland. Retrieved. 25 June 2011. 8: 3241: 3239: 1899: 1897: 1606: 1604: 1602: 1583:"Global Rights report on Georgia (country)" 1517:2013 Tbilisi anti-homophobia rally protests 841:On 17 May 2012, Georgian LGBT organisation 4957: 4879: 4796: 4630: 4253: 4228: 4214: 4206: 3821: 3807: 3799: 3411: 3397: 3389: 3364:, August 2022, retrieved 21 February 2023. 2264:The Georgian Times - საინფორმაციო სააგენტო 2179: 2177: 2175: 1646: 1644: 1445:Commercial surrogacy for gay male couples 1041:In October 2017, Georgian football player 1023:that homosexuality is "never acceptable". 77:Change of legal gender allowed, following 48: 37: 3375:"Georgia to ban surrogacy for foreigners" 990:promote sexual orientation of any kind". 123:Same-sex marriage constitutionally banned 2823:"Small LGBT Pride Rally Held In Tbilisi" 1953:"სსიპ "საქართველოს საკანონმდებლო მაცნე"" 1219: 1152: 772:Chairperson of the Parliament of Georgia 2628:PM Comments on Planned Gay Rights Rally 1776:, 8 March 2016, Retrieved: 9 March 2016 1548: 1367:Stepchild adoption by same-sex couples 1273:Anti-discrimination laws in employment 931:Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia 925:would take place from 18 to 23 June in 2929:"Rally of Tblisi Pride Opponents Ends" 2154: 2152: 1554: 1552: 418:Central Election Commission of Georgia 2200: 2198: 2007:Institute for War and Peace Reporting 1876:"Article 2(3), Labor Code of Georgia" 1677: 1675: 1350:(Full Constitutional ban since 2018) 1132:International Social Survey Programme 443:campaigning against the initiative. 349:Recognition of same-sex relationships 188:International Social Survey Programme 7: 2527:"Major protest at Georgia gay rally" 1149:Notable Georgian LGBTQ personalities 1109:Democratic Movement – United Georgia 690:In June 2020, one of the leaders of 251:Digest of Laws of the Russian Empire 3266:Fabbro, Robin (20 September 2019). 1379:Joint adoption by same-sex couples 1199:Georgian translator and playwright 705:2024 anti-LGBT legislation proposal 656:and Victorious Georgia. The ruling 474:European Convention on Human Rights 449:2018 Georgian presidential election 339:European Convention on Human Rights 313:, thus declaring homosexuals to be 31:LGBT rights in Georgia (U.S. state) 4520:Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic 2417:"Fighting at gay march in Tbilisi" 966:On 5 July 2021, Tbilisi Pride was 451:and the inauguration of President 25: 5270:Human rights in Georgia (country) 4370:Unification of the Georgian realm 3788:Sovereign Military Order of Malta 241:In the 19th century, Georgia was 5275:LGBT rights in Europe by country 4615: 4489:Absorption by the Russian Empire 4189: 4180: 4179: 2803:Bacchi, Umberto (21 June 2019). 2258:Თამუნა Დუღაშვილი (6 June 2024). 2231:კობიაშვილი, მერი (5 June 2024). 2055:from the original on 17 May 2021 1800:staff, DFWatch (26 March 2016). 1496: 1482: 1464: 1448: 1435: 1420: 1407: 1394: 1382: 1370: 1358: 1355:Recognition of same-sex couples 1345: 1332: 1319: 1302: 1289: 1276: 1263: 1252: 1239: 1226: 436:on popular societal prejudices. 2840:Wakefield, Lily (8 July 2019). 2724:Jones, Amy (20 February 2019). 2613:Swieca, Arianne (17 May 2013). 1751:. Legislative Herald of Georgia 1337:(Since 2012) (Repeal proposed) 1324:(Since 2014) (Repeal proposed) 1307:(Since 2014) (Repeal proposed) 1294:(Since 2014) (Repeal proposed) 1281:(Since 2006) (Repeal proposed) 1223:Same-sex sexual activity legal 762:Tamara Jakeli, the director of 604:On 16 May 2021, a day ahead of 5290:LGBT rights in Asia by country 4505:Democratic Republic of Georgia 4147:British Indian Ocean Territory 3057:Kennedy, Niamh (8 July 2023). 2312:. 4 September 2024. p. 1. 2130:Gavin, Gabriel (4 June 2024). 2119:. Interpressnews. 8 June 2020. 1179:Georgian-American businessman 1124:bid to join the European Union 862:European Court of Human Rights 744: 600:2021 Memorandum on LGBT rights 559:Gender identity and expression 1: 5280:Politics of Georgia (country) 2927:Dumbadze, Ana (9 July 2019). 2896:Dumbadze, Ana (9 July 2019). 2780:. 3 June 2019. Archived from 2437:. 21 May 2012. Archived from 1404:Right to change legal gender 711:Georgian LGBT propaganda bill 378:Christian-Democratic Movement 4765:Russian-occupied territories 4596:Timeline of Georgian history 2827:RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty 2091:. Tabula. 29 September 2021. 2077:. For Georgia. 10 July 2021. 1931:RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty 1629:Roth, Andrew (17 May 2013). 1522:2021 attack on Tbilisi Pride 1082:October 2017 local elections 940:Ministry of Internal Affairs 677:2021 attack on Tbilisi Pride 384:March, 2014, Prime Minister 111:Recognition of relationships 2877:Elks, Sonia (8 July 2019). 2105:. Prime Time. 12 July 2021. 1417:Access to IVF for lesbians 1169:Georgian-Swedish filmmaker 520: 441:Republican Party of Georgia 430:2016 parliamentary election 5306: 4324:Christianization of Iberia 2237:რადიო ფორტუნა / Fortuna.ge 2212:(in Georgian). 4 June 2024 1537:Same-sex union court cases 1236:Equal age of consent (16) 1209:Georgian Fashion Designer 822:LGBT freedom of expression 795:On 17 September 2024, the 708: 562: 480:Discrimination protections 469:Oliari and Others v. Italy 361:2017 constitutional reform 96:Discrimination protections 28: 5285:LGBT in Georgia (country) 5221: 4960: 4882: 4799: 4633: 4613: 4479:Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti 4452:Principality of Mingrelia 4175: 2051:. Civil.ge. 16 May 2021. 1745:"CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA" 1038:being more unacceptable. 788:On 4 September 2024, the 733: 594:men who have sex with men 509: 488:in employment relations. 408:party and the opposition 161:Euro-Atlantic integration 47: 4733:Administrative divisions 4474:Shah Abbas I's invasions 4437:Principality of Abkhazia 4380:First Kingdom of Kakheti 3896:East Timor (Timor-Leste) 1504:Georgia (country) portal 1461:allowed to donate blood 1312:Discrimination based on 1088:seat as a member of the 957:Georgian Orthodox Church 886:Georgian Orthodox Church 877:Georgian Prime Minister 851:Georgian Orthodox Church 836:Georgian Orthodox Church 610:United National Movement 571:sex reassignment surgery 536:Georgian Orthodox Church 394:anti-discrimination bill 204:Georgian Orthodox Church 186:. According to the 2021 79:sex reassignment surgery 4442:Principality of Svaneti 4365:Kingdom of the Iberians 4269:Shulaveri–Shomu culture 4157:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 2165:Citrus County Chronicle 1568:8 December 2013 at the 1512:Human rights in Georgia 1055:National Coming Out Day 970:by far-right groups on 634:Strategy Aghmashenebeli 355:Constitution of Georgia 42:LGBTQ rights in Georgia 4340:Principality of Iberia 3469:Bosnia and Herzegovina 1249:Freedom of expression 725:package of legislation 685:State Security Service 531: 276:being overthrown, the 208:Great Turkish Invasion 4484:1795 Persian Invasion 4447:Principality of Guria 3420:LGBT rights in Europe 2210:www.interpressnews.ge 1527:LGBT rights in Europe 1128:socially conservative 1086:Tbilisi City Assembly 1063:Giorgi Margvelashvili 857:Amnesty International 797:Parliament of Georgia 790:Parliament of Georgia 783:Parliament of Georgia 781:On 27 June 2024, the 618:Girchi — More Freedom 455:on 16 December 2018. 422:Giorgi Margvelashvili 319:enemies of the people 315:counter-revolutionary 295:cultural backwardness 5080:World Heritage Sites 4663:Environmental issues 4071:United Arab Emirates 3830:LGBT rights in Asia 3216:. 19 September 2018. 2332:. 17 September 2024. 2191:. 17 September 2024. 2168:. 17 September 2024. 1721:on 22 November 2010. 1453:(Banned since 2024) 801:Salome Zourabichvili 654:Progress and Freedom 524:) reads as follows: 426:Giorgi Kvirikashvili 374:Constitutional Court 4530:Independent Georgia 4360:Kingdom of Abkhazia 4274:Kura–Araxes culture 4264:Prehistoric Georgia 4098:limited recognition 3690:States with limited 3199:, 12 September 2018 3165:Pew Research Center 2762:. 20 February 2019. 2713:. 20 February 2019. 2488:on 18 December 2019 2350:. 19 September 2024 1595:on 11 January 2012. 1532:LGBT rights in Asia 1342:Same-sex marriages 1185:Vakhtang Chabukiani 1143:World Values Survey 1032:Pew Research Center 968:violently disrupted 904:drug liberalization 879:Bidzina Ivanishvili 872:Bidzina Ivanishvili 681:Mikheil Saakashvili 644:, For the Justice, 495:On 2 May 2014, the 453:Salome Zurabishvili 386:Irakli Garibashvili 270:February Revolution 192:World Values Survey 4922:Telecommunications 4550:Russo-Georgian War 4464:Kingdom of Kakheti 4432:Kingdom of Imereti 4427:Turkmen incursions 4422:Samtskhe atabegate 4385:Kingdom of Georgia 4355:Emirate of Tbilisi 4345:Bagrationi dynasty 3306:. 6 December 2018. 3121:Lomsadze, Giorgi. 2666:"Mission / Vision" 2594:on 19 October 2014 2513:chicagotribune.com 1635:The New York Times 1440:(Repeal proposed) 1430:Conversion Therapy 1017:Ilia II of Georgia 814:, the Chairman of 721:Shalva Papuashvili 565:Transgender rights 486:sexual orientation 459:Civil partnerships 367:same-sex marriages 311:capitalist society 291:October Revolution 274:monarchy in Russia 168:Orthodox Christian 5257: 5256: 5217: 5216: 5110:Ethnic minorities 5039: 5032: 5025: 5018: 4947: 4946: 4869: 4868: 4851:Political parties 4814:Foreign relations 4786: 4785: 4611: 4610: 4515:Red Army invasion 4459:Kingdom of Kartli 4417:Timur's invasions 4400:Battle of Didgori 4375:Kingdom of Hereti 4304:Kingdom of Iberia 4203: 4202: 4140:other territories 3796: 3795: 3233:, 19 October 2017 3183:, 5 November 2017 2939:on 30 August 2019 2908:on 29 August 2019 1789:. 11 August 2016. 1473: 1472: 1432:banned on minors 1213: 1212: 1141:According to the 808:Kesaria Abramidze 719:'s party leaders 699:same-sex marriage 695:Davit Usupashvili 518: 381:Giorgi Targamadze 335:Council of Europe 220:1104 Church Synod 137: 136: 16:(Redirected from 5297: 5237: 5230: 5035: 5028: 5021: 5014: 4958: 4880: 4797: 4738:Cities and towns 4673:Greater Caucasus 4631: 4619: 4581:Military history 4566:Names of Georgia 4412:Mongol invasions 4284:Colchian culture 4279:Trialeti culture 4254: 4230: 4223: 4216: 4207: 4193: 4183: 4182: 4152:Christmas Island 3838:Sovereign states 3823: 3816: 3809: 3800: 3728:Dependencies and 3427:Sovereign states 3413: 3406: 3399: 3390: 3383: 3382: 3371: 3365: 3359: 3353: 3352: 3341: 3335: 3334: 3332: 3330: 3314: 3308: 3307: 3294: 3285: 3284: 3282: 3280: 3263: 3257: 3256: 3255:. 2 August 2018. 3243: 3234: 3224: 3218: 3217: 3214:www.intomore.com 3206: 3200: 3190: 3184: 3175: 3169: 3168: 3157: 3151: 3150: 3148: 3146: 3132: 3126: 3119: 3113: 3106: 3100: 3099: 3097: 3095: 3080: 3074: 3073: 3071: 3069: 3054: 3048: 3047: 3045: 3043: 3028: 3022: 3021: 3019: 3017: 2995: 2989: 2988: 2975: 2969: 2968: 2955: 2949: 2948: 2946: 2944: 2935:. Archived from 2924: 2918: 2917: 2915: 2913: 2904:. Archived from 2893: 2887: 2886: 2874: 2868: 2867: 2864:Georgian Journal 2856: 2850: 2849: 2837: 2831: 2830: 2819: 2813: 2812: 2800: 2794: 2793: 2791: 2789: 2770: 2764: 2763: 2752: 2746: 2745: 2743: 2741: 2732:. Archived from 2721: 2715: 2714: 2701: 2695: 2694: 2692: 2690: 2676: 2670: 2669: 2662: 2656: 2655: 2653: 2651: 2645:www.jam-news.net 2637: 2631: 2625: 2619: 2618: 2610: 2604: 2603: 2601: 2599: 2590:. Archived from 2580: 2574: 2573: 2571: 2569: 2559: 2553: 2552: 2541: 2535: 2534: 2523: 2517: 2516: 2504: 2498: 2497: 2495: 2493: 2484:. Archived from 2478: 2472: 2471: 2469: 2467: 2457: 2451: 2450: 2448: 2446: 2441:on 19 April 2018 2431: 2425: 2424: 2413: 2407: 2406: 2404: 2402: 2391: 2385: 2384: 2382: 2380: 2374:www.advocate.com 2366: 2360: 2359: 2357: 2355: 2340: 2334: 2333: 2320: 2314: 2313: 2302: 2296: 2295: 2282: 2276: 2275: 2273: 2271: 2255: 2249: 2248: 2246: 2244: 2228: 2222: 2221: 2219: 2217: 2202: 2193: 2192: 2181: 2170: 2169: 2156: 2147: 2146: 2144: 2142: 2127: 2121: 2120: 2113: 2107: 2106: 2099: 2093: 2092: 2085: 2079: 2078: 2071: 2065: 2064: 2062: 2060: 2045: 2039: 2038: 2031: 2025: 2024: 2023:. 31 March 2021. 2017: 2011: 2010: 1999: 1993: 1990: 1981: 1980: 1978: 1970: 1964: 1963: 1961: 1959: 1949: 1943: 1942: 1940: 1938: 1923: 1917: 1916: 1914: 1912: 1901: 1892: 1891: 1889: 1887: 1878:. Archived from 1872: 1866: 1865: 1858: 1852: 1851: 1850:. 10 April 2017. 1844: 1838: 1837: 1826: 1820: 1819: 1818:. 19 March 2016. 1812: 1806: 1805: 1797: 1791: 1790: 1783: 1777: 1767: 1761: 1760: 1758: 1756: 1741: 1735: 1729: 1723: 1722: 1720: 1714:. Archived from 1713: 1705: 1699: 1698: 1696: 1694: 1679: 1670: 1669: 1667: 1665: 1648: 1639: 1638: 1626: 1620: 1619: 1608: 1597: 1596: 1594: 1588:. Archived from 1587: 1579: 1573: 1556: 1506: 1501: 1500: 1499: 1492: 1487: 1486: 1485: 1468: 1452: 1439: 1424: 1411: 1398: 1386: 1374: 1362: 1349: 1336: 1323: 1306: 1293: 1280: 1267: 1256: 1243: 1230: 1220: 1153: 1090:Republican Party 1071:Mayor of Tbilisi 1007:Social attitudes 972:Rustaveli Avenue 945:Rustaveli Avenue 898:On 12 May 2018, 746: 743: 736: 735: 692:Lelo for Georgia 638:Lelo for Georgia 626:Republican Party 622:European Georgia 523: 514: 512: 511: 272:, which saw the 214:, who liberated 67:Legal since 2000 52: 38: 21: 5305: 5304: 5300: 5299: 5298: 5296: 5295: 5294: 5260: 5259: 5258: 5253: 5240: 5233: 5226: 5213: 5148: 5091: 5065:Public holidays 4943: 4907:Lari (currency) 4865: 4836:Law enforcement 4782: 4759: 4719: 4698:Protected areas 4683:Lesser Caucasus 4620: 4607: 4554: 4545:Rose Revolution 4540:War in Abkhazia 4525:April 9 tragedy 4493: 4469:Safavid Georgia 4328: 4319:Sasanian Iberia 4243: 4234: 4204: 4199: 4171: 4139: 4130: 4111:Northern Cyprus 4097: 4090: 3832: 3827: 3797: 3792: 3771: 3729: 3723: 3709:Northern Cyprus 3691: 3685: 3601:North Macedonia 3422: 3417: 3387: 3386: 3381:. 13 June 2023. 3373: 3372: 3368: 3360: 3356: 3343: 3342: 3338: 3328: 3326: 3316: 3315: 3311: 3296: 3295: 3288: 3278: 3276: 3265: 3264: 3260: 3245: 3244: 3237: 3225: 3221: 3208: 3207: 3203: 3191: 3187: 3176: 3172: 3159: 3158: 3154: 3144: 3142: 3134: 3133: 3129: 3120: 3116: 3108:Chuck Stewart, 3107: 3103: 3093: 3091: 3082: 3081: 3077: 3067: 3065: 3056: 3055: 3051: 3041: 3039: 3030: 3029: 3025: 3015: 3013: 3005:. 9 July 2023. 2997: 2996: 2992: 2977: 2976: 2972: 2957: 2956: 2952: 2942: 2940: 2926: 2925: 2921: 2911: 2909: 2895: 2894: 2890: 2876: 2875: 2871: 2858: 2857: 2853: 2839: 2838: 2834: 2821: 2820: 2816: 2802: 2801: 2797: 2787: 2785: 2784:on 24 July 2019 2772: 2771: 2767: 2754: 2753: 2749: 2739: 2737: 2723: 2722: 2718: 2703: 2702: 2698: 2688: 2686: 2684:www.dfwatch.net 2678: 2677: 2673: 2664: 2663: 2659: 2649: 2647: 2639: 2638: 2634: 2626: 2622: 2612: 2611: 2607: 2597: 2595: 2582: 2581: 2577: 2567: 2565: 2561: 2560: 2556: 2543: 2542: 2538: 2525: 2524: 2520: 2506: 2505: 2501: 2491: 2489: 2480: 2479: 2475: 2465: 2463: 2459: 2458: 2454: 2444: 2442: 2433: 2432: 2428: 2415: 2414: 2410: 2400: 2398: 2393: 2392: 2388: 2378: 2376: 2368: 2367: 2363: 2353: 2351: 2342: 2341: 2337: 2322: 2321: 2317: 2304: 2303: 2299: 2294:. 27 June 2024. 2284: 2283: 2279: 2269: 2267: 2257: 2256: 2252: 2242: 2240: 2230: 2229: 2225: 2215: 2213: 2204: 2203: 2196: 2183: 2182: 2173: 2158: 2157: 2150: 2140: 2138: 2129: 2128: 2124: 2115: 2114: 2110: 2101: 2100: 2096: 2087: 2086: 2082: 2073: 2072: 2068: 2058: 2056: 2047: 2046: 2042: 2037:. 18 July 2017. 2033: 2032: 2028: 2019: 2018: 2014: 2001: 2000: 1996: 1991: 1984: 1976: 1972: 1971: 1967: 1957: 1955: 1951: 1950: 1946: 1936: 1934: 1925: 1924: 1920: 1910: 1908: 1904:Civil Georgia. 1903: 1902: 1895: 1885: 1883: 1882:on 19 June 2012 1874: 1873: 1869: 1864:. 6 April 2018. 1860: 1859: 1855: 1846: 1845: 1841: 1828: 1827: 1823: 1814: 1813: 1809: 1799: 1798: 1794: 1785: 1784: 1780: 1768: 1764: 1754: 1752: 1743: 1742: 1738: 1730: 1726: 1718: 1711: 1707: 1706: 1702: 1692: 1690: 1681: 1680: 1673: 1663: 1661: 1650: 1649: 1642: 1628: 1627: 1623: 1610: 1609: 1600: 1592: 1585: 1581: 1580: 1576: 1570:Wayback Machine 1557: 1550: 1545: 1502: 1497: 1495: 1488: 1483: 1481: 1478: 1399:(Ban proposed) 1314:gender identity 1262: 1218: 1151: 1059:fundamentalists 1051:rainbow armband 1009: 824: 738: 713: 707: 670:Giorgi Gakharia 630:Law and Justice 602: 585: 567: 561: 548: 546:Hate crime laws 482: 461: 363: 351: 249:. In 1835, the 224:Ruisi cathedral 200: 90:No known policy 73:Gender identity 57: 43: 34: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5303: 5301: 5293: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5277: 5272: 5262: 5261: 5255: 5254: 5252: 5251: 5246: 5239: 5238: 5231: 5223: 5222: 5219: 5218: 5215: 5214: 5212: 5211: 5210: 5209: 5199: 5198: 5197: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5156: 5154: 5150: 5149: 5147: 5146: 5139: 5134: 5129: 5128: 5127: 5122: 5112: 5107: 5101: 5099: 5093: 5092: 5090: 5089: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5041: 5040: 5033: 5026: 5019: 5009: 5004: 4999: 4998: 4997: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4961: 4955: 4949: 4948: 4945: 4944: 4942: 4941: 4934: 4929: 4924: 4919: 4917:Stock Exchange 4914: 4909: 4904: 4899: 4894: 4889: 4883: 4877: 4871: 4870: 4867: 4866: 4864: 4863: 4861:Prime Minister 4858: 4853: 4848: 4843: 4838: 4833: 4832: 4831: 4821: 4816: 4811: 4806: 4800: 4794: 4788: 4787: 4784: 4783: 4781: 4780: 4775: 4769: 4767: 4761: 4760: 4758: 4757: 4750: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4729: 4727: 4721: 4720: 4718: 4717: 4710: 4705: 4700: 4695: 4693:National parks 4690: 4685: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4665: 4660: 4655: 4650: 4645: 4640: 4634: 4628: 4622: 4621: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4608: 4606: 4605: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4583: 4578: 4573: 4568: 4562: 4560: 4556: 4555: 4553: 4552: 4547: 4542: 4537: 4532: 4527: 4522: 4517: 4512: 4507: 4501: 4499: 4495: 4494: 4492: 4491: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4471: 4466: 4461: 4456: 4455: 4454: 4449: 4444: 4439: 4429: 4424: 4419: 4414: 4409: 4404: 4403: 4402: 4392: 4390:Byzantine wars 4387: 4382: 4377: 4372: 4367: 4362: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4342: 4336: 4334: 4330: 4329: 4327: 4326: 4321: 4316: 4311: 4306: 4301: 4296: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4276: 4271: 4266: 4260: 4258: 4251: 4245: 4244: 4235: 4233: 4232: 4225: 4218: 4210: 4201: 4200: 4198: 4197: 4187: 4176: 4173: 4172: 4170: 4169: 4164: 4159: 4154: 4149: 4143: 4141: 4132: 4131: 4129: 4128: 4123: 4118: 4113: 4108: 4102: 4100: 4092: 4091: 4089: 4088: 4083: 4078: 4073: 4068: 4063: 4058: 4053: 4048: 4043: 4038: 4033: 4028: 4023: 4018: 4013: 4008: 4003: 3998: 3993: 3988: 3983: 3978: 3973: 3968: 3963: 3958: 3953: 3948: 3943: 3938: 3933: 3928: 3923: 3918: 3913: 3908: 3903: 3898: 3893: 3888: 3883: 3878: 3873: 3868: 3863: 3858: 3853: 3848: 3842: 3840: 3834: 3833: 3828: 3826: 3825: 3818: 3811: 3803: 3794: 3793: 3791: 3790: 3785: 3783:European Union 3779: 3777: 3776:Other entities 3773: 3772: 3770: 3769: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3749: 3744: 3739: 3733: 3731: 3730:other entities 3725: 3724: 3722: 3721: 3716: 3711: 3706: 3701: 3695: 3693: 3687: 3686: 3684: 3683: 3678: 3676:United Kingdom 3673: 3668: 3663: 3658: 3653: 3648: 3643: 3638: 3633: 3628: 3623: 3618: 3613: 3608: 3603: 3598: 3593: 3588: 3583: 3578: 3573: 3568: 3563: 3558: 3553: 3548: 3543: 3541: 3536: 3531: 3526: 3521: 3516: 3511: 3506: 3501: 3496: 3491: 3489:Czech Republic 3486: 3481: 3476: 3471: 3466: 3461: 3456: 3451: 3446: 3441: 3436: 3430: 3428: 3424: 3423: 3418: 3416: 3415: 3408: 3401: 3393: 3385: 3384: 3366: 3354: 3351:. 7 July 2021. 3349:Foreign Policy 3336: 3309: 3286: 3258: 3235: 3219: 3201: 3185: 3170: 3167:. 10 May 2017. 3152: 3140:EurasiaNet.org 3127: 3114: 3101: 3075: 3049: 3023: 2990: 2987:. 31 May 2019. 2970: 2967:. 17 May 2019. 2950: 2919: 2888: 2869: 2866:. 9 July 2019. 2851: 2832: 2829:. 8 July 2019. 2814: 2795: 2765: 2747: 2736:on 24 May 2019 2716: 2696: 2671: 2657: 2632: 2620: 2605: 2575: 2554: 2536: 2533:. 17 May 2013. 2518: 2499: 2473: 2452: 2426: 2423:. 17 May 2012. 2408: 2397:. 24 July 2007 2386: 2361: 2335: 2315: 2297: 2277: 2250: 2223: 2194: 2171: 2148: 2122: 2108: 2094: 2080: 2066: 2040: 2026: 2012: 1994: 1982: 1965: 1944: 1918: 1893: 1867: 1853: 1839: 1821: 1807: 1792: 1778: 1762: 1736: 1724: 1700: 1671: 1660:. 27 July 2021 1640: 1621: 1598: 1574: 1547: 1546: 1544: 1541: 1540: 1539: 1534: 1529: 1524: 1519: 1514: 1508: 1507: 1493: 1477: 1474: 1471: 1470: 1462: 1455: 1454: 1446: 1442: 1441: 1433: 1426: 1425: 1418: 1414: 1413: 1405: 1401: 1400: 1392: 1388: 1387: 1380: 1376: 1375: 1368: 1364: 1363: 1356: 1352: 1351: 1343: 1339: 1338: 1330: 1326: 1325: 1317: 1309: 1308: 1300: 1296: 1295: 1287: 1283: 1282: 1274: 1270: 1269: 1250: 1246: 1245: 1237: 1233: 1232: 1224: 1217: 1214: 1211: 1210: 1207: 1205:Demna Gvasalia 1201: 1200: 1197: 1191: 1190: 1187: 1181: 1180: 1177: 1171: 1170: 1167: 1161: 1160: 1157: 1150: 1147: 1008: 1005: 834:. The head of 823: 820: 717:Georgian Dream 709:Main article: 706: 703: 658:Georgian Dream 650:Free Democrats 646:United Georgia 601: 598: 584: 583:Blood donation 581: 560: 557: 547: 544: 481: 478: 460: 457: 410:Free Democrats 406:Georgian Dream 398:European Union 362: 359: 350: 347: 343:age of consent 247:Russian Empire 236:Kartli-Kakheti 199: 196: 157:European Union 135: 134: 131: 125: 124: 121: 117: 116: 113: 107: 106: 102: 101: 98: 92: 91: 88: 82: 81: 75: 69: 68: 65: 59: 58: 53: 45: 44: 41: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5302: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5268: 5267: 5265: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5241: 5236: 5232: 5229: 5225: 5224: 5220: 5208: 5205: 5204: 5203: 5200: 5196: 5193: 5192: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5165:Bolnisi cross 5163: 5161: 5158: 5157: 5155: 5151: 5145: 5144: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5117: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5103: 5102: 5100: 5098: 5094: 5088: 5087: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5038: 5034: 5031: 5027: 5024: 5020: 5017: 5013: 5012: 5010: 5008: 5005: 5003: 5000: 4996: 4993: 4992: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4966: 4963: 4962: 4959: 4956: 4954: 4950: 4940: 4939: 4935: 4933: 4930: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4920: 4918: 4915: 4913: 4910: 4908: 4905: 4903: 4900: 4898: 4895: 4893: 4890: 4888: 4885: 4884: 4881: 4878: 4876: 4872: 4862: 4859: 4857: 4854: 4852: 4849: 4847: 4844: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4830: 4827: 4826: 4825: 4822: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4812: 4810: 4807: 4805: 4802: 4801: 4798: 4795: 4793: 4789: 4779: 4778:South Ossetia 4776: 4774: 4771: 4770: 4768: 4766: 4762: 4756: 4755: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4730: 4728: 4726: 4722: 4716: 4715: 4711: 4709: 4706: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4659: 4656: 4654: 4651: 4649: 4646: 4644: 4641: 4639: 4636: 4635: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4623: 4618: 4604: 4603: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4582: 4579: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4563: 4561: 4557: 4551: 4548: 4546: 4543: 4541: 4538: 4536: 4533: 4531: 4528: 4526: 4523: 4521: 4518: 4516: 4513: 4511: 4508: 4506: 4503: 4502: 4500: 4496: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4472: 4470: 4467: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4434: 4433: 4430: 4428: 4425: 4423: 4420: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4401: 4398: 4397: 4396: 4393: 4391: 4388: 4386: 4383: 4381: 4378: 4376: 4373: 4371: 4368: 4366: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4343: 4341: 4338: 4337: 4335: 4331: 4325: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4310: 4307: 4305: 4302: 4300: 4297: 4295: 4292: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4261: 4259: 4255: 4252: 4250: 4246: 4242: 4238: 4231: 4226: 4224: 4219: 4217: 4212: 4211: 4208: 4196: 4192: 4188: 4186: 4178: 4177: 4174: 4168: 4165: 4163: 4160: 4158: 4155: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4145: 4144: 4142: 4137: 4133: 4127: 4124: 4122: 4121:South Ossetia 4119: 4117: 4114: 4112: 4109: 4107: 4104: 4103: 4101: 4099: 4093: 4087: 4084: 4082: 4079: 4077: 4074: 4072: 4069: 4067: 4064: 4062: 4059: 4057: 4054: 4052: 4049: 4047: 4044: 4042: 4039: 4037: 4034: 4032: 4029: 4027: 4024: 4022: 4019: 4017: 4014: 4012: 4009: 4007: 4004: 4002: 3999: 3997: 3994: 3992: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3982: 3979: 3977: 3974: 3972: 3969: 3967: 3964: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3947: 3944: 3942: 3939: 3937: 3934: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3919: 3917: 3914: 3912: 3909: 3907: 3904: 3902: 3899: 3897: 3894: 3892: 3889: 3887: 3884: 3882: 3879: 3877: 3874: 3872: 3869: 3867: 3864: 3862: 3859: 3857: 3854: 3852: 3849: 3847: 3844: 3843: 3841: 3839: 3835: 3831: 3824: 3819: 3817: 3812: 3810: 3805: 3804: 3801: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3780: 3778: 3774: 3768: 3765: 3763: 3760: 3758: 3755: 3753: 3750: 3748: 3745: 3743: 3742:Faroe Islands 3740: 3738: 3735: 3734: 3732: 3726: 3720: 3717: 3715: 3714:South Ossetia 3712: 3710: 3707: 3705: 3702: 3700: 3697: 3696: 3694: 3688: 3682: 3679: 3677: 3674: 3672: 3669: 3667: 3664: 3662: 3659: 3657: 3654: 3652: 3649: 3647: 3644: 3642: 3639: 3637: 3634: 3632: 3629: 3627: 3624: 3622: 3619: 3617: 3614: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3597: 3594: 3592: 3589: 3587: 3584: 3582: 3579: 3577: 3574: 3572: 3569: 3567: 3564: 3562: 3561:Liechtenstein 3559: 3557: 3554: 3552: 3549: 3547: 3544: 3542: 3540: 3537: 3535: 3532: 3530: 3527: 3525: 3522: 3520: 3517: 3515: 3512: 3510: 3507: 3505: 3502: 3500: 3497: 3495: 3492: 3490: 3487: 3485: 3482: 3480: 3477: 3475: 3472: 3470: 3467: 3465: 3462: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3450: 3447: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3431: 3429: 3425: 3421: 3414: 3409: 3407: 3402: 3400: 3395: 3394: 3391: 3380: 3376: 3370: 3367: 3363: 3358: 3355: 3350: 3346: 3340: 3337: 3325: 3324: 3319: 3313: 3310: 3305: 3304: 3299: 3293: 3291: 3287: 3275: 3274: 3269: 3262: 3259: 3254: 3253: 3248: 3242: 3240: 3236: 3232: 3228: 3223: 3220: 3215: 3211: 3205: 3202: 3198: 3194: 3189: 3186: 3182: 3181:Global Voices 3179: 3174: 3171: 3166: 3162: 3156: 3153: 3141: 3137: 3131: 3128: 3124: 3118: 3115: 3111: 3105: 3102: 3090:. 8 July 2023 3089: 3085: 3079: 3076: 3064: 3060: 3053: 3050: 3038:. 8 July 2023 3037: 3033: 3027: 3024: 3012: 3008: 3004: 3000: 2994: 2991: 2986: 2985: 2980: 2974: 2971: 2966: 2965: 2960: 2954: 2951: 2938: 2934: 2933:Georgia Today 2930: 2923: 2920: 2907: 2903: 2902:Georgia Today 2899: 2892: 2889: 2884: 2880: 2873: 2870: 2865: 2861: 2855: 2852: 2847: 2843: 2836: 2833: 2828: 2824: 2818: 2815: 2810: 2806: 2799: 2796: 2783: 2779: 2778:Georgia Today 2775: 2769: 2766: 2761: 2757: 2751: 2748: 2735: 2731: 2730:Georgia Today 2727: 2720: 2717: 2712: 2711: 2706: 2700: 2697: 2685: 2681: 2675: 2672: 2667: 2661: 2658: 2646: 2642: 2636: 2633: 2629: 2624: 2621: 2616: 2609: 2606: 2593: 2589: 2585: 2579: 2576: 2564: 2558: 2555: 2550: 2546: 2540: 2537: 2532: 2528: 2522: 2519: 2514: 2510: 2503: 2500: 2487: 2483: 2477: 2474: 2462: 2456: 2453: 2440: 2436: 2430: 2427: 2422: 2418: 2412: 2409: 2396: 2390: 2387: 2375: 2371: 2365: 2362: 2349: 2345: 2339: 2336: 2331: 2330: 2329:Civil Georgia 2325: 2319: 2316: 2311: 2310:Civil Georgia 2307: 2301: 2298: 2293: 2292: 2287: 2281: 2278: 2266:(in Georgian) 2265: 2261: 2254: 2251: 2239:(in Georgian) 2238: 2234: 2227: 2224: 2211: 2207: 2201: 2199: 2195: 2190: 2186: 2180: 2178: 2176: 2172: 2167: 2166: 2161: 2155: 2153: 2149: 2137: 2133: 2126: 2123: 2118: 2112: 2109: 2104: 2098: 2095: 2090: 2084: 2081: 2076: 2070: 2067: 2054: 2050: 2044: 2041: 2036: 2030: 2027: 2022: 2016: 2013: 2008: 2004: 1998: 1995: 1989: 1987: 1983: 1975: 1969: 1966: 1954: 1948: 1945: 1932: 1928: 1922: 1919: 1907: 1900: 1898: 1894: 1881: 1877: 1871: 1868: 1863: 1857: 1854: 1849: 1843: 1840: 1835: 1831: 1825: 1822: 1817: 1811: 1808: 1803: 1796: 1793: 1788: 1782: 1779: 1775: 1774:Civil Georgia 1771: 1766: 1763: 1750: 1749:matsne.gov.ge 1746: 1740: 1737: 1733: 1728: 1725: 1717: 1710: 1704: 1701: 1688: 1684: 1678: 1676: 1672: 1659: 1658: 1653: 1647: 1645: 1641: 1636: 1632: 1625: 1622: 1617: 1613: 1607: 1605: 1603: 1599: 1591: 1584: 1578: 1575: 1572:20 April 2012 1571: 1567: 1564: 1560: 1555: 1553: 1549: 1542: 1538: 1535: 1533: 1530: 1528: 1525: 1523: 1520: 1518: 1515: 1513: 1510: 1509: 1505: 1494: 1491: 1480: 1475: 1469:(Since 2017) 1467: 1463: 1460: 1457: 1456: 1451: 1447: 1444: 1443: 1438: 1434: 1431: 1428: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1416: 1415: 1410: 1406: 1403: 1402: 1397: 1393: 1390: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1378: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1366: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1354: 1353: 1348: 1344: 1341: 1340: 1335: 1331: 1328: 1327: 1322: 1318: 1315: 1311: 1310: 1305: 1301: 1298: 1297: 1292: 1288: 1285: 1284: 1279: 1275: 1272: 1271: 1266: 1261:unrestricted) 1260: 1255: 1251: 1248: 1247: 1244:(Since 2000) 1242: 1238: 1235: 1234: 1231:(Since 2000) 1229: 1225: 1222: 1221: 1216:Summary table 1215: 1208: 1206: 1203: 1202: 1198: 1196: 1195:Davit Gabunia 1193: 1192: 1188: 1186: 1183: 1182: 1178: 1176: 1175:George Arison 1173: 1172: 1168: 1166: 1163: 1162: 1158: 1155: 1154: 1148: 1146: 1144: 1139: 1135: 1133: 1129: 1125: 1120: 1118: 1113: 1110: 1105: 1101: 1099: 1093: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1078: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1067:Kakha Kaladze 1064: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1039: 1037: 1033: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1018: 1014: 1006: 1004: 1001: 996: 991: 988: 983: 979: 977: 973: 969: 964: 962: 958: 953: 948: 946: 941: 937: 932: 928: 924: 923:Tbilisi Pride 919: 917: 913: 909: 905: 901: 896: 893: 891: 890:family values 887: 884:In 2014, the 882: 880: 875: 873: 869: 865: 863: 858: 854: 852: 848: 844: 839: 837: 833: 828: 821: 819: 817: 813: 809: 804: 802: 798: 793: 791: 786: 784: 779: 776: 773: 767: 765: 764:Tbilisi Pride 760: 756: 752: 750: 741: 730: 726: 722: 718: 712: 704: 702: 700: 696: 693: 688: 686: 682: 678: 673: 671: 667: 663: 659: 655: 651: 647: 643: 639: 635: 631: 627: 623: 619: 615: 611: 607: 599: 597: 595: 589: 582: 580: 577: 574: 572: 566: 558: 556: 552: 545: 543: 541: 537: 530: 525: 522: 517: 506: 502: 498: 493: 489: 487: 479: 477: 475: 471: 470: 464: 458: 456: 454: 450: 444: 442: 437: 433: 431: 427: 423: 419: 414: 411: 407: 401: 399: 395: 391: 387: 382: 379: 375: 370: 368: 360: 358: 356: 348: 346: 344: 340: 336: 330: 328: 324: 320: 316: 312: 307: 302: 300: 296: 292: 287: 283: 279: 275: 271: 266: 264: 260: 256: 252: 248: 244: 239: 237: 233: 229: 225: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 197: 195: 193: 189: 185: 181: 177: 172: 169: 164: 162: 158: 154: 150: 146: 145:Baltic states 142: 132: 130: 126: 122: 118: 114: 112: 108: 105:Family rights 103: 99: 97: 93: 89: 87: 83: 80: 76: 74: 70: 66: 64: 60: 56: 51: 46: 39: 36: 32: 27: 19: 5190:Saint George 5175:Coat of arms 5141: 5097:Demographics 5084: 4970:Architecture 4936: 4892:Central bank 4828: 4824:Human rights 4804:Constitution 4752: 4725:Subdivisions 4712: 4600: 4510:Armenian War 4136:Dependencies 4066:Turkmenistan 4031:Saudi Arabia 3905: 3719:Transnistria 3681:Vatican City 3513: 3378: 3369: 3357: 3348: 3339: 3327:. Retrieved 3321: 3312: 3301: 3277:. Retrieved 3271: 3261: 3250: 3230: 3222: 3213: 3204: 3196: 3188: 3180: 3173: 3164: 3155: 3143:. Retrieved 3139: 3130: 3117: 3109: 3104: 3092:. Retrieved 3087: 3078: 3066:. Retrieved 3062: 3052: 3040:. Retrieved 3035: 3026: 3014:. Retrieved 3003:The Guardian 3002: 2993: 2982: 2973: 2962: 2953: 2941:. Retrieved 2937:the original 2932: 2922: 2910:. Retrieved 2906:the original 2901: 2891: 2882: 2872: 2863: 2854: 2845: 2835: 2826: 2817: 2808: 2798: 2786:. Retrieved 2782:the original 2777: 2768: 2759: 2750: 2738:. Retrieved 2734:the original 2729: 2719: 2708: 2699: 2687:. Retrieved 2683: 2674: 2660: 2648:. Retrieved 2644: 2635: 2623: 2608: 2596:. Retrieved 2592:the original 2587: 2578: 2566:. Retrieved 2557: 2549:interfax.com 2548: 2539: 2530: 2521: 2512: 2502: 2490:. Retrieved 2486:the original 2476: 2464:. Retrieved 2455: 2443:. Retrieved 2439:the original 2429: 2420: 2411: 2399:. Retrieved 2389: 2379:19 September 2377:. Retrieved 2373: 2364: 2354:20 September 2352:. Retrieved 2347: 2338: 2327: 2318: 2309: 2300: 2289: 2280: 2268:. Retrieved 2263: 2253: 2241:. Retrieved 2236: 2226: 2214:. Retrieved 2209: 2188: 2163: 2139:. Retrieved 2135: 2125: 2111: 2097: 2083: 2069: 2057:. Retrieved 2043: 2029: 2015: 2006: 1997: 1968: 1956:. Retrieved 1947: 1935:. Retrieved 1933:. 7 May 2014 1930: 1921: 1909:. Retrieved 1884:. Retrieved 1880:the original 1870: 1856: 1842: 1833: 1824: 1810: 1795: 1781: 1765: 1753:. Retrieved 1748: 1739: 1727: 1716:the original 1703: 1691:. Retrieved 1686: 1662:. Retrieved 1655: 1634: 1624: 1615: 1590:the original 1577: 1490:LGBTQ portal 1258: 1140: 1136: 1121: 1114: 1106: 1102: 1094: 1079: 1043:Guram Kashia 1040: 1036:prostitution 1029: 1025: 1021: 1012: 1010: 992: 984: 980: 965: 949: 920: 912:conservative 897: 894: 883: 876: 866: 855: 840: 829: 825: 812:Michael Roth 805: 794: 787: 780: 768: 761: 757: 753: 723:initiated a 714: 689: 674: 640:, Reformer, 603: 590: 586: 578: 575: 568: 553: 549: 538:, Patriarch 532: 527: 500: 494: 490: 483: 467: 465: 462: 445: 438: 434: 415: 413:opposition. 402: 371: 364: 352: 331: 303: 267: 243:incorporated 240: 232:Heraclius II 206:. After age 201: 173: 165: 138: 120:Restrictions 35: 26: 5132:Health care 4887:Agriculture 4658:Earthquakes 4395:Seljuk wars 4195:Asia portal 4096:States with 4016:Philippines 3956:South Korea 3951:North Korea 3846:Afghanistan 3757:Isle of Man 3692:recognition 3661:Switzerland 3596:Netherlands 3329:15 February 2740:21 February 2630:14 May 2013 1755:26 December 1559:ILGA-Europe 1138:important. 1053:as part of 1047:Netherlands 666:For Georgia 5264:Categories 5202:Saint Nino 5030:Mingrelian 5011:Languages 4846:Parliament 4819:Government 4407:Golden Age 4076:Uzbekistan 4051:Tajikistan 3966:Kyrgyzstan 3946:Kazakhstan 3866:Bangladesh 3856:Azerbaijan 3631:San Marino 3591:Montenegro 3571:Luxembourg 3551:Kazakhstan 3454:Azerbaijan 2809:Yahoo News 2545:"Interfax" 2492:3 February 1886:27 January 1543:References 1165:Levan Akin 1098:Government 902:demanding 832:gay parade 775:Gia Volski 563:See also: 516:translit.: 497:Parliament 390:government 286:Bolsheviks 284:and other 268:After the 5115:Georgians 5105:Education 5055:Mythology 4932:Transport 4897:Companies 4856:President 4809:Elections 4708:Volcanoes 4648:Black Sea 4626:Geography 4535:Civil War 4350:Arab rule 4314:Roman era 4162:Hong Kong 4116:Palestine 4041:Sri Lanka 4036:Singapore 3916:Indonesia 3747:Gibraltar 3566:Lithuania 3145:23 August 3011:0261-3077 2598:23 August 2568:23 August 2563:"Georgia" 2466:23 August 2445:23 August 2401:23 August 1958:23 August 1937:23 August 1911:23 August 1834:Jamestown 1693:21 August 1664:21 August 1000:Lisi Lake 995:disrupted 959:in 2014, 816:Bundestag 740:romanized 299:Caucasian 245:into the 5244:Category 5170:Borjgali 5125:Diaspora 5070:Religion 5016:Georgian 5007:Gambling 4965:Alphabet 4841:Military 4792:Politics 4773:Abkhazia 4668:Glaciers 4571:Monarchs 4559:By topic 4241:articles 4185:Category 4106:Abkhazia 4056:Thailand 4011:Pakistan 3991:Mongolia 3986:Maldives 3981:Malaysia 3881:Cambodia 3767:Svalbard 3752:Guernsey 3699:Abkhazia 3646:Slovenia 3641:Slovakia 3616:Portugal 3474:Bulgaria 3362:NDI poll 3323:OC Media 3303:OC Media 3273:OC Media 3252:OC Media 3197:PinkNews 3088:Sky News 3036:BBC News 2984:OC Media 2964:OC Media 2846:PinkNews 2760:Jam News 2710:OC Media 2531:BBC News 2421:BBC News 2348:BBC News 2291:OC Media 2136:POLITICO 2053:Archived 1687:Equaldex 1657:OC Media 1616:women.ge 1566:Archived 1476:See also 987:Alt-Info 900:protests 843:Identoba 729:Georgian 662:Citizens 505:Georgian 337:and the 323:abortion 212:David IV 129:Adoption 86:Military 5228:Outline 5153:Symbols 4990:Cuisine 4953:Culture 4927:Tourism 4875:Economy 4748:Regions 4743:Tbilisi 4688:Mammals 4653:Climate 4638:Borders 4591:Battles 4299:Colchis 4294:Diauehi 4249:History 4237:Georgia 4081:Vietnam 3996:Myanmar 3976:Lebanon 3906:Georgia 3861:Bahrain 3851:Armenia 3671:Ukraine 3621:Romania 3581:Moldova 3539:Ireland 3534:Iceland 3529:Hungary 3519:Germany 3514:Georgia 3504:Finland 3499:Estonia 3494:Denmark 3479:Croatia 3464:Belgium 3459:Belarus 3449:Austria 3444:Armenia 3439:Andorra 3434:Albania 3231:Reuters 3042:12 July 3016:12 July 2943:14 July 2912:14 July 2883:Reuters 2189:Reuters 1316:banned 1259:De jure 1080:In the 1049:with a 1030:A 2016 976:Tbilisi 955:by the 927:Tbilisi 908:fascist 540:Ilia II 392:tabled 278:czarist 263:Tbilisi 255:Siberia 216:Georgia 153:Ukraine 149:Moldova 141:Georgia 55:Georgia 5249:Portal 5160:Anthem 5075:Sports 4985:Cinema 4980:Chokha 4912:Mining 4902:Energy 4703:Rivers 4576:States 4498:Modern 4333:Middle 4309:Lazica 4289:Mushki 4239: 4126:Taiwan 4061:Turkey 4026:Russia 3961:Kuwait 3941:Jordan 3931:Israel 3891:Cyprus 3876:Brunei 3871:Bhutan 3762:Jersey 3704:Kosovo 3666:Turkey 3656:Sweden 3636:Serbia 3626:Russia 3611:Poland 3606:Norway 3586:Monaco 3556:Latvia 3524:Greece 3509:France 3484:Cyprus 3279:11 May 3112:, 2010 3094:9 July 3068:9 July 3009: 2788:3 June 2689:17 May 2650:6 July 2270:6 June 2243:6 June 2216:6 June 2141:6 June 2059:8 July 1689:. 2022 1159:Notes 749:Russia 731:: 668:party 614:Girchi 507:: 341:. The 327:Soviet 306:Stalin 228:sodomy 151:, and 63:Status 5235:Index 5207:cross 5195:cross 5185:Motto 5137:Women 5060:Names 5050:Music 5045:Media 5002:Dance 4678:Lakes 4643:Birds 4257:Early 4167:Macau 4086:Yemen 4046:Syria 4021:Qatar 4001:Nepal 3936:Japan 3911:India 3901:Egypt 3886:China 3737:Åland 3651:Spain 3576:Malta 3546:Italy 1977:(PDF) 1719:(PDF) 1712:(PDF) 1593:(PDF) 1586:(PDF) 1013:Bar-4 936:riots 282:Lenin 259:Kinto 5180:Flag 5143:more 5120:List 5086:more 5037:Svan 4995:Wine 4938:more 4829:LGBT 4754:more 4714:more 4602:more 4586:Wars 4006:Oman 3971:Laos 3926:Iraq 3921:Iran 3331:2021 3281:2021 3147:2015 3096:2023 3070:2023 3044:2023 3018:2023 3007:ISSN 2945:2019 2914:2019 2790:2019 2742:2019 2691:2018 2652:2021 2600:2015 2588:GYLA 2570:2015 2494:2013 2468:2015 2447:2015 2403:2015 2381:2024 2356:2024 2272:2024 2245:2024 2218:2024 2143:2024 2061:2021 1960:2015 1939:2015 1913:2015 1888:2013 1757:2018 1695:2023 1666:2021 1156:Name 1075:UEFA 910:and 642:Droa 317:and 184:2023 182:and 180:2021 176:2013 5023:Laz 4975:Art 4138:and 3379:CNE 3063:CNN 1459:MSM 974:in 596:". 234:of 222:at 163:. 5266:: 3377:. 3347:. 3320:. 3300:. 3289:^ 3270:. 3249:. 3238:^ 3229:, 3212:. 3195:. 3163:. 3138:. 3086:. 3061:. 3034:. 3001:. 2981:. 2961:. 2931:. 2900:. 2881:. 2862:. 2844:. 2825:. 2807:. 2776:. 2758:. 2728:. 2707:. 2682:. 2643:. 2586:. 2547:. 2529:. 2511:. 2419:. 2372:. 2346:. 2326:. 2308:. 2288:. 2262:. 2235:. 2208:. 2197:^ 2187:. 2174:^ 2162:. 2151:^ 2134:. 2005:. 1985:^ 1929:. 1896:^ 1832:. 1772:, 1747:. 1685:. 1674:^ 1654:. 1643:^ 1633:. 1614:. 1601:^ 1561:, 1551:^ 1065:. 963:. 751:. 737:, 701:. 687:. 652:, 648:, 636:, 632:, 628:, 624:, 620:, 616:, 612:, 573:. 513:, 432:. 210:, 178:, 147:, 133:No 115:No 4229:e 4222:t 4215:v 3822:e 3815:t 3808:v 3412:e 3405:t 3398:v 3333:. 3283:. 3149:. 3098:. 3072:. 3046:. 3020:. 2947:. 2916:. 2885:. 2848:. 2811:. 2792:. 2744:. 2693:. 2668:. 2654:. 2617:. 2602:. 2572:. 2551:. 2515:. 2496:. 2470:. 2449:. 2405:. 2383:. 2358:. 2274:. 2247:. 2220:. 2145:. 2063:. 2009:. 1979:. 1962:. 1941:. 1915:. 1890:. 1836:. 1804:. 1759:. 1697:. 1668:. 1637:. 1618:. 1257:( 742:: 592:" 503:( 33:. 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.