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1975, the additional requirement of 500,000 units sold was added for Gold albums. Reflecting growth in record sales, the
Platinum award was added in 1976, for albums able to sell one million units, while singles qualify upon selling two million units. The Multi-Platinum award was introduced in 1984, signifying multiple Platinum levels of albums and singles. In 1989, the sales thresholds for singles were reduced to 500,000 for Gold and 1,000,000 for Platinum, reflecting a decrease in sales of singles. In 1992, RIAA began counting each disc in a multi-disc set as one unit toward certification. Reflecting additional growth in music sales, the Diamond award was instituted in 1999 for albums or singles selling ten million units. Because of these changes in criteria, the sales level associated with a particular award depends on when the award was made.
623:, and as such do not know any additional information about a person before they sue. After an Internet subscriber's identity is discovered, but before an individual lawsuit is filed, the subscriber is typically offered an opportunity to settle. The standard settlement is a payment to RIAA and an agreement not to engage in file sharing of music. Such suits are also usually on par with statutory damages of $ 750 per work, with the RIAA choosing the number of works it deems "reasonable". For cases that do not settle at this amount, the RIAA has gone to trial, seeking statutory damages from the jury, written into The
702:. Most of these suits were settled with monetary payments averaging $ 3,000. Kazaa publisher Sharman Networks responded with a lawsuit against RIAA, alleging that the terms of use of the network were violated and that unauthorized client software was used in the investigation to track down the individual file sharers (such as Kazaa Lite). An effort to throw out this suit was denied in January 2004, but that suit was settled in 2006. Sharman Networks agreed to a global settlement of litigation brought against it by the Motion Picture Association of America, the
734:
infringement. In addition, and perhaps most importantly for future cases, Baer said that Usenet.com cannot claim protection under the Sony
Betamax decision. That ruling states that companies cannot be held liable for contributory infringement if the device they create is "capable of significant noninfringing uses". Furthermore, the parties had appealed to a federal court for damage assessments and awards, which could amount to several millions of dollars for the music industry.
429:
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662:, where they can make "discount" settlements payable by credit card. The letters go on to say that anyone not settling will have lawsuits brought against them. Typical settlements are between $ 3,000 and $ 12,000. This new strategy was formed because the RIAA's legal fees were cutting into the income from settlements. In 2008, RIAA sued 19-year-old Ciara Sauro for allegedly sharing 10 songs online.
726:. Unlike many of RIAA's previous lawsuits, this suit was filed against the provider of a service. Providers have no direct means of removing infringing content. RIAA's argument relies heavily on the fact the Usenet.com, the only defendant that had been named, promoted their service with slogans and phrases that strongly suggested that the service could be used to obtain free music.
790:", thereby stripping artists of their copyright interests and transferring those interests to their record labels. Shortly afterwards, Glazier was hired as Senior Vice President of Government Relations and Legislative Counsel for the RIAA, which vigorously defended the change when it came to light. The battle over the disputed provision led to the formation of the
416:. Currently, a "Disco De Oro" (Gold) is awarded for 30,000 units, and a "Disco De Platino" is awarded for 60,000 units. Further, the "Album Multi-Platino" honor is awarded at 120,000, and "Diamante" requires 10 times as many units as "Platino" (600,000). The RIAA defines "Latin music" as a type of release with 51% or more of its content recorded in
967:
602:
The association has commenced high-profile lawsuits against file-sharing service providers. Likewise, it has sued individuals suspected of file sharing, notably college students, parents of file-sharing children and at least one dead person. It is accused of employing techniques such as peer-to-peer
567:
Along with albums, digital albums, and singles, another classification of music release is called "video longform". This release format includes DVD and VHS releases. Further, certain live albums and compilation albums are counted. The certification criteria are slightly different from other styles.
404:
The RIAA operates an award program for albums that sell a large number of copies. The award was launched in 1958; originally, the requirement for a Gold single was one million units sold and a Gold album represented $ 1 million in sales (at wholesale value, around a third of the list price). In
669:
program" directed to ISPs and to colleges and universities, urging them to pass along letters to subscribers and students offering early settlements, prior to the disclosure of their identities. The settlement letters urged ISPs to preserve evidence for the benefit of the RIAA and invited the
215:
Mitch
Glazier has been the RIAA's chairman and CEO since 2019. Glazier joined the RIAA 20 years ago and has played a role in the music industry's transition to streaming and "anywhere, anytime" access to music. He was the RIAA's senior executive vice president from 2011 to 2019 and served as
733:
On June 30, 2009, RIAA prevailed in its fight against Usenet.com, in a decision, that the U.S. District Judge Harold Baer of the
Southern District of New York ruled in favor of the music industry on all its main arguments: that Usenet.com was guilty of direct, contributory, and vicarious
713:
from enabling its subscribers from playing songs they had recorded from its satellite broadcasts. It is also suing several
Internet radio stations. Later, XM was forced to impose an industry fee upon subscribers. The fee still exists and has always been paid, in-full, directly to RIAA.
706:, and by RIAA. The creators of the popular Kazaa file-sharing network would pay $ 115 million to RIAA, plus unspecified future amounts to MPAA and the software industry; and, they would install filters on its networks to prevent users from sharing copyrighted works on its network.
341:
The RIAA represents over 1,600 member labels, which are private corporate entities such as record labels and distributors, and collectively create and distribute about 90% of recorded music sold in the United States. The largest and most influential of the members are the "Big Three":
729:
On April 28, 2008, RIAA member labels sued
Project Playlist, a web music search site, claiming that most of the sound recordings in the site's index of links are infringing. Project Playlist's website denies that any of the music is hosted on Project Playlist's own servers.
389:
The RIAA reports that total retail value of recordings sold by their members was $ 10.4 billion at the end of 2007, a decline from $ 14.6 billion in 1999. Estimated retail revenues from recorded music in the United States grew 11.4% in 2016 to $ 7.7 billion.
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and the likes also began to be counted towards the certification, using the formula of 100 streams being the equivalent of one download; thus, RIAA certification for singles no longer reflects actual sales. In the same year, the RIAA introduced the Latin
Digital Award for
1571:
610:
In late 2008, they announced they would stop their lawsuits, and instead attempt to work with ISPs to persuade them to use a three-strike system for file sharing involving issuing two warnings and then cutting off
Internet service after the third strike.
688:. The Rio PMP300 was significant because it was the second portable consumer MP3 digital audio player released on the market. The three-judge panel ruled in favor of Diamond, paving the way for the development of the portable digital player market.
785:
In 1999, Mitch
Glazier, a Congressional staff attorney, inserted, without public notice or comment, substantive language into the final markup of a "technical corrections" section of copyright legislation, classifying many music recordings as
162:
RIAA was formed in 1952. Its original mission was to administer recording copyright fees and problems, work with trade unions, and do research relating to the record industry and government regulations. Early RIAA standards included the
598:
RIAA opposes unauthorized sharing of its members' music. Studies conducted since the association began its campaign against peer-to-peer file-sharing have concluded that losses incurred per download range from negligible to moderate.
1534:
878:. The site had allegedly stole music to mint as NFTs, and host them on their site. Since then, HitPiece has only responded with "We Started The Conversation And We're Listening." However, their site has not been updated since.
624:
1567:
156:. Its members consist of record labels and distributors that the RIAA says "create, manufacture, and/or distribute approximately 85% of all legally sold recorded music in the United States". RIAA is headquartered in
3141:
1597:
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students and subscribers to visit an RIAA website for the purpose of entering into a "discount settlement" payable by credit card. By March 2007, the focus had shifted from ISPs to colleges and universities.
717:
On
October 12, 2007, RIAA sued Usenet.com seeking a permanent injunction to prevent the company from "aiding, encouraging, enabling, inducing, causing, materially contributing to, or otherwise facilitating"
649:
to persons dead or otherwise incapable of file-sharing. Two such examples include: a then-recently deceased 83-year-old woman an elderly computer novice, and a family reportedly without any computer at all.
737:
On October 26, 2010, RIAA members won a case against LimeWire, a P2P file-sharing network, for illegal distribution of copyrighted works. On October 29, in retaliation, riaa.org was taken offline via
444:
In 2004, the RIAA added a branch of certification for what it calls "digital" recordings, essentially referring to "recordings transferred to the recipient over a network" (such as those sold via the
1661:
1628:
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1542:
1727:
2575:
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RIAA is heavily criticized for both policy and for their method of suing individuals for copyright infringement. Particularly strong critic-advocates are Internet-based, such as the
3237:
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2006:
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179:
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900:. RIAA has sued more than 20,000 people in the United States suspected of distributing copyrighted works. Of these, approximately 2,500 were settled pre-trial.
2597:
1014:
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oppose the ability of RIAA and other companies to "strip Internet users of anonymity without allowing them to challenge the order in court". Importantly,
3242:
1650:
460:. In 2006, "digital ringtones" were added to this branch of certification. Starting in 2013, streaming from audio and video streaming services such as
1979:
1620:
1118:
1108:." Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved on September 13, 2011. "We are located at 1025 F ST N.W., 10th Floor, Washington, D.C. 20004."
2322:
1101:
887:
593:
2802:
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1716:
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1391:
639:
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1943:
722:. This suit, the first that RIAA has filed against a Usenet provider, has added another branch to RIAA's rapidly expanding fight to curb the
2852:"This all feels like legal analysis from a different time, because frankly this is quite a throwback threat. It feels like DeCSS or Napster"
2432:
1088:." Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved on September 13, 2011. "RIAA, 1025 F Street NW, 10th Floor, Washington, D.C. 20004."
848:
can be used by archivists to download videos of social injustice. According to Parker Higgins, former Director of Copyright Activism at the
527:
In February 2016, RIAA updated its certification criteria for album-level awards to combine streaming and track sales using the formula for
3085:
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2002:
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In September 2003, RIAA filed suit in civil court against several private individuals who had shared large numbers of files with
2452:
2300:
RIAA Adopts New Policy, offers Pre-Doe settlement option if ISP Holds Logs Longer, Asks ISP's to Correct Identification Mistakes
3196:
2991:
Goddard Lieberson, head of Columbia Records, was elected president of the Record Industry Association of America yesterday. ...
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893:
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have declared that an IP address is not a person nor personal identifier. This weakened RIAA's ability to sue individuals.
2540:
1171:
1140:
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2213:
197:
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In February 2007, RIAA began sending letters accusing Internet users of sharing files and directing them to web site
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346:
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1969:
1081:
1056:
318:
108:
2319:
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1774:
1098:
723:
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269:
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curve, the format of the stereophonic record groove and the dimensions of 33 1/3, 45, and 78 rpm records.
3211:
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and Flatlan, describing them as "a sophisticated network designed to enable widespread music thievery".
528:
351:
175:
2273:
2855:
1757:
1399:
986:
2628:
1933:
2343:
1970:"RIAA chief invokes Martin Luther King in pigopoly defense: P2P poisoning, ISP clampdown justified"
837:
428:
409:
2777:
1153:"New Disk Trade Org To Swing Into Action", Billboard Magazine, September 22, 1951, pages 13 and 20
2973:
2430:
1840:
1535:"RIAA News Room – RIAA Launches "Los Premios de Oro y De Platino" to Recognize Top Latin Artists"
865:
710:
678:
453:
399:
356:
259:
201:
3081:
1223:
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2085:"Citing Right to Anonymity Online, ACLU Asks Boston Court to Block Recording Industry Subpoena"
2058:
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1514:
1481:
1475:
1427:
1134:
1024:
994:
921:
875:
746:
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RIAA's methods of identifying individual users had, in some rare cases, led to the issuing of
474:
164:
145:
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1878:
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17:
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367:
242:
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440:, who was the RIAA's 2019 Artist of the Year, at an RIAA event in Washington, DC, in 2019
2186:
2136:
1904:
1686:
2110:
901:
635:
619:
RIAA names defendants based on ISP identification of the subscriber associated with an
375:
149:
2448:
362:
Within the major three music groups, it represents high-profile record labels such as
192:
Between 2001 and 2020, RIAA spent between $ 2.4 million and $ 6.5 million annually on
3226:
3181:
2571:
1503:
1420:
951:
939:
833:
787:
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as between $ 750 and $ 30,000 per work or $ 750 and $ 150,000 per work if "willful".
324:
314:
224:
216:
executive vice president for public policy and industry relations from 2000 to 2011.
153:
114:
2686:"RIAA Accounting: Why Even Major Label Musicians Rarely Make Money From Album Sales"
1257:
2243:
2199:
1974:
1965:
1938:
1929:
1019:
972:
945:
933:
449:
445:
2932:
2029:"UNLIMITED | CMU | Verizon backtrack on three-strike disconnect claim"
1231:
1121:. RIAA News Room. August 11, 2008. Archived from the original on August 18, 2008
905:
825:
477:
in Spanish. As of 2016, the certification criteria for these recordings are:
433:
371:
330:
39:
2851:
1651:"RIAA AND GR&F Certification Audit Requirements: RIAA Digital Single Award"
1163:
2826:"RIAA blitz takes down 18 GitHub projects used for downloading YouTube videos"
2473:
962:
829:
803:
681:
620:
2632:
1193:
817:
673:
In October 1998, RIAA filed a lawsuit in the Ninth U.S. Court of Appeals in
2743:
2054:
1305:
904:
of the Electronic Frontier Foundation has called these types of lawsuits
646:
457:
219:
The 26-member board of directors is composed of these record executives:
193:
1621:"Exclusive: On-Demand Streams Now Count Toward RIAA Gold & Platinum"
2859:
852:(EFF), this takedown request was a "throwback threat" analogous to the
469:
465:
461:
2898:
1374:
625:
Digital Theft Deterrence and Copyright Damages Improvement Act of 1999
2797:
2087:(Press release). American Civil Liberties Union. September 29, 2003.
813:
383:
691:
In 2003, RIAA sued college student developers of LAN search engines
541:
Multi-Platinum: 2,000,000 units (increments of 1,000,000 thereafter)
490:
Multi-Platinum: 2,000,000 units (increments of 1,000,000 thereafter)
2913:
2492:
1295:, What We Do, The Recording Industry Association of America® (RIAA)
1286:
1078:
1052:
1594:"RIAA Adds Digital Streams To Historic Gold & Platinum Awards"
853:
699:
692:
427:
3123:
870:
On February 4, 2022, Mitch Glazier swiftly took action against
448:) yet excluding other obviously digital media such as those on
287:
Terry Hemmings (Provident Music Group/Sony Music Entertainment)
2111:"Record Industry Cuts Corners in Crusade Against File-Sharers"
871:
777:
as unconstitutional, while RIAA had argued the opposite view.
230:
Michele Ballantyne (Recording Industry Association of America)
188:
to monitor and review relevant laws, regulations, and policies
2875:"Greatest Hit: RIAA Targets HitPiece Over NFT Infringements"
1858:
The True Cost of Sound Recording Piracy to the U.S. Economy
583:
Efforts against alleged infringement of members' copyrights
408:
Since 2000, the RIAA also operates a similar program for
1336:"2016 RIAA Shipment and Revenue Statistics | RIAA - RIAA"
558:
1,500 on-demand audio and/or video streams from the album
3112:
1934:""I poisoned P2P networks for the RIAA" – whistleblower"
504:
150 on-demand audio and/or video streams count as 1 unit
2372:, by Elizabeth Clampet, InternetNews.Com, June 16, 1999
2309:" Recording Industry vs. The People, February 13, 2007.
2244:"Record Companies to Accused Pirates: Deal or No Deal?"
794:, which successfully lobbied for repeal of the change.
518:
Disco de Multi-Platino (Multi-Platinum): 120,000 copies
3004:"Stanley Gortikov, Former President Of The RIAA, Dies"
2449:"Sharman Networks settles Kazaa file-sharing lawsuits"
2410:"The Heights – Record industry sues Flatlan operators"
2274:"Teen Transplant Candidate Sued Over Music Downloads"
704:
International Federation of the Phonographic Industry
548:
For certification purposes, each unit may be one of:
275:
Victor Gonzalez (Universal Music Latin Entertainment)
2969:"Goddard Lieberson Named Head of Record Association"
2514:"RIAA files copyright suit against Project Playlist"
2214:"RIAA Bullies College Students With P2PLawsuits.com"
1753:"Billboard.com Latest Video Longform Certifications"
1717:"RIAA AND GR&F Certification Audit Requirements"
196:
in the United States. RIAA also participates in the
2113:(Press release). Public Citizen. February 2, 2004.
125:
120:
105:
91:
80:
72:
54:
46:
2769:
1502:
1419:
724:unauthorized distribution of copyrighted materials
2793:"dmca/2020-10-23-RIAA.md at master · github/dmca"
2568:"Usenet.com loses MP3 copyright lawsuit vs. RIAA"
2003:"RIAA Stops Suing Individuals: Are We Home Free?"
1505:The Billboard Book of Gold & Platinum Records
1422:The Billboard Book of Gold & Platinum Records
1779:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1568:"RIAA Updates Latin Gold & Platinum Program"
1164:"RIAA phono equalization article by Don Hoglund"
1562:
1560:
1480:(2nd ed.). Thomson Schirmer. p. 308.
1386:
1384:
709:RIAA also filed suit in 2006 to enjoin digital
200:of sound recordings, and it is responsible for
2744:"Clinton Signs Repeal of "Works for Hire" Law"
2598:"RIAA Wins: LimeWire Shut Down By Court Order"
2276:. thepittsburghchannel.com. December 9, 2008.
1194:"RIAA Standards For Stereophonic Disc Records"
1030:Strategic lawsuit against public participation
3238:Trade associations based in the United States
3135:
3057:"Berman departs RIAA for IFPI role in London"
1224:"Recording Industry Assn of America: Summary"
1047:
1045:
501:A permanent digital download counts as 1 unit
8:
2031:. Newsblog.thecmuwebsite.com. Archived from
1796:"Microsoft Word - FileSharing_March2004.doc"
1761:. Archived from the original on May 19, 2008
1015:International Intellectual Property Alliance
185:to perform research about the music industry
76:Licensing and royalties, technical standards
32:
2958:. danablankenhorn.com. Accessed 08-25-2006.
2237:
2235:
1449:"Chart Watch Extra: Where "Thriller" Ranks"
930:Jay Berman, 1988–1998 (president and chair)
824:request from RIAA. This request listed the
308:Deirdre McDonald (Sony Music Entertainment)
293:Sheldra Khahaifa (Sony Music Entertainment)
227:(Recording Industry Association of America)
3142:
3128:
3120:
2483:, by Joseph Palenchar, TWICE, May 22, 2006
1119:"RIAA Celebrates 50 Years Of Gold Records"
840:. The request cited the United States law
515:Disco de Platino (Platinum): 60,000 copies
31:
3233:Recording Industry Association of America
2474:XM Faces The Music In RIAA Copyright Suit
1867:(2007) IPI Policy Report 188, 2007, 6–10.
1371:Recording Industry Association of America
552:sale of a digital album or physical album
290:Kevin Kelleher (Sony Music Entertainment)
138:Recording Industry Association of America
33:Recording Industry Association of America
3248:1952 establishments in the United States
3151:Music organizations in the United States
2541:"RIAA triumphs in Usenet copyright case"
1474:Campbell, Michael; Brody, James (2008).
1413:
1411:
1409:
594:Trade group efforts against file sharing
305:Gabriela Maartinez (Warner Music Latina)
296:Dennis Kooker (Sony Music Entertainment)
170:RIAA says its current mission includes:
2001:Slattery, Brennon (December 19, 2008).
1667:from the original on September 22, 2018
1600:from the original on September 24, 2015
1346:from the original on September 28, 2017
1041:
1010:Global music industry market share data
927:Stanley Gortikov, 1972–1987 (president)
804:Youtube-dl § RIAA takedown request
3088:from the original on February 13, 2014
2933:"How to Not Get Sued For File Sharing"
2750:from the original on November 12, 2009
2578:from the original on September 4, 2017
2455:from the original on November 17, 2013
2280:from the original on December 11, 2008
2065:from the original on February 13, 2007
2009:from the original on February 15, 2012
1772:
1733:from the original on February 22, 2018
1687:"RIAA Debuts Album Award with Streams"
1631:from the original on February 22, 2014
1238:from the original on November 16, 2017
1132:
1059:from the original on November 12, 2015
888:Criticism of anti-file sharing efforts
844:. Critics of this action say that the
798:GitHub and youtube-dl takedown request
299:Eric Chopra (Sony Music Entertainment)
284:Jeff Harleston (Universal Music Group)
2805:from the original on October 24, 2020
2639:from the original on November 2, 2010
2547:from the original on January 11, 2012
2390:from the original on January 20, 2013
1697:from the original on February 2, 2016
302:Annie Lee (Interscope Geffen A&M)
7:
2692:from the original on August 30, 2010
2629:"RIAA and LimeWire Both are Offline"
2627:Thomas Mennecke (October 29, 2010).
2539:Sandoval, Greg (December 17, 2011).
2158:"Grandmother piracy lawsuit dropped"
1204:from the original on October 4, 2006
908:and implied they are done merely to
781:The "work made for hire" controversy
205:gold and platinum albums and singles
2339:"Recording industry battles piracy"
1903:Bangeman, Eric (February 4, 2005).
1574:from the original on March 11, 2014
248:Eric Berman (Universal Music Group)
2981:from the original on July 23, 2018
2774:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
2604:. October 27, 2010. Archived from
2520:from the original on June 17, 2011
2220:from the original on July 16, 2011
2168:from the original on March 6, 2007
2091:from the original on April 6, 2007
1946:from the original on July 28, 2009
1808:from the original on June 13, 2008
1541:. January 25, 2000. Archived from
1316:from the original on March 7, 2011
1268:from the original on March 5, 2018
775:Copyright Remedy Clarification Act
771:Supreme Court of the United States
759:Copyright Remedy Clarification Act
512:Disco de Oro (Gold): 30,000 copies
311:Paul Robinson (Warner Music Group)
278:Camille Hackney (Atlantic Records)
25:
3243:Organizations established in 1952
2956:"Spamigation and How to Fight It"
2954:Blankenhorn, Dana (August 2008).
2873:Ford, Eamonn (February 4, 2022).
2742:Barry Willis (October 29, 2000).
2711:Eric Boehlert (August 28, 2000).
2666:from the original on June 2, 2008
2660:"Rule Reversal: Blame It on RIAA"
2512:Sandoval, Greg (April 28, 2008).
2493:RIAA sues Internet radio stations
2254:from the original on May 11, 2008
2248:The Chronicle of Higher Education
2147:, Ars Technica, February 4, 2005.
2117:from the original on May 18, 2007
1982:from the original on May 31, 2009
1447:Grein, Paul (November 30, 2012).
1426:. Billboard Books. p. viii.
1174:from the original on May 11, 2013
1005:Federal Communications Commission
954:, 2019–present (chairman and CEO)
866:Criticisms of Non-fungible tokens
769:, which was decided in 2020. The
555:10 track downloads from the album
3030:"Stanley M. Gortikov Dead At 85"
2566:Jennings, Richi (July 2, 2009).
2384:"RIAA sues campus file-swappers"
2362:Court OKs Diamond Rio MP3 Player
2320:RIAA targets university students
1828:A Heretical View of File Sharing
1000:Center for Copyright Information
979:
965:
239:Glen Barros (Exceleration Music)
38:
2451:. Ars Technica. July 27, 2006.
2059:"Mom Fights Recording Industry"
1258:"Board & Executives – RIAA"
414:Los Premios de Oro y De Platino
3055:Sandler, Adam (May 15, 1998).
2943:Electronic Frontier Foundation
2242:Read, Brock (March 16, 2007).
2188:RIAA sues computer-less family
1477:Rock and Roll: An Introduction
995:RIAA equalization (RIAA curve)
948:, 2011–2019 (chairman and CEO)
942:, 2003–2011 (chairman and CEO)
894:Electronic Frontier Foundation
850:Electronic Frontier Foundation
632:Electronic Frontier Foundation
578:Multi-Platinum: 200,000 copies
424:"Digital" single certification
27:Trade organization in the U.S.
1:
665:RIAA also launched an "early
336:Zena White (Partisan Records)
18:Recording Industry of America
916:Executive leadership of RIAA
792:Recording Artists' Coalition
588:Efforts against file sharing
563:Video longform certification
198:collective rights management
176:intellectual property rights
1570:. RIAA. December 20, 2013.
1509:. Billboard Books. p.
1367:"Gold and Platinum (Index)"
1084:September 24, 2015, at the
281:Rani Hancock (Sire Records)
211:Company structure and sales
60:; 72 years ago
3264:
2367:November 22, 2005, at the
2194:February 23, 2017, at the
1291:November 12, 2018, at the
1228:Lobbying Spending Database
1104:December 31, 2015, at the
885:
863:
801:
756:
607:" to combat file sharing.
591:
497:The units are defined as:
397:
327:(Sony Music Entertainment)
3157:
2899:"Stop the RIAA! petition"
2850:@xor (October 23, 2020).
2658:Wired (August 10, 2000).
2412:. Media.www.bcheights.com
1785:Retrieved on May 14, 2008
1619:Alex Pham (May 9, 2013).
1139:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
898:Students for Free Culture
808:On October 23, 2020, the
739:denial-of-service attacks
684:player violated the 1992
582:
544:Diamond: 10,000,000 units
538:Platinum: 1,000,000 units
493:Diamond: 10,000,000 units
487:Platinum: 1,000,000 units
37:
2938:August 29, 2008, at the
2502:, Out-Law.com, July 2001
2349:East Carolina University
2212:Meg Marco (March 2007).
1905:""I sue dead people...""
1863:October 4, 2012, at the
1834:January 3, 2008, at the
686:Audio Home Recording Act
575:Platinum: 100,000 copies
347:Sony Music Entertainment
150:music recording industry
2498:March 29, 2007, at the
2435:March 10, 2007, at the
2142:April 30, 2017, at the
1392:"History Of The Awards"
936:, 1998–2001 (president)
924:, 1964–1972 (president)
741:executed by members of
615:Selection of defendants
333:(Universal Music Group)
319:Tommy Boy Entertainment
245:(Universal Music Group)
236:(Universal Music Group)
2919:July 18, 2006, at the
2479:June 13, 2006, at the
2305:July 15, 2007, at the
2164:. September 25, 2003.
720:copyright infringement
508:Latin digital awards:
441:
270:Warner Music Nashville
207:in the United States.
3212:The Recording Academy
2904:July 6, 2008, at the
2341:by Elizabeth Lauten,
2325:June 7, 2007, at the
2057:(December 27, 2005).
1198:aardvarkmastering.com
860:NFT takedown requests
842:Title 17 U.S.C. §1201
763:RIAA filed briefs in
529:album-equivalent unit
431:
352:Universal Music Group
2977:. January 22, 1964.
2801:. October 23, 2020.
2602:www.kerryonworld.com
2198:, by Anders Bylund,
1932:(January 17, 2003).
1879:"RIAA sues the dead"
1838:, by John Schwartz,
1693:. February 1, 2016.
1501:White, Adam (1990).
1418:White, Adam (1990).
1312:. November 2, 2015.
987:United States portal
838:copyright violations
148:that represents the
3008:Celebrityaccess.com
2723:on January 23, 2009
2713:"Four Little Words"
2608:on October 29, 2010
2344:The East Carolinian
1883:www.theregister.com
836:of the project) as
788:works made for hire
654:Settlement programs
572:Gold: 50,000 copies
535:Gold: 500,000 units
523:Album certification
484:Gold: 500,000 units
394:Sales certification
34:
3082:"Cary Sherman Bio"
2974:The New York Times
2923:, FreeCulture.org.
2824:Cimpanu, Catalin.
1968:(March 18, 2003).
1856:Siwek, Stephen E.
1841:The New York Times
711:XM Satellite Radio
679:Diamond Multimedia
475:digital recordings
442:
432:US Representative
400:RIAA certification
357:Warner Music Group
260:Disney Music Group
146:trade organization
3220:
3219:
2688:. July 13, 2010.
2202:, April 24, 2006.
2137:I sue dead people
1877:Andrew Orlowski.
1377:on March 8, 2007.
1025:Parental Advisory
922:Goddard Lieberson
828:software project
743:Operation Payback
661:
182:rights of artists
165:RIAA equalization
134:
133:
16:(Redirected from
3255:
3144:
3137:
3130:
3121:
3116:
3115:
3113:Official website
3098:
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2732:
2730:
2728:
2719:. Archived from
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2351:), April 4, 2007
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1545:on July 15, 2011
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1404:
1403:
1402:on July 1, 2007.
1398:. Archived from
1388:
1379:
1378:
1373:. Archived from
1362:
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1168:graniteaudio.com
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989:
984:
983:
982:
975:
970:
969:
968:
846:software library
812:hosting service
659:
603:"decoying" and "
480:Digital awards:
253:Nonesuch Records
158:Washington, D.C.
130:
127:
85:Washington, D.C.
68:
66:
61:
42:
35:
21:
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3049:
3039:
3037:
3036:. June 28, 2004
3028:
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3013:
3011:
3010:. June 30, 2004
3002:
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2997:
2984:
2982:
2967:
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2940:Wayback Machine
2931:
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2921:Wayback Machine
2906:Wayback Machine
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2746:. Stereophile.
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2500:Wayback Machine
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2393:
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2382:Borland, John.
2381:
2380:
2376:
2369:Wayback Machine
2359:
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2329:" (Variety.com)
2327:Wayback Machine
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2307:Wayback Machine
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2255:
2250:. p. A31.
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2196:Wayback Machine
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2144:Wayback Machine
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2094:
2092:
2083:
2082:
2078:
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2066:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2038:
2036:
2035:on May 21, 2010
2027:
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2012:
2010:
2000:
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1983:
1964:
1963:
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1865:Wayback Machine
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810:code repository
806:
800:
783:
766:Allen v. Cooper
761:
755:
660:P2PLAWSUITS.COM
656:
617:
596:
590:
585:
565:
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438:Miranda Lambert
426:
402:
396:
339:
243:Michael L. Nash
234:Michele Anthony
213:
180:First Amendment
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3105:External links
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2858:) – via
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2784:
2778:106–379 (text)
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1520:978-0711921962
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1380:
1365:RIAA Website.
1357:
1327:
1306:"RIAA - About"
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1090:
1079:Privacy Policy
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886:Main article:
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864:Main article:
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802:Main article:
799:
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773:abrogated the
757:Main article:
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636:Public Citizen
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