415:
partners. When under attack, the red colobus males congregate to defend their group, while the females gather their infants and try to escape. Larger groups of red colobuses have an increased likelihood of attracting chimpanzees, but they also tend to have more defending males, making it harder for chimpanzees to hunt successfully. Furthermore, while under attack, male colobuses shout an alarm call to let others know if chimpanzees or other predators are in the area. The frequency of these shouts is increased with the number of females and infants in the group as a way to spread the news of an expected attack. At Gombe
National Park in Tanzania C.B. Stanford estimated that the Gombe chimps kill up to 100 colobus monkeys a year, which he believes to be close to a fifth of the colobus population within their territory. Another study confirms that chimpanzees are annually responsible for 6-12 percent of red colobus female and infant death in Ngogo, Kibale National Park, which has one of the largest populations of chimpanzees. It seems that chimpanzees tend to favor the red colobus as prey whenever the two are in the same territory, hunting in groups of up to 20 individual chimps. During these hunts in Tai, Gombe, Ngogo, and Mahale National Parks, ≥ 87 percent of the hunts made more than one kill. The highest amount of kills seen during this study was 13, most of which were infants.
360:
groups tend to have more females than males at a 2:1 ratio. The few male monkeys in the troop usually stay with their original group, but the females have a tendency to move together in small numbers, probably in close familial relationships, between troops. Red colobus monkeys have overlapping ranges with other troops. Interactions between troops can be either tense, though passive, or violent, with one troop trying to supplant the other. These fights are usually based on a number of factors including physical condition, fighting ability, and the number of males in the opposing troop. Females are also known to take part in these competitions for dominance, and often fight together. Mother-infant bonds among the red colobus are quite strong, as they are with most primates. The mothers are usually reluctant to allow other females from their troop to carry their babies. This may be because many of the females in a troop are not related as they move between groups quite frequently.
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1612:, but he subsequently agreed that additional species should be recognized. These species are generally agreed upon although different authors may use slightly different taxonomies. For example, the Integrated Taxonomic Information System, IUCN Red List, and Mammal Diversity Database list Temminck's red colobus as a subspecies of the Western red colobus,
414:
factor on some red colobus populations. Although chimpanzees primarily eat fruit, leaves, and insects, if the opportunity to eat meat arises, they will pursue it. In addition to sustenance, evidence suggests that chimpanzees prey on red colobus to reinforce social status, as well as to attract sexual
389:
some leaves may contain. This medicinal cure for the plants they eat appears to be passed on from mother to child. However, their stomachs are able to digest some toxic plants that other primates cannot. Red colobus monkeys are extraordinarily adapted to their entirely vegetarian and widely varied
359:
determined by aggressive behavior. Food, grooming, and sexual partners are distributed amongst higher-ranking individuals initially, followed by lower-ranking individuals. They live in large troops which can number up to 80 individuals, the average being somewhere around 20 to 40 monkeys. These
368:
that are near the potential red colobus troops that they wish to join, and living amongst them in order to spy on their potential new families. In one notable case, an adolescent male red colobus spent two years with a green monkey troop in order to spy in safety on a prospective troop in this
363:
Another remarkable behavior occurs when red colobus monkeys reach their restless and somewhat nomadic adolescence. This period is when the young monkeys leave their natal troops and look for another troop to join. This is not easy, as most troops are very suspicious and can get deadly when new
1924:
Foraging challenges of red colobus monkeys: influence of nutrients and secondary compounds
Original Research Article Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Volume 133, Issue 3, November 2002, Pages 861-875 Colin A. Chapman, Lauren J.
1792:
Mittermeier, R. A., Ratsimbazafy, J., Rylands, A. B., Williamson, L., Oates, J. F., Mbora, D., Ganzhorn, J. U., Rodríguez-Luna, E., Palacios, E., Heymann, E. W., Kierulff, M. C. M., Yongcheng, L., Supriatna, J., Roos, C., Walker, S., & Aguiar, J. M. (2007).
394:, which are larger and produce more specialized saliva to help facilitate the breakdown of leaves before they reach the digestive tract. The stomach of the red colobus is also sacculated into four chambers (similar to unrelated
2012:
Mbora, D. N. M., & Meikle, D. B. (2004). Forest fragmentation and the distribution, abundance and conservation of the tana river red colobus (Procolobus rufomitratus). Biological
Conservation, 118(1),
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Mbora, D. N. M., & Meikle, D. B. (2004). Forest fragmentation and the distribution, abundance and conservation of the tana river red colobus (procolobus rufomitratus). Biological
Conservation, 118(1),
2022:
Schel, A. M., Candiotti, A., & Zuberbühler, K. (2010). Predator-deterring alarm call sequences in guereza colobus monkeys are meaningful to conspecifics. Animal
Behaviour, 80(5), 799-808.
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398:) and larger than those of other monkeys of a comparative size. This allows for longer digestion, so that most of the nutrients can be gleaned from the relatively low nutrient food.
1825:
Linder, Joshua M.; Cronin, Drew T.; Ting, Nelson; Abwe, Ekwoge E.; Aghomo, Florence; Davenport, Tim R. B.; Detwiler, Kate M.; Galat, Gérard; Galat-Luong, Anh; Hart, John A.;
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Watts, D. P., & Mitani, J. C., (2002). Hunting behavior of chimpanzees at Ngogo, Kibale
National Park, Uganda. International Journal of Primatology, 23(1) 1-28
1986:
Stanford, C. B. (1995). The influence of chimpanzee predation on group size and anti-predator behaviour in red colobus monkeys. Animal
Behaviour, 49(3), 577-587.
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McGraw, S.; Minhós, T.; Bersacola, E.; Ferreira da Silva, M. J.; Galat, G.; Galat-Luong, A.; Gonedelé Bi, S.; Mayhew, M.; Oates, J. F.; Starin, E. D. (2020).
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Chimpanzee and Red
Colobus: The Ecology of Predator and Prey: By Craig B. Stanford, Harvard University Press, 1999, 296 pp;
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The diet of red colobus monkeys consists mainly of young leaves, flowers, and unripe fruit. They are also known to eat
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1831:"To conserve African tropical forests, invest in the protection of its most endangered group of monkeys, red colobus"
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Zinner, D.; Fickenscher, G.H.; Roos, C. (2013). Mittermeier, Russell A.; Rylands, Anthony B.; Wilson, Don E. (eds.).
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regarded it as a full species. In addition to the recognized species, there is also a hybrid zone in the eastern
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The members of this genus are found in western, central and eastern Africa, and the species have largely
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for the health of Africa's tropical forests, leading researchers to urge that they be conserved as
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Detwiler, K. M.; Hart, J. A.; Maisels, F.; Thompson, J.; Reinartz, G.; Struhsaker, T. T. (2020) .
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1963:
1293:
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Linder, J.; Morgan, B. J.; Abwe, E. E.; Jost
Robinson, C. A.; Imong, I.; Oates, J. F. (2019).
1996:
1967:
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411:
407:
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monkeys try to join. The red colobus monkeys have adapted their behavior by joining troops of
340:
268:
7702:
5131:
5045:
4813:
4779:
4744:
4716:
4688:
2375:
Hart, J.; Maisels, F.; Oates, J. F.; Laudisoit, A.; Hicks, T. C.; Struhsaker, T. T. (2020) .
282:
distributions. They are primarily arboreal and most are restricted to humid forests, but the
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2967:(2016). "Species concepts and conservation". In Wich, Serge A.; Marshall, Andrew J. (eds.).
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229:
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2003:
Physiology & Behavior, Volume 76, Issue 1, 1 May 2002, Pages 171-172 David P. Barash
1846:
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6983:
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6869:
6859:
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6121:
5848:
5825:
5283:
4039:
3949:
3913:
3836:
3665:
3631:
3616:
3301:
3283:
2997:"Conservation consequences of unstable taxonomies: The case of the red colobus monkeys"
2632:
1956:
1829:; Kivai, Stanislaus M.; Koné, Inza; Konstant, William; Kujirakwinja, Deo (2024-04-30).
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prefers coastal thickets and scrub. Red colobuses are highly sensitive to hunting and
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Rovero, F.; Barelli, C; Butynski, T. M.; Marshall, A. J.; Struhsaker, T. T. (2019).
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189:
7598:
1892:. Cambridge: The Syndicate Press of the University of Cambridge. pp. 107–118.
17:
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East of the
Mountains of the Moon: Chimpanzee Society in the African Rain Forest,
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260:
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279:
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243:
123:
1864:
1669:(3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 169–170.
1569:: 41–70 cm (16–28 in) long, plus 42–80 cm (17–31 in) tail
1497:: 45–67 cm (18–26 in) long, plus 52–80 cm (20–31 in) tail
1396:: 41–70 cm (16–28 in) long, plus 42–80 cm (17–31 in) tail
1324:: 41–70 cm (16–28 in) long, plus 42–80 cm (17–31 in) tail
1253:: 41–70 cm (16–28 in) long, plus 42–80 cm (17–31 in) tail
1185:: 45–67 cm (18–26 in) long, plus 52–80 cm (20–31 in) tail
1117:: 41–70 cm (16–28 in) long, plus 42–80 cm (17–31 in) tail
1049:: 41–70 cm (16–28 in) long, plus 42–80 cm (17–31 in) tail
978:: 53–63 cm (21–25 in) long, plus 60–70 cm (24–28 in) tail
906:: 41–70 cm (16–28 in) long, plus 42–80 cm (17–31 in) tail
838:: 41–70 cm (16–28 in) long, plus 42–80 cm (17–31 in) tail
772:: 47–63 cm (19–25 in) long, plus 52–75 cm (20–30 in) tail
704:: 41–70 cm (16–28 in) long, plus 42–80 cm (17–31 in) tail
632:: 41–70 cm (16–28 in) long, plus 42–80 cm (17–31 in) tail
564:: 41–70 cm (16–28 in) long, plus 42–80 cm (17–31 in) tail
496:: 41–70 cm (16–28 in) long, plus 42–80 cm (17–31 in) tail
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73:
41:
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113:
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1795:
Primates in Peril: The World's 25 Most Endangered Primates, 2006–2008.
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103:
83:
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Stanford, C., (1995). To catch a colobus. Natural History, 104(1) 48
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Hart, J.; Laudisoit, A.; Struhsaker, T. T.; Oates, J. F. (2020) .
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239:
1666:
Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
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in Africa. If following the taxonomic treatment advocated in
339:. Due to this sensitivity, it has been argued that they are
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3002:. Molecular Anthropology Group at the University of Oregon
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1890:
Colobine monkeys: their ecology, behavior, and evolution
1746:
Handbook of the Mammals of the World: Volume 3, Primates
2229:
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259:), and some species are often found in groups with the
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2454:
2291:
Oates, J. F.; Koné, I.; McGraw, S.; Osei, D. (2020) .
2412:
2410:
2145:
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7452:
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7413:
7403:
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7326:
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5061:
5051:
5041:
5030:
4932:
4915:
4905:
4865:
4854:
4844:
4344:
1700:"The taxonomic diversity of the Colobinae of Africa"
7527:
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7257:
7246:
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6806:
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10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T161247840A161259430.en
2631:Butynski, T. M.; de Jong, Y. A.; King, J. (2020) .
1962:. Seattle: University of Washington Press. p.
238:. It was formerly considered a subgenus within the
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2074:
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1955:
1903:Starin, E.D. (1993). "The kindness of strangers".
2570:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T92657343A92657454.en
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2054:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2046:
1920:
1918:
290:, and have been referred to as probably the most
2656:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T136939A166599765.en
1608:did not recognize all these species in the 2005
990:: Leaves and shoots, as well as seeds and fruit
2909:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T39992A168568335.en
2784:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T18256A171760021.en
2700:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T18257A166598109.en
2400:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T18255A166598553.en
2316:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T18248A166620835.en
2259:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T40648A166604269.en
2217:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T18261A166605018.en
2133:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T18250A210339606.en
1581:: Leaves, fruit, and seeds, as well as flowers
1265:: Leaves, fruit, and seeds, as well as flowers
1197:: Leaves, fruit, and seeds, as well as flowers
3084:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T18247A92648587.en
2742:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T40015A92629595.en
2528:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T41026A92633245.en
2486:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T41025A92653653.en
2358:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T41024A92656391.en
2333:Ikemeh, R.; Oates, J. F.; Inaoyom, I. (2019).
2175:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T18252A92659769.en
1624:where hybrids of several local species exist.
4271:
3179:
8:
7749:Taxa named by Alphonse Trémeau de Rochebrune
3019:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1595:
1523:
1422:
1350:
1279:
1211:
1143:
1075:
1004:
932:
864:
798:
730:
658:
590:
522:
2971:. Oxford University Press. pp. 45–47.
2275:
2092:
7515:
7365:
7254:
7101:
7097:
6818:
6814:
6803:
6790:
6741:
6522:
6259:
6085:
5978:
5974:
5963:
5950:
5901:
5346:
5230:
5023:
5019:
5008:
4995:
4837:
4828:
4355:
4339:
4326:
4278:
4264:
4256:
4069:
3531:
3252:
3186:
3172:
3164:
3142:The Kingdon Field Guide to African Mammals
1739:
1737:
1509:: Leaves, seeds, unripe fruit, and shoots
784:: Fruit, seeds, leaves, buds, and flowers
40:
31:
3082:
2907:
2824:
2782:
2740:
2698:
2654:
2568:
2526:
2484:
2398:
2356:
2314:
2257:
2215:
2173:
2131:
1854:
1812:2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
2990:
2988:
2150:Hart, J.; Ting, N.; Maisels, F. (2020).
1935:Bruemmer, F (2010). "A charcoal a day".
1191:: Forest, shrubland, and inland wetlands
422:
2995:Oates, John & Ting, Nelson (2015).
2969:An Introduction to Primate Conservation
1633:
1463:
3012:
2234:Hart, J. A.; Detwiler, K. M. (2020) .
1643:
1641:
1639:
1637:
2759:Struhsaker, T. T.; Ting, N. (2020) .
456:IUCN status and estimated population
7:
2945:from the original on August 12, 2023
2862:from the original on August 12, 2023
2609:from the original on August 12, 2023
1797:Primate Conservation 2007 (22): 1-40
1618:The Handbook of Mammals of the World
4151:Black-and-white snub-nosed monkey (
3070:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
3063:Piliocolobus badius ssp. temminckii
2895:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2812:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2770:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2728:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2686:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2642:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2556:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2514:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2472:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2386:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2344:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2302:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2245:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2203:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2161:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2119:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2108:Maisels, F.; Devreese, L. (2022) .
1707:Journal of Anthropological Sciences
3116:. American Society of Mammalogists
2439:from the original on July 24, 2023
251:. They are closely related to the
25:
247:, which is now restricted to the
7498:
6776:
5936:
4980:
1815:Downloaded on 12 September 2011.
1727:Faune de Senegambie (Supplement)
1594:
1559:
1536:
1522:
1487:
1435:
1421:
1386:
1363:
1349:
1314:
1292:
1278:
1243:
1210:
1156:
1142:
1107:
1074:
1039:
1017:
1003:
968:
945:
931:
896:
863:
797:
762:
729:
694:
657:
622:
589:
554:
521:
486:
60:
3887:Black-crested Sumatran langur (
447:Scientific name and subspecies
323:red colobus monkeys (which are
3037:Piliocolobus badius temminckii
2545:Maisels, F.; Ting, N. (2020).
1772:The Free Press, 1988, pg. 238.
1614:Piliocolobus badius temminckii
552:Congo (in black, bottom right)
1:
3941:East Sumatran banded langur (
3581:Northern plains gray langur (
1782:Ebola Cote d'Ivoire Outbreaks
1105:Congo (in dark blue on right)
3352:Miss Waldron's red colobus (
1958:Introduction to the primates
1622:Democratic Republic of Congo
267:is frequently hunted by the
198:Simia (Cercopithecus) badius
4178:Myanmar snub-nosed monkey (
2840:Vasselin, Kathleen (2011).
1610:Mammal Species of the World
1408:: Fruit, seeds, and leaves
1336:: Fruit, seeds, and leaves
1129:: Fruit, seeds, and leaves
1061:: Fruit, seeds, and leaves
918:: Fruit, seeds, and leaves
850:: Fruit, seeds, and leaves
716:: Fruit, seeds, and leaves
644:: Fruit, seeds, and leaves
576:: Fruit, seeds, and leaves
508:: Fruit, seeds, and leaves
304:Mammal Species of the World
7765:
4169:Tonkin snub-nosed monkey (
4142:Golden snub-nosed monkey (
3932:Robinson's banded langur (
3855:Indochinese black langur (
3702:Selangor silvered langur (
3590:Black-footed gray langur (
3487:Ulindi River red colobus (
3140:Kingdon, Jonathan (2015).
2819:: e.T161247840A161259430.
1748:. Lynx. pp. 705–712.
1724:de Rochebrune, A. (1887).
740:Miss Waldron's red colobus
27:Genus of Old World monkeys
7495:
7368:
7104:
7100:
6821:
6817:
6802:
6789:
6774:
6740:
6262:
6088:
5981:
5977:
5962:
5949:
5934:
5900:
5349:
5233:
5026:
5022:
5007:
4994:
4977:
4840:
4827:
4358:
4338:
4325:
4293:
4242:
3729:Indochinese grey langur (
3433:Niger Delta red colobus (
3210:
3194:Extant species of family
3114:Mammal Diversity Database
2763:Piliocolobus tephrosceles
2635:Piliocolobus rufomitratus
2591:Piliocolobus rufomitratus
2549:Piliocolobus semlikiensis
1531:
1430:
1358:
1287:
1219:
1151:
1083:
1012:
940:
872:
806:
738:
666:
598:
530:
460:
455:
452:
449:
446:
443:
410:predation may be a major
355:Groups often establish a
307:, all species except the
216:
211:
195:
188:
57:Scientific classification
55:
48:
39:
34:
4160:Gray snub-nosed monkey (
3923:Raffles' banded langur (
3896:Black-and-white langur (
3469:Oustalet's red colobus (
3424:Tana River red colobus (
3265:(Black and white colobi)
2923:Smit, Josephine (2012).
2563:: e.T92657343A92657454.
2238:Piliocolobus parmentieri
1663:; Reeder, D. M. (eds.).
406:Research indicates that
390:diet. They have special
4013:Sabah grizzled langur (
3905:Black Sumatran langur (
3442:Bouvier's red colobus (
3379:Thollon's red colobus (
2884:Davenport, T. (2020) .
2721:Piliocolobus gordonorum
2649:: e.T136939A166599765.
808:Niger Delta red colobus
253:black-and-white colobus
4049:Natuna Island surili (
3968:White-fronted surili (
3959:White-thighed surili (
3738:Phayre's leaf monkey (
3415:Zanzibar red colobus (
3406:Udzungwa red colobus (
3370:Preuss's red colobus (
2939:University of Michigan
2902:: e.T39992A168568335.
2856:University of Michigan
2777:: e.T18256A171760021.
2693:: e.T18257A166598109.
2603:University of Michigan
2587:Jones, Jeremy (2002).
2465:Piliocolobus pennantii
2461:Cronin, D. T. (2019).
2433:University of Michigan
2421:Piliocolobus pennantii
2417:Gilbert, Kasi (2011).
2393:: e.T18255A166598553.
2379:Piliocolobus oustaleti
2309:: e.T18248A166620835.
2252:: e.T40648A166604269.
2210:: e.T18261A166605018.
2126:: e.T18250A210339606.
1698:Groves, Colin (2007).
1575:: Forest and shrubland
1476:Temminck's red colobus
1153:Tana River red colobus
874:Oustalet's red colobus
327:) are assessed by the
7711:Paleobiology Database
3828:White-headed langur (
3783:Gee's golden langur (
3774:Shortridge's langur (
3608:Purple-faced langur (
3563:Kashmir gray langur (
3451:Semliki red colobus (
3397:Ugandan red colobus (
3343:Western red colobus (
3146:Bloomsbury Publishing
3077:: e.T18247A92648587.
2735:: e.T40015A92629595.
2679:Piliocolobus tholloni
2521:: e.T41026A92633245.
2479:: e.T41025A92653653.
2351:: e.T41024A92656391.
2295:Piliocolobus waldroni
2168:: e.T18252A92659769.
2112:Piliocolobus bouvieri
1954:Swindler, D. (1998).
1221:Thollon's red colobus
462:Bouvier's red colobus
337:critically endangered
4132:(Snub-nosed monkeys)
4101:Black-shanked douc (
4022:Maroon leaf monkey (
3599:Tufted gray langur (
3478:Lomami red colobus (
3460:Lang's red colobus (
2934:Animal Diversity Web
2851:Animal Diversity Web
2598:Animal Diversity Web
2507:Piliocolobus preussi
2428:Animal Diversity Web
1835:Conservation Letters
1768:Ghiglieri, Michael.
1533:Zanzibar red colobus
1503:: Forest and savanna
1402:: Forest and savanna
1289:Udzungwa red colobus
1014:Preuss's red colobus
402:Chimpanzee predation
284:Zanzibar red colobus
50:Zanzibar red colobus
6659:Paradolichopithecus
4226:Pig-tailed langur (
4110:Gray-shanked douc (
3846:Delacour's langur (
3720:Dusky leaf monkey (
3693:Tenasserim lutung (
3657:West Javan langur (
3648:East Javan langur (
3572:Tarai gray langur (
3554:Nepal gray langur (
3388:Foa's red colobus (
3361:Pennant's colobus (
3198:(Old World monkeys)
3144:(Second ed.).
3108:Piliocolobus badius
3059:Minhós, T. (2020).
2927:Piliocolobus kirkii
2888:Piliocolobus kirkii
2844:Piliocolobus badius
2805:Piliocolobus badius
2337:Piliocolobus epieni
1847:2024ConL...17E3014L
1432:Western red colobus
1360:Ugandan red colobus
1312:Southeastern Africa
1085:Semliki red colobus
484:(in purple on left)
440:
385:to help combat the
357:dominance hierarchy
288:habitat destruction
265:western red colobus
7744:Primates of Africa
6285:Victoriapithecidae
6227:Plesiopliopithecus
6165:Platodontopithecus
4202:Proboscis monkey (
4092:Red-shanked douc (
3801:François' langur (
3675:Germain's langur (
2196:Piliocolobus langi
1856:10.1111/conl.13014
1468:(Bay red colobus)
668:Lomami red colobus
600:Lang's red colobus
439:– sixteen species
423:
18:Red colobus monkey
7726:
7725:
7698:Open Tree of Life
7521:Taxon identifiers
7512:
7511:
7508:
7507:
7493:
7492:
7489:
7488:
7485:
7484:
7481:
7480:
7477:
7476:
7242:
7241:
7085:
7084:
6785:
6784:
6772:
6771:
6768:
6767:
6764:
6763:
6736:
6735:
6732:
6731:
6247:
6246:
6243:
6242:
6149:Dionysopithecidae
6051:Propliopithecidae
5945:
5944:
5932:
5931:
5928:
5927:
5924:
5923:
5896:
5895:
5334:
5333:
5330:
5329:
4990:
4989:
4975:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4947:
4946:
4823:
4822:
4253:
4252:
4238:
4237:
4135:
4085:
4061:
4060:
4031:Mentawai langur (
4004:Miller's langur (
3986:Thomas's langur (
3880:
3684:Annamese langur (
3547:
3523:
3522:
3336:
3311:Mantled guereza (
3268:
3199:
3155:978-1-4729-2531-2
2154:Piliocolobus foai
1888:Oates, J (1994).
1827:Ikemeh, Rachel A.
1603:
1602:
1554:
1453:
1381:
1309:
1241:Congo (in orange)
1238:
1174:
1102:
1034:
963:
942:Pennant's colobus
891:
829:
757:
689:
617:
549:
532:Foa's red colobus
478:
453:Size and ecology
438:
341:indicator species
269:common chimpanzee
230:Old World monkeys
223:
222:
184:
16:(Redirected from
7756:
7719:
7718:
7706:
7705:
7693:
7692:
7680:
7679:
7667:
7666:
7654:
7653:
7641:
7640:
7628:
7627:
7615:
7614:
7602:
7601:
7589:
7588:
7576:
7575:
7563:
7562:
7561:
7548:
7547:
7546:
7516:
7503:
7502:
7465:
7454:
7443:
7433:
7415:
7408:Australopithecus
7405:
7394:
7366:
7346:
7328:
7260:
7255:
7230:
7213:
7203:
7193:
7183:
7173:
7163:
7140:
7130:
7120:
7110:
7102:
7098:
7073:
7049:
7025:
6945:Dendropithecidae
6943:
6928:
6918:
6908:
6898:
6888:
6878:
6867:
6857:
6847:
6837:
6827:
6819:
6815:
6804:
6791:
6780:
6742:
6713:
6696:
6686:
6676:
6666:
6656:
6618:
6608:
6578:
6523:
6483:
6466:
6428:
6418:
6401:
6391:
6381:
6371:
6361:
6347:Cercopithecoides
6344:
6317:Victoriapithecus
6283:
6268:
6260:
6254:Cercopithecoidea
6108:
6086:
6079:
6049:
6012:
5997:
5987:
5979:
5975:
5964:
5951:
5940:
5902:
5877:
5798:
5788:
5778:
5768:
5751:
5728:
5718:
5708:
5698:
5681:
5664:
5654:
5644:
5600:
5590:
5580:
5556:
5546:
5536:
5526:
5516:
5492:
5482:
5458:
5435:
5405:
5395:
5385:
5375:
5365:
5355:
5347:
5257:Proteopithecidae
5231:
5224:
5158:
5121:
5090:
5074:
5063:
5053:
5043:
5032:
5024:
5020:
5009:
4996:
4985:
4984:
4934:
4917:
4907:
4867:
4856:
4846:
4838:
4829:
4356:
4346:
4340:
4327:
4280:
4273:
4266:
4257:
4134:
4133:
4129:
4084:
4083:
4079:
4070:
4040:Siberut langur (
3950:Sarawak surili (
3914:Mitered langur (
3879:
3878:
3874:
3837:Laotian langur (
3830:T. leucocephalus
3821:T. poliocephalus
3704:T. selangorensis
3666:Silvery lutung (
3617:Nilgiri langur (
3546:
3545:
3541:
3532:
3335:
3334:
3330:
3302:Ursine colobus (
3284:Angola colobus (
3267:
3266:
3262:
3253:
3197:
3196:Cercopithecidae
3188:
3181:
3174:
3165:
3159:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3121:
3102:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3091:
3086:
3056:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3046:
3031:
3025:
3024:
3018:
3010:
3008:
3007:
3001:
2992:
2983:
2982:
2961:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2950:
2920:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2881:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2837:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2798:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2756:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2714:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2672:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2628:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2584:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2542:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2500:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2458:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2414:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2372:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2330:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2288:
2279:
2273:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2231:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2189:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2147:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2105:
2096:
2090:
2041:
2038:
2032:
2029:
2023:
2020:
2014:
2010:
2004:
1993:
1987:
1984:
1978:
1977:
1961:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1932:
1926:
1922:
1913:
1912:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1885:
1879:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1858:
1822:
1816:
1804:
1798:
1790:
1784:
1779:
1773:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1741:
1732:
1731:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1704:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1645:
1598:
1597:
1588:
1563:
1548:
1540:
1526:
1525:
1516:
1491:
1472:P. b. temminckii
1460:Three subspecies
1447:
1439:
1425:
1424:
1415:
1390:
1375:
1367:
1353:
1352:
1343:
1318:
1304:
1296:
1282:
1281:
1272:
1247:
1235:A. Milne-Edwards
1232:
1214:
1213:
1204:
1168:
1160:
1146:
1145:
1136:
1111:
1096:
1078:
1077:
1068:
1043:
1029:
1021:
1007:
1006:
997:
972:
957:
949:
935:
934:
925:
900:
894:Congo (in green)
885:
867:
866:
857:
819:
801:
800:
791:
766:
751:
733:
732:
723:
698:
679:
661:
660:
651:
626:
611:
593:
592:
583:
558:
543:
525:
524:
515:
490:
473:
441:
433:
345:umbrella species
179:
65:
64:
44:
32:
21:
7764:
7763:
7759:
7758:
7757:
7755:
7754:
7753:
7729:
7728:
7727:
7722:
7714:
7709:
7701:
7696:
7688:
7683:
7675:
7670:
7662:
7657:
7649:
7644:
7636:
7631:
7623:
7618:
7610:
7605:
7597:
7592:
7584:
7579:
7571:
7566:
7557:
7556:
7551:
7542:
7541:
7536:
7523:
7513:
7504:
7497:
7473:
7379:
7355:
7331:Chororapithecus
7313:
7300:Pierolapithecus
7292:Hispanopithecus
7251:
7238:
7176:Gigantopithecus
7148:
7094:
7081:
7076:Yuanmoupithecus
7010:
7005:Turkanapithecus
6936:
6931:Samburupithecus
6901:Nacholapithecus
6811:
6798:
6781:
6760:
6728:
6699:Procynocephalus
6586:
6518:Cercopithecinae
6512:
6364:Dolichopithecus
6329:
6301:Nsungwepithecus
6276:
6256:
6239:
6192:Barberapithecus
6170:
6158:Dionysopithecus
6143:
6131:Epipliopithecus
6116:
6094:Krishnapithecus
6081:Pliopithecoidea
6072:
6067:Propliopithecus
6060:Aegyptopithecus
6042:
6014:Oligopithecidae
6005:
5971:
5958:
5941:
5920:
5892:
5820:
5736:
5608:
5583:Proteropithecia
5443:
5413:
5343:
5326:
5321:Ucayalipithecus
5278:
5251:
5226:Parapithecoidea
5217:
5198:Myanmarpithecus
5160:Amphipithecidae
5151:
5146:Phenacopithecus
5114:
5083:
5016:
5003:
4986:
4979:
4967:
4943:
4878:
4819:
4785:
4595:
4475:Anaptomorphinae
4468:
4392:
4352:
4334:
4321:
4289:
4284:
4254:
4249:
4234:
4210:
4186:
4131:
4130:
4128:
4118:
4081:
4080:
4078:
4066:Odd-nosed group
4057:
3995:Hose's langur (
3876:
3875:
3873:
3863:
3819:Cat Ba langur (
3810:Hatinh langur (
3765:Capped langur (
3625:
3543:
3542:
3540:
3519:
3511:Olive colobus (
3495:
3453:P. semlikiensis
3426:P. rufomitratus
3399:P. tephrosceles
3332:
3331:
3329:
3319:
3275:Black colobus (
3264:
3263:
3261:
3244:
3206:
3192:
3162:
3156:
3139:
3135:
3130:
3129:
3119:
3117:
3104:
3103:
3099:
3089:
3087:
3058:
3057:
3053:
3044:
3042:
3033:
3032:
3028:
3011:
3005:
3003:
2999:
2994:
2993:
2986:
2979:
2963:
2962:
2958:
2948:
2946:
2922:
2921:
2917:
2883:
2882:
2875:
2865:
2863:
2839:
2838:
2834:
2800:
2799:
2792:
2758:
2757:
2750:
2716:
2715:
2708:
2674:
2673:
2664:
2630:
2629:
2622:
2612:
2610:
2586:
2585:
2578:
2544:
2543:
2536:
2502:
2501:
2494:
2460:
2459:
2452:
2442:
2440:
2416:
2415:
2408:
2374:
2373:
2366:
2332:
2331:
2324:
2290:
2289:
2282:
2274:
2267:
2233:
2232:
2225:
2191:
2190:
2183:
2149:
2148:
2141:
2107:
2106:
2099:
2091:
2044:
2039:
2035:
2030:
2026:
2021:
2017:
2011:
2007:
1994:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1974:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1937:Natural History
1934:
1933:
1929:
1923:
1916:
1905:Natural History
1902:
1901:
1897:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1876:
1872:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1805:
1801:
1791:
1787:
1780:
1776:
1767:
1763:
1756:
1743:
1742:
1735:
1723:
1722:
1718:
1702:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1677:
1647:
1646:
1635:
1630:
1592:
1586:
1577:
1576:
1571:
1570:
1558:
1547:
1520:
1514:
1505:
1504:
1499:
1498:
1486:
1482:
1481:
1462:
1461:
1455:
1454:
1446:
1419:
1413:
1404:
1403:
1398:
1397:
1385:
1374:
1372:P. tephrosceles
1347:
1341:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1325:
1313:
1303:
1276:
1270:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1254:
1242:
1231:
1224:
1208:
1202:
1193:
1192:
1187:
1186:
1167:
1165:P. rufomitratus
1140:
1134:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1118:
1106:
1095:
1093:P. semlikiensis
1088:
1072:
1066:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1050:
1038:
1028:
1001:
995:
986:
985:
980:
979:
967:
956:
929:
923:
914:
913:
908:
907:
895:
884:
877:
861:
855:
846:
845:
840:
839:
832:Western Africa
818:
811:
795:
789:
780:
779:
774:
773:
761:
750:
743:
727:
721:
712:
711:
706:
705:
693:
678:
671:
655:
649:
640:
639:
634:
633:
621:
610:
603:
587:
581:
572:
571:
566:
565:
553:
542:
535:
519:
513:
504:
503:
498:
497:
485:
472:
465:
421:
404:
392:salivary glands
375:
353:
351:Social behavior
255:monkeys (genus
207:
201:
178:
144:Cercopithecidae
59:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7762:
7760:
7752:
7751:
7746:
7741:
7731:
7730:
7724:
7723:
7721:
7720:
7707:
7694:
7681:
7668:
7655:
7642:
7629:
7616:
7603:
7590:
7577:
7564:
7549:
7533:
7531:
7525:
7524:
7519:
7510:
7509:
7506:
7505:
7496:
7494:
7491:
7490:
7487:
7486:
7483:
7482:
7479:
7478:
7475:
7474:
7472:
7471:
7461:
7457:Sahelanthropus
7450:
7439:
7429:
7422:
7418:Graecopithecus
7411:
7401:
7389:
7387:
7381:
7380:
7378:
7377:
7369:
7363:
7357:
7356:
7354:
7353:
7349:Nakalipithecus
7342:
7335:
7323:
7321:
7315:
7314:
7312:
7311:
7304:
7296:
7288:
7281:
7274:
7266:
7264:
7252:
7247:
7244:
7243:
7240:
7239:
7237:
7236:
7226:
7219:
7209:
7206:Lufengpithecus
7199:
7196:Khoratpithecus
7189:
7179:
7169:
7166:Ankarapithecus
7158:
7156:
7150:
7149:
7147:
7146:
7143:Ouranopithecus
7136:
7133:Nakalipithecus
7126:
7123:Graecopithecus
7116:
7105:
7095:
7090:
7087:
7086:
7083:
7082:
7080:
7079:
7069:
7062:
7055:
7045:
7038:
7031:
7020:
7018:
7012:
7011:
7009:
7008:
7001:
6994:
6987:
6984:Rangwapithecus
6980:
6972:
6969:Nyanzapithecus
6965:
6957:
6954:Dendropithecus
6949:
6947:
6938:
6937:
6935:
6934:
6924:
6914:
6904:
6894:
6891:Morotopithecus
6884:
6874:
6870:Kamoyapithecus
6863:
6860:Griphopithecus
6853:
6843:
6833:
6822:
6812:
6807:
6800:
6799:
6794:
6787:
6786:
6783:
6782:
6775:
6773:
6770:
6769:
6766:
6765:
6762:
6761:
6759:
6758:
6757:
6756:
6750:
6748:
6738:
6737:
6734:
6733:
6730:
6729:
6727:
6726:
6719:
6716:Soromandrillus
6709:
6702:
6692:
6682:
6672:
6662:
6652:
6645:
6638:
6631:
6624:
6614:
6604:
6596:
6594:
6588:
6587:
6585:
6584:
6574:
6567:
6560:
6553:
6546:
6539:
6536:Allenopithecus
6531:
6529:
6527:Cercopithecini
6520:
6514:
6513:
6511:
6510:
6507:Trachypithecus
6503:
6496:
6489:
6479:
6472:
6462:
6455:
6448:
6441:
6434:
6424:
6414:
6407:
6397:
6387:
6377:
6367:
6357:
6350:
6339:
6337:
6331:
6330:
6328:
6327:
6324:Zaltanpithecus
6320:
6313:
6305:
6297:
6289:
6287:
6278:
6277:
6275:
6274:
6263:
6257:
6252:
6249:
6248:
6245:
6244:
6241:
6240:
6238:
6237:
6230:
6223:
6216:
6209:
6202:
6195:
6188:
6180:
6178:
6172:
6171:
6169:
6168:
6161:
6153:
6151:
6145:
6144:
6142:
6141:
6134:
6126:
6124:
6122:Pliopithecidae
6118:
6117:
6115:
6114:
6104:
6097:
6089:
6083:
6074:
6073:
6071:
6070:
6063:
6055:
6053:
6044:
6043:
6041:
6040:
6033:
6026:
6018:
6016:
6007:
6006:
6004:
6003:
5993:
5982:
5972:
5967:
5960:
5959:
5954:
5947:
5946:
5943:
5942:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5929:
5926:
5925:
5922:
5921:
5919:
5918:
5917:
5916:
5910:
5908:
5898:
5897:
5894:
5893:
5891:
5890:
5883:
5873:
5866:
5863:Leontopithecus
5859:
5852:
5845:
5838:
5830:
5828:
5826:Callitrichidae
5822:
5821:
5819:
5818:
5811:
5804:
5794:
5784:
5774:
5764:
5757:
5746:
5744:
5738:
5737:
5735:
5734:
5724:
5714:
5704:
5694:
5687:
5677:
5670:
5660:
5650:
5640:
5633:
5626:
5618:
5616:
5610:
5609:
5607:
5606:
5596:
5586:
5576:
5569:
5562:
5552:
5542:
5532:
5522:
5512:
5505:
5498:
5488:
5478:
5471:
5464:
5453:
5451:
5445:
5444:
5442:
5441:
5431:
5423:
5421:
5415:
5414:
5412:
5411:
5401:
5391:
5381:
5371:
5361:
5350:
5344:
5339:
5336:
5335:
5332:
5331:
5328:
5327:
5325:
5324:
5317:
5310:
5303:
5296:
5288:
5286:
5284:Parapithecidae
5280:
5279:
5277:
5276:
5269:
5266:Proteopithecus
5261:
5259:
5253:
5252:
5250:
5249:
5242:
5234:
5228:
5219:
5218:
5216:
5215:
5208:
5201:
5194:
5187:
5180:
5172:
5164:
5162:
5153:
5152:
5150:
5149:
5142:
5135:
5127:
5125:
5116:
5115:
5113:
5112:
5105:
5097:
5095:
5085:
5084:
5082:
5081:
5070:
5059:
5049:
5039:
5027:
5017:
5012:
5005:
5004:
4999:
4992:
4991:
4988:
4987:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4972:
4969:
4968:
4966:
4965:
4964:
4963:
4957:
4955:
4949:
4948:
4945:
4944:
4942:
4941:
4930:
4923:
4913:
4910:Hesperotarsius
4903:
4896:
4888:
4886:
4880:
4879:
4877:
4876:
4863:
4852:
4841:
4835:
4825:
4824:
4821:
4820:
4818:
4817:
4810:
4803:
4795:
4793:
4787:
4786:
4784:
4783:
4776:
4769:
4762:
4755:
4748:
4741:
4734:
4727:
4720:
4713:
4706:
4699:
4692:
4685:
4678:
4671:
4668:Gunnelltarsius
4664:
4657:
4650:
4643:
4636:
4629:
4622:
4615:
4607:
4605:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4593:
4586:
4579:
4572:
4565:
4558:
4551:
4544:
4537:
4534:Pseudotetonius
4530:
4523:
4516:
4509:
4502:
4495:
4488:
4480:
4478:
4470:
4469:
4467:
4466:
4459:
4452:
4445:
4438:
4431:
4424:
4417:
4410:
4402:
4400:
4398:Microchoerinae
4394:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4383:
4376:
4368:
4359:
4353:
4343:
4336:
4335:
4330:
4323:
4322:
4320:
4319:
4313:
4307:
4301:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4285:
4283:
4282:
4275:
4268:
4260:
4251:
4250:
4243:
4240:
4239:
4236:
4235:
4233:
4232:
4222:
4220:
4212:
4211:
4209:
4208:
4198:
4196:
4188:
4187:
4185:
4184:
4175:
4166:
4157:
4148:
4138:
4136:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4116:
4107:
4098:
4088:
4086:
4067:
4063:
4062:
4059:
4058:
4056:
4055:
4046:
4037:
4028:
4019:
4010:
4001:
3992:
3983:
3977:Javan surili (
3974:
3965:
3956:
3952:P. chrysomelas
3947:
3938:
3929:
3920:
3911:
3902:
3893:
3883:
3881:
3865:
3864:
3862:
3861:
3852:
3843:
3834:
3825:
3816:
3812:T. hatinhensis
3807:
3790:
3789:
3780:
3776:T. shortridgei
3771:
3754:
3753:
3744:
3735:
3731:T. crepusculus
3726:
3709:
3708:
3699:
3690:
3681:
3672:
3663:
3654:
3637:
3635:
3632:Trachypithecus
3627:
3626:
3624:
3623:
3614:
3605:
3596:
3587:
3578:
3569:
3560:
3556:S. schistaceus
3550:
3548:
3544:(Gray langurs)
3529:
3525:
3524:
3521:
3520:
3518:
3517:
3507:
3505:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3484:
3480:P. parmentieri
3475:
3466:
3457:
3448:
3439:
3430:
3421:
3412:
3403:
3394:
3385:
3376:
3367:
3358:
3349:
3339:
3337:
3321:
3320:
3318:
3317:
3308:
3299:
3293:King colobus (
3290:
3281:
3271:
3269:
3250:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3242:
3236:
3230:
3224:
3218:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3183:
3176:
3168:
3161:
3160:
3154:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3097:
3051:
3026:
2984:
2977:
2956:
2915:
2873:
2832:
2790:
2748:
2706:
2662:
2620:
2576:
2534:
2492:
2450:
2406:
2364:
2322:
2280:
2265:
2223:
2181:
2139:
2097:
2042:
2033:
2024:
2015:
2005:
1988:
1979:
1972:
1946:
1927:
1914:
1895:
1880:
1870:
1817:
1799:
1785:
1774:
1761:
1755:978-8496553897
1754:
1733:
1716:
1690:
1675:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1601:
1600:
1587: EN
1582:
1564:
1557:Eastern Africa
1555:
1542:
1529:
1528:
1515: EN
1510:
1492:
1485:Western Africa
1483:
1480:
1479:
1469:
1459:
1458:
1457:
1456:
1441:
1428:
1427:
1414: EN
1409:
1391:
1384:Eastern Africa
1382:
1369:
1356:
1355:
1342: VU
1337:
1319:
1310:
1298:
1285:
1284:
1271: VU
1266:
1248:
1239:
1226:
1217:
1216:
1203: CR
1198:
1180:
1175:
1162:
1149:
1148:
1135: VU
1130:
1112:
1103:
1090:
1081:
1080:
1067: CR
1062:
1044:
1037:Western Africa
1035:
1023:
1010:
1009:
996: CR
991:
973:
966:Western Africa
964:
951:
938:
937:
924: VU
919:
901:
892:
879:
870:
869:
856: CR
851:
833:
830:
813:
804:
803:
790: CR
785:
767:
760:Western Africa
758:
745:
736:
735:
722: EN
717:
699:
690:
676:P. parmentieri
673:
664:
663:
650: EN
645:
627:
618:
605:
596:
595:
582: EN
577:
559:
550:
537:
528:
527:
514: EN
509:
491:
479:
467:
458:
457:
454:
451:
448:
445:
420:
417:
403:
400:
374:
371:
352:
349:
221:
220:
214:
213:
209:
208:
202:
193:
192:
186:
185:
171:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
141:
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
121:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
101:
97:
96:
91:
87:
86:
81:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
53:
52:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7761:
7750:
7747:
7745:
7742:
7740:
7737:
7736:
7734:
7717:
7712:
7708:
7704:
7699:
7695:
7691:
7686:
7682:
7678:
7673:
7669:
7665:
7660:
7656:
7652:
7647:
7643:
7639:
7634:
7630:
7626:
7621:
7617:
7613:
7608:
7604:
7600:
7595:
7591:
7587:
7582:
7578:
7574:
7569:
7565:
7560:
7554:
7550:
7545:
7539:
7535:
7534:
7532:
7530:
7526:
7522:
7517:
7501:
7470:
7469:
7462:
7459:
7458:
7451:
7448:
7447:
7440:
7438:
7437:
7436:Kenyanthropus
7430:
7428:
7427:
7423:
7420:
7419:
7412:
7410:
7409:
7402:
7399:
7398:
7391:
7390:
7388:
7386:
7382:
7376:
7375:
7371:
7370:
7367:
7364:
7362:
7358:
7351:
7350:
7343:
7341:
7340:
7336:
7333:
7332:
7325:
7324:
7322:
7320:
7316:
7310:
7309:
7305:
7302:
7301:
7297:
7294:
7293:
7289:
7287:
7286:
7282:
7280:
7279:
7275:
7273:
7272:
7271:Anoiapithecus
7268:
7267:
7265:
7263:
7262:Dryopithecini
7256:
7253:
7250:
7245:
7235:
7234:
7227:
7225:
7224:
7220:
7218:
7217:
7210:
7208:
7207:
7200:
7198:
7197:
7190:
7188:
7187:
7180:
7178:
7177:
7170:
7168:
7167:
7160:
7159:
7157:
7155:
7151:
7145:
7144:
7137:
7135:
7134:
7127:
7125:
7124:
7117:
7115:
7114:
7107:
7106:
7103:
7099:
7096:
7093:
7088:
7078:
7077:
7070:
7068:
7067:
7063:
7061:
7060:
7056:
7054:
7053:
7046:
7044:
7043:
7039:
7037:
7036:
7032:
7030:
7029:
7022:
7021:
7019:
7017:
7013:
7007:
7006:
7002:
7000:
6999:
6995:
6993:
6992:
6991:Rukwapithecus
6988:
6986:
6985:
6981:
6978:
6977:
6973:
6971:
6970:
6966:
6963:
6962:
6961:Micropithecus
6958:
6956:
6955:
6951:
6950:
6948:
6946:
6939:
6933:
6932:
6925:
6923:
6922:
6915:
6913:
6912:
6911:Otavipithecus
6905:
6903:
6902:
6895:
6893:
6892:
6885:
6883:
6882:
6881:Kenyapithecus
6875:
6872:
6871:
6864:
6862:
6861:
6854:
6852:
6851:
6844:
6842:
6841:
6834:
6832:
6831:
6824:
6823:
6820:
6816:
6813:
6810:
6805:
6801:
6797:
6792:
6788:
6779:
6754:
6753:
6752:
6751:
6749:
6747:
6743:
6739:
6725:
6724:
6723:Theropithecus
6720:
6718:
6717:
6710:
6708:
6707:
6703:
6701:
6700:
6693:
6691:
6690:
6689:Procercocebus
6683:
6681:
6680:
6673:
6671:
6670:
6663:
6661:
6660:
6653:
6651:
6650:
6646:
6644:
6643:
6639:
6637:
6636:
6632:
6630:
6629:
6625:
6623:
6622:
6621:Gorgopithecus
6615:
6613:
6612:
6605:
6603:
6602:
6598:
6597:
6595:
6593:
6589:
6583:
6582:
6575:
6573:
6572:
6568:
6566:
6565:
6561:
6559:
6558:
6554:
6552:
6551:
6550:Cercopithecus
6547:
6545:
6544:
6543:Allochrocebus
6540:
6538:
6537:
6533:
6532:
6530:
6528:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6515:
6509:
6508:
6504:
6502:
6501:
6497:
6495:
6494:
6493:Semnopithecus
6490:
6488:
6487:
6480:
6478:
6477:
6476:Rhinopithecus
6473:
6471:
6470:
6463:
6461:
6460:
6456:
6454:
6453:
6449:
6447:
6446:
6442:
6440:
6439:
6435:
6433:
6432:
6431:Parapresbytis
6425:
6423:
6422:
6415:
6413:
6412:
6408:
6406:
6405:
6398:
6396:
6395:
6388:
6386:
6385:
6378:
6376:
6375:
6374:Kuseracolobus
6368:
6366:
6365:
6358:
6356:
6355:
6351:
6349:
6348:
6341:
6340:
6338:
6336:
6332:
6326:
6325:
6321:
6319:
6318:
6314:
6311:
6310:
6306:
6303:
6302:
6298:
6296:
6295:
6291:
6290:
6288:
6286:
6279:
6273:
6272:
6265:
6264:
6261:
6258:
6255:
6250:
6236:
6235:
6231:
6229:
6228:
6224:
6222:
6221:
6220:Laccopithecus
6217:
6215:
6214:
6210:
6208:
6207:
6206:Egarapithecus
6203:
6201:
6200:
6196:
6194:
6193:
6189:
6187:
6186:
6182:
6181:
6179:
6177:
6173:
6167:
6166:
6162:
6160:
6159:
6155:
6154:
6152:
6150:
6146:
6140:
6139:
6135:
6133:
6132:
6128:
6127:
6125:
6123:
6119:
6113:
6112:
6105:
6103:
6102:
6098:
6096:
6095:
6091:
6090:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6075:
6069:
6068:
6064:
6062:
6061:
6057:
6056:
6054:
6052:
6045:
6039:
6038:
6037:Talahpithecus
6034:
6032:
6031:
6030:Oligopithecus
6027:
6025:
6024:
6020:
6019:
6017:
6015:
6008:
6002:
6001:
5994:
5992:
5991:
5990:Micropithecus
5984:
5983:
5980:
5976:
5973:
5970:
5965:
5961:
5957:
5952:
5948:
5939:
5914:
5913:
5912:
5911:
5909:
5907:
5903:
5899:
5889:
5888:
5884:
5882:
5881:
5874:
5872:
5871:
5867:
5865:
5864:
5860:
5858:
5857:
5853:
5851:
5850:
5846:
5844:
5843:
5839:
5837:
5836:
5832:
5831:
5829:
5827:
5823:
5817:
5816:
5812:
5810:
5809:
5805:
5803:
5802:
5795:
5793:
5792:
5785:
5783:
5782:
5775:
5773:
5772:
5765:
5763:
5762:
5758:
5756:
5755:
5748:
5747:
5745:
5743:
5739:
5733:
5732:
5725:
5723:
5722:
5715:
5713:
5712:
5711:Protopithecus
5705:
5703:
5702:
5695:
5693:
5692:
5688:
5686:
5685:
5678:
5676:
5675:
5671:
5669:
5668:
5661:
5659:
5658:
5651:
5649:
5648:
5641:
5639:
5638:
5634:
5632:
5631:
5627:
5625:
5624:
5620:
5619:
5617:
5615:
5611:
5605:
5604:
5597:
5595:
5594:
5587:
5585:
5584:
5577:
5575:
5574:
5573:Plecturocebus
5570:
5568:
5567:
5563:
5561:
5560:
5553:
5551:
5550:
5549:Miocallicebus
5543:
5541:
5540:
5533:
5531:
5530:
5523:
5521:
5520:
5513:
5511:
5510:
5506:
5504:
5503:
5499:
5497:
5496:
5489:
5487:
5486:
5479:
5477:
5476:
5472:
5470:
5469:
5465:
5463:
5462:
5455:
5454:
5452:
5450:
5446:
5440:
5439:
5432:
5430:
5429:
5425:
5424:
5422:
5420:
5416:
5410:
5409:
5402:
5400:
5399:
5392:
5390:
5389:
5382:
5380:
5379:
5372:
5370:
5369:
5362:
5360:
5359:
5352:
5351:
5348:
5345:
5342:
5337:
5323:
5322:
5318:
5316:
5315:
5311:
5309:
5308:
5304:
5302:
5301:
5297:
5295:
5294:
5290:
5289:
5287:
5285:
5281:
5275:
5274:
5270:
5268:
5267:
5263:
5262:
5260:
5258:
5254:
5248:
5247:
5243:
5241:
5240:
5236:
5235:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5220:
5214:
5213:
5212:Siamopithecus
5209:
5207:
5206:
5202:
5200:
5199:
5195:
5193:
5192:
5188:
5186:
5185:
5181:
5178:
5177:
5176:Bugtipithecus
5173:
5171:
5170:
5169:Amphipithecus
5166:
5165:
5163:
5161:
5154:
5148:
5147:
5143:
5141:
5140:
5136:
5134:
5133:
5129:
5128:
5126:
5124:
5117:
5111:
5110:
5106:
5104:
5103:
5099:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5092:Afrotarsiidae
5086:
5079:
5078:
5071:
5068:
5067:
5060:
5058:
5057:
5056:Aseanpithecus
5050:
5048:
5047:
5040:
5037:
5036:
5029:
5028:
5025:
5021:
5018:
5015:
5010:
5006:
5002:
4997:
4993:
4983:
4961:
4960:
4959:
4958:
4956:
4954:
4950:
4939:
4938:
4931:
4929:
4928:
4924:
4922:
4921:
4914:
4912:
4911:
4904:
4902:
4901:
4900:Cephalopachus
4897:
4895:
4894:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4885:
4881:
4874:
4872:
4864:
4861:
4860:
4859:Afrotarsiidae
4853:
4851:
4850:
4843:
4842:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4830:
4826:
4816:
4815:
4811:
4809:
4808:
4804:
4802:
4801:
4797:
4796:
4794:
4792:
4791:Tarkadectinae
4788:
4782:
4781:
4777:
4775:
4774:
4770:
4768:
4767:
4763:
4761:
4760:
4756:
4754:
4753:
4749:
4747:
4746:
4742:
4740:
4739:
4735:
4733:
4732:
4728:
4726:
4725:
4721:
4719:
4718:
4714:
4712:
4711:
4707:
4705:
4704:
4700:
4698:
4697:
4693:
4691:
4690:
4686:
4684:
4683:
4679:
4677:
4676:
4672:
4670:
4669:
4665:
4663:
4662:
4661:Ekwiiyemakius
4658:
4656:
4655:
4651:
4649:
4648:
4644:
4642:
4641:
4637:
4635:
4634:
4630:
4628:
4627:
4623:
4621:
4620:
4616:
4614:
4613:
4612:Ageitodendron
4609:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4598:
4592:
4591:
4587:
4585:
4584:
4580:
4578:
4577:
4573:
4571:
4570:
4566:
4564:
4563:
4559:
4557:
4556:
4552:
4550:
4549:
4545:
4543:
4542:
4538:
4536:
4535:
4531:
4529:
4528:
4524:
4522:
4521:
4517:
4515:
4514:
4510:
4508:
4507:
4503:
4501:
4500:
4496:
4494:
4493:
4492:Anaptomorphus
4489:
4487:
4486:
4482:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4471:
4465:
4464:
4460:
4458:
4457:
4453:
4451:
4450:
4446:
4444:
4443:
4439:
4437:
4436:
4432:
4430:
4429:
4425:
4423:
4422:
4418:
4416:
4415:
4411:
4409:
4408:
4404:
4403:
4401:
4399:
4395:
4389:
4388:
4384:
4382:
4381:
4377:
4374:
4373:
4369:
4366:
4365:
4361:
4360:
4357:
4354:
4350:
4341:
4337:
4333:
4328:
4324:
4318:
4314:
4312:
4308:
4306:
4302:
4300:
4296:
4295:
4292:
4288:
4281:
4276:
4274:
4269:
4267:
4262:
4261:
4258:
4248:
4247:
4241:
4231:
4229:
4224:
4223:
4221:
4219:
4218:
4213:
4207:
4205:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4195:
4194:
4189:
4183:
4181:
4176:
4174:
4172:
4167:
4165:
4163:
4158:
4156:
4154:
4149:
4147:
4145:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4127:
4126:
4125:Rhinopithecus
4121:
4115:
4113:
4108:
4106:
4104:
4099:
4097:
4095:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4077:
4076:
4071:
4068:
4064:
4054:
4052:
4047:
4045:
4043:
4038:
4036:
4034:
4033:P. potenziani
4029:
4027:
4025:
4020:
4018:
4016:
4011:
4009:
4007:
4002:
4000:
3998:
3993:
3991:
3989:
3984:
3982:
3980:
3975:
3973:
3971:
3966:
3964:
3962:
3957:
3955:
3953:
3948:
3946:
3944:
3939:
3937:
3935:
3930:
3928:
3926:
3921:
3919:
3917:
3912:
3910:
3908:
3903:
3901:
3899:
3894:
3892:
3890:
3889:P. melalophos
3885:
3884:
3882:
3872:
3871:
3866:
3860:
3858:
3853:
3851:
3849:
3844:
3842:
3840:
3835:
3833:
3831:
3826:
3824:
3822:
3817:
3815:
3813:
3808:
3806:
3804:
3798:
3796:
3792:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3781:
3779:
3777:
3772:
3770:
3768:
3762:
3760:
3756:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:Popa langur (
3745:
3743:
3741:
3736:
3734:
3732:
3727:
3725:
3723:
3717:
3715:
3711:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3700:
3698:
3696:
3691:
3689:
3687:
3682:
3680:
3678:
3673:
3671:
3669:
3664:
3662:
3660:
3655:
3653:
3651:
3645:
3643:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3622:
3620:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3597:
3595:
3593:
3592:S. hypoleucos
3588:
3586:
3584:
3579:
3577:
3575:
3570:
3568:
3566:
3561:
3559:
3557:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3539:
3538:
3537:Semnopithecus
3533:
3530:
3526:
3516:
3514:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3504:
3503:
3498:
3492:
3490:
3489:P. lulindicus
3485:
3483:
3481:
3476:
3474:
3472:
3467:
3465:
3463:
3458:
3456:
3454:
3449:
3447:
3445:
3440:
3438:
3436:
3431:
3429:
3427:
3422:
3420:
3418:
3413:
3411:
3409:
3408:P. gordonorum
3404:
3402:
3400:
3395:
3393:
3391:
3386:
3384:
3382:
3377:
3375:
3373:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3359:
3357:
3355:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3328:
3327:
3322:
3316:
3314:
3309:
3307:
3305:
3304:C. vellerosus
3300:
3298:
3296:
3291:
3289:
3287:
3286:C. angolensis
3282:
3280:
3278:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3260:
3259:
3254:
3251:
3249:African group
3247:
3241:
3237:
3235:
3231:
3229:
3225:
3223:
3219:
3217:
3213:
3212:
3209:
3204:
3200:
3189:
3184:
3182:
3177:
3175:
3170:
3169:
3166:
3157:
3151:
3147:
3143:
3138:
3137:
3132:
3115:
3111:
3110:(Kerr, 1792)"
3109:
3101:
3098:
3085:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3071:
3066:
3064:
3055:
3052:
3040:
3038:
3030:
3027:
3022:
3016:
2998:
2991:
2989:
2985:
2980:
2978:9780198703396
2974:
2970:
2966:
2960:
2957:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2935:
2930:
2928:
2919:
2916:
2910:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2896:
2891:
2889:
2880:
2878:
2874:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2852:
2847:
2845:
2836:
2833:
2827:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2813:
2808:
2806:
2797:
2795:
2791:
2785:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2771:
2766:
2764:
2755:
2753:
2749:
2743:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2722:
2713:
2711:
2707:
2701:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2687:
2682:
2680:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2663:
2657:
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2019:
2016:
2009:
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2002:
2001:0-674-11667-4
1998:
1992:
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1973:9780295977041
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1730:. p. 96.
1729:
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1701:
1694:
1691:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1676:0-801-88221-4
1672:
1668:
1667:
1662:
1661:Wilson, D. E.
1658:
1656:
1650:
1649:Groves, C. P.
1644:
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1317:
1311:
1307:
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1301:P. gordonorum
1299:
1297:
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429:
418:
416:
413:
409:
401:
399:
397:
393:
388:
384:
380:
372:
370:
367:
366:green monkeys
361:
358:
350:
348:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
305:
300:
296:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
272:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
249:olive colobus
246:
245:
241:
237:
236:
232:of the genus
231:
227:
226:Red colobuses
219:
215:
210:
205:
200:
199:
194:
191:
187:
182:
177:
176:
172:
169:
168:
165:
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79:
78:
75:
72:
69:
68:
63:
58:
54:
51:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
7739:Piliocolobus
7573:Piliocolobus
7559:Piliocolobus
7529:Piliocolobus
7528:
7468:Paranthropus
7466:
7455:
7444:
7434:
7424:
7416:
7406:
7397:Ardipithecus
7395:
7372:
7347:
7337:
7329:
7308:Rudapithecus
7306:
7298:
7290:
7285:Dryopithecus
7283:
7276:
7269:
7233:Sivapithecus
7231:
7221:
7216:Meganthropus
7214:
7204:
7194:
7186:Indopithecus
7184:
7174:
7164:
7141:
7131:
7121:
7111:
7074:
7066:Symphalangus
7064:
7057:
7050:
7040:
7033:
7028:Bunopithecus
7026:
7003:
6996:
6989:
6982:
6976:Oreopithecus
6974:
6967:
6959:
6952:
6929:
6919:
6909:
6899:
6889:
6879:
6868:
6858:
6848:
6838:
6830:Afropithecus
6828:
6721:
6714:
6704:
6697:
6687:
6677:
6667:
6657:
6647:
6640:
6633:
6626:
6619:
6611:Dinopithecus
6609:
6599:
6581:Nanopithecus
6579:
6569:
6564:Erythrocebus
6562:
6555:
6548:
6541:
6534:
6505:
6498:
6491:
6484:
6474:
6469:Rhinocolobus
6467:
6457:
6450:
6443:
6438:Piliocolobus
6437:
6436:
6429:
6419:
6409:
6404:Microcolobus
6402:
6394:Mesopithecus
6392:
6384:Libypithecus
6382:
6372:
6362:
6352:
6345:
6322:
6315:
6309:Prohylobates
6307:
6299:
6294:Noropithecus
6292:
6269:
6232:
6225:
6218:
6211:
6204:
6197:
6190:
6183:
6176:Crouzeliidae
6163:
6156:
6138:Pliopithecus
6136:
6129:
6109:
6099:
6092:
6065:
6058:
6035:
6028:
6023:Catopithecus
6021:
5998:
5988:
5885:
5878:
5868:
5861:
5854:
5847:
5840:
5833:
5813:
5806:
5799:
5789:
5779:
5771:Dolichocebus
5769:
5759:
5752:
5729:
5719:
5709:
5699:
5689:
5682:
5672:
5665:
5655:
5645:
5635:
5628:
5621:
5601:
5591:
5581:
5571:
5564:
5557:
5547:
5539:Mazzonicebus
5537:
5527:
5517:
5507:
5500:
5495:Cebupithecia
5493:
5483:
5473:
5466:
5461:Antillothrix
5459:
5436:
5426:
5406:
5396:
5386:
5376:
5368:Perupithecus
5366:
5356:
5319:
5312:
5307:Parapithecus
5305:
5298:
5291:
5271:
5264:
5244:
5237:
5210:
5203:
5196:
5189:
5182:
5174:
5167:
5144:
5137:
5130:
5107:
5100:
5077:Phileosimias
5075:
5064:
5054:
5044:
5035:Altiatlasius
5033:
4937:Xanthorhysis
4935:
4925:
4920:Oligotarsius
4918:
4908:
4898:
4891:
4868:
4857:
4847:
4833:Tarsiiformes
4812:
4805:
4798:
4778:
4771:
4764:
4757:
4750:
4743:
4736:
4729:
4722:
4715:
4708:
4701:
4696:Macrotarsius
4694:
4687:
4680:
4673:
4666:
4659:
4652:
4645:
4638:
4631:
4624:
4617:
4610:
4588:
4581:
4574:
4567:
4560:
4553:
4548:Strigorhysis
4546:
4541:Sphacorhysis
4539:
4532:
4525:
4520:Chlororhysis
4518:
4511:
4504:
4497:
4490:
4483:
4461:
4454:
4447:
4440:
4433:
4426:
4421:Microchoerus
4419:
4412:
4405:
4385:
4378:
4372:Altiatlasius
4370:
4362:
4244:
4227:
4215:
4203:
4191:
4179:
4171:R. avunculus
4170:
4161:
4152:
4144:R. roxellana
4143:
4123:
4111:
4102:
4093:
4073:
4050:
4041:
4032:
4024:P. rubicunda
4023:
4014:
4005:
3996:
3987:
3978:
3969:
3961:P. siamensis
3960:
3951:
3942:
3934:P. robinsoni
3933:
3925:P. femoralis
3924:
3915:
3907:P. sumatrana
3906:
3897:
3888:
3868:
3856:
3848:T. delacouri
3847:
3838:
3829:
3820:
3811:
3803:T. francoisi
3802:
3795:T. francoisi
3794:
3793:
3784:
3775:
3766:
3758:
3757:
3748:
3739:
3730:
3721:
3713:
3712:
3703:
3694:
3686:T. margarita
3685:
3676:
3668:T. cristatus
3667:
3659:T. mauritius
3658:
3649:
3642:T. cristatus
3641:
3640:
3630:
3618:
3609:
3600:
3591:
3582:
3573:
3564:
3555:
3535:
3528:Langur group
3512:
3500:
3488:
3479:
3471:P. oustaleti
3470:
3461:
3452:
3443:
3434:
3425:
3416:
3407:
3398:
3389:
3380:
3371:
3363:P. pennantii
3362:
3354:P. waldronae
3353:
3344:
3333:(Red colobi)
3326:Piliocolobus
3325:
3324:
3312:
3303:
3295:C. polykomos
3294:
3285:
3276:
3256:
3141:
3118:. Retrieved
3113:
3107:
3100:
3088:. Retrieved
3074:
3068:
3062:
3054:
3043:. Retrieved
3036:
3029:
3004:. Retrieved
2968:
2965:Groves, C.P.
2959:
2947:. Retrieved
2932:
2926:
2918:
2899:
2893:
2887:
2864:. Retrieved
2849:
2843:
2835:
2816:
2810:
2804:
2774:
2768:
2762:
2732:
2726:
2720:
2690:
2684:
2678:
2646:
2640:
2634:
2611:. Retrieved
2596:
2590:
2560:
2554:
2548:
2518:
2512:
2506:
2476:
2470:
2464:
2441:. Retrieved
2426:
2420:
2390:
2384:
2378:
2348:
2342:
2336:
2306:
2300:
2294:
2276:Kingdon 2015
2249:
2243:
2237:
2207:
2201:
2195:
2165:
2159:
2153:
2123:
2117:
2111:
2093:Kingdon 2015
2036:
2027:
2018:
2008:
1991:
1982:
1957:
1949:
1940:
1936:
1930:
1908:
1904:
1898:
1889:
1883:
1873:
1838:
1834:
1820:
1810:
1802:
1794:
1788:
1777:
1769:
1764:
1745:
1726:
1719:
1710:
1706:
1693:
1665:
1655:Piliocolobus
1654:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1606:Colin Groves
1604:
1591:
1585:
1578:
1572:
1566:
1544:
1535:
1519:
1513:
1506:
1500:
1494:
1471:
1466:P. b. badius
1465:
1443:
1434:
1418:
1412:
1405:
1399:
1393:
1371:
1362:
1346:
1340:
1333:
1327:
1321:
1300:
1291:
1275:
1269:
1262:
1256:
1250:
1228:
1223:
1207:
1201:
1194:
1188:
1182:
1164:
1155:
1139:
1133:
1126:
1120:
1114:
1092:
1087:
1071:
1065:
1058:
1052:
1046:
1025:
1016:
1000:
994:
987:
981:
975:
954:P. pennantii
953:
944:
928:
922:
915:
909:
903:
882:P. oustaleti
881:
876:
860:
854:
847:
841:
835:
815:
810:
794:
788:
781:
775:
769:
748:P. waldronae
747:
742:
726:
720:
713:
707:
701:
675:
670:
654:
648:
641:
635:
629:
607:
602:
586:
580:
573:
567:
561:
539:
534:
518:
512:
505:
499:
493:
469:
464:
444:Common name
428:Piliocolobus
426:
425:
405:
376:
362:
354:
302:
273:
256:
242:
235:Piliocolobus
234:
233:
225:
224:
217:
196:
190:Type species
175:Piliocolobus
174:
173:
130:Infraorder:
35:Red colobus
29:
7633:iNaturalist
7553:Wikispecies
7016:Hylobatidae
6706:Rungwecebus
6571:Miopithecus
6557:Chlorocebus
6486:Sawecolobus
6421:Paracolobus
6185:Anapithecus
6101:Paidopithex
5856:Leontocebus
5791:Panamacebus
5701:Paralouatta
5637:Brachyteles
5529:Insulacebus
5449:Pitheciidae
5388:Canaanimico
5341:Platyrrhini
5293:Abuqatrania
5109:Afrotarsius
5014:Simiiformes
5001:Simiiformes
4953:Simiiformes
4807:Tarkadectes
4647:Diablomomys
4626:Brontomomys
4562:Teilhardina
4506:Arapahovius
4499:Anemorhysis
4463:Vectipithex
4456:Quercyloris
4449:Pseudoloris
4428:Nannopithex
4414:Melaneremia
4228:S. concolor
4204:N. larvatus
4180:R. strykeri
4162:R. brelichi
4103:P. nigripes
4006:P. canicrus
3970:P. frontata
3767:T. pileatus
3759:T. pileatus
3722:T. obscurus
3714:T. obscurus
3677:T. germaini
3583:S. entellus
3444:P. bouvieri
3381:P. tholloni
3201:(subfamily
1229:P. tholloni
614:J. A. Allen
470:P. bouvieri
261:blue monkey
150:Subfamily:
134:Simiiformes
7733:Categories
6850:Equatorius
6809:Hominoidea
6796:Hominoidea
6755:see below↓
6746:Hominoidea
6642:Mandrillus
6628:Lophocebus
6601:Cercocebus
6452:Procolobus
6213:Fanchangia
5969:Catarrhini
5956:Catarrhini
5915:see below↓
5906:Catarrhini
5842:Callithrix
5781:Killikaike
5684:Mohanamico
5667:Chilecebus
5593:Soriacebus
5559:Nuciruptor
5519:Homunculus
5509:Chiropotes
5502:Cheracebus
5485:Carlocebus
5475:Callicebus
5438:Tremacebus
5408:Lagonimico
5398:Branisella
5378:Szalatavus
5205:Pondaungia
5123:Eosimiidae
4962:see below↓
4849:Archicebus
4731:Shoshonius
4675:Hemiacodon
4654:Dyseolemur
4640:Chumashius
4583:Trogolemur
4576:Tetonoides
4485:Absarokius
4435:Necrolemur
4380:Bownomomys
4332:Haplorhini
4287:Haplorhini
4112:P. cinerea
4094:P. nemaeus
4051:P. natunae
3988:P. thomasi
3943:P. percura
3916:P. mitrata
3898:P. bicolor
3740:T. phayrei
3650:T. auratus
3610:S. vetulus
3502:Procolobus
3372:P. preussi
3313:C. guereza
3277:C. satanas
3240:Haplorhini
3238:Suborder:
3120:29 January
3090:29 January
3045:2019-01-23
3006:2019-01-23
1628:References
1026:P. preussi
960:Waterhouse
888:Trouessart
546:Pousargues
475:Rochebrune
435:Rochebrune
408:chimpanzee
333:endangered
325:vulnerable
317:Oustalet's
292:threatened
280:parapatric
244:Procolobus
181:Rochebrune
124:Haplorhini
120:Suborder:
7319:Gorillini
7249:Homininae
7092:Hominidae
7042:Hylobates
6921:Proconsul
6679:Pliopapio
6669:Parapapio
6592:Papionini
6459:Pygathrix
6445:Presbytis
6335:Colobinae
6234:Pliobates
6199:Crouzelia
6000:Saadanius
5835:Callimico
5754:Acrecebus
5731:Stirtonia
5674:Lagothrix
5657:Cartelles
5603:Xenothrix
5358:Parvimico
4884:Tarsiidae
4871:Omomyidae
4766:Washakius
4752:Uintanius
4703:Nesomomys
4633:Chipetaia
4619:Asiomomys
4602:Omomyinae
4555:Tatmanius
4513:Aycrossia
4442:Paraloris
4407:Indusomys
4349:Omomyidae
4297:Kingdom:
4075:Pygathrix
4042:P. siberu
4015:P. sabana
3979:P. comata
3877:(Surilis)
3870:Presbytis
3857:T. ebenus
3839:T. laotum
3695:T. barbei
3619:S. johnii
3574:S. hector
3435:P. epieni
3417:P. kirkii
3345:P. badius
3214:Kingdom:
3203:Colobinae
1943:(2): 2–4.
1911:(10): 44.
1865:1755-263X
1545:P. kirkii
1444:P. badius
816:P. epieni
412:selection
396:ungulates
321:Thollon's
297:group of
295:taxonomic
218:See text
154:Colobinae
80:Kingdom:
74:Eukaryota
7677:12100620
7544:Q1029638
7538:Wikidata
7385:Hominina
7361:Hominini
7278:Danuvius
7154:Ponginae
7113:Buronius
7059:Nomascus
6998:Simiolus
5887:Saguinus
5849:Cebuella
5801:Patasola
5721:Solimoea
5623:Alouatta
5614:Atelidae
5566:Pithecia
5314:Qatrania
5239:Arsinoea
5139:Eosimias
4773:Wyomomys
4738:Steinius
4724:Rooneyia
4682:Jemezius
4590:Walshina
4569:Tetonius
4527:Gazinius
4387:Kohatius
4364:Altanius
4317:Primates
4311:Mammalia
4305:Chordata
4303:Phylum:
4299:Animalia
4246:Category
4153:R. bieti
3997:P. hosei
3601:S. priam
3513:P. verus
3462:P. langi
3234:Primates
3228:Mammalia
3222:Chordata
3220:Phylum:
3216:Animalia
3015:cite web
2949:July 24,
2943:Archived
2866:July 24,
2860:Archived
2613:July 24,
2607:Archived
2443:July 24,
2437:Archived
2278:, p. 110
2095:, p. 103
1685:62265494
1651:(2005).
1521:Unknown
1420:Unknown
1330:: Forest
1306:Matschie
1277:Unknown
1259:: Forest
1209:Unknown
1141:Unknown
1123:: Forest
1073:Unknown
1055:: Forest
1031:Matschie
1002:Unknown
984:: Forest
930:Unknown
912:: Forest
862:Unknown
844:: Forest
796:Unknown
778:: Forest
728:Unknown
710:: Forest
686:Verheyen
656:Unknown
638:: Forest
608:P. langi
588:Unknown
570:: Forest
520:Unknown
502:: Forest
379:charcoal
369:manner.
309:Udzungwa
299:primates
212:Species
164:Colobini
140:Family:
114:Primates
104:Mammalia
94:Chordata
90:Phylum:
84:Animalia
70:Domain:
7703:1013952
7651:1095889
7625:4266981
7612:2925519
7446:Orrorin
7339:Gorilla
7035:Hoolock
6411:Nasalis
6354:Colobus
5880:Micodon
5815:Sapajus
5808:Saimiri
5742:Cebidae
5691:Oreonax
5647:Caipora
5468:Cacajao
5419:Aotidae
5300:Apidium
5273:Serapia
5246:Biretia
5132:Bahinia
5102:Afrasia
5066:Nosmips
5046:Amamria
4927:Tarsius
4893:Carlito
4814:Tarkops
4780:Yaquius
4745:Stockia
4717:Ourayia
4689:Loveina
4315:Order:
4309:Class:
4193:Nasalis
4082:(Doucs)
3785:T. geei
3749:T. popa
3565:S. ajax
3390:P. foai
3258:Colobus
3232:Order:
3226:Class:
3133:Sources
1925:Chapman
1843:Bibcode
1653:"GENUS
1573:Habitat
1553:, 1868)
1501:Habitat
1452:, 1792)
1400:Habitat
1380:, 1907)
1348:35,000
1328:Habitat
1257:Habitat
1237:, 1886)
1189:Habitat
1173:, 1879)
1121:Habitat
1101:, 1991)
1053:Habitat
982:Habitat
962:, 1838)
910:Habitat
890:, 1906)
842:Habitat
828:, 1999)
776:Habitat
756:, 1936)
708:Habitat
688:, 1987)
636:Habitat
616:, 1925)
568:Habitat
548:, 1899)
540:P. foai
500:Habitat
419:Species
387:cyanide
313:Semliki
257:Colobus
170:Genus:
160:Tribe:
110:Order:
100:Class:
7716:236464
7690:591932
7664:943941
7638:333739
7586:211529
6840:Ekembo
6635:Macaca
6500:Simias
6271:Alophe
5630:Ateles
5191:Krabia
5184:Ganlea
4759:Utahia
4710:Omomys
4217:Simias
3152:
3041:. ITIS
2975:
2013:67-77.
1999:
1970:
1878:67-77.
1863:
1809:2008.
1752:
1683:
1673:
1616:, but
1593:5,900
1378:Elliot
1308:, 1900
1171:Peters
1033:, 1900
826:Powell
824:&
754:Hayman
684:&
477:, 1887
450:Range
437:, 1887
424:Genus
263:. The
206:, 1792
183:, 1887
7646:IRMNG
7223:Pongo
7052:Junzi
6649:Papio
5761:Cebus
5428:Aotus
4800:Tarka
3797:group
3761:group
3716:group
3644:group
3000:(PDF)
1841:(3).
1713:: 16.
1703:(PDF)
1659:. In
1178:Kenya
1099:Colyn
822:Grubb
692:Congo
682:Colyn
620:Congo
482:Congo
276:allo-
240:genus
7685:NCBI
7659:ITIS
7620:GBIF
7599:6QFS
7581:BOLD
7426:Homo
6111:Kapi
5870:Mico
3150:ISBN
3122:2022
3092:2022
3075:2020
3021:link
2973:ISBN
2951:2023
2900:2019
2868:2023
2817:2020
2775:2020
2733:2019
2691:2020
2647:2020
2615:2023
2561:2020
2519:2019
2477:2019
2445:2023
2391:2020
2349:2019
2307:2020
2250:2020
2208:2020
2166:2020
2124:2022
1997:ISBN
1968:ISBN
1861:ISSN
1807:IUCN
1750:ISBN
1681:OCLC
1671:ISBN
1579:Diet
1567:Size
1551:Gray
1507:Diet
1495:Size
1450:Kerr
1406:Diet
1394:Size
1334:Diet
1322:Size
1263:Diet
1251:Size
1195:Diet
1183:Size
1127:Diet
1115:Size
1059:Diet
1047:Size
988:Diet
976:Size
916:Diet
904:Size
848:Diet
836:Size
782:Diet
770:Size
714:Diet
702:Size
642:Diet
630:Size
574:Diet
562:Size
506:Diet
494:Size
383:clay
373:Diet
329:IUCN
319:and
228:are
204:Kerr
7672:MSW
7607:EoL
7594:CoL
7568:ADW
7374:Pan
3079:doi
2904:doi
2821:doi
2779:doi
2737:doi
2695:doi
2651:doi
2565:doi
2523:doi
2481:doi
2395:doi
2353:doi
2311:doi
2254:doi
2212:doi
2170:doi
2128:doi
1941:119
1909:102
1851:doi
381:or
335:or
331:as
278:or
7735::
7713::
7700::
7687::
7674::
7661::
7648::
7635::
7622::
7609::
7596::
7583::
7570::
7555::
7540::
3799::
3763::
3718::
3646::
3148:.
3112:.
3073:.
3067:.
3017:}}
3013:{{
2987:^
2941:.
2937:.
2931:.
2898:.
2892:.
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2858:.
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2773:.
2767:.
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2731:.
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2689:.
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2645:.
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2164:.
2158:.
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2122:.
2116:.
2100:^
2045:^
1966:.
1964:47
1939:.
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1907:.
1859:.
1849:.
1839:17
1837:.
1833:.
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1711:85
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1679:.
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1478:)
432:–
347:.
315:,
311:,
271:.
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7119:†
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6675:†
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6078:†
6048:†
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5777:†
5767:†
5750:†
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5697:†
5680:†
5663:†
5653:†
5643:†
5599:†
5589:†
5579:†
5555:†
5545:†
5535:†
5525:†
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5491:†
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3383:)
3374:)
3365:)
3356:)
3347:)
3315:)
3306:)
3297:)
3288:)
3279:)
3205:)
3187:e
3180:t
3173:v
3158:.
3124:.
3106:"
3094:.
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3065:"
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3048:.
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3009:.
2981:.
2953:.
2929:"
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2890:"
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2870:.
2846:"
2842:"
2829:.
2823::
2807:"
2803:"
2787:.
2781::
2765:"
2761:"
2745:.
2739::
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2697::
2681:"
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2659:.
2653::
2637:"
2633:"
2617:.
2593:"
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2573:.
2567::
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2525::
2509:"
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2489:.
2483::
2467:"
2463:"
2447:.
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2419:"
2403:.
2397::
2381:"
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2361:.
2355::
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2319:.
2313::
2297:"
2293:"
2262:.
2256::
2240:"
2236:"
2220:.
2214::
2198:"
2194:"
2178:.
2172::
2156:"
2152:"
2136:.
2130::
2114:"
2110:"
1976:.
1867:.
1853::
1845::
1758:.
1687:.
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1549:(
1474:(
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958:(
886:(
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752:(
680:(
612:(
544:(
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