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by shaving or sanding. Some professionals make single reeds from blanks, but this is time-consuming and can require expensive equipment. Among double reed players, advanced and professional players typically make their own reeds, while beginners and students often buy reeds, either from their teachers or from commercial sources.
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Musicians originally crafted reeds from cane using simple tools, a time-consuming and painstaking process. Specialized tools for cutting and trimming reeds by hand reduce the time needed to finish a reed. Today, nearly all single-reed instrument players buy manufactured reeds, though many adjust them
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Manufacturers produce reeds in different strengths, indicated by a number (most commonly 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, and 5). The strength is determined by a machine that presses against the vamp (the part that includes the tip and the "heart" just behind the tip) of the reed and determines how stiff the
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reeds. Double reeds are tied in place with thread. Finishing both bassoon and oboe reeds requires the reed-maker to scrape along the cane section of the reed with a scraping knife to specific dimensions and lengths depending on the reed style and the musician's preference. Bassoon and oboe reeds are
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is grown in the southern coastal regions of France and Spain and, in the last 30 years, in the Cuyo area of
Argentina. After the cane is cut it is placed in direct sunlight for about a month to dry. The cane is rotated regularly to ensure even and complete drying. Once dry, the cane is stored in a
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Reeds designed for the same instrument look roughly identical, but vary in thickness ("hardness" or "strength"). Hardness is generally measured on a scale of 1 through 5 from softest to hardest. This is not a standardized scale and reed strengths vary by manufacturer. The thickness of the tip and
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cane is collected, dried, processed, cut to manageable sizes, and separated into various diameters. The most common diameters for
American-style oboe reeds are: 9.5–10 mm (0.37–0.39 in), 10–10.5 mm (0.39–0.41 in), and 10.5–11 mm (0.41–0.43 in). Many American oboists
208:. The back of the reed is flat and is placed against the mouthpiece. These reeds are roughly rectangular in shape and taper towards the thin tip, which is rounded to match the curve of the mouthpiece tip. All single reeds are shaped similarly but vary in size to fit each instrument's mouthpiece.
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players to each play several different instruments from the single-reed, flute, and double-reed families. In this context, these players are commonly referred to as "reed players". An individual part may call for only one or two instruments, or many more (the "Reed 3" part in
Bernstein's
490:), used in some traditional Chinese music ensembles. A leaf or long blade of grass is stretched between the sides of the thumbs and tensioned slightly by bending the thumbs to change the pitch. The tone can be modified by cupping the hands to provide a resonant chamber.
192:, where a reed is cut and separated from the tube of cane and attached to a mouthpiece of some sort. By contrast, in an uncapped double reed instrument (such as the oboe and bassoon), there is no mouthpiece; the two parts of the reed vibrate against one another.
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reed is. The machine separates the reeds according to hardness. Individual reeds graded with the same strength/hardness will vary in their playing characteristics. Sections of a reed that is too hard can be adjusted using blades, scrapers, or abrasives.
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heel and the profile in between affect the sound and playability. Pieces of cane of different density or stiffness, even if cut with the same profile, will respond differently due to those differences.
860:
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Finally, the gouged pieces of cane are soaked, shaped on a shaper with razor blades, and allowed to dry before the final steps. The shaped piece of cane is then re-soaked and tied onto a "staple" for
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is an unframed free reed made of a stone or wood board tied to a rope that is swung around through the air to make a whistling sound. Another primitive unframed free-reed instrument is the leaf (the
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consistently on both sides. The split pieces are gouged by machine to remove many layers and drastically decrease thickness, which eases the scraping process for the reed-maker.
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warehouse. As production requires it, cane is taken to a factory's cutting department, where it is cut into tubes graded by diameter and wall density. The tubes are cut into
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795:, "The Classical Squeezebox: A Short History of the Accordion and Other Free-Reed Instruments in Classical Music," The Classical Free-Reed, Inc. (1997).
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The tubes are split into three equal parts and the pieces that are not warped are chosen. A reed made from warped cane will not
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888:- an exhibition curated by the Museum of Making Music, Carlsbad, CA - detailing the history and migration of reed instruments.
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instruments have four reeds, two on top and two on bottom. Examples of this include an archetypal instrument from
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instruments, and bagpipes. Synthetic reeds are more durable and do not need to be moistened prior to playing.
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431:: framed and unframed. Framed free reeds are used on ancient East Asian instruments such as the Chinese
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The playing characteristics of cane reeds are susceptible to changes in temperature and humidity.
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or synthetics. Musical instruments are classified according to the type and number of reeds.
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475:. The reed is made from cane, willow, brass or steel, and is enclosed in a rigid frame. The
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and made into reed blanks. Blanks are tapered and profiled into reeds using blades or
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prefer one diameter at one time of the year and a different diameter at other times.
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finished when the reeds play in tune or can make a sufficient "crow"-like noise.
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Double reed manufacturing begins the same way as that of single reeds.
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648:"Oboe Cane Processing Overview | Midwest Musical Imports Blog"
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machines. Completed reeds are graded for strength by machine.
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677:"Oboe Tube Cane Guide :: Midwest Musical Imports Blog"
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compounds, and from a combination of cane and synthetics.
506:, but there are synthetic reeds for clarinet, saxophone,
169:("Giant cane") or synthetic material. Tuned reeds (as in
805:
853:"D'Addario Woodwinds : Strength Comparison Chart"
439:, ancient Southeast Asian instruments like the Laotian
707:"Oboe Reed Vibrations - Things Are Shakin' - OboeHobo"
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184:The earliest types of single-reed instruments used
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
379:is one of the most recognized instruments of India
806:"Premium Synthetic Woodwind Reeds | Légère Reeds"
27:Sound producing part of some musical instruments
736:"The Westwind reed knife and sharpening system"
513:Recently, synthetic reeds have been made from
443:, and modern European instruments such as the
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907:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
200:Single reeds are used on the mouthpieces of
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265:are used on many instruments, such as the
1461:Woodwind instrument parts and accessories
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
828:"The Idea - Harry Hartmann's Fiberreed"
639:
594:, and tenor and baritone saxophones).
7:
531:, has a distinctive kind of reed (a
58:adding citations to reliable sources
863:from the original on 25 August 2017
535:), which is made from a paper-like
479:of the framed free reed is fixed.
25:
358:reeds or formed on a mandrel for
34:
775:from the original on 2016-08-16
746:from the original on 2015-12-08
717:from the original on 2016-05-06
687:from the original on 2015-12-08
658:from the original on 2015-12-08
45:needs additional citations for
1:
1482:
857:www.woodwinds.daddario.com
832:Harry Hartmann's Fiberreed
740:Westwind Reed Making Tools
420:
244:
765:"Reed Help for Beginners"
705:Witt, John (2014-07-03).
898:"Reed instruments"
904:Encyclopædia Britannica
681:Midwest Musical Imports
652:Midwest Musical Imports
543:Commercial vs. handmade
427:There are two types of
226:single-reed instruments
224:used to make reeds for
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259:
144:
69:"Reed" mouthpiece
614:Mouthpiece (woodwind)
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254:
135:
1181:Heckelphone-clarinet
609:Free-reed instrument
571:orchestras call for
552:Care and maintenance
502:reeds are made from
163:reeds are made from
54:improve this article
500:woodwind instrument
423:Free reed aerophone
190:heteroglottal reeds
161:woodwind instrument
1140:Reclam de xeremies
886:The Roots of Reeds
808:. Légère Reeds LTD
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157:musical instrument
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1313:Gourd mouth organ
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515:synthetic polymer
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186:idioglottal reeds
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16:(Redirected from
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1378:Orthotonophonium
1373:Indian harmonium
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1088:Cylindrical bore
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569:Musical theatre
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384:Quadruple reed
375:The four reed
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592:bass clarinet
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71: –
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65:Find sources:
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43:This article
41:
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32:
31:
19:
1276:Couesnophone
1164:Conical bore
1041:Oboe d'amore
1016:English horn
998:Conical bore
902:
865:. Retrieved
856:
847:
835:. Retrieved
831:
822:
810:. Retrieved
800:
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777:. Retrieved
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748:. Retrieved
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719:. Retrieved
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689:. Retrieved
680:
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660:. Retrieved
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621:reed-making
590:, clarinet,
588:English horn
577:
567:
558:
555:
546:
519:
512:
497:
487:
482:The ancient
481:
426:
382:
353:
346:
340:Arundo donax
338:
336:
327:Rauschpfeife
295:sarrusophone
275:English horn
271:oboe d'amore
263:Double reeds
261:
241:Double reeds
230:
219:
216:Construction
210:
199:
196:Single reeds
189:
185:
183:
166:Arundo donax
164:
152:
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97:
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52:Please help
47:verification
44:
18:Reed (music)
1368:Guide-chant
1343:Martinshorn
1080:Single reed
1066:Taepyeongso
951:Double reed
508:double reed
283:heckelphone
247:Double reed
1455:Categories
1385:Saenghwang
1363:Pump organ
1318:Hornophone
1271:Concertina
1240:Pitch pipe
1235:Party horn
1230:Bullroarer
1171:Aulochrome
837:5 December
812:5 December
779:2016-05-28
750:2015-12-03
721:2015-12-03
691:2015-12-04
662:2015-12-03
582:calls for
539:membrane.
484:bullroarer
461:concertina
453:reed pipes
449:reed organ
429:free reeds
421:See also:
417:Free reeds
402:, and the
307:nadaswaram
245:See also:
206:saxophones
175:accordions
171:harmonicas
80:newspapers
1440:Tone hole
1353:Organetto
1291:Chromatic
1286:Harmonica
1281:Harmoneon
1261:Accordion
1210:Free reed
1191:Saxophone
1125:Launeddas
1110:Chalumeau
623:workshops
494:Materials
469:accordion
465:bandoneĂłn
457:harmonica
445:harmonium
411:harmonics
404:Cambodian
279:bass oboe
202:clarinets
1348:Melodica
1338:Mangtong
1296:Diatonic
1266:Claviola
1196:Tárogató
1155:Zhaleika
1115:Clarinet
973:Chirimia
867:21 March
861:Archived
773:Archived
744:Archived
715:Archived
711:OboeHobo
685:Archived
656:Archived
598:See also
573:woodwind
400:Thailand
323:bagpipes
319:crumhorn
303:bagpipes
110:May 2020
1333:Lusheng
1306:Tremolo
1186:Octavin
1150:Xaphoon
1135:Pibgorn
1120:Diplica
1011:Bombard
1006:Bassoon
968:Balaban
627:Ireland
584:piccolo
526:Chinese
392:shehnai
377:shehnai
360:bassoon
349:vibrate
311:shehnai
287:bassoon
256:Bassoon
159:. Most
153:lamella
94:scholar
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1051:Rhaita
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537:bamboo
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390:, the
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315:others
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