1197:
5671:"The Oxford Library of African Literature. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1964. A Selection of African Prose. I. Traditional Oral Texts; II. Written Prose. Compiled by W. H. Whiteley. Pp. xv, 200; viii, 185. 21s. each. - The Oxford Library of African Literature. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1964. Somali Poetry: an Introduction. By B. W. Andrzejewski and I. M. Lewis. Pp. viii, 167. 30s. - The Oxford Library of African Literature. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1964. The Heroic Recitations of the Bahima of Ankole. By H. F. Morris. Pp. xii, 142. 30s"
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91:
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1302:. These two Sultanates possessed some of the organs and trappings of a traditional integrated state: a functioning bureaucracy, regular taxation in the form of livestock, as well as an army (chiefly consisting of mounted light cavalry). These sultanates also maintained written records of their activities, which still exist. The Isaaq Sultanate ruled parts of the
385:
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Historically (and presently to a degree), the wider Isaaq clan were relatively more disposed to trade than their tribal counterparts due in part to their centuries-old trade links with the
Arabian Peninsula. In view of this imbalance in mercantile experience, other major Somali clans tended to resort
5733:
Somalia e
Benadir: viaggio di esplorazione nell'Africa orientale. Prima traversata della Somalia, compiuta per incarico della Societá geografica italiana. Luigi Robecchi Bricchetti. 1899. The Somalis in general have a great inclination to poetry; a particular passion for the stories, the stories and
1562:
respectively, and also conducted trade missions on their own vessels to the
Arabian ports. Berbera, in addition to Berbera being described as “the freest port in the world, and the most important trading place on the whole Arabian Gulf, was also the main marketplace in the entire Somali seaboard for
1475:
from 1967 to 1969. Furthermore, when
English became one of the official languages, the ministries of Foreign Trade, Foreign Affairs, Education, and Information were mainly held by the Isaaq members. They were still powerful in the early years of the military dictatorship (1969–91). However, from the
1345:
tribes near
Berbera where a century earlier the Isaaq clan expanded into. After witnessing his leadership and courage, the Isaaq chiefs recognized his father Abdi who refused the position instead relegating the title to his underage son Guled while the father acted as the regent till the son come of
1172:
The Isaaq also has a sizable diaspora around the world, mainly residing in
Western Europe, the Middle East, North America, and several other African countries. The Isaaq were among the first Somalis to arrive in the United Kingdom in the 1880s, and have since then formed large communities across the
1521:
Somalis bandied about numerous stereotypes of clan behavior that mirrored these emerging social inequalities. The pejorative slang terms iidoor or kabadhe iidoora (loosely meaning "exchange") reflect Somali disdain for the go-between, the person who amasses wealth through persistence and mercantile
1258:
The
Marrehan and the Habr Magadle also play a very prominent role (...) The text refers to two Ahmads's with the nickname 'Left-handed'. One is regularly presented as 'Ahmad Guray, the Somali' (...) identified as Ahmad Guray Xuseyn, chief of the Habr Magadle. Another reference, however, appears to
1214:
As the Isaaq grew in size and numbers during the 12th century, the clan-family migrated and spread from their core area in Mait (Maydh) and the wider Sanaag region in a southwestward expansion over a wide portion of present-day
Somaliland by the 15th and 16th centuries. By the 1300s the Isaaq clans
2056:
To strengthen these tribal stereotypes, historical anecdotes have been used: The
Garhajis were dominant leaders before and during the colonial period, and thus acquired intellectual and political superiority; Habr Awal dominance of the trade via Djibouti and Berbera is practically uncontested; and
1711:
Siyaad had a deep and personal dislike for the clan. The real reasons can only be guessed at, but in part it was due to his inability to control them. As accomplished business operatives, they had built a society that was not dependant on government largesse. The Isaaq had traditional trade
339:
There are also numerous existing hagiographies in Arabic which describe Sheikh Ishaaq's travels, works and overall life in modern
Somaliland, as well as his movements in Arabia before his arrival. Besides historical sources, one of the more recent printed biographies of Sheikh Ishaaq is the
1712:
relationships with the nations of the Arabian Peninsula that continued despite the attempts of the government to center all economic activity in Mogadishu. Siyaad did what he could, however, and Isaaq traders were forced to make the long trip to Mogadishu for permits and licenses.
4041:
1916:
There is clear agreement on the tribe and sub-tribe structures that has not changed for a long time. The oldest recorded genealogy of a Somali in Western literature was by Sir Richard Burton in the mid–19th century regarding his Isaaq (Habr Yunis) host and the governor of
2722:, British-Somali politician, agronomist and economist, who is currently serving as the Minister of Finance of Somaliland. Shire formerly served as the Foreign Minister of Somaliland. He also served as the Minister of Planning and National Development of Somaliland.
1696:, and the Sudan, enabling the Isaaq to maintain a variety of contacts across the British Empire. The Isaaq clan-family became the first Somalis to actually reside abroad, in western Europe or its colonial outposts, where they socialized in two different cultures.
1268:
2053:, a symbol of leadership; Awal receives the sheikh's wealth; and Ahmed (Tolja'ele) inherits his sword. The story is intended to depict the Garhajis's proclivity for politics, the Habr Awal's mercantile prowess, and the Habr Je'lo's bellicosity.
2046:
Stereotypes among the Isaaq subtribes go a long way to explaining each subtribes role in Somaliland. In one exemplified folklore tale, Sheikh Ishaaq's three eldest sons split their father's inheritance among themselves. Garhajis receives his
1259:
link the Habr Magadle with the Marrehan. The other Ahmad is simply referred to as 'Imam Ahmad' or simply the 'Imam'.This Ahmad is not qualified by the adjective Somali (...) The two Ahmad's have been conflated into one figure, the heroic
1667:
port, passing through the Laba Gardai or Bah Lardis pass located within the range. The powerful Habr Je'lo clan has historically acted as the guardians of this pass, receiving dues in exchange for guaranteed safety through Buur Dhaab:
1736:. The entire livestock exports accounted to upwards of 90% of the Somali Republic's entire export figures in a given year, and Berbera's exports alone provided over 75% of the nation's recorded foreign currency income at the time.
4390:
2474:, former Police Commissioner of the Somali Democratic Republic, Secretary of Interior, Minister of Labor and Social Affairs, Minister of Local Government and Rural Development, Minister of Transportation, and Minister of Interior.
4133:
1357:
confederation with the Eidagale, and Ishaaq Arreh subclan of the Habr Yunis remaining. In 1884–1886 the British signed treaties with the coastal subclans and had not yet penetrated the interior in any significant way. Sultan
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1447:
protectorate administration from 1884 to 1960. On gaining independence, the Somaliland protectorate decided to form a union with Italian Somalia. The Isaaq clan spearheaded the greater Somalia quest from 1960 to 1991.
4807:
1642:
as well as imported a significant amount of goods from both the Arabian coast and western Somali ports, reaching nearly 2 million rupees by 1903. The Habr Je’lo coastal settlements and ports, stretching from near
1655:), the principle Habr Je’lo port, being a major market for livestock and frankincense procured from the interior, and was a favorite for livestock traders due to the close proximity of the port to Aden. The
5418:
6007:
1760:
In the Isaaq clan, component sub-clans are divided into two uterine divisions, as shown in the genealogy. The first division is between those lineages descended from sons of Sheikh Ishaaq by a
4841:
3121:'Ogsadey', Somali business tycoon based in Ethiopia, where he established MAO Harar Horse, the first African corporation to export coffee and amassed a net worth of approximately $ 3 Billion
4351:
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4111:
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4140:
1672:
The Habr Toljaala are a powerful tribe, and make it a point of honour that caravans shall have safe passage through their country, and they receive a part of the dues for this purpose.
1346:
age. Guled was crowned the as the first Sultan of the Isaaq clan in July 1750. Sultan Guled thus ruled the Isaaq up until his death in 1839, where he was succeeded by his eldest son
5744:
5796:
4007:
1341:
clan. His coronation took place after the victorious battle of Lafaruug in which his father, a religious mullah Abdi Eisa successfully led the Isaaq in battle and defeated the
1226:, The Habr Magadle division (Ayoub, Garhajis, Habr Awal and Arap) of the Isaaq were mentioned in chronicles of that war written by Shihab Al-Din Ahmad Al-Gizany known as Futuh
2256:, Former President of Somaliland from June 2010 to December 2017, fourth and longest-serving Chairman of the Somali National Movement, and former Chairman of the Kulmiye Party
4308:
4080:
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and formerly Reserve Area which is mainly inhabited by the Isaaq residents. A subclan of the Habr Yunis, the Damal Muse (also known as the Dir Rooble), also inhabit the
1676:
Starting in the middle of the 19th century, Isaaq clans became more connected to the European commercial world as historic ties between southern Somali towns along the
5387:
1638:
before continuing westwards along the Somali coast. Heis, in addition to being a leading exporter of tanned skins also exported a large quantity of skins and sheep to
1435:
in the first year of the movement's foundation, with the sultan inciting an insurrection in Hargeisa in 1900 as well as supplying the Mullah with vital information.
4103:
1500:'s troops (which also included armed Somali refugees from Ethiopia); the death toll has been estimated to be between 50,000 and 250,000. After the collapse of the
5895:
4205:
3809:
1772:– the Habr Magaadle. Indeed, most of the largest subtribes of the tribal-ethnic group are in fact uterine alliances hence the matronymic "Habr" which in archaic
5409:
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3888:
6015:
5826:
4621:
1387:
of the Habr Yunis being fundamental in the inception of the movement. Sultan Nur was the principle agitator that rallied the dervish behind his anti-French
5514:
3552:
Somalia and the World: Proceedings of the International Symposium Held in Mogadishu on the Tenth Anniversary of the Somali Revolution, October 15–21, 1979
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2345:
5919:
4837:
2360:
4025:
2940:
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365:(a collection of glorious deeds). His Siyaara or pilgrimage is performed annually both within Somaliland and in the diaspora particularly in the
2662:
Aden Ahmed Dube of the Isaaq, Habr-Yonis tribe, great poems aroused envy in Raage Ugaz, and infrequently, bloody wars and irreconcilable enmity.
4235:
3154:, first female Foreign Minister of Somaliland, has been called "The Muslim Mother Teresa" for her charity work and activism for women and girls
978:
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2821:, Somali linguist and historian who reformed the Somali Wadaad script and immensely contributed to the creation of the Somali Latin script
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skills without firm commitments to anyone else. As the Isaaq became more international and cosmopolitan, their commercial success and
2627:, legendary and beloved poet and pioneer for many Somali poetry/music genres, specifically romance and is dubbed the "King of Romance
1526:
aroused suspicion and jealousy, notably among rural Darod who disliked Isaaq self-confidence and made them the target of stereotypes.
6069:
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5454:
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4893:
Correspondence respecting the Rising of Mullah Muhammed Abdullah in Somaliland, and consequent military operations,1899–1901.pp.4–5.
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4035:
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3512:
2755:
4298:
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3711:
5015:
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1692:. Isaaq trade and migration patterns were skewed by British imperial control of Aden more toward Europe and colonies like India,
1467:(1964-6), both belonging to the Isaaq clan, served as the president of the National Assembly, while a notable Isaaq member named
4268:
3087:
which is one of the fastest growing money transfer company in the world and he's considered 7th most influential man in Britain.
2379:
in 1974 during his term Foreign Minister of Somalia from 1969 to 1977. Former president of UN Security Council, teacher and poet
5945:
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4704:
4374:
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2944:
2736:
1174:
320:
Somali genealogical tradition places the origin of the Isaaq tribe in the 12th or 13th century with the arrival of the Sheikh
3343:
2214:
1489:
5629:
5460:
5236:
4952:
4741:
4551:
3946:
3254:, Norwegian-Somalian association footballer currently playing in the Tippeligaen for Tromsø IL. He plays as a Center Forward
1538:, which was the chief port and settlement of Habr Awal clan during the early modern period. The clan had strong ties to the
4974:
1067:, accounting for 20% of Djibouti's population. The Isaaq are estimated to number 3-4 million according to a 2015 estimate.
2557:
2529:
2386:
1452:
4902:
Official history of the operations in Somaliland, 1901–04 by Great Britain. War Office. General Staff Published 1907.p.56
4524:
4442:
302:. He is said to have sired eight sons who are the common ancestors of the clans of the Isaaq clan-family. He remained in
5532:
Country Information and Policy Unit, Home Office, Great Britain, Somalia Assessment 2001, Annex B: Somali Clan Structure
2968:
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2278:
403:
The Isaaq have a very wide and densely populated traditional territory and make up 80% of Somaliland's population, and
5941:
5873:
4875:
Foreign Department-External-B, August 1899, N. 33-234, NAI, New Delhi, Inclosure 2 in No. 1. And inclosure 3 in No. 1.
4417:
4172:
3571:
3390:, is one of the tallest men in the world, at 2.32 m (7 ft 7 1⁄2 in). He has the largest hand span of anyone alive
3204:
2943:
Mohamed Farah Dalmar Yusuf "Mohamed Ali", Somali military commander and revolutionary known for his leadership within
2156:
6037:
4725:
Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society: Official Publication of the Coryndon Memorial Museum Vol.17 p. 76
3880:
3077:(b. 1963), Award-winning Somali entrepreneur who has launched several multimillion-dollar projects in Kampala, Uganda
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2402:
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1468:
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5004:. The European Association of Somali Studies & School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS). pp. 21–22.
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2168:
1707:, who disliked the Isaaq clan-family due to their financial independence, thus making it harder to control them:
1618:
clan of the Isaaq derived a large supply of frankincense from the trees south in the mountains near port town of
1408:
1380:
5511:
3191:, gender activist and first Somali British to be awarded Member of British Empire (MBE) for community work in UK
3185:- One of the original founders of the Somali National Movement and served as the movement's first vice-chairman.
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clan of the Isaaq have a rich mercantile history largely due to their possession of the major Somali port of
4691:
3230:, British long-distance runner and the most successful British track athlete in modern Olympic Games history
2920:
2789:
2771:
2767:
2586:, British long-distance runner and the most successful British track athlete in modern Olympic Games history
2534:
2433:
2427:
2413:
2263:
5909:
3550:
3442:
3331:
3090:
2935:- foremost Somali intellectual and scholar who founded the Somali Studies International Association (SSIA)
2907:
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2495:
2486:
2458:
2253:
2115:
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united to defend their inhabited territories and resources during clan conflicts against migrating clans.
5483:
A pastoral democracy: a study of pastoralism and politics among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa
5446:
A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa
4553:
A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa
3669:
A pastoral democracy: a study of pastoralism and politics among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa
1663:
region has also historically acted as a junction for trade caravans coming from the east on their way to
6064:
3978:
3335:
2843:
2562:
2339:
2315:
964:
492:
6008:"Somaliland: Prominent Somali Journalist, Ahmed Hasan Awke Passes Away in Jigjiga | SomalilandInformer"
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2706:
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2669:, was an eloquent and witty improviser, and even better known under the name of Mohammed Liban Giader.
5123:"The Trade of the Gulf of Aden Ports of Africa in the Early Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries"
3415:
3295:
3261:
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3033:
2798:
2691:, Economist, Former Permanent Representative of Ethiopia to the United Nations, 2001–2004. Leader of
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1651:(Xiis) in the east, were important to trade and communication with the Somali interior, with Kurrum (
1523:
1484:. The Isaaq began to face political and economic marginalization and in response, they organized the
1464:
1299:
1186:
3108:
1554:
Mohammed. The Habr Awal merchants had extensive trade relations with Arab and Indian merchants from
1451:
The Isaaq played a massive role to push for unification and independence. They selected to join the
3238:, British 4 time Olympic gold medalist and the most decorated athlete in British athletics history.
3182:
3161:
2853:
2794:
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2471:
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1922:
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2281:, Speaker of the House of Representatives of Somaliland and the Chairman of Wadani political party
6074:
5889:
5698:
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3803:
3727:
3703:
3365:
3039:
1517:
to tribal slang terms such as "iidoor", an enviable pejorative roughly meaning trader/exchanger:
1444:
1219:
2395:, foreign minister of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia from mid-2006 to early 2007
1333:
of the Isaaq Sultanate was established in the middle of the 18th century by Sultan Guled of the
5974:
5350:
5312:
4864:
The encyclopædia britannica: a dictionary of arts, sciences, literature and general information
1306:
during the 18th and 19th centuries and spanned the territories of the Isaaq clan in modern-day
5865:
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5690:
5531:
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4703:
Michigan State University. African Studies Center, Northeast African studies, Volumes 11–12, (
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merchants would visit Habr Je'lo ports early in the season to get these goods cheaper than at
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1158:
1135:
1004:
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325:
3610:] (in Italian). Firenze: Dipartimento di linguistica, Università di Firenze. p. 72.
3036:– Former Deputy Prime Minister of Somalia and Former Minister of Religious Affairs of Somalia
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1988:
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1424:
1200:
An illustration depicting a Somali woman of the Isaaq clan published in Bilder-Atlas in 1870
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321:
315:
283:
149:
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1699:
The Isaaq affinity for mercantilism was not lost on the sole president and dictator of the
1419:. These two sub-tribes were able to purchase advanced weapons and successfully resist both
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region, and form a majority of the population inhabiting the western and central areas of
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Somali Maritime History and Regional Sub-cultures: A Neglected Theme of the Somali Crisis
5002:
Somali Maritime History and Regional Sub-Cultures: A Neglected Theme of the Somali Crisis
4838:"Maxaad ka taqaana Saldanada Ugu Faca Weyn Beesha Isaaq oo Tirsata 300 sanno ku dhawaad?"
3042:
religious scholar and founder of Somaliland's first Islamic party in the mid 20th century
2807:- Prominent 20th Century tribal chief and commander of the Hagoogane raid that destroyed
2678:
Abdi Iidan Farah, 20th century Somali poet who wrote about Somali independence and camels
5046:
4884:
Sun, Sand and Somals – Leaves from the Note-Book of a District Commissioner.By H. Rayne,
4716:
The Journal of The anthropological institute of Great Britain and Ireland| Vol.21 p. 161
4104:"Report on the Fact-finding Mission to Somalia and Kenya (27 October – 7 November 1997)"
336:.Hence, Sheikh Ishaaq married two local women in Somaliland, which left him with eight.
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Ethnographie Nordost-Afrikas: Die Materielle Cultur Der Danakil, Galla Und Somal, 1893
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2010:
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2649:- legendary warrior and poet and was the grandson of the 1st Isaaq Sultan Guled Abdi
2633:- legendary warrior and poet and was the grandson of the 1st Isaaq Sultan Guled Abdi
1350:
full brother of Yuusuf and Du'ale, all from Guled's fourth wife Ambaro Me'ad Gadid.
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country, especially in Cardiff, Sheffield, Bristol and eastern London boroughs like
376:
language that the Isaaq speak has the highest prestige of any other Somali dialect.
5914:
4240:
2973:
2884:
2745:
2709:, Somali Politician and Economists expert. He was former presidential candidate of
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1998:
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139:
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Insurgent fragmentation in the Horn of Africa : rebellion and its discontents
5724:
Bollettino della Società geografica italiana By Società geografica italiana. 1893.
4665:
The Horn Engaging the Gulf Economic Diplomacy and Statecraft in Regional Relations
3160:– legendary Somali politician, lawyer and key figure in independence struggle and
1894:
1779:
1764:
woman – the Habr Habuusheed – and those descended from sons of Sheikh Ishaaq by a
1459:. During the civilian government from 1960 to 1969, they held dominant positions.
1267:
732:
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1622:. This trade was lucrative and with gum and skins being traded in high quantity,
1051:, where the Ishaakia make up a large percentage of the Kenyan population, and in
344:
of Sheikh Husseen bin Ahmed Darwiish al-Isaaqi as-Soomaali, which was printed in
4978:
4269:"Cardiff becomes only second UK council to recognise the Republic of Somaliland"
4004:
Somalia: Information on the ethnic composition in Gabiley (Gebiley) in 1987–1988
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2999:
2477:
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1936:
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The road to hell: the ravaging effects of foreign aid and international charity
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person in the world with an estimated net worth of 1.8 billion US Dollars.
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began and this struggle movement forced the Isaaq clan to become a victim to a
5869:
5797:"BREAKING: Ibrahim Dheere Tycoon passes away in Djibouti | SomalilandInformer"
3974:
Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups around the World
3795:
3471:
Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups around the World
3347:
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3134:
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3056:
3021:
Sheikh Mohamed Sheikh Omar Dirir - Prominent religious scholar and businessman
2837:
2761:
2748:, fourth Grand Sultan of Isaaq, recognised for being a wise and astute leader.
2710:
2605:, known as 'Timacade', a famous poet during the pre- and post-colonial periods
2364:
2310:
2267:
2218:
2124:
2106:
1928:
1845:
1769:
1704:
1656:
1580:
1542:
and Emirs would hold Habr Awal merchants in their court with high esteem with
1505:
1497:
1481:
1412:
1323:
1307:
1248:
1182:
1162:
1123:
1071:
1064:
919:
889:
762:
647:
620:
568:
504:
333:
295:
291:
174:
95:
90:
5715:
Bollettino della Società geografica italiana. ... 1893 (ser.3, vol. 5). p.372
5694:
4333:
Return Migration and Nation Building in Africa: Reframing the Somali Diaspora
3945:. Research Directorate, Immigration and Refugee Board, Canada. 1 March 1990.
3444:
Consider Somaliland: State-Building with Traditional Leaders and Institutions
3179:
in London, former deputy chairman of SNM, first vice president of Somaliland.
2834:, Somali musician, poet and playwright; known as the "Father of Somali music"
2389:
and the Deputy Prime Minister of Somalia from 20 July 2011 to 4 November 2012
2232:, Somali musician, poet and playwright; known as the "Father of Somali music"
4337:
3625:
3409:
3393:
3208:
3194:
3012:
2977:
2801:
and later the commander of the military wing of the Somali National Movement
2666:
2652:
2636:
2177:
1957:
1952:
1794:
1717:
1564:
1531:
1392:
1272:
1236:
1143:
1110:. The Isaaq also have a large presence in the western and northern parts of
929:
899:
881:
876:
871:
812:
767:
556:
546:
499:
5949:
5849:
4764:"Taariikhda Beerta Suldaan Cabdilaahi ee Hargeysa | Somalidiasporanews.com"
4134:"Beyond Fragility: A Conflict and Education Analysis of the Somali Context"
3775:
1019:
of Ethiopia, mainly on the eastern side of Somali Region also known as the
6029:
3364:
world affairs correspondent, In September 2006, he moved to a new post at
2275:, last Somali National Movement chairman and First President of Somaliland
1480:
became politically powerful under the leadership of the military dictator
361:(birthday) is also celebrated every Thursday with a public reading of his
61:
17:
3601:
3369:
3235:
3227:
2981:
2915:
2700:
2583:
2570:
2410:, Chairman of the For Justice and Development party of Somaliland (UCID).
2356:
2325:
2306:
2241:
2145:
2128:
2119:
2110:
2069:
2003:
1993:
1850:
1839:
1689:
1677:
1588:
1338:
1334:
1319:
1311:
1244:
1240:
1127:
1099:
1075:
1052:
1044:
1000:
939:
854:
789:
737:
713:
573:
563:
516:
511:
482:
463:
184:
128:
123:
117:
112:
5138:
5122:
4594:
4578:
3307:
2057:
Habr Je’lo military prowess is cited in accounts of previous conflicts.
5702:
3421:
3292:
3220:
3112:
2814:
2614:
2608:
2576:
2544:
2481:
2453:
2375:, former Prime Minister of Somalia 1991–1993. Brought Somalia into the
2137:
1975:
1901:
1820:
1800:
1721:
1664:
1631:
1584:
1535:
1477:
1472:
1222:(1529–1543, referred to as the "Conquest of Abyssinia") in the army of
1190:
1147:
1107:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1028:
909:
861:
841:
779:
772:
757:
727:
708:
674:
637:
632:
602:
597:
443:
397:
384:
106:
101:
4197:
2735:, more commonly known as "Mohamed Ali", high-ranking commander of the
294:
in the 12th or 13th century and married two women; one from the local
282:
The Isaaq people claim in a traditional legend to have descended from
5670:
4414:
Muslims in the diaspora: the Somali communities of London and Toronto
3169:– anti-colonial ideologue and founder of the first Somali Association
3102:
2948:
2872:
2187:
2049:
2033:
1887:
1776:
means "mother". This is illustrated in the following clan structure.
1729:
1644:
1568:
1555:
1551:
1342:
1155:
1103:
1008:
924:
866:
824:
799:
794:
752:
742:
701:
669:
662:
627:
357:
229:
205:
5686:
5592:
4472:(1. print ed.). Lawrenceville, NJ: Red Sea Press. p. 251.
1443:
The Isaaq people along with other northern Somali tribes were under
4236:"When is a nation not a nation? Somaliland's dream of independence"
3603:
Studi sulla letteratura agiografica islamica somala in lingua araba
2980:
tariqa and influential figure in the early growth and expansion of
2065:
1732:
in the interior being home to the largest livestock markets in the
5818:
3306:
3219:
3128:
2938:
2813:
2575:
2466:
2343:
2224:
2141:
2064:
2038:
1918:
1900:
1778:
1743:
1725:
1693:
1681:
1635:
1623:
1608:
1576:
1400:
1266:
1231:
1195:
1139:
1079:
1048:
1024:
992:
894:
834:
829:
819:
718:
686:
681:
642:
472:
448:
436:
383:
352:
329:
303:
287:
210:
67:
5051:(1st ed.). Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans. p. 238.
4911:
Official History of the Operations in Somaliland, Volume 1. p. 41
3688:. Islam, Community and Authority in the Indian Ocean, 1839–1937.
3027:, Sultan of the Habr Yunis and one of the founders of the Somali
2416:, former Foreign Minister of Somalia and MP in Federal Parliament
2713:
2640:
2292:
2160:
1969:
1813:
1685:
1660:
1639:
1604:
1596:
1151:
1020:
536:
345:
179:
5108:
The Colonial Magazine and Commercial-maritime Journal, Volume 2
3068:) – renowned Somali entrepreneur and founder and former CEO of
2923:- Literary scholar and discoverer of the Somali prosodic system
1353:
By the early 1880s the Isaaq Sultanate had been reduced to the
3539:, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), pp. 31 & 42
3361:
1592:
32:
This article is about the Somali clan. For the Sultanate, see
5311:
War-torn Societies Project; WSP Transition Programme (2005).
1094:– are all predominantly Isaaq. They exclusively dominate the
279:, with a large and densely populated traditional territory.
5522:, January 2005, Appendix 2, Lineage Charts, p. 55 Figure A-1
3881:"Qabaa'ilka Soomaalidu ma isbahaysi baa, mise waa dhalasho?"
3111:, considered to be the first Somali billionaire and richest
1391:
campaign that would become the cause of the dervish uprise.
1043:
subclan of Isaaq. The Isaaqs also have large settlements in
355:, and is the scene of frequent pilgrimages. Sheikh Ishaaq's
4787:
4785:
4740:. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1986. p. 34.
4299:"Somaliland Hails British Step Forward in Independence Bid"
3608:
Studies on Somali Islamic hagiographic literature in Arabic
3203:– Somali-British activist and politician who served as the
5910:"Mo Farah's family cheers him on from Somaliland village"
4526:
Saints and Somalis: Popular Islam in a Clan-based Society
3685:
Claims to Community: Mosques, Cemeteries and the Universe
1508:
declared independence from Somalia as a separate nation.
1074:. The populations of five largest cities in Somaliland –
5352:
A Self-portrait of Somaliland: Rebuilding from the Ruins
5094:
The Merchants' Magazine and Commercial Review, Volume 34
4376:
Somali, Muslim, British: Striving in Securitized Britain
3360:, Somali-British journalist and writer. He used to be a
1716:
Nevertheless, in the 1970s and 1980s, nearly all of the
1395:
of the Habr Je'lo was the highest ranking Dervish after
1055:, where the Isaaq is the fourth largest group after the
1322:
clan and is the pre-colonial predecessor to the modern
275:. It is one of the largest Somali clan families in the
5166:
Sessional papers Inventory control record 1, Volume 92
5064:
The Modern History of Somaliland: from Nation to State
2840:, popular musician in Djibouti, Somaliland and Somalia
1275:
on the left with his brother-in-law Duale Idris (1892)
6030:"Afar arrimood ka ogow marxuum majaajileyste Sooraan"
5355:. Somaliland Centre for Peace and Development. 1999.
4198:"Member Profile Somaliland: Government of Somaliland"
3915:(in German). Springer-Verlag. 1957. pp. 71, 75.
3499:
Blood and Bone: The Call of Kinship in Somali Society
3133:
Abdirashid Duale, Somali entrepreneur and the CEO of
66:
The tomb of Ishaaq, the father of the Isaaq clan, in
5622:
Mohamed Yusuf Hassan, Roberto Balducci, ed. (1993).
5562:"Case Study of a Grassroots Peace Making Initiative"
5191:
Britain), Royal Geographical Society (Great (1893).
4866:, Volume 25, (At the University press: 1911), p.383.
3589:(Fourth ed.). Oxford: James Currey. p. 22.
3418:, Somali professor, journalist and documentary maker
3322:, Somali journalist and broadcaster, veteran of the
2672:
Aden Ahmed Dube "Gabay Xoog" circa 1821 –1916, poet.
2489:, former military officer and vice president of the
1181:. In Canada the Isaaq form large communities in the
4066:
Somaliland: With Addis Ababa & Eastern Ethiopia
1407:. The Isaaq tribes most well known for joining the
235:
221:
163:
155:
145:
84:
74:
41:
4027:Eritrea and Ethiopia: From Conflict to Cooperation
3496:
2875:– English YouTuber, musician, host and entertainer
2675:Abdiwaasa' Hasan Ali Araale Guleid, wellknown poet
2537:, served twice as the Foreign Minister of Somalia.
2480:– Minister of Information, Culture and Tourism of
2324:, Former Minister of Communication and Culture in
1563:various goods procured from the interior, such as
5016:"Piece of Berbera History: Reer Ahmed Nuh Ismail"
4808:"Taariikhda Saldanada Reer Guuleed Ee Somaliland"
3824:"Somaliland between clans and November elections"
2291:from 2002 until 2010. and the second chairman of
5411:Somalia: A Government at War with Its Own People
3939:"Somalia: Information on the Issa and the Issaq"
3850:"Abtirsi.com : Damal "Dir Roble" Muse Arre"
2929:, prominent Somali ethnomathematician and author
5314:Rebuilding Somaliland: Issues and Possibilities
4589:. Istituto per l'Oriente C. A. Nallino: 21–38.
4102:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.
3682:Reese, Scott S. (2018). "Claims to Community".
3649:
3647:
3474:. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. pp. 184–185.
2881:– famous Somali singer, songwriter and composer
2342:, former United Nations Under-Secretary General
2186:, prominent anti-colonial figure and 5th Grand
1724:via Isaaq livestock traders, with the towns of
1670:
328:. Sheikh Ishaaq settled in the coastal town of
5285:Regulating the Livestock Economy of Somaliland
4206:Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
2611:, legendary Somali poet and political activist
2528:- Somaliland politician and introducer of the
1427:for many years. The fourth Isaaq Grand Sultan
1294:, the Isaaq established successor states, the
5081:. Institute of Ethiopian Studies. p. 45.
972:
8:
4444:Why Somalia does not get the right direction
3879:Mataan, Asad Cabdullahi (28 November 2012).
3377:– news anchor for ABC's Good Morning America
2426:July 1960, July 1967– November 1969; former
5288:. Academy for Peace and Development. 2002.
4924:. H.M. Stationery Office. 1901. p. 65.
4166:"EASO Country of Origin Information Report"
2764:, wise sage and commander of the Habr Yunis
2639:, a famous warrior, poet and sultan of the
2211:, 9th and current Grand Sultan of the Isaaq
1015:). The Isaaq have large settlements in the
5894:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
5079:Journal of Ethiopian Studies Vol. 3, No. 1
4935:Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (25 February 2003).
4922:Parliamentary Papers: 1850-1908, Volume 48
3808:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2442:, former Deputy Prime Minister of Somalia.
1379:The Isaaq also played a major role in the
979:
965:
405:
60:
5848:Woldemariam, Michael (15 February 2018).
5512:Conflict in Somalia: Drivers and Dynamics
5417:. Human Rights Watch. 1990. p. 213.
4806:Guure (Aboor), Ibraahim-rashiid Cismaan.
4001:Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada,
3657:(Cambridge University Press.: 1962), p.45
2914:writer, scholar, linguist, historian and
2754:, high-ranking SNM commander and current
1933:Conflict in Somalia: Drivers and Dynamics
1411:were from the eastern tribes such as the
1218:The Isaaq played a prominent role in the
1138:. They also live in the northeast of the
1070:The Isaaq tribe are the largest group in
5380:"CLASS AND POWER IN A STATELESS SOMALIA"
5164:Great Britain, House of Commons (1905).
3531:
3529:
3527:
2967:, Somali religious leader who waged the
2621:; also known as the "Somali Shakespeare"
2502:from 3 September 1990 to 24 January 1991
1927:The following listing is taken from the
4795:. Eyre and Spottiswoode (London). 1896.
4737:Sub-Saharan Africa Report, Issues 57–67
4623:Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288–1982
3433:
2665:Mohammed Liban from the Isaaq tribe of
2556:- Current Deputy Prime Minister of the
1768:woman of the Magaadle sub-tribe of the
1688:were being reoriented southward toward
1106:region, including the regional capital
426:
5887:
5568:. UNDP Emergencies Unit for Ethiopia.
5186:
5184:
4630:] (in French). KARTHALA Editions.
4628:Historic dictionary of Afar: 1288–1982
4441:Abdi, Mohameddeq Ali (19 April 2022).
4216:from the original on 16 September 2023
3801:
3735:
3725:
3314:, British-Somali journalist and writer
2866:– Somali novelist. Winner of the 2010
38:
5751:from the original on 22 February 2019
5555:
5553:
5551:
5549:
5547:
5485:, (LIT Verlag Münster: 1999), p. 157.
5424:from the original on 17 February 2017
5224:
5222:
5220:
4770:from the original on 19 February 2021
4504:from the original on 25 February 2024
4447:. BoD – Books on Demand. p. 25.
4379:. Taylor & Francis. p. 106.
3966:
3964:
3949:from the original on 16 February 2023
3860:from the original on 28 February 2024
3175:, one of the founding fathers of the
3055:, Somali entrepreneur and the CEO of
2887:, Somali singer and cultural activist
1720:exports went out through the port of
1366:master of Hargeisa and its environs.
298:. and the other from the neighboring
7:
6040:from the original on 31 October 2021
5985:from the original on 9 February 2019
5922:from the original on 2 November 2019
5829:from the original on 2 November 2019
5572:from the original on 20 January 2022
5560:Dr. Ahmed Yusuf Farah, Matt Bryden.
5168:. HM Stationery Office. p. 385.
5145:from the original on 23 October 2021
5026:from the original on 2 November 2019
4311:from the original on 3 February 2024
4114:from the original on 19 October 2020
3891:from the original on 27 October 2021
3655:Journal of African history, Volume 3
3632:from the original on 4 November 2021
3441:Renders, Marleen (27 January 2012).
3101:who was wrongfully convicted of the
3015:, one of the founders of the Somali
2891:Shamis Abokor Ismail (Guduudo Carwo)
2518:- Somaliland politician and former
2436:, former Foreign Minister of Somalia
2333:- First Minister of Defence for the
1314:. The sultanate was governed by the
5213:. Royal Geographical Society. 1898.
4373:Liberatore, Giulia (29 June 2017).
4279:from the original on 2 October 2022
3971:Minahan, James B. (1 August 2016).
3919:from the original on 18 August 2023
3714:from the original on 3 January 2022
3653:Roland Anthony Oliver, J. D. Fage,
3468:Minahan, James B. (1 August 2016).
3368:, and as of 2017 is currently with
3346:, former presidential spokesman of
2603:Abdillahi Suldaan Mohammed Timacade
1935:from 2005 and the United Kingdom's
264:
5745:"Somalia: Education in Transition"
5632:from the original on 26 March 2017
5390:from the original on 16 March 2021
4601:from the original on 28 April 2021
4579:"The Galla in Northern Somaliland"
4083:from the original on 25 April 2023
3671:. LIT Verlag Münster. p. 131.
2693:Ethiopian Somali Democratic League
2617:, poet and philosopher; author of
2217:, the current Grand sultan of the
2072:, notable contemporary Somali poet
1783:Warriors of the Habr Awal subtribe
1550:'s court and discussions with the
1399:, he died valiantly defending the
25:
5876:from the original on 10 July 2020
4844:from the original on 7 April 2023
4529:. The Red Sea Press. p. 94.
4330:Galipo, Adele (8 November 2018).
4248:from the original on 16 July 2023
3406:, famous Somali stand-up comedian
5669:Middleton, John (October 1965).
5603:from the original on 27 May 2023
5463:from the original on 22 May 2024
5359:from the original on 22 May 2024
5331:from the original on 22 May 2024
5292:from the original on 22 May 2024
5239:from the original on 22 May 2024
4955:from the original on 22 May 2024
4941:. Scarecrow Press. p. 122.
4938:Historical Dictionary of Somalia
4744:from the original on 22 May 2024
4644:from the original on 22 May 2024
4393:from the original on 22 May 2024
4354:from the original on 22 May 2024
4267:Mosalski, Ruth (26 March 2015).
4044:from the original on 22 May 2024
3830:from the original on 9 June 2023
3416:Hussein Mohammed Adam "Tanzania"
2933:Hussein Mohammed Adam (Tanzania)
2788:, current Chief of Staff of the
2779:, high ranking commander of the
2549:Transitional National Government
1471:served as the Prime Minister of
1118:sub-clan of Isaaq living in the
1031:. The Habarnoosa, a clan of the
991:live in all of its six regions (
409:
133:
122:
111:
100:
89:
5946:Football Association of Finland
4705:Michigan State University Press
3777:Africa. 2018-2019, 53rd edition
3105:of Lily Volpert on 6 March 1952
2945:Western Somali Liberation Front
2770:, former Chief of Staff of the
2609:Mohamed Hashi Dhamac (Gaarriye)
2401:, former vice-president of the
2196:– 8th Grand Sultan of the Isaaq
2153:, 2nd Grand Sultan of the Isaaq
2136:, major trader and governor of
2097:, 1st Grand Sultan of the Isaaq
2091:, 5th Grand Sultan of the Isaaq
2085:, 4th Grand Sultan of the Isaaq
1546:noting their influence in Emir
1290:Long after the collapse of the
1243:(right) chiefs photographed in
1146:sub-clan being centered around
5659:Survey of China Mainland Press
5497:First Footsteps in East Africa
5048:First Footsteps in East Africa
5000:Geshekter, Charles L. (1993).
3826:. New Internationalist. 2017.
3774:Wiafe-Amoako, Francis (2018).
3587:A Modern History of the Somali
3537:A Modern History of the Somali
2959:Religious leaders and scholars
2727:Military leaders and personnel
2215:Sultan Osman Sultan Ali Koshin
1490:Somaliland War of Independence
1:
5854:. Cambridge, United Kingdom.
5625:Somalia: le radici del futuro
4494:"The great Somali migrations"
3756:Somali Sounds and Inflections
3503:. The Red Sea Press. p.
3400:, art historian and presenter
3070:Indhadeero Group of Companies
2850:instrumentalist and vocalist.
2558:Federal Government of Somalia
2530:National emblem of Somaliland
1488:to over his regime. Thus the
1453:Trust Territory of Somaliland
1134:and the very western part of
1130:lives in the eastern part of
5628:. Il passaggio. p. 33.
5495:Burton. F., Richard (1856).
5127:Journal of Ethiopian Studies
4412:Berns MacGown, Rima (1999).
2969:1945 Sheikh Bashir Rebellion
2860:instrumentalist and vocalist
2526:Abdullahi Abdi Omar "Jawaan"
2516:Abdilahi Husein Iman Darawal
2289:Vice-President of Somaliland
2279:Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi
1504:in 1991 the Isaaq-dominated
1039:Zone claim descent from the
290:who purportedly traveled to
5121:Pankhurst, Richard (1965).
4556:. James Currey Publishers.
4468:Ahmed, Ali J., ed. (1995).
4418:University of Toronto Press
4014:, 1 April 1996, SOM23518.E
3780:. Lanham, MD. p. 238.
3572:University of Toronto Press
3566:Berns McGown, Rima (1999).
3424:, famous actor and comedian
2157:Sultan Mohamed Sultan Farah
2103:, 3rd Grand Sultan of Isaaq
351:Sheikh Ishaaq's tomb is in
332:in modern-day northeastern
6091:
6012:www.somalilandinformer.com
5801:www.somalilandinformer.com
4690:, Volume 15, Issues 1–4, (
4583:Rassegna di Studi Etiopici
3912:Zeitschrift für Ethnologie
3690:Edinburgh University Press
2510:Somali Democratic Republic
2491:Somali Democratic Republic
2430:from May 1993 to May 2002.
2420:Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal
2403:Somali Democratic Republic
2318:, former mayor of Hargeisa
2299:Abdurrahman Mahmoud Aidiid
2163:clan and commander of the
1912:tribe photographed in 1890
1701:Somali Democratic Republic
1502:Somali Democratic Republic
1469:Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal
1283:
1224:Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi
313:
31:
5593:"The State in Somaliland"
5229:Geshekter, C. L. (1993).
3753:Pia, John Joseph (1968).
3600:Gori, Alessandro (2003).
3549:Adam, Hussein M. (1980).
3211:from May 2018 to May 2019
3197:, British social activist
2500:Prime Minister of Somalia
2424:Prime Minister of Somalia
2273:Abdirahman Ahmed Ali Tuur
369:among Isaaq expatriates.
59:
54:
6070:Somali clans in Ethiopia
5517:15 February 2020 at the
5262:. New York: Free Press.
5210:The Geographical Journal
5045:Burton, Richard (1856).
4793:Genealogies of the Somal
4470:The invention of Somalia
3761:Indiana University Press
3285:, Somali-Belgian athlete
3119:Mohammed Abdillahi Kahin
3002:, senior advisor to the
2989:, senior advisor to the
2953:Somali National Movement
2733:Mohamed Dalmar Yusuf Ali
2508:– Vice President of the
2174:Sultan Abdulrahman Deria
1486:Somali National Movement
1433:Muhammad Abdullah Hassan
1397:Mohammed Abdullah Hassan
5975:"#80 Said Ahmed, Ahmed"
5258:Maren, Michael (2009).
4663:Ylönen, Aleksi Ylönen.
4069:. Bradt Travel Guides.
4063:Briggs, Philip (2012).
3981:USA. pp. 184–185.
3708:10.3366/j.ctt1tqxt7c.10
3568:Muslims in the diaspora
3412:– well known clan elder
2921:Abdillahi Diiriye Guled
2790:Somaliland Armed Forces
2772:Somaliland Armed Forces
2768:Mohamed Hasan Abdullahi
2567:Minister of Agriculture
2535:Mohamed Abdullahi Omaar
2434:Mohamed Abdullahi Omaar
2428:President of Somaliland
2414:Fowsiyo Yusuf Haji Adan
1941:Somalia Assessment 2001
1431:exchanged letters with
392:banner derived from an
284:Sheikh Ishaaq bin Ahmed
150:Sheikh Ishaaq bin Ahmed
5819:"Somali Entrepreneurs"
5449:. LIT Verlag Münster.
5092:Hunt, Freeman (1856).
5077:Pankhurst, R. (1965).
5066:. Praeger. p. 35.
4692:Horn of Africa Journal
4620:Morin, Didier (2004).
3332:Somaliland National TV
3315:
3231:
3142:
3091:Mahmood Hussein Mattan
2955:
2908:Musa Haji Ismail Galal
2822:
2819:Musa Haji Ismail Galal
2587:
2496:Muhammad Hawadle Madar
2487:Mohamed Ainanshe Guled
2459:Abdirisaq Ibrahim Abdi
2368:
2254:Ahmed Mohamed Mohamoud
2233:
2184:Sultan Abdillahi Deria
2116:Deria Sugulleh Ainashe
2073:
1913:
1784:
1757:
1714:
1674:
1548:Ahmad III ibn Abu Bakr
1528:
1324:Republic of Somaliland
1276:
1265:
1251:
1201:
1150:and its environs. THE
400:
256:
5443:Lewis, I. M. (1999).
4862:Hugh Chisholm (ed.),
4812:Togdheer News Network
4577:Lewis, I. M. (1959).
4550:Lewis, I. M. (1999).
4523:Lewis, I. M. (1998).
4030:. The Red Sea Press.
4024:Tekle, Amare (1994).
3979:Bloomsbury Publishing
3667:Lewis, I. M. (1999).
3585:Lewis, I. M. (2002).
3495:Lewis, I. M. (1994).
3336:Horn Cable Television
3310:
3223:
3132:
3025:Sultan Nur Ahmed Aman
2942:
2844:Mohamed Mooge Liibaan
2826:Writers and musicians
2817:
2579:
2563:Hussein Mohamed Bashe
2359:and the first female
2347:
2340:Abdirahim Abbey Farah
2316:Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge
2309:, the capital of the
2228:
2068:
1904:
1782:
1747:
1709:
1519:
1270:
1256:
1235:
1199:
1114:region as well, with
387:
324:(Sheikh Ishaaq) from
314:Further information:
6018:on 16 February 2018.
5771:"Board of directors"
5566:www.africa.upenn.edu
5537:16 July 2011 at the
5194:Supplementary Papers
5062:Lewis, I.M. (1965).
4840:. 13 February 2021.
3246:long-distance runner
3034:Ridwan Hirsi Mohamed
2756:Minister of Interior
2695:(ESDL) party in the
2543:- Prime Minister of
2240:, 1st Sultan of the
2204:Habr Yunis Sultanate
2202:, 7th Sultan of the
2127:, 3rd Sultan of the
2118:, 2nd Sultan of the
2109:, 5th Sultan of the
1756:Isaaq in London 1955
1524:achievement ideology
1465:Ahmed Mohamed Obsiye
1405:RAF bombing campaign
1300:Habr Yunis Sultanate
1254:I. M. Lewis states:
5962:Kansallisuus: Suomi
5807:on 24 January 2018.
5235:. AAMH. p. 3.
5110:. 1840. p. 22.
4209:: 4. January 2017.
4010:22 May 2024 at the
3260:, an international
3183:Hassan Adan Wadadid
3162:Somali Youth League
3137:, an international
3083:, owner and CEO of
2854:Ahmed Mooge Liibaan
2795:Mohamed Hashi Lihle
2752:Mohamed Kahin Ahmed
2689:Abdul Majid Hussein
2472:Jama Mohamed Ghalib
2393:Ismail Mahmud Hurre
2387:Minister of Defence
2134:Sharmarke Ali Saleh
1923:Sharmarke Ali Saleh
1905:Dualeh Abdi of the
1560:Indian subcontinent
1461:Jama Mohamed Ghalib
905:Shiikhall Gendershe
372:The dialect of the
5942:"Ahmed Said Ahmed"
5918:. 10 August 2012.
5777:on 2 November 2019
5591:Kluijver, Robert.
5022:. 21 August 2015.
4818:on 11 January 2021
4498:www.britannica.com
3366:Al Jazeera English
3316:
3244:, Somali-Canadian
3232:
3143:
3040:Yasin Handule Wais
2956:
2846:, highly renowned
2823:
2720:Dr. Saad Ali Shire
2588:
2369:
2234:
2077:Royalty and rulers
2074:
1914:
1859:B. Habr Habuusheed
1785:
1758:
1494:genocidal campaign
1445:British Somaliland
1277:
1271:Dervish Commander
1252:
1220:Ethiopian-Adal War
1202:
401:
257:Reer Sheekh Isxaaq
45:Reer Sheekh Isxaaq
27:Somali clan family
5861:978-1-108-42325-0
5597:Sciences Po Paris
5324:978-1-56902-228-3
5317:. Red Sea Press.
4981:on 20 August 2017
4536:978-1-56902-103-3
4479:978-0-932415-99-8
4454:978-3-7543-5218-2
4427:978-0-8020-8281-7
4386:978-1-350-02773-2
4347:978-0-429-95713-0
4146:on 30 August 2018
4076:978-1-84162-371-9
3988:979-8-216-14892-0
3787:978-1-4758-4179-4
3699:978-0-7486-9765-6
3574:. pp. 27–28.
3481:979-8-216-14892-0
3454:978-90-04-22254-0
3404:Abdi Haybe Lambad
3396:, Swedish-Somali
3324:BBC World Service
3320:Ahmed Hassan Awke
3075:Amina Moghe Hersi
2868:Betty Trask Prize
2797:- Colonel of the
2707:Jamal Ali Hussein
2703:from 1995 to 2001
2506:Ismail Ali Abokor
2440:Mohamed Omar Arte
2408:Faysal Ali Warabe
2399:Ismail Ali Abokor
2383:Hussein Arab Isse
2373:Umar Arteh Ghalib
2367:from 2003 to 2006
2331:Ali Ismail Yacqub
2285:Ahmed Yusuf Yasin
2194:Mahamed Abdiqadir
1864:Ahmed (Tol Je’lo)
1159:Rabdhure District
1136:Las Anod district
989:
988:
935:Shiikhall Jasiira
306:until his death.
245:
244:
16:(Redirected from
6082:
6050:
6049:
6047:
6045:
6026:
6020:
6019:
6014:. Archived from
6004:
5998:
5997:
5992:
5990:
5971:
5965:
5964:
5959:
5957:
5952:on 28 March 2019
5948:. Archived from
5938:
5932:
5931:
5929:
5927:
5906:
5900:
5899:
5893:
5885:
5883:
5881:
5845:
5839:
5838:
5836:
5834:
5825:. 15 June 2017.
5815:
5809:
5808:
5803:. Archived from
5793:
5787:
5786:
5784:
5782:
5773:. Archived from
5767:
5761:
5760:
5758:
5756:
5741:
5735:
5731:
5725:
5722:
5716:
5713:
5707:
5706:
5666:
5660:
5657:
5651:
5650:Mogadishu memoir
5648:
5642:
5641:
5639:
5637:
5619:
5613:
5612:
5610:
5608:
5588:
5582:
5581:
5579:
5577:
5557:
5542:
5529:
5523:
5507:
5501:
5500:
5492:
5486:
5479:
5473:
5472:
5470:
5468:
5440:
5434:
5433:
5431:
5429:
5423:
5416:
5406:
5400:
5399:
5397:
5395:
5375:
5369:
5368:
5366:
5364:
5347:
5341:
5340:
5338:
5336:
5308:
5302:
5301:
5299:
5297:
5280:
5274:
5273:
5255:
5249:
5248:
5246:
5244:
5226:
5215:
5214:
5205:
5199:
5198:
5188:
5179:
5176:
5170:
5169:
5161:
5155:
5154:
5152:
5150:
5118:
5112:
5111:
5104:
5098:
5097:
5089:
5083:
5082:
5074:
5068:
5067:
5059:
5053:
5052:
5042:
5036:
5035:
5033:
5031:
5012:
5006:
5005:
4997:
4991:
4990:
4988:
4986:
4977:. Archived from
4971:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4960:
4932:
4926:
4925:
4918:
4912:
4909:
4903:
4900:
4894:
4891:
4885:
4882:
4876:
4873:
4867:
4860:
4854:
4853:
4851:
4849:
4834:
4828:
4827:
4825:
4823:
4814:. Archived from
4803:
4797:
4796:
4789:
4780:
4779:
4777:
4775:
4760:
4754:
4753:
4751:
4749:
4732:
4726:
4723:
4717:
4714:
4708:
4701:
4695:
4685:
4679:
4678:
4660:
4654:
4653:
4651:
4649:
4617:
4611:
4610:
4608:
4606:
4574:
4568:
4567:
4547:
4541:
4540:
4520:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4509:
4490:
4484:
4483:
4465:
4459:
4458:
4438:
4432:
4431:
4409:
4403:
4402:
4400:
4398:
4370:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4359:
4327:
4321:
4320:
4318:
4316:
4307:. 5 April 2014.
4304:Voice of America
4295:
4289:
4288:
4286:
4284:
4264:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4253:
4244:. 20 July 2018.
4232:
4226:
4225:
4223:
4221:
4215:
4202:
4194:
4188:
4187:
4185:
4183:
4177:
4171:. Archived from
4170:
4162:
4156:
4155:
4153:
4151:
4145:
4139:. Archived from
4138:
4130:
4124:
4123:
4121:
4119:
4099:
4093:
4092:
4090:
4088:
4060:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4049:
4021:
4015:
3999:
3993:
3992:
3968:
3959:
3958:
3956:
3954:
3935:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3924:
3907:
3901:
3900:
3898:
3896:
3885:Caasimada Online
3876:
3870:
3869:
3867:
3865:
3846:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3835:
3820:
3814:
3813:
3807:
3799:
3771:
3765:
3764:
3750:
3744:
3743:
3737:
3733:
3731:
3723:
3721:
3719:
3679:
3673:
3672:
3664:
3658:
3651:
3642:
3641:
3639:
3637:
3597:
3591:
3590:
3582:
3576:
3575:
3563:
3557:
3556:
3546:
3540:
3533:
3522:
3521:
3502:
3492:
3486:
3485:
3465:
3459:
3458:
3438:
3328:Voice of America
3274:
3258:Ahmed Said Ahmed
3173:Hassan Isse Jama
3152:Edna Adan Ismail
3053:Abdirashid Duale
3029:Dervish movement
3017:Dervish movement
3008:Dervish movement
2995:Dervish movement
2987:Abdallah Shihiri
2832:Abdullahi Qarshe
2809:Dervish movement
2805:Mohamed Bullaleh
2781:Dervish movement
2659:warrior and poet
2599:– legendary poet
2554:Salah Ahmed Jama
2446:Abdishakur Iddin
2361:Foreign Minister
2349:Edna Adan Ismail
2238:Sugulle Ainanshe
2230:Abdullahi Qarshe
2176:, Sultan of the
2159:- Sultan of the
1788:A. Habr Magaadle
1750:Abdurahman Deria
1540:Emirate of Harar
1425:Ethiopian Empire
1409:Dervish movement
1403:fort during the
1389:Catholic Mission
1381:Dervish movement
1375:Dervish movement
1098:region, and the
981:
974:
967:
413:
406:
322:Ishaaq Bin Ahmed
316:Ishaaq bin Ahmed
266:
194:Habr Habuusheed:
138:
137:
127:
126:
116:
115:
105:
104:
94:
93:
64:
50:
46:
39:
21:
6090:
6089:
6085:
6084:
6083:
6081:
6080:
6079:
6055:
6054:
6053:
6043:
6041:
6034:BBC News Somali
6028:
6027:
6023:
6006:
6005:
6001:
5995:Kansalaisuus FI
5988:
5986:
5973:
5972:
5968:
5955:
5953:
5940:
5939:
5935:
5925:
5923:
5908:
5907:
5903:
5886:
5879:
5877:
5862:
5847:
5846:
5842:
5832:
5830:
5817:
5816:
5812:
5795:
5794:
5790:
5780:
5778:
5769:
5768:
5764:
5754:
5752:
5743:
5742:
5738:
5732:
5728:
5723:
5719:
5714:
5710:
5687:10.2307/1157666
5668:
5667:
5663:
5658:
5654:
5649:
5645:
5635:
5633:
5621:
5620:
5616:
5611:– via 16.
5606:
5604:
5590:
5589:
5585:
5575:
5573:
5559:
5558:
5545:
5539:Wayback Machine
5530:
5526:
5519:Wayback Machine
5508:
5504:
5494:
5493:
5489:
5480:
5476:
5466:
5464:
5457:
5442:
5441:
5437:
5427:
5425:
5421:
5414:
5408:
5407:
5403:
5393:
5391:
5378:de Waal, Alex.
5377:
5376:
5372:
5362:
5360:
5349:
5348:
5344:
5334:
5332:
5325:
5310:
5309:
5305:
5295:
5293:
5282:
5281:
5277:
5270:
5257:
5256:
5252:
5242:
5240:
5228:
5227:
5218:
5207:
5206:
5202:
5190:
5189:
5182:
5177:
5173:
5163:
5162:
5158:
5148:
5146:
5120:
5119:
5115:
5106:
5105:
5101:
5091:
5090:
5086:
5076:
5075:
5071:
5061:
5060:
5056:
5044:
5043:
5039:
5029:
5027:
5014:
5013:
5009:
4999:
4998:
4994:
4984:
4982:
4973:
4972:
4968:
4958:
4956:
4949:
4934:
4933:
4929:
4920:
4919:
4915:
4910:
4906:
4901:
4897:
4892:
4888:
4883:
4879:
4874:
4870:
4861:
4857:
4847:
4845:
4836:
4835:
4831:
4821:
4819:
4805:
4804:
4800:
4791:
4790:
4783:
4773:
4771:
4762:
4761:
4757:
4747:
4745:
4734:
4733:
4729:
4724:
4720:
4715:
4711:
4702:
4698:
4694:: 1997), p.130.
4686:
4682:
4675:
4667:. p. 113.
4662:
4661:
4657:
4647:
4645:
4638:
4619:
4618:
4614:
4604:
4602:
4576:
4575:
4571:
4564:
4549:
4548:
4544:
4537:
4522:
4521:
4517:
4507:
4505:
4492:
4491:
4487:
4480:
4467:
4466:
4462:
4455:
4440:
4439:
4435:
4428:
4411:
4410:
4406:
4396:
4394:
4387:
4372:
4371:
4367:
4357:
4355:
4348:
4329:
4328:
4324:
4314:
4312:
4297:
4296:
4292:
4282:
4280:
4266:
4265:
4261:
4251:
4249:
4234:
4233:
4229:
4219:
4217:
4213:
4200:
4196:
4195:
4191:
4181:
4179:
4178:on 15 June 2016
4175:
4168:
4164:
4163:
4159:
4149:
4147:
4143:
4136:
4132:
4131:
4127:
4117:
4115:
4101:
4100:
4096:
4086:
4084:
4077:
4062:
4061:
4057:
4047:
4045:
4038:
4023:
4022:
4018:
4012:Wayback Machine
4000:
3996:
3989:
3970:
3969:
3962:
3952:
3950:
3937:
3936:
3932:
3922:
3920:
3909:
3908:
3904:
3894:
3892:
3878:
3877:
3873:
3863:
3861:
3854:www.abtirsi.com
3848:
3847:
3843:
3833:
3831:
3822:
3821:
3817:
3800:
3788:
3773:
3772:
3768:
3752:
3751:
3747:
3734:
3724:
3717:
3715:
3700:
3681:
3680:
3676:
3666:
3665:
3661:
3652:
3645:
3635:
3633:
3618:
3599:
3598:
3594:
3584:
3583:
3579:
3565:
3564:
3560:
3548:
3547:
3543:
3534:
3525:
3515:
3494:
3493:
3489:
3482:
3467:
3466:
3462:
3455:
3440:
3439:
3435:
3431:
3384:
3375:Mona Kosar Abdi
3340:Radio Mogadishu
3305:
3268:
3252:Mohammed Ahamed
3218:
3158:Michael Mariano
3148:
3099:merchant seaman
3049:
2961:
2927:Jama Musse Jama
2904:
2828:
2786:Nuh Ismail Tani
2729:
2685:
2597:Salaan Carrabey
2593:
2335:Somali Republic
2250:
2089:Abdillahi Deria
2079:
2063:
2061:Notable figures
1742:
1740:Isaaq sub-clans
1647:in the west to
1514:
1457:Somali Republic
1441:
1385:Sultan Nur Aman
1377:
1372:
1296:Isaaq Sultanate
1288:
1286:Isaaq Sultanate
1282:
1212:
1207:
1120:Aynabo district
985:
945:
944:
857:
847:
846:
815:
805:
804:
704:
694:
693:
623:
613:
612:
532:
522:
521:
439:
390:Isaaq Sultanate
382:
318:
312:
288:Islamic scholar
228:
196:
171:
167:
132:
131:
121:
120:
110:
109:
99:
98:
88:
70:
48:
47:
44:
43:
37:
34:Isaaq Sultanate
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6088:
6086:
6078:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6057:
6056:
6052:
6051:
6021:
5999:
5977:(in Finnish).
5966:
5944:(in Finnish).
5933:
5901:
5860:
5840:
5810:
5788:
5762:
5736:
5734:songs of love.
5726:
5717:
5708:
5681:(4): 441–443.
5661:
5652:
5643:
5614:
5583:
5543:
5524:
5502:
5487:
5474:
5455:
5435:
5401:
5370:
5342:
5323:
5303:
5275:
5269:978-1439188415
5268:
5250:
5216:
5200:
5180:
5171:
5156:
5113:
5099:
5096:. p. 694.
5084:
5069:
5054:
5037:
5007:
4992:
4966:
4947:
4927:
4913:
4904:
4895:
4886:
4877:
4868:
4855:
4829:
4798:
4781:
4755:
4727:
4718:
4709:
4707:: 1989), p.32.
4696:
4688:Horn of Africa
4680:
4673:
4655:
4636:
4612:
4569:
4562:
4542:
4535:
4515:
4485:
4478:
4460:
4453:
4433:
4426:
4420:. p. 23.
4404:
4385:
4365:
4346:
4322:
4290:
4259:
4227:
4189:
4157:
4125:
4094:
4075:
4055:
4036:
4016:
3994:
3987:
3960:
3930:
3902:
3871:
3841:
3815:
3786:
3766:
3745:
3698:
3692:. p. 69.
3674:
3659:
3643:
3616:
3592:
3577:
3558:
3541:
3523:
3513:
3487:
3480:
3460:
3453:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3426:
3425:
3419:
3413:
3407:
3401:
3391:
3383:
3380:
3379:
3378:
3372:
3355:
3352:military junta
3304:
3301:
3300:
3299:
3286:
3280:
3264:who plays for
3255:
3249:
3242:Mohammed Ahmed
3239:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3212:
3198:
3192:
3186:
3180:
3170:
3164:
3155:
3147:
3144:
3139:funds transfer
3127:
3126:
3123:Ethiopian Birr
3116:
3109:Ibrahim Dheere
3106:
3088:
3078:
3072:
3059:
3048:
3045:
3044:
3043:
3037:
3031:
3022:
3019:
3010:
2997:
2984:
2971:
2960:
2957:
2951:and later the
2937:
2936:
2930:
2924:
2918:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2898:
2888:
2882:
2876:
2870:
2864:Nadifa Mohamed
2861:
2851:
2841:
2835:
2827:
2824:
2812:
2811:
2802:
2792:
2783:
2777:Ibrahim Boghol
2774:
2765:
2759:
2749:
2743:
2728:
2725:
2724:
2723:
2717:
2704:
2684:
2681:
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2676:
2673:
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2663:
2660:
2650:
2644:
2634:
2628:
2622:
2612:
2606:
2600:
2592:
2589:
2574:
2573:
2560:
2551:
2541:Osman Jama Ali
2538:
2532:
2523:
2513:
2503:
2493:
2484:
2475:
2469:
2456:
2443:
2437:
2431:
2417:
2411:
2405:
2396:
2390:
2380:
2370:
2337:
2328:
2322:Ali Abdi Farah
2319:
2313:
2296:
2282:
2276:
2270:
2260:Muse Bihi Abdi
2257:
2249:
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2222:
2212:
2206:
2197:
2191:
2181:
2171:
2154:
2148:
2131:
2122:
2113:
2104:
2098:
2092:
2086:
2078:
2075:
2062:
2059:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2023:
2021:Mohamed Abokor
2018:
2008:
2007:
2006:
2001:
1991:
1986:
1985:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1967:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1899:
1898:
1891:
1884:
1883:
1882:
1877:
1875:Mohamed Abokor
1865:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1853:
1848:
1836:
1831:
1830:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1810:
1809:
1808:
1803:
1741:
1738:
1734:Horn of Africa
1544:Richard Burton
1513:
1510:
1440:
1437:
1421:British Empire
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1318:branch of the
1304:Horn of Africa
1292:Adal Sultanate
1284:Main article:
1281:
1278:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1161:the live also
1132:Xudun district
1035:people in the
987:
986:
984:
983:
976:
969:
961:
958:
957:
956:
955:
953:Somalia portal
947:
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915:Reer Ahmed Nur
912:
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624:
619:
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605:
600:
595:
594:
593:
588:
586:Mohamed Abokor
578:
577:
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571:
561:
560:
559:
554:
544:
539:
533:
528:
527:
524:
523:
520:
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508:
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502:
497:
496:
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493:Osman Mohamoud
490:
480:
470:
469:
468:
467:
466:
456:
446:
440:
435:
434:
431:
430:
424:
423:
415:
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396:flag with the
394:Adal Sultanate
381:
378:
311:
308:
277:Horn of Africa
243:
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237:
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223:
219:
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169:Habr Magaadle:
165:
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147:
146:Descended from
143:
142:
86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
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65:
57:
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52:
51:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
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6:
4:
3:
2:
6087:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6062:
6060:
6039:
6036:(in Somali).
6035:
6031:
6025:
6022:
6017:
6013:
6009:
6003:
6000:
5996:
5984:
5980:
5979:Veikkausliiga
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5506:
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5499:. p. 18.
5498:
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5481:I. M. Lewis,
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5020:wordpress.com
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4674:9780755635191
4670:
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4563:9780852552803
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4105:
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4056:
4043:
4039:
4037:9780932415974
4033:
4029:
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4020:
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4013:
4009:
4006:
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3998:
3995:
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3623:
3619:
3617:88-901340-0-3
3613:
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3530:
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3514:9780932415936
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3488:
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3437:
3434:
3428:
3423:
3420:
3417:
3414:
3411:
3408:
3405:
3402:
3399:
3398:archaeologist
3395:
3392:
3389:
3388:Hussain Bisad
3386:
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3376:
3373:
3371:
3367:
3363:
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3356:
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3287:
3284:
3281:
3278:
3272:
3267:
3263:
3259:
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3250:
3247:
3243:
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3237:
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3233:
3229:
3226:
3222:
3215:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3199:
3196:
3193:
3190:
3189:Hanan Ibrahim
3187:
3184:
3181:
3178:
3174:
3171:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3145:
3140:
3136:
3131:
3124:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3110:
3107:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3089:
3086:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3062:Abdi Awad Ali
3060:
3058:
3054:
3051:
3050:
3047:Entrepreneurs
3046:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3005:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2966:
2965:Sheikh Bashir
2963:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2941:
2934:
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2928:
2925:
2922:
2919:
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2913:
2909:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2896:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2883:
2880:
2879:Ahmed Gacayte
2877:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2865:
2862:
2859:
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2842:
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2800:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2769:
2766:
2763:
2760:
2758:of Somaliland
2757:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2726:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2712:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2698:
2697:Somali Region
2694:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2654:
2651:
2648:
2647:Hussein Hasan
2645:
2642:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2631:Hussein Hasan
2629:
2626:
2625:Elmi Boodhari
2623:
2620:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2598:
2595:
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2507:
2504:
2501:
2497:
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2479:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2468:
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2441:
2438:
2435:
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2421:
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2404:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2391:
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2374:
2371:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2353:nurse midwife
2350:
2346:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2312:
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2300:
2297:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2283:
2280:
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2271:
2269:
2265:
2261:
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2255:
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2247:
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2239:
2236:
2235:
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2220:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2169:10th division
2166:
2162:
2158:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2071:
2067:
2060:
2058:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2025:Samane Abokor
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2012:
2009:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1939:publication,
1938:
1934:
1930:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1911:
1908:
1903:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1885:
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1878:
1876:
1873:
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1870:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1840:Habr Garhajis
1837:
1835:
1832:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
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1789:
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1777:
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1763:
1755:
1751:
1746:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1713:
1708:
1706:
1703:(1969–1991),
1702:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1673:
1669:
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1658:
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1507:
1503:
1499:
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1487:
1483:
1479:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1463:(1960-4) and
1462:
1458:
1454:
1449:
1446:
1439:Post-colonial
1438:
1436:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1374:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1356:
1351:
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1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1331:Guled Dynasty
1327:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1287:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1262:
1255:
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1246:
1242:
1241:Habr Garhajis
1238:
1234:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1216:
1209:
1204:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1189:districts of
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1175:Tower Hamlets
1170:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1154:live somalia
1153:
1149:
1145:
1142:region, with
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1017:Somali Region
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
982:
977:
975:
970:
968:
963:
962:
960:
959:
954:
951:
950:
949:
948:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
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883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
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868:
865:
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860:
859:
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850:
843:
840:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
822:
821:
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809:
808:
801:
798:
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793:
791:
788:
786:
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771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
745:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
720:
717:
716:
715:
712:
711:
710:
707:
706:
703:
698:
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688:
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680:
676:
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668:
664:
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651:
649:
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644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
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622:
617:
616:
609:
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596:
592:
589:
587:
584:
583:
582:
579:
575:
572:
570:
567:
566:
565:
562:
558:
555:
553:
550:
549:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
534:
531:
526:
525:
518:
515:
513:
510:
506:
503:
501:
498:
494:
491:
489:
488:Omar Mohamoud
486:
485:
484:
481:
479:
476:
475:
474:
471:
465:
462:
461:
460:
457:
455:
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359:
354:
349:
347:
343:
337:
335:
331:
327:
323:
317:
309:
307:
305:
301:
300:Harari people
297:
293:
289:
285:
280:
278:
274:
271:) is a major
270:
262:
258:
254:
250:
241:
238:
234:
231:
227:
224:
220:
214:
212:
209:
207:
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181:
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166:
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158:
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148:
144:
141:
136:
130:
125:
119:
114:
108:
103:
97:
92:
87:
83:
80:
77:
73:
69:
63:
58:
53:
40:
35:
30:
19:
6065:Somali clans
6042:. Retrieved
6033:
6024:
6016:the original
6011:
6002:
5994:
5989:13 September
5987:. Retrieved
5969:
5961:
5956:13 September
5954:. Retrieved
5950:the original
5936:
5924:. Retrieved
5915:The Guardian
5913:
5904:
5878:. Retrieved
5850:
5843:
5831:. Retrieved
5823:Salaan Media
5822:
5813:
5805:the original
5800:
5791:
5779:. Retrieved
5775:the original
5765:
5753:. Retrieved
5739:
5729:
5720:
5711:
5678:
5674:
5664:
5655:
5646:
5636:22 September
5634:. Retrieved
5624:
5617:
5605:. Retrieved
5596:
5586:
5574:. Retrieved
5565:
5527:
5510:
5505:
5496:
5490:
5482:
5477:
5467:23 September
5465:. Retrieved
5445:
5438:
5426:. Retrieved
5410:
5404:
5392:. Retrieved
5384:ResearchGate
5383:
5373:
5361:. Retrieved
5351:
5345:
5333:. Retrieved
5313:
5306:
5294:. Retrieved
5284:
5278:
5259:
5253:
5241:. Retrieved
5231:
5209:
5203:
5197:. J. Murray.
5193:
5174:
5165:
5159:
5147:. Retrieved
5133:(1): 36–81.
5130:
5126:
5116:
5107:
5102:
5093:
5087:
5078:
5072:
5063:
5057:
5047:
5040:
5028:. Retrieved
5019:
5010:
5001:
4995:
4983:. Retrieved
4979:the original
4969:
4957:. Retrieved
4937:
4930:
4921:
4916:
4907:
4898:
4889:
4880:
4871:
4863:
4858:
4846:. Retrieved
4832:
4820:. Retrieved
4816:the original
4811:
4801:
4792:
4772:. Retrieved
4758:
4746:. Retrieved
4736:
4730:
4721:
4712:
4699:
4687:
4683:
4664:
4658:
4646:. Retrieved
4627:
4622:
4615:
4603:. Retrieved
4586:
4582:
4572:
4552:
4545:
4525:
4518:
4506:. Retrieved
4497:
4488:
4469:
4463:
4443:
4436:
4413:
4407:
4395:. Retrieved
4375:
4368:
4356:. Retrieved
4332:
4325:
4313:. Retrieved
4302:
4293:
4281:. Retrieved
4273:Wales Online
4272:
4262:
4250:. Retrieved
4241:The Guardian
4239:
4230:
4218:. Retrieved
4204:
4192:
4180:. Retrieved
4173:the original
4160:
4148:. Retrieved
4141:the original
4128:
4116:. Retrieved
4107:
4097:
4085:. Retrieved
4065:
4058:
4046:. Retrieved
4026:
4019:
4003:
3997:
3973:
3951:. Retrieved
3942:
3933:
3921:. Retrieved
3911:
3905:
3893:. Retrieved
3884:
3874:
3862:. Retrieved
3853:
3844:
3832:. Retrieved
3818:
3776:
3769:
3763:. p. 6.
3755:
3748:
3716:. Retrieved
3684:
3677:
3668:
3662:
3654:
3634:. Retrieved
3607:
3602:
3595:
3586:
3580:
3567:
3561:
3551:
3544:
3536:
3535:I.M. Lewis,
3519:isaaq noble.
3518:
3498:
3490:
3470:
3463:
3443:
3436:
3344:Universal TV
3291:- notorious
3289:Sheikh Hamse
3248:and Olympian
3224:
3081:Ismail Ahmed
3065:
2974:Sheikh Madar
2885:Sahra Halgan
2856:, prominent
2746:Deria Hassan
2655:– legendary
2618:
2580:
2209:Daud Mahamed
2190:of the Isaaq
2101:Hassan Farah
2083:Deria Hassan
2055:
2048:
2045:
2016:Muuse Abokor
1980:Maxamed celi
1947:
1940:
1932:
1926:
1915:
1858:
1857:
1825:Maxamed celi
1793:Abdirahman (
1787:
1786:
1759:
1715:
1710:
1698:
1675:
1671:
1613:
1573:frankincense
1529:
1520:
1515:
1512:Mercantilism
1476:late 1970s,
1455:to form the
1450:
1442:
1429:Deria Hassan
1378:
1363:
1360:Deria Hassan
1354:
1352:
1337:line of the
1328:
1289:
1280:Early modern
1257:
1253:
1227:
1217:
1213:
1171:
1069:
990:
607:
541:
529:
428:Somali clans
402:
380:Distribution
371:
362:
356:
350:
341:
338:
319:
281:
268:
248:
246:
193:
192:
168:
140:Saudi Arabia
29:
5833:15 February
5755:22 February
5509:Worldbank,
5428:25 November
5394:25 November
4959:15 February
4748:17 February
4648:28 November
4508:29 February
4416:. Toronto:
4118:17 November
4048:28 November
3864:28 February
3736:|work=
3358:Rageh Omaar
3350:during his
3312:Rageh Omaar
3303:Journalists
3283:Bashir Abdi
3269: [
3201:Magid Magid
3000:Deria Arale
2478:Osman Dubbe
2377:Arab League
2248:Politicians
2200:Madar Hersi
2151:Farah Guled
1983:Subeer celi
1974:Muuse celi
1937:Home Office
1907:Musa Abokor
1880:Musa Abokor
1828:Subeer celi
1819:Muuse celi
1680:coast with
1601:hide (skin)
1329:The modern
1261:Ahmed Guray
1239:(left) and
1187:Scarborough
1167:Baligubadle
1126:subclan of
1122:whilst the
748:Habar Gidir
591:Musa Abokor
478:Dhulbahante
367:Middle East
273:Somali clan
240:Sunni Islam
159:3-4 million
55:Somali clan
6059:Categories
6044:31 October
5880:30 October
5870:1000445166
5781:31 October
4985:26 October
4397:3 February
4358:3 February
4315:3 February
4283:3 February
4220:3 February
4182:27 January
3953:10 October
3834:24 January
3796:1050870928
3636:15 October
3429:References
3348:Siad Barre
3262:footballer
3205:Lord Mayor
3167:Farah Omar
3135:Dahabshiil
3085:WorldRemit
3066:Indhadeero
3057:Dahabshiil
2976:– head of
2838:Ali Feiruz
2762:Guled Haji
2711:Somaliland
2683:Economists
2657:Habr Je'lo
2565:- Current
2547:under the
2461:, current
2448:, current
2365:Somaliland
2311:Somaliland
2287:, was the
2268:Somaliland
2262:, current
2242:Habr Yunis
2219:Issa Musse
2129:Habr Yunis
2125:Hersi Aman
2120:Habr Yunis
2111:Habr Yunis
2107:Awad Deria
2095:Guled Abdi
2011:Habr Je'lo
1999:Habr Yunis
1963:Sa'ad Musa
1929:World Bank
1910:Habr Je'lo
1893:Muhammad (
1886:Ibrahiim (
1869:Habr Je'lo
1846:Habr Yunis
1812:Muhammad (
1806:Sa'ad Musa
1754:Sa'ad Musa
1705:Siad Barre
1657:Buur Dhaab
1616:Habr Je'lo
1581:acacia gum
1506:Somaliland
1498:Siad Barre
1482:Siad Barre
1417:Habr Je'lo
1413:Habr Yunis
1355:Ciidangale
1308:Somaliland
1249:Somaliland
1228:Al Habash.
1183:North York
1163:Fafan Zone
1124:Habr Yunis
1116:Habr Je'lo
1096:Marodi Jeh
1072:Somaliland
1065:Gadabuursi
1063:, and the
1041:Habr Yunis
1027:region of
997:Marodi Jeh
920:Shukureere
890:Reer Manyo
648:Gadabuursi
581:Habr Je'lo
569:Habr Yunis
552:Sa'ad Musa
505:Warsangali
334:Somaliland
292:Somaliland
269:Banu Ishaq
175:Abdirahman
156:Population
96:Somaliland
18:Reer Cumar
6075:Issa Musa
5890:cite book
5695:0001-9720
5576:3 January
5363:28 August
5335:28 August
5296:28 August
4975:"History"
4774:9 January
4338:Routledge
3804:cite book
3738:ignored (
3728:cite book
3718:3 January
3555:. Halgan.
3447:. BRILL.
3410:Buurmadow
3394:Sada Mire
3209:Sheffield
3195:Nimco Ali
3146:Activists
3013:Haji Sudi
2978:Qadiriyya
2667:Habr Awal
2653:Kite Fiqi
2637:Farah Nur
2619:Halkaraan
2522:commander
2512:1971-1982
2498:, former
2422:, former
2301:, former
2264:president
2178:Habr Awal
2030:Tol Je'lo
1958:Issa Musa
1953:Habr Awal
1795:Habr Awal
1718:livestock
1659:range in
1565:livestock
1532:Habr Awal
1393:Haji Sudi
1362:remained
1316:Rer Guled
1273:Haji Sudi
1237:Habr Awal
1144:Saad Muse
930:Fasahaale
900:Gaameedle
882:Sheekhaal
877:Shanshiyo
872:Reer Faqi
813:Rahanweyn
768:Sheikhaal
733:Gaalje'el
608:Tol Je'lo
557:Issa Musa
547:Habr Awal
500:Dishiishe
348:in 1955.
265:بنو إسحاق
75:Ethnicity
49:بنو إسحاق
6038:Archived
5983:Archived
5926:13 March
5920:Archived
5874:Archived
5827:Archived
5749:Archived
5630:Archived
5607:14 March
5601:Archived
5570:Archived
5535:Archived
5515:Archived
5461:Archived
5419:Archived
5388:Archived
5357:Archived
5329:Archived
5290:Archived
5237:Archived
5143:Archived
5139:41965718
5024:Archived
4953:Archived
4842:Archived
4822:9 August
4768:Archived
4742:Archived
4642:Archived
4605:28 April
4599:Archived
4595:41299539
4502:Archived
4391:Archived
4352:Archived
4309:Archived
4277:Archived
4246:Archived
4211:Archived
4150:24 March
4112:Archived
4108:Refworld
4087:15 March
4081:Archived
4042:Archived
4008:Archived
3947:Archived
3943:Refworld
3917:Archived
3889:Archived
3858:Archived
3828:Archived
3712:Archived
3630:Archived
3626:55104439
3370:ITV News
3296:football
3277:defender
3236:Mo Farah
3228:Mo Farah
3216:Athletes
2982:Hargeisa
2916:polymath
2902:Scholars
2701:Ethiopia
2584:Mo Farah
2571:Tanzania
2357:activist
2326:Djibouti
2307:Hargeisa
2146:Tadjoura
2070:Hadraawi
2004:Eidagale
1994:Garhajis
1851:Eidagale
1838:Ismail (
1690:Zanzibar
1589:feathers
1558:and the
1364:de facto
1339:Garhajis
1335:Eidagale
1320:Eidagale
1312:Ethiopia
1298:and the
1245:Hargeisa
1210:Medieval
1128:Garhajis
1100:Togdheer
1076:Hargeisa
1053:Djibouti
1045:Naivasha
1001:Togdheer
940:Ba Fadal
855:Benadiri
790:Muhammed
738:Badi Ade
714:Murusade
687:Quranyow
574:Eidagale
564:Garhajis
517:Awrtable
512:Lailkase
483:Majerten
464:Abaskuul
420:a series
418:Part of
363:manaaqib
310:Overview
296:Dir clan
236:Religion
222:Language
211:Muhammed
180:Muhammed
164:Branches
129:Djibouti
118:Ethiopia
85:Location
5703:1157666
5541:, p. 43
5243:28 July
5149:30 June
5030:30 June
4848:30 June
4252:4 March
3923:10 July
3895:12 July
3422:Sooraan
3141:company
3097:former
3006:of the
2993:of the
2643:subclan
2615:Hadrawi
2545:Somalia
2482:Somalia
2454:Berbera
2138:Berbera
2034:Sanbuur
1976:Barsuug
1895:‘Ibraan
1888:Sanbuur
1867:Muuse (
1821:Barsuug
1801:Isamusa
1752:of the
1748:Sultan
1722:Berbera
1678:Benadir
1665:Berbera
1632:Berbera
1585:saffron
1536:Berbera
1478:Marehan
1473:Somalia
1383:, with
1205:History
1191:Toronto
1148:Lughaya
1108:Erigavo
1092:Gabiley
1088:Erigavo
1084:Berbera
1029:Somalia
910:Duruqbo
886:'Amuudi
862:Asharaf
842:Mirifle
780:Hawadle
773:Udejeen
763:Wa'daan
758:Duduble
728:Degoodi
709:Karanle
675:Gaadsen
638:Gurgura
633:Bursuuk
603:Cimraan
598:Sanbuur
444:Marehan
398:Shahada
206:Ibrahim
107:Somalia
5868:
5858:
5701:
5693:
5675:Africa
5453:
5321:
5266:
5137:
4945:
4671:
4634:
4593:
4560:
4533:
4476:
4451:
4424:
4383:
4344:
4073:
4034:
3985:
3794:
3784:
3706:
3696:
3624:
3614:
3511:
3478:
3451:
3326:, the
3298:player
3293:Somali
3113:Somali
3103:murder
3095:Somali
3004:Mullah
2991:Mullah
2949:Afraad
2912:Somali
2897:singer
2895:Somali
2873:Chunkz
2858:Somali
2848:Somali
2385:, the
2295:party.
2188:Sultan
2039:Imraan
1774:Somali
1766:Somali
1762:Harari
1730:Yirowe
1645:Siyara
1628:Indian
1569:coffee
1556:Arabia
1552:Vizier
1370:Modern
1343:Absame
1179:Newham
1156:Bakool
1104:Sanaag
1059:, the
1037:Hadiya
1033:Hadiya
1009:Sanaag
925:Juunji
867:Haatim
825:Geledi
800:Silcis
795:Murule
785:Ajuran
753:Abgaal
743:Hiraab
702:Hawiye
670:Bimaal
663:Qubeys
628:Akisho
459:Jidwaq
454:Ogaden
449:Absame
374:Somali
358:mawlid
342:Amjaad
326:Arabia
261:Arabic
253:Somali
230:Arabic
226:Somali
185:Ismail
79:Somali
5699:JSTOR
5422:(PDF)
5415:(PDF)
5135:JSTOR
4626:[
4591:JSTOR
4214:(PDF)
4201:(PDF)
4176:(PDF)
4169:(PDF)
4144:(PDF)
4137:(PDF)
3704:JSTOR
3606:[
3382:Other
3275:as a
3273:]
2716:party
2591:Poets
2467:Burao
2463:mayor
2450:mayor
2303:mayor
2221:clans
2142:Zeila
2050:imama
1948:Isaaq
1919:Zeila
1726:Burao
1694:Egypt
1682:India
1653:Karin
1636:Zeyla
1609:ivory
1577:myrrh
1401:Taleh
1348:Farah
1263:(...)
1140:Awdal
1080:Burao
1049:Kenya
1025:Mudug
1005:Sahil
993:Awdal
895:Biido
835:Garre
830:Tunni
820:Digil
719:Sabti
682:Garre
658:Surre
643:Gurre
530:Isaaq
473:Harti
437:Darod
353:Maydh
330:Maydh
304:Maydh
286:, an
249:Isaaq
215:Ahmed
68:Maydh
42:Isaaq
6046:2021
5991:2019
5958:2019
5928:2014
5896:link
5882:2021
5866:OCLC
5856:ISBN
5835:2018
5783:2021
5757:2019
5691:ISSN
5638:2014
5609:2022
5578:2022
5469:2015
5451:ISBN
5430:2020
5396:2020
5365:2021
5337:2021
5319:ISBN
5298:2021
5264:ISBN
5245:2022
5151:2022
5032:2022
4987:2017
4961:2014
4943:ISBN
4850:2022
4824:2021
4776:2021
4750:2018
4669:ISBN
4650:2020
4632:ISBN
4607:2021
4558:ISBN
4531:ISBN
4510:2024
4474:ISBN
4449:ISBN
4422:ISBN
4399:2024
4381:ISBN
4360:2024
4342:ISBN
4317:2024
4285:2024
4254:2022
4222:2024
4184:2020
4152:2018
4120:2017
4089:2023
4071:ISBN
4050:2020
4032:ISBN
3983:ISBN
3955:2021
3925:2023
3897:2021
3866:2024
3836:2021
3810:link
3792:OCLC
3782:ISBN
3740:help
3720:2022
3694:ISBN
3638:2021
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