38:
360:
1821:
1831:
901:
421:
about the referendum but at the time enforcing this law (until 1978), two referendums were held (1953 and 1963). Third referendum (1979) was held when the
Persian Constitution of 1906 had been fallen into desuetude with a victory of the revolution and as yet the new constitution had not been enacted
430:
and the fifth referendum (1989) was to review it. In
Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, referendum is part of popular sovereignty and was provided about it in Principles 1, 6, 59, 99, 110, 123, 132, 177 of the constitution. According to the
1400:
481:
814:
293:
209:
672:
626:
579:
1462:
1382:
699:
427:
889:
1077:
1372:
1367:
939:
616:
388:
1431:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
252:
1410:
1735:
934:
867:
435:
act of the
Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran (1989), referendum will be held with the proposal of the president or 100 members of the
1420:
1415:
921:
667:
538:
1004:
657:
1786:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
929:
798:
768:
1455:
1377:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1112:
1102:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
840:
740:
631:
491:
199:
109:
788:
336:
184:
114:
1796:
882:
1710:
1655:
381:
169:
154:
1755:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1107:
1097:
436:
1855:
1448:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1253:
418:
1545:
1791:
1750:
875:
589:
159:
1760:
1351:
1705:
1670:
1625:
496:
374:
1595:
1590:
1485:
1715:
1690:
1605:
1585:
1535:
1505:
1495:
1477:
677:
149:
99:
1801:
1680:
1675:
1555:
1745:
1695:
1650:
1630:
1620:
1520:
1720:
1635:
1615:
1500:
1490:
1405:
528:
331:
247:
227:
179:
1665:
1600:
1580:
1530:
1515:
1510:
1806:
1725:
1685:
1660:
1640:
1575:
1550:
1540:
1525:
1293:
204:
124:
92:
1645:
1610:
1565:
1765:
1700:
1570:
533:
270:
194:
189:
174:
164:
139:
119:
104:
316:
440:
232:
144:
129:
79:
59:
1775:
1202:
518:
406:
54:
1830:
409:
and the latest of those for revision of the
Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran in 1989.
808:
486:
288:
74:
64:
905:
836:
794:
764:
736:
584:
326:
237:
69:
22:
569:
547:
444:
321:
29:
364:
311:
1245:
242:
359:
37:
1849:
1824:
728:
594:
405:
were held since the first referendum was held in 1953 for dissolution or survival of
341:
439:
and enactment of at least two-thirds of the total number of
Members of them. The
1834:
543:
47:
432:
346:
1440:
913:
900:
423:
1444:
871:
833:
The
Government and Politics of the Middle East and North Africa
686:
643:
603:
556:
505:
426:. The fourth referendum (1979) was held for enactment the
831:
Gasiorowski, Mark (2016). "Islamic
Republic of Iran".
731:; Grotz, Florian; Hartmann, Christof (2001). "Iran".
735:. Vol. I. Oxford University Press. p. 72.
1774:
1734:
1476:
1391:
1360:
1292:
1244:
1201:
1003:
920:
1456:
883:
826:
824:
382:
8:
813:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
700:Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran
428:Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran
1463:
1449:
1441:
890:
876:
868:
782:
780:
617:Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran
443:is responsible for holding referendum and
389:
375:
17:
454:
715:
28:
854:
852:
806:
754:
752:
723:
721:
719:
7:
447:for monitoring and confirmation it.
787:Singh; Singh, Manjit, D.P. (2008).
733:Elections in Asia: A Data Handbook
14:
1432:List of elections and referendums
790:Violence: Impact and Intervention
632:Council of the Islamic Revolution
1829:
1820:
1819:
899:
358:
337:List of direct democracy parties
36:
835:. Westview Press. p. 279.
1787:British Indian Ocean Territory
1:
682:
599:
552:
501:
437:Islamic Consultative Assembly
656:Constitution drafted by the
639:
451:Brief outline of referendums
419:Persian Constitution of 1906
283:History of direct democracy
1872:
698:
676:
671:
655:
635:
630:
615:
593:
588:
568:
542:
537:
517:
495:
490:
1815:
1429:
763:. ABC-CLIO. p. 154.
583:
497:Dissolution of parliament
1536:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
759:Elton L. Daniel (2012).
678:Constitutional amendment
492:2nd Cabinet of Mosaddegh
1797:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
332:Participatory budgeting
673:2nd Cabinet of Mousavi
636:Constitution adoption
93:Referendums by country
534:Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
265:Referendums by method
1711:United Arab Emirates
441:Ministry of Interior
417:There is nothing in
222:Referendums by issue
80:Mandatory referendum
60:Legislative referral
1856:Referendums in Iran
1738:limited recognition
1471:Referendums in Asia
1203:Assembly of Experts
793:. Atlantic (2008).
761:The History of Iran
658:Assembly of Experts
590:Cabinet of Bazargan
539:1st Cabinet of Alam
519:17th Iranian Majlis
407:17th Iranian Majlis
403:referendums in Iran
365:Politics portal
55:Optional referendum
487:Mohammad Mossadegh
317:Citizens' assembly
289:Athenian democracy
75:Popular referendum
65:Popular initiative
1843:
1842:
1780:other territories
1438:
1437:
708:
707:
695:
694:
652:
651:
612:
611:
585:Ruhollah Khomeini
565:
564:
514:
513:
399:
398:
70:Recall referendum
1863:
1833:
1823:
1822:
1792:Christmas Island
1478:Sovereign states
1465:
1458:
1451:
1442:
904:
903:
892:
885:
878:
869:
863:
856:
847:
846:
828:
819:
818:
812:
804:
784:
775:
774:
756:
747:
746:
725:
687:
644:
604:
570:White Revolution
557:
548:Electoral reform
506:
455:
445:Guardian Council
391:
384:
377:
363:
362:
322:Popular assembly
48:Referendum types
40:
30:Direct democracy
18:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1846:
1845:
1844:
1839:
1811:
1779:
1770:
1751:Northern Cyprus
1737:
1730:
1472:
1469:
1439:
1434:
1425:
1387:
1356:
1288:
1240:
1197:
999:
916:
898:
896:
866:
862:, (2001), p.293
857:
850:
843:
830:
829:
822:
805:
801:
786:
785:
778:
771:
758:
757:
750:
743:
727:
726:
717:
713:
696:
685:
653:
642:
613:
602:
566:
555:
515:
504:
453:
415:
395:
357:
352:
351:
312:Direct election
307:
299:
298:
284:
276:
275:
266:
258:
257:
223:
215:
214:
95:
85:
84:
50:
23:Politics series
12:
11:
5:
1869:
1867:
1859:
1858:
1848:
1847:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1827:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1783:
1781:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1742:
1740:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1482:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1467:
1460:
1453:
1445:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1397:
1395:
1389:
1388:
1386:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1298:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1250:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1207:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1009:
1007:
1001:
1000:
998:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
926:
924:
918:
917:
897:
895:
894:
887:
880:
872:
865:
864:
848:
841:
820:
800:978-8126909414
799:
776:
770:978-0313375095
769:
748:
741:
729:Nohlen, Dieter
714:
712:
709:
706:
705:
703:
697:
693:
692:
690:
683:
680:
675:
670:
664:
663:
661:
654:
650:
649:
647:
640:
637:
634:
629:
623:
622:
620:
614:
610:
609:
607:
600:
597:
592:
587:
582:
576:
575:
573:
567:
563:
562:
560:
553:
550:
541:
536:
531:
525:
524:
522:
516:
512:
511:
509:
502:
499:
494:
489:
484:
478:
477:
474:
471:
470:Yes votes (%)
468:
465:
462:
459:
452:
449:
414:
411:
397:
396:
394:
393:
386:
379:
371:
368:
367:
354:
353:
350:
349:
344:
339:
334:
329:
327:Citizen's jury
324:
319:
314:
308:
305:
304:
301:
300:
297:
296:
291:
285:
282:
281:
278:
277:
274:
273:
267:
264:
263:
260:
259:
256:
255:
250:
245:
240:
235:
230:
224:
221:
220:
217:
216:
213:
212:
207:
202:
197:
192:
187:
182:
177:
172:
167:
162:
157:
152:
147:
142:
137:
132:
127:
122:
117:
112:
107:
102:
96:
91:
90:
87:
86:
83:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
51:
46:
45:
42:
41:
33:
32:
26:
25:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1868:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1826:
1818:
1817:
1814:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1782:
1777:
1773:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1761:South Ossetia
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1733:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1466:
1461:
1459:
1454:
1452:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1433:
1428:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1006:
1005:Parliamentary
1002:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
927:
925:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
902:
893:
888:
886:
881:
879:
874:
873:
870:
861:
858:Moin, Baqer,
855:
853:
849:
844:
842:9780813349947
838:
834:
827:
825:
821:
816:
810:
802:
796:
792:
791:
783:
781:
777:
772:
766:
762:
755:
753:
749:
744:
742:0-19-924958-X
738:
734:
730:
724:
722:
720:
716:
710:
704:
701:
691:
689:
688:
681:
679:
674:
669:
666:
665:
662:
659:
648:
646:
645:
638:
633:
628:
625:
624:
621:
618:
608:
606:
605:
598:
596:
595:Regime change
591:
586:
581:
578:
577:
574:
571:
561:
559:
558:
551:
549:
545:
540:
535:
532:
530:
527:
526:
523:
520:
510:
508:
507:
500:
498:
493:
488:
485:
483:
480:
479:
475:
472:
469:
466:
463:
460:
457:
456:
450:
448:
446:
442:
438:
434:
429:
425:
420:
412:
410:
408:
404:
392:
387:
385:
380:
378:
373:
372:
370:
369:
366:
361:
356:
355:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
309:
303:
302:
295:
292:
290:
287:
286:
280:
279:
272:
269:
268:
262:
261:
254:
251:
249:
246:
244:
241:
239:
236:
234:
231:
229:
226:
225:
219:
218:
211:
208:
206:
203:
201:
198:
196:
193:
191:
188:
186:
183:
181:
178:
176:
173:
171:
168:
166:
163:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
138:
136:
133:
131:
128:
126:
123:
121:
118:
116:
113:
111:
108:
106:
103:
101:
98:
97:
94:
89:
88:
81:
78:
76:
73:
71:
68:
66:
63:
61:
58:
56:
53:
52:
49:
44:
43:
39:
35:
34:
31:
27:
24:
20:
19:
16:
1776:Dependencies
1706:Turkmenistan
1671:Saudi Arabia
1560:
1392:
922:Presidential
909:
859:
832:
789:
760:
732:
660:was adopted
461:Proposed by
416:
413:Legal status
402:
400:
342:Ballot title
271:E-referendum
248:Independence
228:Civil rights
134:
21:Part of the
15:
1835:Asia portal
1736:States with
1656:Philippines
1596:South Korea
1591:North Korea
1486:Afghanistan
1393:Referendums
1361:Constituent
910:referendums
544:Land reform
185:Switzerland
170:Philippines
160:New Zealand
155:Netherlands
1716:Uzbekistan
1691:Tajikistan
1606:Kyrgyzstan
1586:Kazakhstan
1506:Bangladesh
1496:Azerbaijan
1416:1979 (Dec)
1411:1979 (Mar)
940:1981 (Oct)
935:1981 (Jul)
711:References
521:dissolved
433:referendum
1802:Hong Kong
1756:Palestine
1681:Sri Lanka
1676:Singapore
1556:Indonesia
906:Elections
809:cite book
619:declared
572:declared
347:Sortition
150:Lithuania
100:Australia
1850:Category
1825:Category
1746:Abkhazia
1696:Thailand
1651:Pakistan
1631:Mongolia
1626:Maldives
1621:Malaysia
1521:Cambodia
860:Khomeini
702:amended
464:Held by
180:Slovakia
1721:Vietnam
1636:Myanmar
1616:Lebanon
1546:Georgia
1501:Bahrain
1491:Armenia
1078:1943–44
473:Result
306:Related
233:Finance
205:Ukraine
125:Germany
110:Czechia
1766:Taiwan
1701:Turkey
1666:Russia
1601:Kuwait
1581:Jordan
1571:Israel
1531:Cyprus
1516:Brunei
1511:Bhutan
1246:Senate
839:
797:
767:
739:
684:97.57%
601:99.31%
554:99.93%
503:99.94%
467:Issue
294:in USA
238:Mining
195:Taiwan
190:Turkey
175:Sweden
165:Poland
140:Israel
120:France
105:Canada
1807:Macau
1726:Yemen
1686:Syria
1661:Qatar
1641:Nepal
1576:Japan
1551:India
1541:Egypt
1526:China
1294:Local
641:99.5%
458:Year
401:Five
145:Kenya
130:Italy
1646:Oman
1611:Laos
1566:Iraq
1561:Iran
1421:1989
1406:1963
1401:1953
1383:1979
1378:1967
1373:1949
1368:1925
1352:2021
1347:2017
1342:2013
1337:2006
1332:2003
1327:1999
1322:1979
1317:1976
1312:1972
1307:1970
1302:1968
1284:1975
1279:1971
1274:1967
1269:1963
1264:1960
1259:1954
1254:1949
1236:2024
1231:2016
1226:2006
1221:1998
1216:1990
1211:1982
1193:2024
1188:2020
1183:2016
1178:2012
1173:2008
1168:2004
1163:2000
1158:1996
1153:1992
1148:1988
1143:1984
1138:1980
1133:1975
1128:1971
1123:1967
1118:1963
1113:1961
1108:1960
1103:1956
1098:1954
1093:1952
1088:1950
1083:1947
1073:1941
1068:1939
1063:1937
1058:1935
1053:1932
1048:1930
1043:1928
1038:1926
1033:1923
1028:1921
1023:1914
1018:1909
1013:1906
995:2024
990:2021
985:2017
980:2013
975:2009
970:2005
965:2001
960:1997
955:1993
950:1989
945:1985
930:1980
914:Iran
908:and
837:ISBN
815:link
795:ISBN
765:ISBN
737:ISBN
668:1989
627:1979
580:1979
546:and
529:1963
482:1953
476:Ref
424:Iran
422:for
135:Iran
1778:and
912:in
243:War
210:USA
1852::
851:^
823:^
811:}}
807:{{
779:^
751:^
718:^
253:EU
200:UK
115:EU
1464:e
1457:t
1450:v
891:e
884:t
877:v
845:.
817:)
803:.
773:.
745:.
390:e
383:t
376:v
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