336:). This proposal should present the case both for and against conservation of a name. Publication notifies anybody concerned that the matter is being considered and makes it possible for those interested to write in. Publication is the start of the formal procedure: it counts as referring the matter "to the appropriate Committee for study" and Rec 14A.1 comes into effect. The name in question is (somewhat) protected by this Recommendation ("... authors should follow existing usage as far as possible ...").
33:
288:
Conflicting conserved names are treated according to the normal rules of priority. Separate proposals (informally referred to as "superconservation" proposals) may be made to protect a conserved name that would be overtaken by another. However, conservation has different consequences depending on the
318:
Conserved and rejected names (and suppressed names) are listed in the appendices to the ICN. As of the 2012 (Melbourne) edition, a separate volume holds the bulk of the appendices (except appendix I, on names of hybrids). The substance of the second volume is generated from a database which also
229:) are often made when it is found that a type in fact belongs to a different taxon from the description, when a name has subsequently been generally misapplied to a different taxon, or when the type belongs to a small group separate from the monophyletic bulk of a taxon.
343:
After reviewing the matter, mostly from a procedural angle, the
General Committee makes a decision, either against ("not recommended") or in favor ("recommended"). At this point Article 14.16 comes into effect. Art 14.16 authorizes all users to indeed use that
319:
holds a history of published proposals and their outcomes, the binding decisions on whether a name is validly published (article 38.4) and on whether it is a homonym (article 53.5). The database can be queried online.
583:
Wiersema, J.H.; McNeill, J.; Turland, N.J.; Barrie, F.R.; Buck, W.R.; Demoulin, V.; Greuter, W.; Hawksworth, D.L.; Herendeen, P.S.; Knapp, S.; Marhold, K.; Prado, J.; Prud'homme van Reine, W.F.; Smith, G.F. (2015),
351:, stating which names (including types and spellings) it recommends for conservation. Then, by Div.III.1, the Nomenclature Section makes a decision on which names (including types, spellings) are accepted into the
339:
After reviewing the matter, judging the merits of the case, "the appropriate
Committee" makes a decision either against ("not recommended") or in favor ("recommended"). Then the matter is passed to the General
308:
heterotypic synonyms that are simultaneously declared nomina rejicienda (as well as their own homotypic synonyms). As taxonomic changes are made, other names may require new proposals for conservation and/or
80:
636:
International Code of
Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants: Appendices II-VIII (with an accounting of proposals to conserve and reject names, to suppress works, and requests for binding decisions)
378:
In the course of time there have been different standards for the majority required for a decision. However, for decades the
Nomenclature Section has required a 60% majority for an inclusion in the
71:) is a scientific name that has specific nomenclatural protection. That is, the name is retained, even though it violates one or more rules which would otherwise prevent it from being legitimate.
586:
International Code of
Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (Melbourne Code) adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011 Appendices II – VIII
608:
Wiersema, J.; McNeill, J.; Turland, N.J.; Orli, S.S.; Wagner, W.L. (2015), "The foundation of the
Melbourne Code Appendices: Announcing a new paradigm for tracking nomenclatural decisions",
470:
480:
The ICZN's procedural details are different from those in botany, but the basic operating principle is the same, with petitions submitted to the commission for review.
280:) under Article 34, which allows for listing certain taxonomic ranks in certain publications which are considered not to include any validly published names.
87:
333:
366:
The
Plenary Session of that same International Botanical Congress receives the "resolution moved by the Nomenclature Section of that Congress" and makes a
293:
A conserved family name is protected against all other family names based on genera that are considered by the taxonomist to be part of the same family.
98:
The process for conserving botanical names is different from that for zoological names. Under the botanical code, names may also be "suppressed",
593:
731:
688:. Utrecht, Netherlands: International Bureau for Plant Taxonomy and Nomenclature of the International Association for Plant Taxonomy.
741:
348:
736:
257:
Besides conservation of names of certain ranks (Art. 14), the ICN also offers the option of outright rejection of a name (
515:
477:
was to be given precedence and treated as the valid name, because it was in more common use and better known to scientists.
495:
416:
A name otherwise unavailable or invalid that the
Commission, by the use of its plenary power, has enabled to be used as a
122:), or rejected in favour of a particular conserved name, and combinations based on a suppressed name are also listed as “
147:"to avoid disadvantageous nomenclatural changes entailed by the strict application of the rules, and especially of the
746:
555:"Chapter II Status, Typification, and Priority of Names Section 4 Limitation of the Principle of Priority Article 14"
660:
211:
148:
417:
710:
453:
406:
382:, and the Committees have followed this example, in 1996 adopting a 60% majority for a decision.
79:
term, meaning "a name to be conserved". The terms are often used interchangeably, such as by the
589:
435:
431:
301:
297:
190:) allows spelling usage to be preserved even if the name was published with another spelling:
232:
Conservation of a name against an earlier taxonomic (heterotypic) synonym (which is termed a
702:
617:
156:
38:
554:
426:
171:
540:
32:
725:
440:
143:
is a nomenclatural procedure governed by
Article 14 of the ICN. Its purpose is
271:
that cannot be used anymore. Outright rejection is possible for a name at any rank.
248:) is relevant only if a particular taxonomist includes both types in the same taxon.
489:
274:
Rejection (suppression) of individual names is distinct from suppression of works (
693:
Crosby, Marshall R. (1972). "An example of a "nomen rejiciendum et illegitimum"".
634:
17:
461:(which was formally described in 1872) was found to be the same genus as
448:
202:
192:
714:
164:
664:
438:
that is in use because the senior synonym or homonym has been made a
706:
621:
160:
76:
31:
541:"International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants"
430:, which is specifically a conserved name that is either a junior
347:
The
General Committee reports to the Nomenclature Section of the
559:
International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants
469:
has precedence and would normally be the correct name. But the
82:
International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants
328:
The procedure starts by submitting a proposal to the journal
398:, although informally both terms are used interchangeably.
374:. By long tradition this step is ceremonial in nature only.
296:
A conserved genus or species name is conserved against any
424:
This is a more generalized definition than the one for
155:
Conservation is possible only for names at the rank of
492:, an example of name conservation as applied by ICZN
390:
For zoology, the term "conserved name", rather than
471:
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature
267:under Article 56, another way of creating a
686:An annotated glossary of botanical nomenclature
661:"International Code of Zoological Nomenclature"
457:, which was formally described in 1943. Later,
405:(the code for names of animals, one of several
561:. International Association for Plant Taxonomy
516:"The Discovery and Naming of Candida albicans"
420:by removal of the known obstacles to such use.
403:International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
396:International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
170:It may effect a change in original spelling,
88:International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
8:
578:
576:
29:Conserved name (a protected scientific name)
465:(a synonym). By the usual rules, the genus
588:, vol. 157, Koeltz Botanical Books,
506:
684:McVaugh R, Ross R, Stafleu FA (1968).
655:
653:
447:An example of a conserved name is the
7:
25:
543:(Melbourne Code ed.). 2012.
349:International Botanical Congress
289:type of name that is conserved:
359:decision is made to modify the
174:, or (most commonly) priority.
1:
496:Glossary of scientific naming
409:), this definition is given:
473:(ICZN) ruled that the name
139:In botanical nomenclature,
763:
732:Biological classification
639:, Smithsonian Institution
36:The name for this yeast,
260:nomen utique rejiciendum
181:orthographia conservanda
113:nomina utique rejicienda
742:Zoological nomenclature
401:In the glossary of the
370:decision to modify the
737:Botanical nomenclature
212:orthographical variant
46:
277:opera utique oppressa
149:principle of priority
35:
444:("forgotten name").
355:. At this stage the
178:Conserved spelling (
151:" (Art. 14.1).
747:Taxonomy (biology)
475:Pachycephalosaurus
463:Pachycephalosaurus
454:Pachycephalosaurus
407:nomenclature codes
392:nomen conservandum
332:(published by the
302:homotypic synonyms
220:typus conservandus
91:favours the term "
73:Nomen conservandum
62:nomina conservanda
56:nomen conservandum
47:
44:nomen conservandum
595:978-3-87429-480-5
394:, is used in the
269:nomen rejiciendum
239:nomen rejiciendum
217:Conserved types (
116:, abbreviated as
107:nomina rejicienda
101:nomen rejiciendum
85:(ICN), while the
65:, abbreviated as
16:(Redirected from
754:
718:
689:
677:
676:
674:
672:
663:. Archived from
657:
648:
647:
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625:
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616:(5): 1021–1027,
605:
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580:
571:
570:
568:
566:
551:
545:
544:
537:
531:
530:
528:
526:
511:
39:Candida albicans
21:
762:
761:
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751:
722:
721:
707:10.2307/1219271
692:
683:
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659:
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642:
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633:
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622:10.12705/645.11
607:
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582:
581:
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564:
562:
553:
552:
548:
539:
538:
534:
524:
522:
514:McCool, Logan.
513:
512:
508:
504:
486:
427:nomen protectum
388:
325:
316:
286:
265:suppressed name
255:
137:
132:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
760:
758:
750:
749:
744:
739:
734:
724:
723:
720:
719:
701:(1): 205–209.
690:
679:
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667:on 24 May 2009
649:
626:
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594:
572:
546:
532:
505:
503:
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485:
482:
422:
421:
414:
413:conserved name
387:
384:
376:
375:
364:
345:
341:
337:
324:
321:
315:
312:
311:
310:
294:
285:
282:
263:) also called
254:
251:
250:
249:
230:
215:
210:), etc. (see
153:
152:
136:
133:
131:
128:
93:conserved name
51:conserved name
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
759:
748:
745:
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507:
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487:
483:
481:
478:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
455:
450:
445:
443:
442:
441:nomen oblitum
437:
433:
429:
428:
419:
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314:Documentation
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283:
281:
279:
278:
272:
270:
266:
262:
261:
252:
247:
246:
241:
240:
235:
234:rejected name
231:
228:
227:
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216:
213:
209:
205:
204:
199:
195:
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189:
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183:
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158:
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142:
134:
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109:
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74:
70:
69:
64:
63:
58:
57:
52:
45:
41:
40:
34:
27:
19:
18:Rejected name
698:
694:
685:
669:. Retrieved
665:the original
641:, retrieved
635:
629:
613:
609:
603:
585:
563:. Retrieved
558:
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535:
523:. Retrieved
519:
509:
490:Opinion 2027
479:
474:
466:
462:
458:
452:
446:
439:
425:
423:
402:
400:
395:
391:
389:
379:
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371:
367:
360:
356:
352:
329:
317:
305:
304:, and those
287:
276:
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273:
268:
264:
259:
258:
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244:
243:
238:
237:
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225:
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207:
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197:
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180:
179:
169:
154:
141:conservation
140:
138:
135:Conservation
123:
118:
117:
112:
111:
106:
105:
100:
99:
97:
92:
86:
81:
72:
67:
66:
61:
60:
55:
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50:
48:
43:
37:
26:
565:14 November
520:Antimicrobe
451:genus name
187:orth. cons.
726:Categories
525:24 October
502:References
418:valid name
340:Committee.
309:rejection.
226:typ. cons.
68:nom. cons.
671:29 August
643:30 August
467:Tylosteus
459:Tylosteus
323:Procedure
253:Rejection
245:nom. rej.
124:nom. rej.
119:nom. rej.
484:See also
449:dinosaur
357:de facto
306:specific
298:homonyms
208:Guajacum
203:Guaiacum
198:Evonymus
193:Euonymus
104:(plural
59:(plural
715:1219271
436:homonym
432:synonym
386:Zoology
368:de jure
284:Effects
165:species
42:, is a
713:
592:
157:family
130:Botany
711:JSTOR
695:Taxon
610:Taxon
344:name.
330:Taxon
206:(not
196:(not
161:genus
77:Latin
75:is a
673:2006
645:2016
590:ISBN
567:2020
527:2023
380:Code
372:Code
361:Code
353:Code
334:IAPT
172:type
703:doi
618:doi
434:or
200:),
163:or
126:”.
110:or
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53:or
728::
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699:21
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557:.
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300:,
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184:,
167:.
159:,
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717:.
705::
675:.
620::
569:.
529:.
363:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
