141:
describes setbacks during the period 1957 to 1964 (although it generally affirms this period) and major mistakes beginning in 1965. It attributes Mao's errors to individualist tendencies which arose when he departed from the collective view of the leadership and traces these errors to the beginning
185:
repudiates the persecution of intellectuals and the attacks on the CCP apparatus during the
Cultural Revolution and states that the errors of the Cultural Revolution will be overturned. Regarding the Cultural Revolution, the Resolution states, "Chief responsibility for the grave left error of the
268:
is one of the most influential documents in the history of the
Communist Party of China. By summarizing historical experiences, it provides both historical and theoretical bases for establishing the guidelines for China's next phase of development. Furthermore, it also offers historical and
309:
58:
269:
theoretical foundations for the redistribution of power within the state and the party by figures such as Deng
Xiaoping. The anti-reform faction was essentially ousted from the upper echelons of the Chinese Communist Party, leading to the preliminary establishment of the "
133:
before 1949 and deeming Mao Zedong
Thought as successful in establishing national independence, transforming China's social classes, the development of economic self-sufficiency, the expansion of education and health care, and China's leadership role in the Third World.
114:
96:
34:
289:
273:
Central
Leadership of the Communist Party of China" with Deng Xiaoping at its core. By striking a balance between criticizing and preserving the legacy of the Mao-era, the
110:
was revised repeatedly per Deng's views. Many of Deng's suggestions emphasized the need to affirm Mao's revolutionary contributions and not only to criticize his errors.
701:
696:
681:
372:
284:
was followed by a three-year campaign to "totally negate" the
Cultural Revolution. The communist party called on individuals and cooperatives to study the
327:
322:
554:
494:
447:
113:
Prior to this formal assessment of the Mao era, the CCP had begun receding from various of Mao's ideas and policies, particularly after the
654:
232:
171:
662:
419:
355:
270:
77:
186:
Cultural
Revolution, an error comprehensive in magnitude and protracted in duration, does indeed lie with Comrade Mao Zedong." The
607:"Answers to Questions Concerning the "Resolution on Certain Questions in the History of the Party since the Founding of the PRC""
26:
649:
Thornton, Patricia M. (2019). "Cultural
Revolution". In Sorace, Christian; Franceschini, Ivan; Loubere, Nicholas (eds.).
373:"Resolution on Certain Questions in the History of Our Party since the Founding of the People's Republic of China"
266:
Resolution on
Certain Questions in the History of Our Party since the Founding of the People's Republic of China
89:
Resolution on
Certain Questions in the History of Our Party since the Founding of the People's Republic of China
47:
Resolution on Certain Questions in the History of Our Party since the Founding of the People's Republic of China
22:
Resolution on Certain Questions in the History of Our Party since the Founding of the People's Republic of China
221:
162:. It describes these others as careerists who took advantage of, and exacerbated, Mao's errors, leading to the
484:
69:
580:"Historical Significance of the Adoption of the Resolution of Communist Party of China's Central Committee"
300:, those seriously impacted by factional ideas, and the "smashers and grabbers" of the Cultural Revolution.
706:
217:
33:
and the party's priorities moving forward. It was unanimously adopted by the Sixth Plenary Session of the
129:
begins by reviewing the history of the PRC. It describes Mao as first among equals in the development of
87:
as chairman. The next day, on 27 June, the Sixth Plenum of the Central Committee unanimously adopted the
538:
202:
175:
65:
241:
83:
On 26 June 1981, the Sixth Plenum of the CCP's Eleventh Central Committee accepted the resignation of
406:
Doyon, Jérôme; Froissart, Chloé (2024). "Introduction". In Doyon, Jérôme; Froissart, Chloé (eds.).
213:
163:
606:
560:
310:
Resolution on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party over the Past Century
256:, the idea that Mao was 70% correct and 30% incorrect became a common description of his legacy.
252:
concludes Mao's contributions to the Chinese Revolution far outweigh his mistakes. Following the
143:
130:
54:
584:
NAUKA I DRUŠTVO -Naučni časopis za društvene nau/Science and Society –Journal of Social Science
658:
626:
550:
490:
443:
415:
618:
587:
542:
442:. Translated by Sun, Li; Bryant, Shelly. Montreal, Quebec: Royal Collins Publishing Group.
480:
347:
49:
is the second of the party's three major historical resolutions. The first was the 1945
212:
As the document draws to a close, it describes the basic issues for the present as the
690:
201:
describes three central guiding principles that extend from the past to the present:
73:
297:
30:
150:
states that Mao's errors are not solely his fault, but are also attributable to
84:
622:
191:
155:
151:
630:
564:
411:
206:
591:
80:
evaluated the situation at what they viewed as a historical turning point.
29:: 《关于建国以来党的若干历史问题的决议》) is a 1981 document which assesses the legacy of the
546:
293:
159:
535:
Mao Zedong and China in the Twentieth-Century World: a Concise History
579:
651:
Afterlives of Chinese Communism: Political Concepts from Mao to Xi
106:
had been prepared over the course of the preceding 15 months. The
352:
The Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China
307:'s language regarding the Mao-era is largely echoed by the 2021
53:
which unified the party around the ideological foundation of
68:, China began to also reform the leadership system of the
486:
Mao's China and After: a History of the People's Republic
174:
in his later years and for undermining the principles of
35:
Eleventh Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
440:
An Ideological History of the Communist Party of China
438:
Wu, Guoyou; Ding, Xuemei (2020). Zheng, Qian (ed.).
408:The Chinese Communist Party: a 100-Year Trajectory
240:upholding the guidance of Mao Zedong Thought and
292:. People were urged to root out followers of
8:
489:(3rd ed.). New York, NY: Free Press.
72:(CCP) and of the state. In this context,
323:Ideology of the Communist Party of China
16:Resolution assessing Mao Zedong's legacy
702:Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party
339:
328:History of the Communist Party of China
697:History of the Chinese Communist Party
644:
642:
640:
528:
526:
7:
655:Australian National University Press
524:
522:
520:
518:
516:
514:
512:
510:
508:
506:
475:
473:
471:
469:
467:
465:
463:
461:
459:
433:
431:
401:
399:
397:
395:
393:
367:
365:
537:. Asia-Pacific series. Durham, NC:
277:helped solidify Deng's leadership.
237:upholding the CCP's leadership, and
14:
194:and Deng Xiaoping, among others.
358:from the original on 2023-12-16.
233:people's democratic dictatorship
170:critiqued Mao for developing a
1:
377:Wilson Center Digital Archive
209:, and national independence.
611:Chinese Law & Government
290:criticism and self-criticism
248:Regarding Mao's legacy, the
228:upholding the socialist road
95:assesses the legacy of the
59:third historical resolution
723:
623:10.2753/CLG0009-4609190312
533:Karl, Rebecca E. (2010).
218:reunification with Taiwan
78:second generation leaders
222:Four Cardinal Principles
203:seeking truth from facts
190:formally rehabilitated
70:Chinese Communist Party
592:10.5281/zenodo.7033014
578:Spasic, Zoran (2022).
539:Duke University Press
220:, and identifies the
176:democratic centralism
66:Reform and Opening Up
653:. Acton, Australia:
605:Liqun, Deng (1986).
547:10.2307/j.ctv11hpp6w
481:Meisner, Maurice J.
348:"关于建国以来党的若干历史问题的决议"
214:Four Modernizations
172:cult of personality
164:Cultural Revolution
144:Great Leap Forward
131:Mao Zedong Thought
117:in December 1978.
55:Mao Zedong Thought
27:simplified Chinese
556:978-0-8223-4780-4
496:978-0-684-85635-3
449:978-1-4878-0392-6
271:Second Generation
37:on 27 June 1981.
714:
669:
668:
646:
635:
634:
602:
596:
595:
575:
569:
568:
530:
501:
500:
477:
454:
453:
435:
426:
425:
403:
388:
387:
385:
383:
369:
360:
359:
344:
242:Marxism–Leninism
76:and the party's
722:
721:
717:
716:
715:
713:
712:
711:
687:
686:
682:Text in English
678:
673:
672:
665:
648:
647:
638:
604:
603:
599:
577:
576:
572:
557:
532:
531:
504:
497:
479:
478:
457:
450:
437:
436:
429:
422:
405:
404:
391:
381:
379:
371:
370:
363:
346:
345:
341:
336:
319:
262:
123:
64:While pursuing
43:
17:
12:
11:
5:
720:
718:
710:
709:
704:
699:
689:
688:
685:
684:
677:
676:External links
674:
671:
670:
663:
636:
597:
570:
555:
502:
495:
455:
448:
427:
420:
389:
361:
354:. 1981-06-27.
338:
337:
335:
332:
331:
330:
325:
318:
315:
288:and engage in
261:
258:
246:
245:
238:
235:
231:upholding the
229:
122:
119:
61:came in 2021.
42:
39:
31:Mao Zedong era
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
719:
708:
707:1981 in China
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
694:
692:
683:
680:
679:
675:
666:
664:9781760462499
660:
656:
652:
645:
643:
641:
637:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
601:
598:
593:
589:
585:
581:
574:
571:
566:
562:
558:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
529:
527:
525:
523:
521:
519:
517:
515:
513:
511:
509:
507:
503:
498:
492:
488:
487:
482:
476:
474:
472:
470:
468:
466:
464:
462:
460:
456:
451:
445:
441:
434:
432:
428:
423:
421:9781760466244
417:
413:
409:
402:
400:
398:
396:
394:
390:
378:
374:
368:
366:
362:
357:
353:
349:
343:
340:
333:
329:
326:
324:
321:
320:
316:
314:
312:
311:
306:
301:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
278:
276:
272:
267:
259:
257:
255:
251:
243:
239:
236:
234:
230:
227:
226:
225:
223:
219:
215:
210:
208:
204:
200:
195:
193:
189:
184:
179:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
140:
135:
132:
128:
120:
118:
116:
111:
109:
105:
100:
98:
94:
90:
86:
81:
79:
75:
74:Deng Xiaoping
71:
67:
62:
60:
56:
52:
48:
40:
38:
36:
32:
28:
24:
23:
650:
617:(3): 12–54.
614:
610:
600:
583:
573:
565:j.ctv11hpp6w
534:
485:
439:
410:. Canberra:
407:
380:. Retrieved
376:
351:
342:
308:
304:
302:
298:Gang of Four
285:
281:
279:
274:
265:
263:
253:
249:
247:
211:
198:
196:
187:
182:
180:
167:
147:
138:
136:
126:
124:
115:Third Plenum
112:
107:
103:
101:
92:
88:
82:
63:
50:
46:
44:
21:
20:
18:
85:Hua Guofeng
691:Categories
334:References
305:Resolution
286:Resolution
282:Resolution
275:Resolution
254:Resolution
250:Resolution
199:Resolution
192:Liu Shaoqi
188:Resolution
183:Resolution
168:Resolution
156:Kang Sheng
152:Jiang Qing
148:Resolution
139:Resolution
127:Resolution
108:Resolution
104:Resolution
93:Resolution
51:Resolution
41:Background
631:0009-4609
412:ANU Press
207:mass line
483:(1999).
356:Archived
317:See also
296:and the
294:Lin Biao
160:Lin Biao
142:of the
121:Content
97:Mao era
661:
629:
563:
553:
493:
446:
418:
382:5 June
260:Impact
205:, the
166:. The
158:, and
146:. The
91:. The
57:. The
561:JSTOR
659:ISBN
627:ISSN
551:ISBN
491:ISBN
444:ISBN
416:ISBN
384:2024
303:The
280:The
264:The
224:of:
197:The
181:The
137:The
125:The
102:The
45:The
19:The
619:doi
588:doi
543:doi
693::
657:.
639:^
625:.
615:19
613:.
609:.
586:.
582:.
559:.
549:.
541:.
505:^
458:^
430:^
414:.
392:^
375:.
364:^
350:.
313:.
216:,
178:.
154:,
99:.
667:.
633:.
621::
594:.
590::
567:.
545::
499:.
452:.
424:.
386:.
244:.
25:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.