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is strictly speaking a form of conflict adjudication and not a form of conflict resolution per se. This is because litigation only determines the legal rights and obligations of parties involved in a dispute and does not necessarily solve the disagreement between the parties involved in the dispute. For example, supreme court cases can rule on whether US states have the constitutional right to criminalize abortion but will not cause the parties involved in the case to no longer disagree on whether states do indeed have the constitutional authority to restrict access to abortion as one of the parties may disagree with the supreme courts reasoning and still disagree with the party that the supreme court sided with. Litigation proceedings are very formal and are governed by rules, such as rules of evidence and procedure, which are established by the legislature. Outcomes are decided by an impartial
754:. ADR generally depends on agreement by the parties to use ADR processes, either before or after a dispute has arisen. ADR has experienced steadily increasing acceptance and utilization because of a perception of greater flexibility, costs below those of traditional litigation, and speedy resolution of disputes, among other perceived advantages. However, some have criticized these methods as taking away the right to seek redress of grievances in the
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716:, based on the factual questions of the case and the application law. The verdict of the court is binding, not advisory; however, both parties have the right to appeal the judgment to a higher court. Judicial dispute resolution is typically adversarial in nature, for example, involving antagonistic parties or opposing interests seeking an outcome most favorable to their position.
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provides resolutions for many different types of disputes. Some disputants will not reach agreement through a collaborative process. Some disputes need the coercive power of the state to enforce a resolution. Perhaps more importantly, many people want a professional advocate when they become involved
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The most common form of judicial dispute resolution is litigation. Litigation is initiated when one party files suit against another. In the United States, litigation is facilitated by the government within federal, state, and municipal courts. While litigation is often used to resolve disputes, it
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as part of this spectrum, but dispute resolution practitioners do not usually do so; violence rarely ends disputes effectively, and indeed, often only escalates them. Also, violence rarely causes the parties involved in the dispute to no longer disagree on the issue that caused the violence. For
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example, a country successfully winning a war to annex part of another country's territory does not cause the former waring nations to no longer seriously disagree to whom the territory rightly belongs to and tensions may still remain high between the two nations.
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Sherwyn, David, Tracey, Bruce & Zev Eigen, "In
Defense of Mandatory Arbitration of Employment Disputes: Saving the Baby, Tossing out the Bath Water, and Constructing a New Sink in the Process", 2
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Retired judges or private lawyers often become arbitrators or mediators; however, trained and qualified non-legal dispute resolution specialists form a growing body within the field of
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742:(ADR), that is, extrajudicial processes such as arbitration, collaborative law, and mediation used to resolve conflict and potential conflict between and among individuals,
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Consensual processes, such as collaborative law, mediation, conciliation, or negotiation, in which the parties attempt to reach agreement.
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to settle disputes. Prominent private international courts, which adjudicate disputes between commercial private entities, include the
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in a dispute, particularly if the dispute involves perceived legal rights, legal wrongdoing, or threat of legal action against them.
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Dispute resolution is an important requirement in international trade, including negotiation, mediation, arbitration and litigation.
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Alés, Javier y Mata, Juan Diego " manual práctico para mediadores: el misterio de la mediacion" éxito
Atelier. Barcelona 2016
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processes, such as litigation or arbitration, in which a judge, jury or arbitrator determines the outcome.
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disputes form a special area in dispute resolution studies.
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Dispute resolution processes fall into two major types:
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69:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
30:For dispute resolution policies on Knowledge, see
1019:(Fifth Edition) by FITT, pages 301, 302 & 303
1083:The Third Side: Why We Fight and How We Can Stop
1029:Lieberman, Jethro K.; Henry, James F. (1986).
746:entities, governmental agencies, and (in the
588:States are also known to establish their own
583:International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea
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549:Prominent venues for dispute settlement in
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602:London Court of International Arbitration
129:Learn how and when to remove this message
27:Act of resolving disputes between parties
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612:Methods of dispute resolution include:
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986:What is Litigation: The Complete Guide
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563:United Nations Human Rights Committee
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1035:The University of Chicago Law Review
67:adding citations to reliable sources
849:Orakhelashvili, Alexander (2018).
594:International Court of Arbitration
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792:Investor-state dispute settlement
598:International Chamber of Commerce
730:Extrajudicial dispute resolution
658:One could theoretically include
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855:. Routledge. pp. 537–556.
54:needs additional citations for
740:alternative dispute resolution
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571:European Court of Human Rights
555:International Court of Justice
386:Alternative dispute resolution
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1085:. New York: Penguin Putnam.
1073:U. Pa. J. Lab. & Emp. L.
898:The Journal of Legal Studies
32:Knowledge:Dispute resolution
1017:Global Business Environment
892:Koremenos, Barbara (2007).
619:(litigation) (legislative)
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945:International Organization
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565:(which operates under the
453:Peace and conflict studies
360:Mutual assured destruction
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802:Party-directed mediation
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695:Legal dispute resolution
579:World Trade Organization
448:Non-aggression principle
406:Conflict style inventory
210:Nonviolent Communication
939:Mattli, Walter (2001).
295:International relations
225:Speaking truth to power
1114:Interpersonal conflict
18:Resolution of disputes
861:10.4324/9780429439391
777:Collaborative divorce
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370:Nuclear proliferation
436:Paradox of tolerance
78:"Dispute resolution"
63:improve this article
812:Restorative justice
539:conflict resolution
365:Nuclear disarmament
264:Conflict escalation
241:Conflict management
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61:Please help
56:verification
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764:corporation
686:intractable
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623:arbitration
532:. The term
478:Rule of man
473:Peacemaking
426:Game theory
304:Appeasement
220:Negotiation
186:Rule of law
161:Arbitration
152:Nonviolence
1103:Categories
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989:(youtube)
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1081:, 2000.
1001:"Thesis"
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744:business
662:or even
660:violence
617:lawsuits
596:(of the
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250:Violence
215:Pacifism
1055:1599646
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608:Methods
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342:Nuclear
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567:ICCPR
544:legal
378:Other
110:JSTOR
96:books
1087:ISBN
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865:ISBN
714:jury
699:The
82:news
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279:War
176:Law
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