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were immediately exempt from duty. For example, a lighthouse keeper was exempt from being conscripted from the age of 18, whilst a trade union official was not exempt until he reached 30. Married men in these occupations also had lower exemption ages. The engineering sector had the most reserved occupations.
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when many skilled labourers were drawn into service, which created problems where positions needed filling. Examples of reserved occupations in the Second World War included coal mining, ship building, railway and dockworkers, farmers, teachers, doctors and lighthouse keepers. Not all of these fields
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Some of the reserved occupations included clergymen, farmers, doctors, teachers and certain industrial workers such as coal miners, dock workers and train drivers and iron and steel workers. Workers were not immediately exempt, for example a blacksmith would not be conscripted after the age of 25,
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In the UK, coal mining was not a reserved occupation at the start of the war, and there was a great shortage of coal miners. Consequently, starting in
December 1943, one in ten men conscripted was chosen at random to work in the mines. These men became known as
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not 18. Likewise, an unmarried mining or textiles worker would become exempt at the age of 30. Married men had a lower age before they became exempt. By 1915, 1.5 million men were in reserved occupations and by
November 1918 this reached 2.5 million men.
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The idea was constantly reviewed throughout the war, as women, again, began to work more in industries such as munitions. This meant that men were free to join other organisations such as the
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was created with the goal of exempting skilled workers from being conscripted into service. This idea was drawn up because of lessons learned during
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saw a huge demand for places during the Second World War, as both agricultural students and farmers were exempt from conscription.
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officers, but what is or is not a reserved occupation will depend on war needs and a country's particular circumstances.
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in 1915 to show that he was in a reserved occupation, and thus avoid receiving "
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A schedule of
Reserved Occupations also existed in Canada during World War II.
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deal primarily with the United
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