60:
379:
2691:
291:, and many of these are caused by cumulative trauma rather than a single event. Miners and poultry workers, for example, must make repeated motions which can cause tendon, muscular, and skeletal injuries. Jobs that involve repeated motion patterns or prolonged posture within a work cycle, or both, may be repetitive. Young athletes are predisposed to RSIs due to an underdeveloped musculoskeletal system.
394:(Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) treatment is used as the first treatment for many muscle strains, ligament sprains, or other bruises and injuries. RICE is used immediately after an injury happens and for the first 24 to 48 hours after the injury. These modalities can help reduce the swelling and pain. Commonly prescribed treatments for early-stage RSIs include
2720:
271:
A general worldwide increase since the 1970s in RSIs of the arms, hands, neck, and shoulder has been attributed to the widespread use in the workplace of keyboard entry devices, such as typewriters and computers, which require long periods of repetitive motions in a fixed posture. Extreme
425:
A 2006 Canadian study found exercise in leisure time was strongly associated with decreased risk of developing an RSI. Doctors sometimes recommend that those with RSI engage in specific strengthening exercises, for example to improve sitting posture, reduce excessive
332:
are recognizable risk factors for RSI. Recent scientific findings indicate that obesity and diabetes may predispose an individual to RSIs by creating a chronic low grade inflammatory response that prevents the body from effectively healing damaged tissues.
1760:
1737:
1714:
369:
for the thoracic outlet and cervico-brachial areas. Utilization of routine imaging is useful in early detection and treatment of overuse injuries in at risk populations, which is important in preventing long term adverse effects.
2361:
2296:
414:
therapy. Low-grade RSIs can sometimes resolve themselves if treatments begin shortly after the onset of symptoms. However, some RSIs may require more aggressive intervention including surgery and can persist for years.
192:
Some examples of symptoms experienced by patients with RSI are aching, pulsing pain, tingling and extremity weakness, initially presenting with intermittent discomfort and then with a higher degree of frequency.
319:
Age and gender are important risk factors for RSIs. The risk of RSI increases with age. Women are more likely affected than men because of their smaller frame, lower muscle mass and strength, and due to
1983:
934:
Paz, D. A.; Chang, G. H.; Yetto, J. M. Jr.; Dwek, J. R.; Chung, C. B. (November 2015). "Upper extremity overuse injuries in pediatric athletes: Clinical presentation, imaging findings, and treatment".
299:
Factors such as personality differences to work-place organization problems. Certain workers may negatively perceive their work organization due to excessive work rate, long work hours, limited
205:
used to refer to several discrete conditions that can be associated with repetitive tasks, forceful exertions, vibrations, mechanical compression, sustained or awkward positions, or repetitive
1639:
614:
1861:
209:. The exact terminology is controversial, but the terms now used by the United States Department of Labor and the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) are
2711:
2319:
2505:
2290:
2706:
2340:
2302:
2350:
2246:
2611:
2314:
2264:
1854:
341:
RSIs are assessed using a number of objective clinical measures. These include effort-based tests such as grip and pinch strength, diagnostic tests such as
3153:
1466:
526:
3199:
1570:
621:
2695:
2484:
1847:
625:
2724:
390:
can create interventions that include teaching the correct approaches to functional task movements in order to minimize the risk of injury. The
2671:
2530:
1943:
1244:
2758:
2651:
1644:
1047:
Del Buono, A.; Battery, L.; Denaro, V.; MacCauro, G.; Maffulli, N. (2011). "SAGE Journals: Your gateway to world-class journal research".
53:
Cumulative trauma disorders, repetitive stress injuries, repetitive motion injuries or disorders, occupational or sports overuse syndromes
1200:
Ratzlaff, C. R.; J. H. Gillies; M. W. Koehoorn (April 2007). "Work-Related
Repetitive Strain Injury and Leisure-Time Physical Activity".
969:
Faucett, J.; Rempel, D. (1994). "VDT-related musculoskeletal symptoms: interactions between work posture and psychosocial work factors".
1933:
3179:
2601:
1179:
2524:
2514:
2269:
1450:
1265:
758:
Verhagen, Arianne P.; Bierma-Zeinstra, Sita M. A.; Burdorf, Alex; Stynes, Siobhán M.; de Vet, Henrica C. W.; Koes, Bart W. (2013).
651:
561:
442:
Although seemingly a modern phenomenon, RSIs have long been documented in the medical literature. In 1700, the
Italian physician
1358:
Ahuja, N. K.; Chung, K. C. (2004). "Fritz de
Quervain, MD (1868–1940): stenosing tendovaginitis at the radial styloid process".
386:
There are no quick fixes for repetitive strain injuries. Early diagnosis is critical to limiting damage. For upper limb RSIs,
361:
tests that show nerve compression in the wrist. Various imaging techniques can also be used to show nerve compression such as
3184:
2701:
2566:
2221:
1870:
652:"Functional and Histopathological Changes in Muscle After 6-Weeks Repetitive Strain Injury: A 10-Week Follow Up of Aged Rats"
1958:
418:
Although there are no "quick fixes" for RSI, there are effective approaches to its treatment and prevention. One is that of
2882:
2437:
2190:
536:
3194:
2836:
2479:
2412:
2165:
1953:
419:
3132:
3121:
2801:
2616:
2308:
2216:
2180:
2018:
562:"Public Employees Occupational Safety and Health Program of the New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services"
2676:
2581:
2355:
2058:
366:
164:
caused by repetitive use, vibrations, compression or long periods in a fixed position. Other common names include
59:
3189:
2948:
2857:
2806:
2274:
2185:
2170:
2028:
2003:
288:
446:
first described RSI in more than 20 categories of industrial workers in Italy, including musicians and clerks.
2816:
2751:
2591:
2571:
2464:
1787:
894:
Mining
Publication: Risk Profile of Cumulative Trauma Disorders of the Arm and Hand in the U.S. Mining Industry
516:
431:
237:
210:
85:
2666:
2088:
2053:
3093:
2908:
2786:
2636:
2422:
1470:
300:
229:
106:
2999:
2231:
2211:
1998:
1968:
709:
488:
447:
387:
257:
225:
2938:
1574:
2958:
2953:
2928:
2791:
2226:
760:"Conservative interventions for treating work-related complaints of the arm, neck or shoulder in adults"
663:
308:
261:
241:
342:
31:
1092:"Understanding decision-making towards housework among women with upper limb repetitive strain injury"
3148:
2427:
2402:
2206:
2123:
1973:
1963:
1923:
1878:
1004:
Ashbury, F. D. (1995). "Occupational repetitive strain injuries and gender in
Ontario 1986 to 1991".
443:
358:
346:
233:
1596:
714:
422:, the changing of one's environment (especially workplace equipment) to minimize repetitive strain.
2872:
2862:
2744:
2561:
2444:
2432:
2397:
2175:
2160:
2153:
2133:
1903:
1885:
1764:
1137:
Cook J (February 1988). "Work related repetitive movement problems. A successful management plan".
329:
131:
1665:
1344:
1301:
Pearce, J. M. (April 2009). "James Paget's median nerve compression (Putnam's acroparaesthesia)".
1164:
1091:
378:
2887:
2867:
2781:
2596:
2500:
2417:
2236:
1517:
1326:
1180:"It's All in the Wrist...Or Is It? Symptoms, Sources, and Solutions for Repetitive Stress Injury"
1072:
1029:
735:
521:
399:
206:
96:
2963:
3057:
2826:
2821:
2646:
2459:
2138:
2113:
2008:
1993:
1798:
1731:
1727:
1685:
1552:
1509:
1446:
1442:
1436:
1375:
1318:
1240:
1217:
1146:
1119:
1111:
1064:
1021:
986:
951:
860:
797:
779:
727:
503:, PlayStation thumb, Rubik's wrist or "cuber's thumb", stylus finger, and raver's wrist, and
468:
245:
76:
1723:
3083:
3037:
2943:
2913:
2387:
2382:
2048:
1988:
1677:
1544:
1501:
1367:
1310:
1209:
1103:
1056:
1013:
978:
943:
893:
850:
787:
771:
719:
500:
484:
407:
287:
Workers in certain fields are at risk of repetitive strains. Most occupational injuries are
281:
3052:
2989:
2973:
2661:
2641:
2469:
2148:
2143:
1634:
1269:
391:
350:
157:
81:
2098:
1394:
480:
354:
1410:
Tinel, J. (1915). "Le signe du fourmillement dans les lésions des nerfs périphériques".
1260:
877:
17:
3042:
2968:
2923:
2918:
2626:
2586:
2474:
2454:
2449:
2068:
2033:
1948:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1431:
792:
759:
671:
568:
265:
253:
161:
1781:
1505:
1090:
Cheung, Therma W. C.; Clemson, Lindy; O'Loughlin, Kate; Shuttleworth, Russell (2016).
723:
3173:
3126:
2877:
2631:
2392:
2093:
2038:
1681:
1629:
1441:. Translated by Kaplan, E. B. (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: WD Saunders Co. pp.
1017:
491:
with his clinical experience of several hundred patients during the 1950s and 1960s.
307:(stress-related chemicals) in workers with RSI. Pain related to RSI may evolve into
304:
202:
1521:
1330:
1076:
1033:
3158:
3098:
3078:
3032:
2831:
2546:
2520:
2510:
2103:
2043:
2013:
947:
775:
739:
697:
464:
362:
311:
particularly for workers who do not have supports from co-workers and supervisors.
249:
1610:
1839:
1827:
1792:
667:
3103:
3073:
2892:
2556:
2023:
1918:
1913:
1548:
499:
Specific sources of discomfort have been popularly referred to by terms such as
476:
456:
451:
403:
126:
89:
1803:
1371:
1060:
815:
216:
Examples of conditions that may sometimes be attributed to such causes include
71:
techniques by computer users is one of many causes of repetitive strain injury.
3047:
2933:
2767:
2656:
2606:
2576:
2551:
2073:
2063:
1938:
1928:
1908:
1898:
1754:
472:
411:
395:
221:
217:
1314:
1115:
855:
838:
783:
3088:
2377:
2345:
2083:
1893:
1822:
1750:
1746:
1107:
982:
321:
68:
1689:
1513:
1379:
1322:
1221:
1123:
1068:
955:
906:
801:
731:
1556:
1150:
1025:
990:
907:"CDC - Poultry Industry Workers - NIOSH Workplace Safety and Health Topic"
864:
3143:
2811:
2621:
2108:
1978:
427:
1657:
531:
325:
2297:
Istituto nazionale per l'assicurazione contro gli infortuni sul lavoro
1706:
1213:
839:"What do doctors mean by tenosynovitits and repetitive strain injury?"
382:
Ergonomics: the science of designing the job, equipment, and workplace
3016:
3009:
3004:
2994:
2407:
1741:
1718:
1648:
111:
1653:
1571:"5 Modern Technology Strain Injuries | Carpal Tunnel Syndrome"
650:
Afsharnezhad, Taher; Nourshahi, Maryam; Parvardeh, Siavash (2016).
483:
for compression of the median nerve in 1900. The
American surgeon
303:, and low social support. Previous studies shown elevated urinary
2841:
1438:
Injuries to the Major
Branches of Peripheral Nerves of the Forearm
881:
504:
201:
Repetitive strain injury (RSI) and associative trauma orders are
589:
2740:
1843:
101:
Sore wrists, aching, pulsing pain, tingling, extremity weakness
2796:
2736:
1492:
Vaidya, Hrisheekesh Jayant (March 2004). "Playstation thumb".
434:. Modifications of posture and arm use are often recommended.
272:
temperatures have also been reported as risk factor for RSI.
27:
Muscular, skeletal, or nerve injury due to repetitive actions
615:"Repetitive Strain Injury: What is it and how is it caused?"
475:
in Swiss factory workers in 1895. The French neurologist
213:(MSDs) and work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMDs).
1049:
International
Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology
1656:
from the
European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (
1239:(5th ed.). Philadelphia: F. A. Davis. p. 473.
30:"Gamer's thumb" redirects here. Not to be confused with
1345:"Victorian London - Disease - 'telegraphic paralysis'"
2320:
National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
1165:"How to Use the R.I.C.E Method for Treating Injuries"
1696:
656:
International Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology
3112:
3066:
3025:
2982:
2901:
2850:
2774:
2539:
2493:
2370:
2333:
2283:
2257:
2245:
2199:
2122:
1877:
1813:
1700:
324:influences. In addition, lifestyle choices such as
138:
125:
117:
105:
95:
75:
49:
44:
2506:Occupational Safety and Health Act (United States)
2291:Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety
1430:
1006:Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
1432:"The 'tingling sign' in peripheral nerve lesions"
142:Proper technique, regular rests, regular exercise
2303:National Institute for Safety and Health at Work
1573:. Ctsplace.com. 30 December 2012. Archived from
1237:Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques
2351:Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981
696:van Tulder M, Malmivaara A, Koes B (May 2007).
691:
689:
487:improved the understanding of the aetiology of
2752:
2315:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
2265:European Agency for Safety and Health at Work
1855:
8:
878:Cumulative Trauma Disorders in the Workplace
450:was first identified by the British surgeon
3154:The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
1535:Waugh D (September 1981). "Cuber's thumb".
764:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
2759:
2745:
2737:
2254:
1959:Coalworker's pneumoconiosis ("black lung")
1862:
1848:
1840:
1697:
1467:"FMC Acquires Turner White Communications"
1235:Kisner, Carolyn; Colby, Lyn Allen (2007).
594:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
58:
41:
854:
791:
713:
527:List of repetitive strain injury software
1638:) is being considered for deletion. See
1262:Integrated Safety Management: Ergonomics
929:
927:
622:Selikoff Centers for Occupational Health
377:
2485:Immediately dangerous to life or health
1096:Australian Occupational Therapy Journal
971:American Journal of Industrial Medicine
843:Occupational Medicine (Oxford, England)
548:
2672:Workplace hazard controls for COVID-19
1944:Chronic solvent-induced encephalopathy
816:"Welcome to the RSI Awareness Website"
837:Diwaker, H. N.; Stothard, J. (1995).
256:(so-called stenosing tenosynovitis),
7:
2719:
2362:Working Environment Convention, 1977
1399:. London: Baillère, Tindall and Cox.
753:
751:
749:
583:
581:
556:
554:
552:
2531:Workers' right to access the toilet
460:describes "telegraphic paralysis."
2602:International Chemical Safety Card
121:Repetitive actions, poor technique
25:
2612:National Day of Mourning (Canada)
2270:International Labour Organization
1676:(1): 136–7, author reply 138–41.
1642:to help reach a consensus. ›
1272:. Website. Retrieved 9 July 2008.
1187:Healthcare Journal of New Orleans
454:in 1854. The April 1875 issue of
2718:
2690:
2689:
1682:10.2106/00004623-200101000-00018
1018:10.1097/00043764-199504000-00021
357:for carpal tunnel syndrome, and
3200:Health risks of performing arts
1469:. 2 August 2017. Archived from
471:first identified De Quervain's
2567:Environment, health and safety
2222:Occupational health psychology
1871:Occupational safety and health
1178:Copeland, CS (May–June 2014).
948:10.1016/j.clinimag.2015.07.028
818:. Rsi.org.uk. 17 November 2010
776:10.1002/14651858.CD008742.pub2
156:) is an injury to part of the
134:, smoking, alcohol consumption
1:
2883:Sholes and Glidden typewriter
2438:Personal protective equipment
2191:Workplace health surveillance
1506:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15865-0
724:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60820-4
537:Microsoft ergonomic keyboards
2837:Underwood Typewriter Company
2480:Standard operating procedure
2413:Hierarchy of hazard controls
2166:Hierarchy of hazard controls
1284:De Morbis Artificum Diatriba
3133:Mavis Beacon Teaches Typing
3122:Boston Typewriter Orchestra
2802:Imperial Typewriter Company
2617:NIOSH air filtration rating
2309:Health and Safety Executive
2217:Occupational health nursing
2181:Occupational exposure limit
2019:Hospital-acquired infection
1984:Exposure to human nail dust
1549:10.1056/nejm198109243051322
1360:The Journal of Hand Surgery
174:cumulative trauma disorders
170:repetitive stress disorders
3216:
2677:Workplace health promotion
2582:Hawks Nest Tunnel disaster
2356:Worker Protection Standard
2059:Noise-induced hearing loss
1666:"Repetitive stress injury"
1664:Amadio PC (January 2001).
1645:Repetitive Strain Injuries
1611:"How to Avoid Emacs Pinky"
1372:10.1016/j.jhsa.2004.05.019
1202:Arthritis & Rheumatism
1061:10.1177/03946320110241s209
698:"Repetitive strain injury"
479:(1879–1952) developed his
29:
3180:Musculoskeletal disorders
2858:Blickensderfer typewriter
2807:Oliver Typewriter Company
2685:
2275:World Health Organization
2186:Occupational epidemiology
2171:Prevention through design
2029:Laboratory animal allergy
1954:Chimney sweeps' carcinoma
1929:Byssinosis ("brown lung")
1654:Musculoskeletal disorders
884:Publication 95-119. 1995.
359:nerve conduction velocity
289:musculoskeletal disorders
282:Occupational risk factors
252:(lateral epicondylitis),
211:musculoskeletal disorders
66:
57:
3139:Repetitive strain injury
2817:Royal Typewriter Company
2592:Hostile work environment
2572:Environmental toxicology
2465:Redundancy (engineering)
2079:Repetitive strain injury
1640:templates for discussion
1435:. In Spinner, M. (ed.).
1315:10.1136/jnnp.2008.166140
896:U.S. CDC-NIOSH web site.
517:Computer vision syndrome
432:thoracic outlet syndrome
347:De Quervain's tendinitis
315:Non-occupational factors
248:(medial epicondylitis),
238:thoracic outlet syndrome
166:repetitive stress injury
150:repetitive strain injury
86:performing arts medicine
45:Repetitive strain injury
18:Repetitive stress injury
3094:Speech-to-text reporter
2909:Lucien Stephen Crandall
2787:Commodore International
2637:Quality of working life
2423:Administrative controls
1108:10.1111/1440-1630.12254
983:10.1002/ajim.4700260503
388:occupational therapists
230:cubital tunnel syndrome
2232:Occupational therapist
2212:Industrial engineering
2004:Glassblower's cataract
1969:Decompression sickness
856:10.1093/occmed/45.2.97
489:carpal tunnel syndrome
448:Carpal tunnel syndrome
383:
258:radial tunnel syndrome
226:carpal tunnel syndrome
207:eccentric contractions
3185:Occupational diseases
2959:Lyman Cornelius Smith
2954:James Fields Smathers
2929:Rasmus Malling-Hansen
2792:E. Remington and Sons
2702:Occupational diseases
2667:Workers' compensation
2227:Occupational medicine
2089:Silo-filler's disease
2054:Mule spinners' cancer
1268:5 August 2009 at the
588:CDC (28 March 2018).
381:
309:chronic pain syndrome
262:ulnar tunnel syndrome
242:intersection syndrome
3149:Speed typing contest
2428:Engineering controls
2403:Emergency evacuation
2207:Environmental health
1974:De Quervain syndrome
1964:Concussions in sport
1670:J Bone Joint Surg Am
1055:(1 Suppl 2): 45–50.
590:"Template Package 4"
444:Bernardino Ramazzini
295:Psychosocial factors
234:De Quervain syndrome
3195:Physical ergonomics
2939:John Jonathon Pratt
2873:Hansen Writing Ball
2863:Data Recall Diamond
2562:Effects of overtime
2445:Job safety analysis
2433:Hazard substitution
2398:Emergency procedure
2176:Exposure assessment
2161:Occupational stress
2154:Psychosocial hazard
2134:Occupational hazard
1999:Flock worker's lung
1473:on 30 November 2020
1288:Diseases of Workers
365:for the wrist, and
351:Phalen's contortion
330:alcohol consumption
132:Sedentary lifestyle
2949:Christopher Sholes
2888:Olivetti Valentine
2868:Hammond Typewriter
2597:Indoor air quality
2501:Diving regulations
2418:Hazard elimination
2237:Safety engineering
1814:External resources
1429:Tinel, J. (1978).
1393:Tinel, J. (1917).
1282:Ramazzini (1700).
1139:Aust Fam Physician
631:on 3 February 2016
522:Ergonomic keyboard
430:, and potentially
410:, relaxation, and
384:
355:Tinel's percussion
343:Finkelstein's test
188:Signs and symptoms
32:Gamekeeper's thumb
3167:
3166:
3058:Typewriter eraser
2902:Prominent figures
2734:
2733:
2647:Safety data sheet
2460:Operations manual
2341:Bangladesh Accord
2329:
2328:
2139:Biological hazard
1837:
1836:
1246:978-0-8036-1584-7
1214:10.1002/art.22610
1167:. 27 August 2014.
708:(9575): 1815–22.
469:Fritz de Quervain
146:
145:
39:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
3207:
3190:Overuse injuries
3084:Data entry clerk
3038:Correction fluid
2944:Clarence Seamans
2914:Frank Haven Hall
2761:
2754:
2747:
2738:
2722:
2721:
2693:
2692:
2388:Contingency plan
2383:Code of practice
2255:
2049:Metal fume fever
1864:
1857:
1850:
1841:
1698:
1693:
1615:
1614:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1593:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1567:
1561:
1560:
1532:
1526:
1525:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1434:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1341:
1335:
1334:
1298:
1292:
1291:
1279:
1273:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1184:
1175:
1169:
1168:
1161:
1155:
1154:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1001:
995:
994:
966:
960:
959:
936:Clinical Imaging
931:
922:
921:
919:
917:
903:
897:
891:
885:
875:
869:
868:
858:
834:
828:
827:
825:
823:
812:
806:
805:
795:
770:(12): CD008742.
755:
744:
743:
717:
693:
684:
683:
681:
679:
674:on 6 August 2020
670:. Archived from
647:
641:
640:
638:
636:
630:
624:. Archived from
619:
611:
605:
604:
602:
600:
585:
576:
575:
574:on 23 July 2006.
573:
567:. Archived from
566:
558:
501:Blackberry thumb
408:physical therapy
182:overuse syndrome
62:
42:
21:
3215:
3214:
3210:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3204:
3170:
3169:
3168:
3163:
3114:
3108:
3062:
3053:Typewriter desk
3021:
2990:Keyboard layout
2978:
2974:Ettore Sottsass
2964:Samuel W. Soulé
2897:
2846:
2770:
2765:
2735:
2730:
2681:
2662:Toxic workplace
2642:Risk management
2535:
2489:
2470:Risk assessment
2366:
2325:
2279:
2250:
2241:
2195:
2149:Physical hazard
2144:Chemical hazard
2125:
2118:
1883:
1880:
1873:
1868:
1838:
1833:
1832:
1809:
1808:
1709:
1663:
1643:
1624:
1619:
1618:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1597:"Raver's Wrist"
1595:
1594:
1590:
1580:
1578:
1577:on 15 June 2014
1569:
1568:
1564:
1537:N. Engl. J. Med
1534:
1533:
1529:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1476:
1474:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1453:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1412:Presse Médicale
1409:
1408:
1404:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1343:
1342:
1338:
1300:
1299:
1295:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1270:Wayback Machine
1258:
1254:
1247:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1182:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1003:
1002:
998:
968:
967:
963:
933:
932:
925:
915:
913:
905:
904:
900:
892:
888:
876:
872:
836:
835:
831:
821:
819:
814:
813:
809:
757:
756:
747:
715:10.1.1.589.3485
695:
694:
687:
677:
675:
649:
648:
644:
634:
632:
628:
617:
613:
612:
608:
598:
596:
587:
586:
579:
571:
564:
560:
559:
550:
545:
513:
497:
481:percussion test
440:
376:
339:
317:
297:
285:
278:
220:(or less often
199:
190:
158:musculoskeletal
82:Sports medicine
40:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3213:
3211:
3203:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3172:
3171:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3129:
3124:
3118:
3116:
3115:health aspects
3110:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3043:Erasing shield
3040:
3035:
3029:
3027:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3019:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2986:
2984:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2969:Kyota Sugimoto
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2924:Carlos Glidden
2921:
2919:James Densmore
2916:
2911:
2905:
2903:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2854:
2852:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2778:
2776:
2772:
2771:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2756:
2749:
2741:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2652:Source control
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2627:Process safety
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2587:Health physics
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2543:
2541:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2528:
2518:
2508:
2503:
2497:
2495:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2475:Safety culture
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2455:Permit To Work
2452:
2450:Lockout-tagout
2447:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2374:
2372:
2368:
2367:
2365:
2364:
2359:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2337:
2335:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2323:
2317:
2312:
2306:
2300:
2294:
2287:
2285:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2261:
2259:
2252:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2157:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2130:
2128:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2114:Writer's cramp
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2069:Pneumoconiosis
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2034:Lead poisoning
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2009:Golfer's elbow
2006:
2001:
1996:
1994:Fiddler's neck
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1949:Chronic stress
1946:
1941:
1936:
1934:Cardiovascular
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1890:
1888:
1875:
1874:
1869:
1867:
1866:
1859:
1852:
1844:
1835:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1811:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1795:
1784:
1757:
1734:
1710:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1701:Classification
1695:
1694:
1661:
1651:
1627:
1623:
1622:External links
1620:
1617:
1616:
1602:
1588:
1562:
1527:
1500:(9414): 1080.
1484:
1458:
1451:
1421:
1402:
1385:
1366:(6): 1164–70.
1350:
1336:
1293:
1290:]. Modena.
1274:
1259:Berkeley Lab.
1252:
1245:
1227:
1208:(3): 495–500.
1192:
1170:
1156:
1129:
1082:
1039:
996:
977:(5): 597–612.
961:
942:(6): 954–964.
923:
898:
886:
870:
829:
807:
745:
685:
642:
606:
577:
547:
546:
544:
541:
540:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
512:
509:
496:
493:
439:
436:
375:
372:
338:
335:
316:
313:
305:catecholamines
296:
293:
284:
279:
277:
274:
266:focal dystonia
254:trigger finger
246:golfer's elbow
203:umbrella terms
198:
195:
189:
186:
162:nervous system
144:
143:
140:
136:
135:
129:
123:
122:
119:
115:
114:
112:Torn ligaments
109:
103:
102:
99:
93:
92:
79:
73:
72:
64:
63:
55:
54:
51:
47:
46:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3212:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3134:
3130:
3128:
3127:Etaoin shrdlu
3125:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3111:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3065:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3024:
3018:
3015:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2992:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2981:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2900:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2878:IBM Selectric
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2849:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2777:
2775:Manufacturers
2773:
2769:
2762:
2757:
2755:
2750:
2748:
2743:
2742:
2739:
2727:
2726:
2717:
2713:
2712:Organizations
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2698:
2697:
2688:
2687:
2684:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2632:Public health
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2538:
2532:
2529:
2526:
2525:United States
2522:
2519:
2516:
2515:United States
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2393:Diving safety
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2369:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2332:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2282:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2262:
2260:
2258:International
2256:
2253:
2251:organizations
2248:
2244:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2198:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2124:Occupational
2121:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2094:Sports injury
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2039:Low back pain
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1989:Farmer's lung
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1882:
1879:Occupational
1876:
1872:
1865:
1860:
1858:
1853:
1851:
1846:
1845:
1842:
1829:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1816:
1812:
1805:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1794:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1711:
1708:
1703:
1699:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1662:
1659:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1646:
1641:
1637:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1612:
1606:
1603:
1598:
1592:
1589:
1576:
1572:
1566:
1563:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1531:
1528:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1488:
1485:
1472:
1468:
1462:
1459:
1454:
1452:0-7216-8524-2
1448:
1444:
1440:
1439:
1433:
1425:
1422:
1417:
1413:
1406:
1403:
1398:
1397:
1389:
1386:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1354:
1351:
1346:
1340:
1337:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1297:
1294:
1289:
1285:
1278:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1256:
1253:
1248:
1242:
1238:
1231:
1228:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1196:
1193:
1188:
1181:
1174:
1171:
1166:
1160:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1133:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1086:
1083:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1043:
1040:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1012:(4): 479–85.
1011:
1007:
1000:
997:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
965:
962:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
930:
928:
924:
912:
908:
902:
899:
895:
890:
887:
883:
879:
874:
871:
866:
862:
857:
852:
849:(2): 97–104.
848:
844:
840:
833:
830:
817:
811:
808:
803:
799:
794:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
754:
752:
750:
746:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
716:
711:
707:
703:
699:
692:
690:
686:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
646:
643:
627:
623:
616:
610:
607:
595:
591:
584:
582:
578:
570:
563:
557:
555:
553:
549:
542:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
514:
510:
508:
506:
502:
494:
492:
490:
486:
485:George Phalen
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
461:
459:
458:
453:
449:
445:
437:
435:
433:
429:
423:
421:
416:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
380:
373:
371:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
336:
334:
331:
327:
323:
314:
312:
310:
306:
302:
294:
292:
290:
283:
280:
275:
273:
269:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
214:
212:
208:
204:
196:
194:
187:
185:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
141:
137:
133:
130:
128:
124:
120:
116:
113:
110:
108:
107:Complications
104:
100:
98:
94:
91:
87:
83:
80:
78:
74:
70:
65:
61:
56:
52:
48:
43:
37:
33:
19:
3159:Touch typing
3138:
3131:
3113:Cultural and
3099:Stenographer
3079:Audio typist
3033:Carbon paper
2832:Smith Corona
2827:Silver Seiko
2723:
2694:
2521:Right to sit
2511:Potty parity
2104:Tennis elbow
2099:Surfer's ear
2078:
2044:Mesothelioma
2014:Hearing loss
1821:
1797:
1786:
1759:
1736:
1713:
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3067:Occupations
3026:Accessories
2893:Hermes 3000
2768:Typewriters
2557:Drug policy
2494:Legislation
2200:Professions
2024:Indium lung
1919:Brucellosis
1914:Berylliosis
1628:‹ The
1543:(13): 768.
1309:(2): 96–9.
911:www.cdc.gov
880:. U.S. CDC-
635:12 February
477:Jules Tinel
457:The Graphic
452:James Paget
404:biofeedback
400:myofeedback
301:job control
90:orthopedics
50:Other names
3174:Categories
3048:Ink ribbon
2983:Components
2934:Henry Mill
2657:Toxic tort
2607:Job strain
2577:Ergonomics
2552:Break room
2074:Radium jaw
2064:Phossy jaw
1939:Chalicosis
1909:Barotrauma
1899:Asbestosis
1799:DiseasesDB
1494:The Lancet
1418:: 388–389.
668:1950381705
473:tendinitis
420:ergonomics
412:ultrasound
396:analgesics
222:tendinitis
218:tendinosis
197:Definition
139:Prevention
3089:Secretary
2378:Checklist
2346:ISO 45001
2334:Standards
2084:Silicosis
1894:Acrodynia
1823:eMedicine
1116:1440-1630
784:1469-493X
710:CiteSeerX
543:Citations
374:Treatment
337:Diagnosis
322:endocrine
77:Specialty
69:ergonomic
3144:Samizdat
2812:Olivetti
2707:Journals
2696:Category
2622:Overwork
2540:See also
2293:(Canada)
2284:National
2247:Agencies
2109:Tinnitus
1979:Erethism
1886:injuries
1881:diseases
1690:11205849
1630:template
1522:26563611
1514:15051306
1380:15576233
1331:30847057
1323:19289560
1266:Archived
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1124:26856801
1077:39663618
1069:21669137
1034:38426326
956:26386655
802:24338903
732:17531890
664:ProQuest
599:12 March
511:See also
467:surgeon
428:kyphosis
97:Symptoms
2782:Brother
2725:Commons
2305:(Spain)
2299:(Italy)
2126:hygiene
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495:Society
438:History
326:smoking
180:), and
3017:Platen
3010:QWERTZ
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2995:AZERTY
2851:Models
2408:Hazard
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736:S2CID
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465:Swiss
363:x-ray
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1765:9-CM
1728:PB56
1686:PMID
1674:83-A
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1553:PMID
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