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463:(stationery and supplies for the home office and small office). Some category killers redefine the category. For example, Australia's Bunnings began as a hardware outlet, but now supplies a broad range of goods for the home handyman or small tradesman, including kitchen cabinetry, craft supplies, gardening needs and outdoor furniture. Similarly Officeworks straddles the boundary between stationery supplies, office furniture and digital communications devices in its quest to provide for all the needs of the retail consumer and the small, home office.
281:
484:
810:. The retail mix in a mall may include outlets such as food and entertainment, grocery, electronics, furniture, gifts and fashion. Malls provide 7% of retail revenue in India, 10% in Vietnam, 25% in China, 28% in Indonesia, 39% in the Philippines, and 45% in Thailand. Shopping centers are typically managed by a central management/ marketing authority which ensures that the center attracts the right type of retailer and an appropriate retail mix.
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448:, established in 1957, is thought to be the first category killer, dominating the children's toys and games market. For a few categories, such as electronics, home hardware, office supplies and children's toys, the products are displayed at the centre of the store and a sales person will be available to address customer queries and give suggestions when required.
1632:
703:(also known as hypermart) provides variety and huge volumes of exclusive merchandise at low margins. The operating cost is comparatively less than other retail formats; may be defined as "a combined supermarket and discount store, at least 200,000 square feet (19,000 m) or larger, that sells a wide variety of food and general merchandise at a low price."
154:, etc., and parts for them. Goods that do not quickly wear out and provide utility over time. For the consumer, these items often represent major purchase decisions. Consumers purchase durables over longer purchase decision cycles. For instance, the typical consumer might replace their family car every 5 years, and their home computer every 4 years.
496:. The limited size and offering of L'Occitane stores is too small to be considered a speciality store. However, a concept store goes beyond merely selling products, and instead offers an immersive customer experience built around the way that a brand fits with the customer's lifestyle. Examples include the
641:
supplies the main needs of the local community and is often located in outback or rural areas with low population densities. In areas of very low population density, a general store may be the only retail outlet within hundreds of miles. The general store carries a very broad product assortment; from
543:
are very large stores offering an extensive assortment of both "soft" and "hard" goods that often bear a resemblance to a collection of specialty stores. A retailer of such a store carries a variety of categories and has a broad assortment of goods at moderate prices. They offer considerable customer
474:
is one of a series of stores owned by the same company and selling the same or similar merchandise. Chain stores aim to benefit from volume buying discounts (economies of scale) and achieve cost savings through economies of scope (e.g. centralised warehousing, marketing, promotion and administration)
842:
Such stores, regardless of size, tend to have a greater depth of the specialist stock than general stores, and generally offer specialist product knowledge valued by the consumer. Pricing is usually not the priority when consumers are deciding upon a speciality store; factors such as branding image,
678:
or street vendors, are a vendor of merchandise that is readily portable. Hawkers typically operate in public places such as streets, squares, public parks or gardens or near the entrances of high traffic venues such as zoos, music and entertainment venues, but may also call on homes for door-to-door
654:
provides goods for free. There are several different models of give-away shop in popular use. One is where goods are free to any shopper; an alternative is that shoppers must provide a product before they can take a product and a third variation is where consumers have the option of taking goods for
736:
is defined as venue for the retail sales of all products, packed and unpacked where the sale is to end users. In practice, retail markets are most often associated with the sale of fresh produce, including fruit, vegetables, meat, fish and poultry, but may also sell small consumable household goods
579:
tend to offer a wide array of products and services, but they compete mainly on price. They offer extensive assortments of merchandise at prices lower than other retailers and are designed to be affordable for the market served. In the past, retailers sold less fashion-oriented brands. However, in
412:
is a small store offering a select range of fashionable goods or accessories. The term boutique, in retail and services, appears to be taking on a broader meaning with popular references to retail goods and retail services such as boutique hotels, boutique or craft beers, boutique investments etc.
122:
carry a variety of food products and consumable household items such as detergents, cleansers, personal hygiene products. Consumer consumables are collectively known as fast-moving-consumer goods (FMCG) and represent the lines most often carried by supermarkets, grocers and convenience stores. For
389:
can have multiple meanings. It may refer to Middle-Eastern market places while a penny bazaar is a retail outlet that specialises in inexpensive or discounted merchandise. In the United States a bazaar can mean a "rummage sale" which describes a charity fundraising event held by a church or other
46:
are increasingly dominating the sector, because they can exert considerable buying power and pass on the savings in the form of lower prices. Many of these large retail chains also produce their own private labels which compete alongside manufacturer brands. Considerable consolidation of retail
917:
are membership-based retailers that usually sell a wide variety of merchandise, in which customers may buy large, wholesale quantities of the store's products, which makes these clubs attractive to both bargain hunters and small business owners. The clubs are able to keep prices low due to the
356:
refers to a group of retail outlets operating under a covered walkway. Arcades are similar to shopping malls, although they typically comprise a smaller number of outlets. Shopping arcades were the evolutionary precursor to the shopping mall, and were very fashionable in the late 19th century.
822:
has a narrow marketing focus – either specializing on specific merchandise, such as toys, footwear, or clothing, or on a target audience, such as children, tourists, or plus-size women. Size of store varies – some speciality stores might be retail giants such as
608:. In some cases, e-retailers use drop shipping technique. They accept the payment for the product but the customer receives the product directly from the manufacturer or a wholesaler. This format is ideal for customers who do not want to travel to retail stores and are interested in
360:
Arcades offered fashionable men and women opportunities to 'be seen' and to socialise in a relatively safe environment. Arcades continue to exist as a distinct type of retail outlet. Historic 19th-century arcades have become popular tourist attractions in cities around the world.
1011:
Retailers can opt for a format as each provides different retail mix to its customers based on their customer demographics, lifestyle and purchase behaviour. An effective format will determine how products are display products, as well as how target customers are attracted.
195:
1004:" shops, which are where a person can place an item in a store and if it sells, the person gives the shop owner a percentage of the sale price. The advantage of selling an item this way is that the established shop gives the item exposure to more potential buyers.
690:
store is a term used widely in the United
Kingdom where more than 5,000 High Streets where a variety of stores congregate along a main road. Stores situated in the High Street provide for the needs of a local community, and often give a locality a unique identity.
898:
is an automated piece of equipment wherein customers can drop the money in the machine which dispenses the customer's selection. The vending machine is a pure self-service option. Machines may carry a phone number which customers can call in the event of a fault.
628:
A general merchandise retailer stocks a variety of products in considerable depth. The types of product offerings vary across this category. Department stores, convenience stores, hypermarkets and warehouse clubs are all examples of general merchandise retailers.
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642:
foodstuffs and pharmaceuticals through to hardware and fuel. In addition, a general store may provide essential services such as postal services, banking services, news agency services and may also act as an agent for farm equipment and stock-food suppliers.
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are retailers housed in warehouses, and offer low-cost, often high-quantity goods with minimal services, e.g. goods are piled on pallets or steel shelves. shopping aisles are narrow and cramped, added-value services such as home delivery are non-existent.
244:
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where traders set up temporary stalls and buyers browse for purchases. In
England, such markets operate on specific days of the week. This kind of market is very ancient, and countless such markets are still in operation around the world.
723:
store is a temporary retail space that opens for a short period of time, possibly opening to sell a specific run of merchandise or for a special occasion or holiday period. The key to the success of a pop-up is novelty in the merchandise.
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Food retailers carrying highly perishable items such as meat, dairy and fresh produce typically require cold storage facilities. Consumers purchase food products on a very regular purchase cycle – e.g. daily, weekly or monthly.
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is a category killer, retailing everything for the home office or small commercial office; stationery, furniture, electronics, communications devices, copying, printing and photography services, coffee, tea and light
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Concept stores are similar to speciality stores in that they are very small in size, and only stock a limited range of brands or a single brand. They are typically operated by the brand that controls them, such as
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consumers, these are regular purchases and for the retailer, these products represent high turnover product lines. Grocery stores and convenience stores carry similar lines, but a convenience store (staffed or
280:
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377:(also known as draw tenant or anchor tenant) is a larger store with a good reputation used by shopping mall management to attract a certain volume of shoppers to a precinct.
268:
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stores – self-service, robotic kiosks located in airports, malls and grocery stores. The stores accept credit cards and are usually open 24/7. Examples include
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strategy for pricing. The supermarkets can be anywhere between 20,000 square feet (1,900 m) and 40,000 square feet (3,700 m). An example is a SPAR supermarket.
357:
Stylish men and women would promenade around the arcade, stopping to window shop, making purchases and also taking light refreshments in one of the arcade's tea-rooms.
774:
is a collection of shops, often under one roof. Types of shopping centers include super-regional and regional centers (in North
America and some other areas, called
42:, that is; a location where goods and services are exchanged. In some parts of the world, the retail sector is still dominated by small family-run stores, but large
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Vending machines can be used to sell goods such as food, beverages, and services such as tickets to events or public transport. A beer vending machine is pictured.
451:
Rival retail stores are forced to reduce their prices if a category killer enters the market in a given geographic area. Examples of category killers include
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A general store in
Scarsdale, Victoria, Australia operates as a post-office, newsagent, petrol station, video hire, grocer and take-away food retailer.
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A destination store is one that customers will initiate a trip specifically to visit, sometimes over a large area. These stores are often used to "
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provides limited amount of merchandise at above average prices with a speedy checkout. This is ideal for emergency and immediate purchase
38:) influences the consumer's store choice and addresses the consumer's expectations. At its most basic level, a retail format is a simple
256:
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A small retail outlet owned and operated by an individual or family. Focuses on a relatively limited and selective set of products.
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offer extremely low-cost goods, with a vast array of selection. The downfall to this is that the items are not very high quality.
516:; also known as a co-op or coop, is a venture owned and operated by consumers to meet their social, economic and cultural needs.
47:
stores has changed the retail landscape, transferring power away from wholesalers and into the hands of the large retail chains.
887:
568:
Retailers that aim at one particular segment (e.g. high-end/ luxury retailers focusing on wealthy individuals or niche market).
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retailer can "kill" that category for other retailers. A category killer is a specialist store that dominates a given category.
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365:, also known as penny arcades in the US, is more modern incarnation of the eighteenth and nineteenth century shopping arcade.
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is a self-service store consisting mainly of grocery and limited products on non-food items. They may adopt a Hi-Lo or an
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no-frills format of the stores. In addition, customers may be required to pay annual membership fees in order to shop.
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The customer can shop and order through the internet and the merchandise is dropped at the customer's doorstep or an
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The
European Service Directive applies to all retail trade including periodic markets, street traders and peddlers.
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Stores that sell a mix of perishable and consumable goods to cater for household needs are known as grocery stores.
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76:, or have a limited life (typically under three years) in which they are normally consumed. Soft goods include
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Furniture and homewares retailers are said to be hardline retailers. Pictured
Furniture retailer in Hong Kong
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Apple's concept stores include video walls, wi-fi and desks to provide an immersive customer experience.
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approach, while others are "mid-range" or "high end", depending on what income level they target.
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are discount store operations increasingly offering fashion-oriented brands on a larger scale.
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Food retail includes charcuteries, butcheries, delicatessens, green groceries, provedores etc.
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A store that retails a mix of household needs and is open long hours is a convenience store.
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community organization and in which either donated used goods are made available for sale.
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free or paying any amount that they can afford. For example, Australia's restaurant group
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1117:"ICSC Shopping Center Definitions: Basic Configurations and Types for the United States"
127:) is often open at times that suit its clientele and may be located for ease of access.
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Constantinides, E., "The
Marketing Mix Revisited: Towards the 21st Century Marketing",
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Specialist retailers operate in many industries such as the arts e.g. green grocers,
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selection choice, and purchasing assistance are seen as important. They differ from
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Pride, W.M., Ferrell, O.C. Lukas, B.A., Schembri, S. Niininen, O. and Casidy, R.,
1000:, in which goods are sold that were used as collateral for loans. There are also "
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560:(mall), generating foot traffic, which is capitalized upon by smaller retailers.
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Retailers selling consumer durables are sometimes known as hardline retailers –
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such as cleaning agents. In the Middle East, a market place may be known as a
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By supplying a wide assortment in a single category for lower prices a
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Encyclopedia of
Consumption and Waste: The Social Science of Garbage
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In
Britain and Europe, the retail sale of goods is designated as a
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614:
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http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/vending-machine.html
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are upscale boutiques typically specializing in gourmet pantry.
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Retail stores may be classified by the type of product carried:
1442:
http://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/retail+market
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as it often operates with extended hours, stocking every day.
1528:
William M Pride; Robert James Hughes; Jack R. Kapoor (2011).
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Stores that sell consumables are known as softline retailers.
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https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/category%20killer
679:
selling. Hawkers are a relatively common sight across Asia.
1327:
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/general%20store
989:
shop, the public donates goods to the shop to be sold. In
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and pass on the cost savings in the form of lower prices.
1206:"Rethinking why Brands are Embracing the Concept Store",
1196:
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chain%20store
835:, while others might be small, individual shops such as
262:
Kaaswereld, a specialist cheese store in the
Netherlands
72:
Softline retailers sell goods that are consumed after a
1554:
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/supermarket
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A bookstore is another example of specialist retailer.
1501:
Charles Lamb; Joe Hair; Carl McDaniel (14 Jan 2008).
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Some shops sell second-hand goods. In the case of a
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operates on a pay whatever you feel is right model.
1173:
1316:, 3rd Asia-Pacific ed., Cengage, 2018, pp. 450–51
1008:like OLX and Quikr also offer second-hand goods.
1468:Retail Realty in India: Evolution and Potential
1046:"The World of Retail: Hardlines vs. Softlines"
8:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1423:Gregory, S., "Why Pop-Up Shops Are Hot",
1302:http://www.thefreedictionary.com/e-tailer
1128:International Council of Shopping Centers
851:which carry a wide range of merchandise.
790:, and larger specialized centers such as
459:(hardware, DIY and outdoor supplies) and
1172:Greenfeld, Karl Taro (19 October 1998).
310:An art gallery is a specialist retailer.
1021:
794:(in the U.K. also considered a type of
179:
227:Food retailer – a fruit shop in
7:
580:more recent years companies such as
1194:Merriam-Webster Dictionary Online:
1159:Merriam-Webster Dictionary Online,
328:Retail types by marketing strategy
25:
1507:. Cengage Learning. p. 363.
1478:. 2014. p. 6. Archived from
344:) by marketing strategy include:
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1031:Journal of Marketing Management
27:Types of business establishment
1571:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
1456:, Volume 1, Sage, 2012, p. 495
1338:Barr, Eliza (23 August 2016).
1146:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
766:Shopping center, shopping mall
1:
1440:Financial Dictionary Online,
1069:"What is Soft Merchandising?"
1584:Business Dictionary Online,
1552:Merriam-Webster Dictionary,
1325:Merriam-Webster Dictionary,
1300:The Free Dictionary Online:
1225:Cambridge English Dictionary
624:General merchandise retailer
202:J. Kutvonen Huonekalumyymälä
504:'s concept store in Japan.
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978:
972:
397:
204:, a furniture retailer in
159:contemporary art galleries
1245:Dictionary.com Unabridged
1130:. Accessed July 10, 2008.
993:goods can be taken free.
1504:Essentials of Marketing
1369:Oxford University Press
1034:, Vol. 22, 2006, p. 421
891:
620:
494:L'Occitane en Provence
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61:Retail type by product
1452:Zimring, C.A. (ed.),
1365:UK English Dictionary
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837:Nutters of Savile Row
808:festival marketplaces
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419:
1639:at Wikimedia Commons
1612:Cambridge Dictionary
1532:. Cengage Learning.
1314:Marketing Principles
1175:"Turmoil in Toyland"
996:Another form is the
780:neighborhood centers
1287:Business Dictionary
1273:Business Dictionary
1259:Business Dictionary
1240:"convenience store"
1044:Ferrara, J. Susan.
902:Some stores take a
715:Pop-up retail store
171:musical instruments
34:(also known as the
1574:. Merriam-Webster.
1409:Collins Dictionary
1386:Matthews, Rupert.
1375:on March 22, 2020.
1346:on 27 August 2016.
1149:. Merriam-Webster.
1122:2007-06-21 at the
964:Second-hand retail
892:
728:Retail marketplace
657:Lentil as Anything
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514:co-operative store
508:Co-operative store
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427:
120:convenience stores
1635:Media related to
1539:978-0-538-47808-3
1514:978-0-324-65620-6
1276:destination store
1228:cooperative store
1074:Houston Chronicle
845:department stores
800:lifestyle centers
707:Mom-and-pop store
683:High Street store
548:Destination store
541:Department stores
526:convenience store
520:Convenience store
363:Amusement arcades
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536:Department store
455:and Australia's
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1599:(Definitions),
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1566:"variety store"
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776:shopping malls
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108:Grocery stores
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18:Retail outlet
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1480:the original
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1209:The Guardian
1207:
1202:
1190:
1179:
1167:
1155:
1144:
1135:
1112:
1100:. Retrieved
1096:"hard goods"
1090:
1078:. Retrieved
1072:
1062:
1050:. Retrieved
1048:. Value Line
1039:
1029:
1024:
1010:
995:
984:
981:Charity shop
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498:Apple Stores
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384:
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116:hypermarkets
112:supermarkets
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51:
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35:
31:
29:
1002:consignment
861:supermarket
855:Supermarket
829:Foot Locker
825:Toys "R" Us
796:retail park
788:strip malls
784:retail park
778:), smaller
759:city square
734:Marketplace
701:hypermarket
688:High Street
594:Ross Stores
564:Demographic
530:consumables
472:Chain store
467:Chain store
461:Officeworks
453:Toys "R" Us
446:Toys "R" Us
422:Officeworks
404:Shoppy shop
167:handicrafts
140:electronics
132:automobiles
110:(including
40:marketplace
1141:"boutique"
1016:References
979:See also:
206:Suonenjoki
175:gift shops
163:bookstores
136:appliances
102:stationery
90:toiletries
74:single use
1413:hypermart
1006:E-tailers
987:nonprofit
943:ZoomShops
904:no frills
590:Marshalls
544:service.
385:The term
332:Types of
144:furniture
125:automated
98:medicines
94:cosmetics
1647:Category
1530:Business
1396:BBC News
1358:"Hawker"
1120:Archived
998:pawnshop
672:peddlers
606:e-tailer
600:E-tailer
457:Bunnings
410:boutique
400:boutique
394:Boutique
86:footwear
80:, other
78:clothing
1214:Online:
668:Hawkers
663:Hawkers
586:TJ Maxx
502:Kit Kat
425:snacks.
214:Finland
82:fabrics
1536:
1511:
1363:Lexico
1102:22 May
1080:22 May
1052:22 May
947:Redbox
831:, and
786:) and
739:bazaar
592:) and
584:(owns
554:anchor
387:bazaar
381:Bazaar
348:Arcade
229:Naggar
152:lumber
118:) and
1483:(PDF)
1472:(PDF)
757:is a
237:India
1534:ISBN
1509:ISBN
1426:Time
1181:Time
1104:2014
1082:2014
1054:2014
945:and
865:EDLP
847:and
806:and
743:souq
588:and
556:" a
500:and
402:and
114:and
100:and
30:The
1476:JLL
839:.
798:),
741:or
373:An
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336:(
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20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
