169:. She defended her arguments in a 1993 article "The Fall of Anne Boleyn Revisited", although she did not insist on some points as rigorously as before. She suggested that Ives's theory on Anne's fall (that it was caused by foreign policy and palace politics) was based on an over-reliance on Spanish sources and that his theory on her youth was ridiculous. Warnicke was even harsher with G.W. Bernard's suggestion that Anne might have been guilty of
145:"For many historians Anne remains the lady with the extra fingernail who was too flirtatious, even if in a harmless courtly way, for her own safety and well being. The result of this interpretation is that the responsibility for her tragic death resides with her, the victim, rather than with the king and his ministers, the ones who orchestrated her execution."
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the argument that she miscarried a defective fetus in 1536. It was because Henry VIII viewed this mishap as an evil omen, both for his lineage and his kingdom, that he had her accused of engaging in illicit sexual acts with five men and fostered rumors that she had afflicted him with impotence and had conspired to poison both his daughter
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The popular rumours that Anne had several small deformities—like an extra fingernail or moles—are incorrect, since rumours of deformities only began after Anne's death and no-one who met her ever commented on them;—"... the two cannot logically be reconciled to each other. Had there been even a hint
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As long as the lurid charges against the Queen exist only in unsubstantiated indictments and contradictory diplomatic writings, historians ought to remain sceptical about factional theories of her adulterous guilt or of factional politics. At the least, they owe it to the past not to further obscure
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Most importantly, she argues that Anne miscarried a deformed fetus in
January 1536 which fueled 16th-century fears of witchcraft and sexual deviance and led to her execution—"In an attempt to understand her by the terms of her society, information from a wide range of sources will be used to support
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Warnicke was the first woman hired in the history department of ASU, and was one of the first to teach a women's history course. Through her advocacy, lobbying efforts and participation in numerous search committees, the history department began to add women and minority men to the department – and
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before returning to ASU to continue as a lecturer from 1969 to 1973. Warnicke rose through the ranks to assistant professor, then associate professor and finally professor in 1973, 1976 and 1984, respectively. She was the director of graduate studies at the history department from 1987 to 1992, and
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Warnicke specializes in politics and protocol at the Tudor court, women's issues in the Early Modern Period (1400 – c. 1700) and
Jacobean funerary rites for women. She authored numerous articles, including "Inventing the Wicked Women of Tudor England: Alice More, Anne Boleyn and Anne Stanhope" and
114:, wife of Henry VII, and her six daughters-in-law, Henry VIII's six queens, by comparing them within important spheres of influence—as mothers, diplomats, and domestic managers, as well as participants in social and religious rituals.
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as a result, the history department is nearly half female and has a large minority presence. In addition to her efforts in the history department, Warnicke has also devoted much of her time to affirmative action and faculty rights.
125:. These theories were outlined in various articles in the mid-1980s, "Anne Boleyn's Childhood and Adolescence" and "Sexual Heresy at the Court of Henry VIII". The theories were built on and elaborated in her 1989 book
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Per correspondence with article subject, Warnicke was not "the first" but "one of the first" as the course was also taught by
Professor Frederick Giffin, September 16, 2017.
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of a deformity in Anne's appearance, the
Venetian, as well as the Imperial ambassadors...would have eagerly revealed this intriguing fact to their respective governments."
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She argued against the general theory that Anne Boleyn was born around 1501. Instead, she believes that Anne was born much later—in the summer of 1507.
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and in her senior year, she was granted the
Listenfelt Scholarship, for outstanding Undergraduate History Major, following in 1961 with the
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94:"Sexual Heresy at the Court of Henry VIII". Warnicke is the author of seven monographs, including
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in 1536. She called it a "dubious assertion" with no reliable documentary proof. She concluded:
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Elizabeth of York and Her Six
Daughters-in-Law: Fashioning Tudor Queenship, 1485–1547
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Warnicke's theories were harshly criticised by some other historians—particularly
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110:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2017). The newest book examines the lives and reigns of
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The Rise and Fall of Anne Boleyn: Family politics at the court of Henry VIII
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81:(ASU) as a lecturer from 1966 to 1967. She then left to pursue her
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in 1963 and 1969, respectively. During her junior year, she joined
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said her novel's conclusion was based upon
Warnicke's findings in
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She is best known for her controversial theories over the life of
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Wicked Women of Tudor
England: Queens, Aristocrats, and Commoners
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The
Marrying of Anne of Cleves: Royal Protocol in Tudor England
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ASU, School of
Historical, Philosophical and Religious Studies
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ASU, School of Historical, Philosophical and Religious Studies
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she was chair of the history department from 1992 to 1998.
106:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2012). Her most recent book is
73:From 1965 to 1966, Warnicke was an instructor at
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182:In her "author's note" to bestseller
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98:(Cambridge University Press, 2002),
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133:Warnicke's theories on Anne Boleyn
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325:Arizona State University faculty
320:21st-century American historians
194:The Rise and Fall of Anne Boleyn
50:, in 1961. She then moved on to
289:Byrnes, Paul (March 13, 2008).
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26:and Professor of History at
226:"Retha Warnicke, Biography"
22:(born 1939) is an American
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153:and his illegitimate son,
77:. She went on to teach at
38:Warnicke graduated with a
350:American women historians
335:Indiana University alumni
330:Harvard University alumni
68:Woodrow Wilson Fellowship
79:Arizona State University
28:Arizona State University
291:"The Other Boleyn Girl"
155:Henry, Duke of Richmond
102:(Routledge, 2006), and
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20:Retha Marvine Warnicke
295:Sydney Morning Herald
185:The Other Boleyn Girl
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256:"Retha Warnicke, CV"
100:Mary, Queen of Scots
52:Harvard University
44:Indiana University
16:American historian
206:Spanish Chronicle
167:George W. Bernard
112:Elizabeth of York
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163:E. W. Ives
119:Henry VIII
24:historian
200:See also
171:adultery
34:Career
42:from
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151:Mary
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60:PhD
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