152:
217:, the purchase of luxury goods acts as a means for consumers to repress unpleasant emotions. Reactance theory is another analytical method sociologists use to gain a deeper understanding of revenge-buying behavior; this theory posits that when a threat or hindrance to a person's behavioral freedom makes them upset, the person will try to regain the threatened autonomy.
34:
after people are denied the opportunity to shop for extended periods of time. The revenge buying mechanism is thought to have evolved as a reaction to the frustration and psychological discomfort caused by restrictions in the freedom of movement and commerce. Unlike
210:
While revenge buying was first observed in China, it has since been observed in other countries. When physical stores reopened after the initial COVID lockdown, sales increased, particularly in luxury product stores. According to researchers for the
126:
was devastating to many global retail businesses. Many stores and shopping centers were forced to close for months because stay-at-home restrictions meant that consumers could not travel freely. According to a March 2020 article in
661:
371:
110:, this term describes the sudden demand for foreign-brand goods. It reoccurred in China in April 2020, when the lockdown was mostly lifted and markets reopened. At that time, the French luxury brand
534:
163:
China was the first country hit by the COVID-19 pandemic; by the summer 2020, it had successfully contained community transmission and thereafter lifted significant restrictions. The term
151:
887:
167:
entered popular consciousness with the immediate economic recovery of the French fashion company Hermès, which recorded $ 2.7 million in sales at its flagship store in
171:, China, on the day it reopened in April 2020, setting a record for most single-day shopping at any luxury outlet in China. In addition to Hermès, lines piled up outside
94:
nearly sixty years later are examples of collective traumas that resulted in revenge buying. The phenomenon was first observed in the 1980s, where it was termed
213:
91:
140:
The apparel industry suffered greatly during the pandemic; several notable retailers, including J. Crew, Neiman Marcus, J.C. Penney, Brooks
Brothers,
123:
1088:
280:
310:
134:
78:
followed the same kind of enthusiasm in consumers, and luxury brands posted remarkable growth compared to during COVID lockdowns.
912:
Arafat, S. M. Yasir; Kar, Sujita Kumar; Marthoenis, Marthoenis; Sharma, Pawan; Hoque Apu, Ehsanul; Kabir, Russell (1 July 2020).
745:
686:
662:"Retail sales in China dropped by 20.5% after coronavirus hit, illustrating a scary difference between today's crisis and 2008"
609:
156:
241:
1156:
262:
203:
According to sociologists, compulsive and impulsive buying behaviors, such as panic buying and revenge buying, are
184:
1018:"Predicting social distancing and compulsive buying behaviours in response to COVID-19 in a United Kingdom sample"
720:
636:
971:"Understanding the customer psychology of impulse buying during COVID-19 pandemic: implications for retailers"
187:-related restrictions in March 2022. A similar level of consumer enthusiasm was observed by the press in the
107:
1115:
133:, retail sales dropped 20.5 percent after the pandemic hit Chinaâa percentage not seen since the
51:. The industries revolving around the production of these objects, a major source of revenue for the
141:
87:
1049:
998:
588:
455:
286:
236:
56:
159:, the volume of total retail sales recovered to similar levels as before the COVID-19 pandemic.
1135:
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990:
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850:
809:
791:
694:
580:
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494:
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858:
840:
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783:
572:
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486:
429:
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268:
204:
183:
stores. A similar instance of revenge buying occurred in India following the relaxation of
129:
99:
226:
561:"Decoding revenge buying in retail: role of psychological reactance and perceived stress"
1068:
39:, revenge buying appears to involve the purchase of superfluous goods, such as bags and
1080:
946:
913:
863:
828:
804:
771:
507:
474:
340:
829:"Observation on China's Strategies to Prevent the Resurgence of the COVID-19 Epidemic"
787:
372:"The 'revenge buying' syndrome: Here's why people will throng shops post the lockdown"
1150:
1053:
1002:
592:
459:
290:
231:
188:
71:
31:
1016:
Jaspal, Rusi; Lopes, Barbara; Lopes, Pedro (31 December 2020). Hubert, Marco (ed.).
490:
929:
36:
1131:
1034:
1017:
70:
initially, and the trends were seen across the globe when economies reopened. The
986:
687:"Two more retailers file for bankruptcy: Lord & Taylor and Tailored Brands"
576:
424:
407:
180:
172:
145:
1139:
994:
970:
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854:
795:
698:
584:
560:
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168:
48:
955:
872:
813:
516:
451:
111:
408:"From panic to revenge: Compensatory buying behaviors during the pandemic"
272:
264:
Retail in a New World: Recovering from the
Pandemic That Changed the World
845:
44:
40:
1044:
434:
311:"How to trade Europe's incoming 'revenge spend,' according to BlackRock"
1114:
Zourrig, Haithem; Chebat, Jean-Charles; Toffoli, Roy (1 October 2009).
914:"Psychological underpinning of panic buying during pandemic (COVID-19)"
192:
75:
52:
535:"The curious phenomenon of revenge shopping in China after lockdown"
406:
Lins, Samuel; Aquino, Sibele; Costa, Ana Raquel; Koch, Rita (2022).
176:
150:
144:, Debenhams, Arcadia Group, GNC, and Lord & Taylor, filed for
67:
888:"'Revenge shopping' helping malls fill up fast as Covid wanes"
746:"Retail sales, Great Britain â Office for National Statistics"
975:
International
Journal of Retail & Distribution Management
565:
International
Journal of Retail & Distribution Management
637:"The coronavirus is causing a slow-motion retail apocalypse"
559:
Gupta, Astha
Sanjeev; Mukherjee, Jaydeep (1 January 2022).
1116:"Consumer revenge behavior: A cross-cultural perspective"
195:
after their economies mostly reopened in April 2021.
114:
made US$ 2.7 million in sales in a single day.
261:Pantano, Eleonora; Willems, Kim (24 January 2022).
772:"COVID-19 and China: lessons and the way forward"
827:Yu, Xiang; Li, Na; Dong, Yupeng (18 May 2021).
479:International Journal of Information Management
30:) refers to a sudden surge in the purchase of
8:
721:"The 10 biggest retail bankruptcies of 2020"
475:"Business models shifts: Impact of Covid-19"
1122:. Impact of Culture on Marketing Strategy.
412:International Journal of Social Psychiatry
214:International Journal of Social Psychiatry
1067:Brehm, Sharon S.; Brehm, Jack W. (1981),
1043:
1033:
945:
862:
844:
803:
506:
433:
423:
267:. Emerald Group Publishing. p. 19.
124:economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic
43:, as well as decorative objects such as
253:
833:Risk Management and Healthcare Policy
16:Indulgent shopping after restrictions
7:
635:Kingson, Jennifer A. (6 July 2020).
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602:
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397:
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393:
366:
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719:Thomas, Lauren (26 December 2020).
55:sector, saw huge losses during the
1081:10.1016/b978-0-12-129840-1.50020-x
969:Naeem, Muhammad (1 January 2020).
14:
207:that relieve negative feelings.
491:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102173
1075:, Elsevier, pp. 357â384,
1069:"Reactance Theory and Control"
930:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113061
157:Office for National Statistics
108:opening to international trade
1:
1132:10.1016/j.jbusres.2008.08.006
1035:10.1080/23311908.2020.1800924
788:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31637-8
309:Smith, Elliot (2 June 2021).
1120:Journal of Business Research
473:Seetharaman, Priya (2020).
242:2021 global inflation surge
1173:
987:10.1108/IJRDM-08-2020-0317
577:10.1108/IJRDM-01-2022-0022
135:2007â2008 financial crisis
106:). Following China's 1976
610:"What is Revenge Buying?"
425:10.1177/00207640211002557
103:
66:Revenge buying began in
1073:Psychological Reactance
160:
273:10.1108/9781801178464
154:
90:during the 1960s and
846:10.2147/RMHP.S305413
770:Lancet, The (2020).
614:www.timesnownews.com
155:According to the UK
918:Psychiatry Research
142:Ascena Retail Group
88:Cultural Revolution
1157:Consumer behaviour
892:The Economic Times
539:The Economic Times
376:The Times of India
237:Consumer behaviour
161:
1090:978-0-12-129840-1
1022:Cogent Psychology
571:(11): 1378â1394.
282:978-1-80117-846-4
205:coping mechanisms
118:COVID-19 pandemic
96:baofuxing xiaofei
61:COVID-19 pandemic
1164:
1143:
1126:(10): 995â1001.
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341:"Revenge buying"
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130:Business Insider
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28:revenge spending
24:revenge shopping
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227:Economic bubble
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92:COVID-19 crisis
84:
59:induced by the
22:(also known as
17:
12:
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5:
1170:
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1145:
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1028:(1): 1800924.
1008:
981:(3): 377â393.
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782:(10246): 213.
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750:www.ons.gov.uk
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418:(4): 921â922.
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32:consumer goods
20:Revenge buying
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839:: 2011â2019.
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616:. 30 May 2020
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347:. 12 May 2020
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895:. Retrieved
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753:. Retrieved
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644:. Retrieved
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542:. Retrieved
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482:
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435:10216/132981
415:
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380:. Retrieved
378:. 6 May 2020
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349:. Retrieved
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318:. Retrieved
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37:panic buying
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1096:20 November
897:23 November
730:23 November
704:23 November
671:20 November
646:20 November
620:20 November
544:23 November
382:20 November
351:20 November
345:Philonomist
320:23 November
199:Explanation
924:: 113061.
755:2 December
485:: 102173.
248:References
146:bankruptcy
1140:0148-2963
1054:222077410
1003:229403038
995:0959-0552
938:0165-1781
855:1179-1594
796:0140-6736
699:0190-8286
593:249717780
585:0959-0552
499:0268-4012
460:232230029
444:0020-7640
291:245864500
169:Guangzhou
57:lockdowns
49:jewellery
1151:Category
956:32413711
873:34040464
814:32711779
517:32834338
452:33719662
221:See also
82:Examples
41:clothing
947:7202808
864:8140918
805:7377676
508:7323683
185:Omicron
181:LancĂ´me
100:Chinese
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289:
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193:Europe
179:, and
112:Hermès
102::
76:Europe
53:retail
1050:S2CID
999:S2CID
641:Axios
589:S2CID
456:S2CID
287:S2CID
177:Gucci
173:Apple
104:ćĽĺ¤ć§ćśč´š
68:China
1136:ISSN
1098:2022
1085:ISBN
991:ISSN
952:PMID
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869:PMID
851:ISSN
810:PMID
792:ISSN
757:2022
732:2022
725:CNBC
706:2022
695:ISSN
673:2022
648:2022
622:2022
581:ISSN
546:2022
513:PMID
495:ISSN
448:PMID
440:ISSN
384:2022
353:2022
322:2022
315:CNBC
277:ISBN
191:and
122:The
74:and
47:and
45:gems
1128:doi
1077:doi
1040:hdl
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942:PMC
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430:hdl
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269:doi
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