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with forestomach fermentation. Their food intake is approximately 2.1% of the body mass of females and 1.6% for males. They can obtain their water through the foliage they consume, but drink regularly when water is available. Giraffes seek out acacia species when browsing. Their feeding stimulates shoot production of the species.
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Giraffes are exclusively browsers that primarily feed on leaves and shoots of trees and shrubs. They consume deciduous plants in the wet season and transition to evergreen and semi-evergreen species in the dry season, choosing flowers, fruits, and pods when they are available. They are true ruminants
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Thornicroft's giraffes are tall with very long necks. They have long, dark tongues and skin-colored horns. Giraffes have a typical coat pattern, with regional differences among subspecies. The pattern consists of large, irregular shaped brown to black patches separated by white to yellow bands. Male
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Thornicroft's giraffes breed throughout the year. They reach sexual maturity at approximately six years, and then produce offspring approximately every 677 days. About half of all calves die before one year of age, mostly due to predation. Giraffes can become pregnant while lactating, an unusual
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is endemic to Zambia with a population of less than 550. There are none in captivity. Ecotourism has played a vital role in conservation of all subspecies of giraffes, due to their popularity with tourists. Giraffes as a species are classified as
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giraffes' coats darken with age, particularly the patches. The darkening of the coat has not been studied extensively enough to indicate absolute age; however, it can estimate relative age of male
Thornicroft's giraffes.
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Giraffes occur in arid and dry-savannah zones in sub-Saharan Africa, provided trees are available as a food source. Thornicroft's giraffe is endemic to Zambia. Giraffes are herd animals with a flexible social system.
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Fennessy, J. & Brown, D. 2010. Giraffa camelopardalis. In: IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of
Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 02 May 2014.
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Berry, P. S. M., and F. B. Bercovitch. "Darkening coat colour reveals life history and life expectancy of male
Thornicroft's giraffes." Journal of Zoology 287.3 (2012): 157–160.
557:"A comparative approach for species delimitation based on multiple methods of multi-locus DNA sequence analysis: A case study of the genus Giraffa (Mammalia, Cetartiodactyla)"
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Bercovitch, Fred B., and Philip SM Berry. "Ecological determinants of herd size in the
Thornicroft’s giraffe of Zambia." African Journal of Ecology 48.4 (2010): 962-971.
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Bercovitch, Fred B., and Philip SM Berry. "Reproductive life history of
Thornicroft’s giraffe in Zambia." African journal of ecology 48.2 (2010): 535–538.
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717:: consequences for taxonomy, phylogeography and conservation of giraffes in West and central Africa." Comptes Rendus Biologies 330.3 (2007): 265–274.
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Fennessy, Julian; Bidon, Tobias; Reuss, Friederike; Kumar, Vikas; Elkan, Paul; Nilsson, Maria A.; Vamberger, Melita; Fritz, Uwe; Janke, Axel (2016).
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Coimbra, Raphael T.F.; Winter, Sven; Kumar, Vikas; Koepfli, Klaus-Peter; Gooley, Rebecca M.; Dobrynin, Pavel; Fennessy, Julian; Janke, Axel (2021).
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304:. An estimated 550 live in the wild, with no captive populations. Its lifespan is 22 years for males and 28 years for females. The
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Wilson, and Reeder. "Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti." Mammal
Species of the World. Bucknell University, n.d. Web. 2 May 2014.
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Owen-Smith, R. Norman. Megaherbivores: the influence of very large body size on ecology. Cambridge
University Press, 1992.
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according to the IUCN, but their populations are rapidly declining, with some subspecies being listed as
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Fennessy, Julian, et al. "Mitochondrial DNA analyses show that Zambia's South
Luangwa Valley giraffe (
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762:"Giraffe – The Facts”. Giraffe Conservation Foundation. Retrieved 2010-12-21.
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Petzold, Alice; Hassanin, Alexandre (2020-02-13). Joger, Ulrich (ed.).
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624:"Whole-genome analysis of giraffe supports four distinct species"
508:"Multi-locus Analyses Reveal Four Giraffe Species Instead of One"
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Bercovitch, F.; Carter, K.; Fennessy, J.; Tutchings, A. (2018).
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477:. Peter Grubb. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press.
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Hassanin, Alexandre, et al. "Mitochondrial DNA variability in
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380:Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti
265:Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti
209:Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti
312:, a commissioner in what was then
293:Giraffa tippelskirchi thornicrofti
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941:IUCN Red List vulnerable species
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333:Range, distribution and habitat
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251:G. tippelskirchi thornicrofti
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352:South Luangwa National Park
308:was originally named after
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391:Their primary threats are
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397:human population growth
310:Harry Scott Thornicroft
191:G. c. thornicrofti
715:Giraffa camelopardalis
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314:North-Eastern Rhodesia
177:G. camelopardalis
35:Thornicroft's giraffe
405:habitat fragmentation
389:critically endangered
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260:Thornicroft's giraffe
27:Subspecies of giraffe
637:(13): 2929–2938.e5.
283:Giraffa thornicrofti
573:2020PLoSO..1517956P
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951:Mammals of Zambia
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474:Ungulate taxonomy
318:Northern Rhodesia
270:Rhodesian giraffe
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385:vulnerable
316:and later
153:Giraffidae
71:Vulnerable
661:233983230
591:1932-6203
454:cite iucn
300:’s South
171:Species:
109:Kingdom:
103:Eukaryota
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879:88421020
827:13828910
798:Q1094164
792:Wikidata
653:33957077
609:32053589
561:PLOS ONE
534:27618261
393:poaching
239:Synonyms
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149:Family:
133:Mammalia
123:Chordata
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113:Animalia
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76:IUCN 3.1
913:ZooBank
840:4262211
600:7018015
569:Bibcode
542:3991170
306:ecotype
278:giraffe
164:Giraffa
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139:Order:
129:Class:
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407:, and
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298:Zambia
218:, 1911
657:S2CID
627:(PDF)
538:S2CID
900:NCBI
874:IUCN
861:ITIS
835:GBIF
649:PMID
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587:ISSN
530:PMID
489:OCLC
479:ISBN
458:help
447:2021
440:2018
342:Diet
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
