503:
668:
531:
crown. Some months passed before his fate was decided. Lady
Preston, on petitioning the queen for her husband's life, received an intimation that he could save himself by making a full discovery of the plot. During some time he regularly wrote, it is said, a confession every forenoon, and burned it every night when he had dined. At last he confessed his guilt, and named
490:, no further notice being taken of his conduct in the north. On 28 June 1690 Lord Montagu won his action, being awarded £1,300 damages. Preston carried on his plots, and was still regarded by his party as a man of courage and honour. He retained the seals of his office, and was still considered by the Jacobites as the real secretary of state. The lord president,
43:
526:. A packet of treasonable papers, tied together and weighted in order to be sunk in case of surprise, was dropped by Preston with his official seals, and seized upon the person of Ashton, who had tried to conceal it. The prisoners vainly attempted to bribe their captors. On 3 January Preston was sent to the Tower, and on the 16th was indicted at the
556:, 'will end in a pardon’. A patent was passed for his pardon soon afterwards, and on 13 June he obtained his release. His estate was, however, still retained by the crown as security for his good behaviour, a supposed equivalent being granted him from the exchequer. Subsequently, in September 1693, the
530:
in the name of Sir
Richard Graham for high treason. He pleaded that as a peer of England he was not within the jurisdiction of the court, but this plea being overruled, he was on 17 January found guilty, and condemned to death two days afterwards. His estate and title of baronet were forfeited to the
356:
to be the mediator of a peace between France and Spain, and relating to French excesses in the
Netherlands. In August he gave notice that a plot for a descent upon Ireland was being concocted in France against Charles, and he employed spies to collect information on the subject. The king was not much
551:
as his accomplices. He added a long list of persons against whom he could not himself give evidence, but who, if he could trust to Penn's assurances, were friendly to King James. After several respites, the government, convinced that he could tell even more, again fixed a day for his execution. At
485:
of a peer of the realm in respect of the action at law. He stated that he had received a patent to be an
English Peer from James II before the vote of abdication passed. The house thereupon sent him to the Tower, and instructed the attorney-general to prosecute him for a high misdemeanour. He was,
590:
which he had made in 1680. It was published after his death in London in 1695-1696, and is remarkable on account of the allusions with which the preface is filled. In figurative language, the translator complained that his judges had been more lenient than the friends who had sneered at him for
494:, caused a watch to be set on his movements. In December 1690 a meeting of the leading Protestant Jacobites was held, at which it was determined that Preston should carry to St. Germain the resolutions of the conspirators.
678:
611:, and Mary (died unmarried in 1753). They inherited the Nunnington estate in 1739 on the death of their nephew Charles (1706–1739), the third Viscount Preston, who had died without offspring.
1050:
824:
1080:
607:, by whom he had with other issue a son, Edward (1679–1709), who succeeded him as second Viscount Preston. He also had two daughters, Catherine (1677–1757), who married
1085:
486:
however, released on making a humble apology and withdrawing his claim, on 27 November. On the following day, he obtained a discharge from his recognisances in the court of
401:. He hoped to have been raised to the English peerage as Baron Liddell in Cumberland, but was disappointed on account of his adherence to his religion. In conjunction with
280:, deceased, and continued to represent that borough in the parliaments of 1678–9, 1679, and 1680–1. Though a Protestant he zealously advocated the right of
1095:
1075:
901:
422:
406:
102:
1090:
798:
790:
766:
449:, was entrusted by the French government with considerable sums of money for political purposes. In a gesture, which was also intended to be a test case,
608:
1130:
738:
714:
1065:
1045:
894:
729:
402:
269:
125:
429:
in succession to the Earl of
Sunderland, and was one of the council of five appointed by the king to represent him in London during his absence at
1125:
1070:
1060:
852:
781:
630:
398:
373:
was.' Preston obeyed these orders, but declined to receive a visit from Burnet. He was ordered to endeavour to trace out Bomeny, the valet to the
564:
could not affect his
Scottish peerage, as no act of forfeiture against him passed in Scotland. Early in August 1691, Preston was recommitted to
867:
366:
212:
conspirator, but his reputation in the
Jacobite community suffered when he gave evidence against his co-conspirators in exchange for a pardon.
83:
357:
disturbed, and ordered one of
Preston's spies out of his presence as a liar. In September Preston presented a strongly worded memorial to the
838:
833:
385:. At the beginning of 1684, he heard reports that he was to be recalled, but the king disavowed any such intention in a very cordial letter.
237:
911:
843:
604:
253:
137:
948:
1120:
1110:
1100:
487:
470:
603:
on 22 December 1695, and was buried in the chancel of the church. He married, on 2 August 1670, Lady Anne Howard, second daughter of
926:
884:
536:
532:
491:
95:
552:
length, on 1 May, he made a further confession, and gained thereby another reprieve of three weeks, 'which, 'tis believed,' writes
469:. In May he was arrested, brought up to London, committed to the Tower, and not admitted to bail until 25 October. Meanwhile, the
802:
770:
683:
454:
374:
285:
233:
308:
in 1635 had given the warrant to Sir
Richard Graham, the patentee's grandfather, and that it had afterwards been burnt by the
938:
418:
933:
874:
568:
for refusing to give evidence against some 'criminals,' but was soon bailed out. Thereafter he was permitted to retire to
426:
414:
60:
1017:
979:
643:"Soho Square Area: Portland Estate, No. 21 Soho Square Pages 72-73 Survey of London: Volumes 33 and 34, St Anne Soho"
205:
405:
he was entrusted by James with the management of the House of
Commons which met on 19 May, was sworn a member of the
996:
229:
1055:
987:
756:
1115:
1105:
817:
586:
333:
297:
197:
33:
465:. In March 1689 he was reported to be in the north of England concerting measures for the restoration of the
381:. For his attention to the privileges in France of the Scottish people, he gained the thanks of the Scottish
718:
540:
277:
511:
345:
317:
705:
474:
410:
369:
by the king's commands gave Preston directions to let the ministers in France know 'what a very ill man
353:
249:
182:
1040:
1035:
777:
725:
482:
305:
265:
25:
572:
in Yorkshire, which he had inherited from his great-uncle, pursued by the execrations of his party.
956:
642:
466:
450:
446:
442:
358:
341:
293:
281:
580:
Preston employed the remainder of his life in revising for the press a translation with notes of
557:
553:
458:
241:
201:
695:
969:
362:
433:
in November 1688. He vainly endeavoured to impress upon James the necessity of moderation.
1003:
600:
569:
378:
337:
48:
565:
478:
477:, for which he held a life patent for the place. Preston thereupon appeared before the
462:
370:
301:
289:
502:
1029:
672:
544:
245:
221:
158:
560:
granted £600 a year from the forfeited estate to Lady Preston and her children. The
548:
515:
752:
743:
394:
382:
42:
527:
349:
273:
225:
209:
177:
162:
561:
430:
313:
309:
581:
510:
Soon after midnight on 1 January 1691 Preston, Major Edmund Elliott, and
523:
292:, 2 November 1680. His exertions were rewarded by his being created a
519:
671: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
377:, who was suspected of being privy to that nobleman's death in the
501:
473:
had commenced an action against him to recover the profits of the
321:
236:(d. 1654). His mother was Lady Mary Johnstone, second daughter of
393:
Preston returned home at the accession of James II, settling in
312:. In July 1681 Preston was in attendance on the Duke of York at
409:
on 21 October, and five days later became chancellor to the
631:
History of Parliament Online - Graham, Sir Richard, 3rd Bt.
300:, and Baron Graham of Eske. The patent, which is dated at
288:
he moved in the Commons on behalf of the Duke against the
365:, looking on it as done to himself’. In October 1683 the
591:
giving way under trials which they had never undergone.
514:
were seized as they lay concealed in the hatches of a
461:, which title was not recognised subsequently by the
696:
Trial of John Ashton, Edmund Elliot, Richard Graham
176:
168:
152:
147:
131:
119:
101:
89:
77:
59:
23:
296:by the title of Viscount Preston in the county of
248:, although not on the foundation. He proceeded to
208:in two periods between 1675 and 1689. He became a
1051:Secretaries of state for the Northern Department
324:, where he made a speech about the succession.
902:Secretary of State for the Northern Department
252:, about 1664. On 4 February 1666 he graduated
200:(24 September 1648 – 22 December 1695) was an
103:Secretary of State for the Northern Department
1081:People educated at Westminster School, London
344:. His instructions included many relating to
284:, to the succession. Supported by other high
8:
687:. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
397:, and on 2 April 1685 was elected M.P. for
701:
609:William Widdrington, 4th Baron Widdrington
453:, created him, by letters patent dated at
228:, on 24 September 1648, the eldest son of
41:
20:
421:. At the end of October 1688 he was made
320:; and on 26 August was with the duke at
232:(d. 1658), of Netherby, son and heir of
1096:Peers of Scotland created by Charles II
1076:Members of the Privy Council of England
620:
316:; on 1 August he took his place in the
204:diplomat and politician who sat in the
1086:Peers created by James II (1689–1701)
626:
624:
457:21 January 1689 Baron of Esk, in the
445:Preston, who was in high favour with
238:James Johnstone, 1st Earl of Hartfell
7:
1091:Viscounts in the Peerage of Scotland
605:Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Carlisle
195:Richard Graham, 1st Viscount Preston
698:. (t16910115-29, 15 January 1691).
276:, on 8 June 1675, in the place of
14:
1131:Prisoners in the Tower of London
684:Dictionary of National Biography
666:
375:Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex
1066:Lord-lieutenants of Westmorland
1046:Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford
389:Political career under James II
361:'touching his seizing upon the
234:Sir Richard Graham, 1st Baronet
1126:17th-century English diplomats
1071:Lord Presidents of the Council
1061:Lord-lieutenants of Cumberland
230:Sir George Graham, 2nd Baronet
1:
934:Lord Lieutenant of Cumberland
875:Lord President of the Council
692:Old Bailey Proceedings Online
481:on 11 November, claiming the
427:Lord President of the Council
415:Lord Lieutenant of Cumberland
304:on 12 May 1681, recites that
61:Lord President of the Council
825:English Ambassador to France
587:De Consolatione Philosophiae
679:Graham, Richard (1648-1695)
1147:
506:Nunnington Hall, Yorkshire
172:22 December 1695 (aged 47)
1014:
1001:
993:
986:
976:
967:
962:
955:
945:
931:
923:
918:
908:
899:
891:
881:
872:
864:
859:
849:
822:
814:
809:
795:
775:
763:
749:
723:
711:
704:
352:, and to the proposal to
332:In May 1682 he succeeded
188:
143:
108:
66:
55:
40:
498:Arrest, trial and pardon
786:1685–1689
734:1675–1681
912:The Earl of Nottingham
868:The Earl of Sunderland
647:British History Online
576:Translator of Boethius
507:
413:. In 1687 he was made
318:Parliament of Scotland
138:The Earl of Nottingham
84:The Earl of Sunderland
1121:English MPs 1685–1687
1111:English MPs 1680–1681
1101:English MPs 1661–1679
988:Baronetage of England
895:The Earl of Middleton
839:The Earl of Dumbarton
834:The Earl of Feversham
706:Parliament of England
505:
250:Christ Church, Oxford
240:. He was educated at
216:Origins and education
183:Christ Church, Oxford
126:The Earl of Middleton
778:Member of Parliament
726:Member of Parliament
437:Jacobite conspirator
266:Member of Parliament
30:The Viscount Preston
26:The Right Honourable
957:Peerage of Scotland
803:Sir George Fletcher
771:Sir George Fletcher
595:Death and posterity
455:St. Germain-en-Laye
338:envoy extraordinary
282:James, Duke of York
264:Graham was elected
220:Graham was born at
927:The Earl of Thanet
860:Political offices
853:The Lord Churchill
757:Sir Daniel Fleming
739:Sir Wilfrid Lawson
715:Sir Wilfrid Lawson
508:
475:office of wardrobe
459:Peerage of England
423:northern Secretary
367:Earl of Sunderland
260:Rise to prominence
242:Westminster School
16:English politician
1056:English Jacobites
1024:
1023:
1015:Succeeded by
977:Succeeded by
946:Succeeded by
909:Succeeded by
885:The Earl of Danby
882:Succeeded by
850:Succeeded by
844:The Earl of Arran
829:1682-1685
810:Diplomatic posts
796:Succeeded by
750:Succeeded by
328:Diplomatic career
192:
191:
156:24 September 1648
96:The Earl of Danby
1138:
1116:English MPs 1681
1106:English MPs 1679
1012:1658–1695
994:Preceded by
974:1681–1695
970:Viscount Preston
949:Sir John Lowther
943:1687–1688
924:Preceded by
919:Honorary titles
906:1688–1689
892:Preceded by
879:1688–1689
865:Preceded by
815:Preceded by
799:Sir John Lowther
791:Sir John Lowther
767:Sir John Lowther
764:Preceded by
746:1679–1681
712:Preceded by
702:
688:
670:
669:
659:
658:
656:
654:
639:
633:
628:
599:Preston died at
294:peer of Scotland
206:House of Commons
148:Personal details
134:
122:
113:
92:
80:
71:
45:
21:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1010:
1006:
999:
982:
973:
951:
942:
936:
929:
914:
905:
897:
887:
878:
870:
855:
842:
837:
830:
828:
820:
805:
801:
787:
785:
773:
769:
759:
755:
753:Sir Orlando Gee
744:Sir Orlando Gee
742:
741:1675–1679
735:
733:
721:
717:
676:
667:
663:
662:
652:
650:
641:
640:
636:
629:
622:
617:
601:Nunnington Hall
597:
578:
570:Nunnington Hall
500:
471:Earl of Montagu
439:
391:
379:Tower of London
342:court of France
330:
262:
218:
157:
132:
120:
114:
109:
90:
78:
72:
67:
51:
49:Godfrey Kneller
36:
31:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1144:
1142:
1134:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1021:
1016:
1013:
1000:
995:
991:
990:
984:
983:
978:
975:
966:
960:
959:
953:
952:
947:
944:
930:
925:
921:
920:
916:
915:
910:
907:
898:
893:
889:
888:
883:
880:
871:
866:
862:
861:
857:
856:
851:
848:
821:
816:
812:
811:
807:
806:
797:
794:
774:
765:
761:
760:
751:
748:
722:
713:
709:
708:
700:
699:
689:
661:
660:
634:
619:
618:
616:
613:
596:
593:
577:
574:
566:Newgate Prison
541:Francis Turner
499:
496:
479:House of Lords
463:House of Lords
438:
435:
403:Lord Middleton
390:
387:
383:royal boroughs
363:city of Orange
329:
326:
302:Windsor Castle
290:Exclusion Bill
261:
258:
254:Master of Arts
217:
214:
190:
189:
186:
185:
180:
174:
173:
170:
166:
165:
154:
150:
149:
145:
144:
141:
140:
135:
129:
128:
123:
117:
116:
106:
105:
99:
98:
93:
87:
86:
81:
75:
74:
64:
63:
57:
56:
53:
52:
46:
38:
37:
32:
29:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1143:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1019:
1018:Edward Graham
1011:
1007:
1005:
998:
997:George Graham
992:
989:
985:
981:
980:Edward Graham
972:
971:
965:
961:
958:
954:
950:
941:
940:
935:
928:
922:
917:
913:
904:
903:
896:
890:
886:
877:
876:
869:
863:
858:
854:
847:
845:
840:
835:
827:
826:
819:
813:
808:
804:
800:
793:
792:
784:
783:
779:
772:
768:
762:
758:
754:
747:
745:
740:
732:
731:
727:
720:
716:
710:
707:
703:
697:
693:
690:
686:
685:
680:
674:
673:public domain
665:
664:
648:
644:
638:
635:
632:
627:
625:
621:
614:
612:
610:
606:
602:
594:
592:
589:
588:
583:
575:
573:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
550:
546:
545:Bishop of Ely
542:
538:
534:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
504:
497:
495:
493:
489:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
436:
434:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
411:queen-dowager
408:
407:privy council
404:
400:
396:
388:
386:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
327:
325:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
259:
257:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
215:
213:
211:
207:
203:
199:
196:
187:
184:
181:
179:
175:
171:
167:
164:
160:
155:
151:
146:
142:
139:
136:
130:
127:
124:
118:
112:
107:
104:
100:
97:
94:
88:
85:
82:
76:
70:
65:
62:
58:
54:
50:
44:
39:
35:
27:
22:
19:
1009:
1002:
968:
964:New creation
963:
932:
900:
873:
846:(1683-1684)
832:
823:
818:Henry Savile
789:
776:
737:
724:
691:
682:
651:. Retrieved
646:
637:
598:
585:
579:
549:William Penn
509:
488:king's bench
440:
392:
334:Henry Savile
331:
263:
219:
194:
193:
133:Succeeded by
110:
91:Succeeded by
68:
47:Portrait by
18:
1041:1695 deaths
1036:1648 births
939:Westmorland
730:Cockermouth
719:John Clarke
518:making for
512:John Ashton
425:and chosen
419:Westmorland
395:Soho Square
359:French king
278:John Clarke
270:Cockermouth
121:Preceded by
79:Preceded by
1030:Categories
782:Cumberland
653:5 December
649:. LCC 1966
615:References
528:Old Bailey
492:Carmarthen
443:revolution
441:After the
399:Cumberland
371:Dr. Burnet
354:Charles II
350:Luxembourg
298:Haddington
274:Cumberland
226:Cumberland
178:Alma mater
163:Cumberland
1008:(of Esk)
562:attainder
537:Dartmouth
533:Clarendon
483:privilege
447:Louis XIV
431:Salisbury
314:Edinburgh
306:Charles I
268:(MP) for
115:1688–1689
111:In office
73:1688–1689
69:In office
582:Boethius
554:Luttrell
451:James II
246:Dr Busby
222:Netherby
210:Jacobite
159:Netherby
1004:Baronet
675::
524:Dunkirk
340:to the
202:English
841:(1683)
836:(1682)
831:With:
788:With:
736:With:
547:, and
520:Calais
346:Orange
310:rebels
286:Tories
244:under
558:queen
516:smack
322:Leith
937:and
780:for
728:for
655:2022
467:king
417:and
348:and
169:Died
153:Born
681:".
584:'s
522:or
336:as
1032::
694:,
645:.
623:^
543:,
539:,
535:,
272:,
256:.
224:,
198:PC
161:,
34:PC
677:"
657:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
