338:, the tendency of animals to allocate their choices in direct proportion to the rewards they provide. To illustrate the phenomenon, if there are two sources of reward, one of which is twice as rich as the other, Herrnstein found that animals often chose at twice the frequency the alternative that was seemingly twice as valuable. That is known as matching, both in quantitative analysis of behavior and
44:
549:
Herrnstein married his first wife, Barbara Brodo, in May 1951. The couple had a daughter together, Julia, before their divorce in
February 1961. Through his second marriage to Susan Chalk Gouinlock, in November 1961, he fathered two sons named Max and James. Herrnstein died of
540:
are rates of reinforcement for the same two responses. Behavior conforming to this law is matching, and explanations of matching and of departures from matching are a large and important part of the literature on behavioral choice.
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Perhaps his most notable accomplishment was the formulation of the matching law: choices are distributed according to rates of reinforcement for making the choices. An instance for two choices can be stated mathematically as
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Herrnstein was considered a "star pupil" of B. F. Skinner while working for his PhD at
Harvard. He worked with Skinner in the Harvard pigeon lab that he ran until his death. His research greatly contributed to the field of
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Herrnstein was the Edgar Pierce
Professor of Psychology at Harvard University. He was the chairman of the Harvard Department of Psychology from 1967 to 1971. He also acted as the editor of the
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tradition. Herrnstein was the Edgar Pierce
Professor of Psychology until his death, and previously chaired the Harvard Department of Psychology for five years. With political scientist
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318:, receiving a B.A. from the latter in 1952. In 1955, Herrnstein obtained his Ph.D. at Harvard University, with a thesis titled
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Behavioral
Consequences of the Removal of a Discriminative Stimulus Associated with Variable-Interval Reinforcement
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immigrants; the son of Flora Irene (nÊe
Friedman) and Rezso Herrnstein, a housepainter. He was educated at the
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Richard
Herrnstein was born on May 20, 1930, in New York City, to a family of
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The
Matching Law: Papers in Psychology and Economics by Richard J. Herrnstein
585:, Richard J. Herrnstein, Atlantic Monthly Press 1973 (expansion of article,
501:{\displaystyle {\frac {R_{1}}{R_{1}+R_{2}}}={\frac {r_{1}}{r_{1}+r_{2}}}}
322:. Before joining the Harvard faculty, he worked for three years in the
794:. Vol. 4. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 240â241.
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Crime and Human Nature: The
Definitive Study of the Causes of Crime
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in the 1970s, and became prominent with the publication of his and
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Ohles, Frederik; Ohles, Shirley M.; Ramsay, John G., eds. (1997).
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His major research finding as an experimental psychologist is the
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The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class
Structure in American Life
570:, Edited by Richard J. Herrnstein, Edwin G. Boring, Harvard 1965
601:, James Q. Wilson, Richard J. Herrnstein, The Free Press 1985
650:, Edited by Howard Rachlin, David I. Laibson, Harvard 1997
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Herrnstein's research focused first on natural concepts and
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from 1975 to 1981. In 1977, he was elected a Fellow of the
816:"Members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences - H"
722:"Richard Herrnstein, 64, Dies; Backed Nature Over Nurture"
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are rates of response for two alternative responses, and
276:. He was an active researcher in animal learning in the
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People involved in race and intelligence controversies
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Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
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Biographical Dictionary of Modern American Educators
268:(May 20, 1930 â September 13, 1994) was an American
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Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
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Harvard University Department of Psychology faculty
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612:Herrnstein, Richard J.; Murray, Charles (1994).
296:Society for Quantitative Analysis of Behavior
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920:American people of Hungarian-Jewish descent
792:The Scribner Encyclopedia of American Lives
756:. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. pp.
568:A Source Book in the History of Psychology
360:A Source Book in the History of Psychology
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294:. He was one of the founders of the
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910:Race and crime in the United States
860:20th-century American psychologists
688:. SAGE Publications. p. 206.
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905:Jewish American social scientists
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29:American psychologist (1930â1994)
790:. In Jackson, Kenneth T. (ed.).
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875:City College of New York alumni
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312:High School of Music & Art
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788:"Herrnstein, Richard Julius"
748:"Herrnstein, Richard Julius"
633:James Heckman (March 1995).
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925:20th-century American Jews
885:Experimental psychologists
870:Behaviourist psychologists
682:Klein, Stephen B. (2013).
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346:with William Vaughan, Jr.
786:Gordon, Nancy M. (2001).
587:"I.Q. In the Meritocracy"
266:Richard Julius Herrnstein
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58:Richard Julius Herrnstein
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618:. New York: Free Press.
554:shortly before the book
316:City College of New York
302:Early life and education
105:City College of New York
582:I.Q. in the Meritocracy
340:mathematical psychology
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368:Psychological Bulletin
93:Belmont, Massachusetts
865:American sociologists
562:Selected bibliography
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400:Further information:
187:Susan Chalk Gouinlock
18:Richard J. Herrnstein
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386:controversial book,
354:. In 1965, and with
342:. He also developed
358:, Herrnstein wrote
726:The New York Times
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380:human intelligence
344:melioration theory
324:United States Army
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242:Harvard University
114:Harvard University
84:September 13, 1994
48:Herrnstein in 1981
36:Richard Herrnstein
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330:Research and work
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86:(1994-09-13)
68:May 20, 1930
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855:1994 deaths
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828:January 14,
552:lung cancer
232:Behaviorism
844:Categories
662:References
556:Bell Curve
278:Skinnerian
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64:1930-05-20
314:and the
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133:(1994)
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533:and
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80:Died
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