385:, who somehow managed to insert it into his book âThe Conceptual Development of Quantum Mechanicsâ, although the latter bears the publication date 1966. This caused Friedberg some embarrassment later when classmates at Harvard, knowing of the result only through Jammerâs book, supposed that Friedberg was the first discoverer. (A letter from Friedberg to Jammer dated May 1971 begins, âIt was nice of you to remember what I showed you in 1968. I finally got around to writing it up in 1969, but just then I found out about Bellâs 1964 paper (Physics 1, 195) which had anticipated my âdiscoveryâ by three years. So I did not publish.â) More recently, Friedberg worked on the foundations of quantum mechanics in collaboration with the late
63:
120:
22:
635:âCompatible Quantum Theoryâ, R. Friedberg, P.C. Hohenberg, Rep. Prog. Phys. 77, 2014, 092001 - 092035; âWhat is Quantum Mechanics? A Minimal Formulation R. Friedberg, P. C. Hohenbergâ, Published by Springer-Verlag 21 February 2018 by Springer-Verlag in Foundations of Physics, Feb 21, page 1 (2018).
546:âCompatible Quantum Theoryâ, R. Friedberg, P.C. Hohenberg, Rep. Prog. Phys. 77, 2014, 092001 - 092035; âWhat is Quantum Mechanics? A Minimal Formulation R. Friedberg, P. C. Hohenbergâ, Published by Springer-Verlag 21 February 2018 by Springer-Verlag in Foundations of Physics, Feb 21, page 1 (2018)
405:
Friedberg wrote an informal book on number theory titled "An
Adventurer's Guide to Number Theory". In the book, he states, "The difference between the theory of numbers and arithmetic is like the difference between poetry and grammar."
361:
Friedberg's most well-known work dates back to the mid-1950s. As an undergraduate at
Harvard, he published several papers over a period of 2â3 years. The first paper introduced the priority method, a common technique in
431:"Three theorems on recursive enumeration. I. Decomposition. II. Maximal set. III. Enumeration without duplication", Richard M. Friedberg, Journal of Symbolic Logic, Volume 23, Issue 3 September 1958, pp. 309â316.
610:âThree theorems on recursive enumeration. I. Decomposition. II. Maximal set. III. Enumeration without duplicationâ, Richard M. Friedberg, Journal of Symbolic Logic, Volume 23, Issue 3 September 1958, pp. 309-316
153:
463:"Efficient Sorting of Genomic Permutation by Translocation, inversion and block interchange" S. Yancopoulos, O. Attie, Friedberg, Bioinformatics vol. 21, pp 3352â59 (2005).
396:
in 1989. The last letter contains two sonnets âThe
Electromagnetic Spectrumâ and "Fermions and Bosons". These letters also include critiques and analyses of topics in
252:
460:"Frequency Shifts in Emission and Absorption by Resonant Systems of Two-Level Atoms", (with S. R. Hartmann and J. T. Manassah), Phys. Reports 7C, 101 (1973).
425:"A criterion for completeness of degrees of unsolvability", Richard. M. Friedberg, Journal of Symbolic Logic, Volume 22, Issue 2 June 1957, pp. 159â160.
592:âA criterion for completeness of degrees of unsolvability", Richard. M. Friedberg, Journal of Symbolic Logic, Volume 22, Issue 2, June 1957, pp. 159-160
721:
313:(born October 8, 1935) is a theoretical physicist who has contributed to a wide variety of problems in mathematics and physics. These include
35:
528:âDerivation of Reggeâs Action from Einsteinâs Theory of General Relativityâ, R. Friedberg and T. D. Lee, Nucl. Phys. B 242, 145 (1984).
457:"Derivation of Reggeâs Action from Einsteinâs Theory of General Relativity", R. Friedberg and T. D. Lee, Nucl. Phys. B 242, 145 (1984).
415:"Two Recursively Enumerable Sets Not Recursive in Each Other", Richard Friedberg, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. vol. 43, p. 236 (1957) .
736:
624:
619:
The
Conceptual Development of Quantum Mechanics. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1966 2nd ed: New York: American Institute of Physics, 1989.
507:
189:
171:
101:
49:
447:"Path Integrals in Polar Variables with Spontaneously Broken Symmetry", R. Friedberg, J. Math Phys. vol. 36, p. 2675 (1995).
726:
392:
Friedberg is also known for his love of music and poetry. He wrote poems in several letters to cognitive scientist and writer
139:
79:
72:
701:
537:âEfficient Sorting of Genomic Permutation...â S. Yancopoulos, O. Attie, Friedberg, Bioinformatics vol. 21, pp 3352-59 (2005)
688:"An Adventurerâs Guide to Number Theory", R. Friedberg. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1968; reissued by Dover Publications, 1994.
601:âA Learning Machine: Part Iâ, R. M. Friedberg, IBM Journal of Research and Development (Volume: 2, Issue: 1, Jan. 1958).
428:"A Learning Machine: Part I", R.M. Friedberg, IBM Journal of Research and Development (Volume: 2, Issue: 1, Jan. 1958).
444:"The Electrostatics and Magnetostatics of a Conducting Disc", R. Friedberg, Am. J. Phys vol. 61, p. 1084 (1993).
367:
83:
41:
583:âTwo Recursively Enumerable Sets Not Recursive in Each Otherâ, , Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. vol. 43, p. 236 (1957) .
149:
381:, not knowing that J. S. Bell had proved it a few years earlier. He showed it to the physicist and historian
135:
130:
731:
716:
435:
363:
346:
322:
286:
439:
402:, a collection of articles that Hofstadter wrote for Scientific American during the early 1980s.
398:
393:
350:
326:
314:
242:
620:
503:
378:
495:
464:
448:
416:
386:
330:
293:
230:
491:
Proceedings of the 2004 Congress on
Evolutionary Computation (IEEE Cat No 04TH8753) CEC-04
434:"Dual Trees and Resummation Theorems", R. Friedberg, J. Math. Phys. vol. 16, p 20 (1974).
282:
334:
710:
371:
318:
298:
226:
468:
78:
It may require cleanup to comply with
Knowledge's content policies, particularly
119:
489:
382:
499:
272:
677:
666:
655:
644:
420:
345:
Friedberg was born in
Manhattan on Oct 8, 1935, the child of cardiologist
452:
113:
56:
15:
377:
In 1968, Friedberg proved independently what became known as
337:, genome research, and the foundations of quantum physics.
145:
71:
A major contributor to this article appears to have a
292:
278:
268:
248:
238:
211:
204:
257:IEEE Evolutionary Computation Pioneer Award (2004)
134:, potentially preventing the article from being
253:William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition
488:"2004 Pioneer Award - Richard M. Friedberg".
8:
50:Learn how and when to remove these messages
201:
154:reliable, independent, third-party sources
190:Learn how and when to remove this message
172:Learn how and when to remove this message
102:Learn how and when to remove this message
678:http://physics.gmu.edu/~isatija/R2D5.pdf
667:http://physics.gmu.edu/~isatija/R2D4.pdf
656:http://physics.gmu.edu/~isatija/R2D3.pdf
645:http://physics.gmu.edu/~isatija/R2D2.pdf
148:by replacing them with more appropriate
480:
131:too closely associated with the subject
366:, in order to prove the existence of
7:
14:
31:This article has multiple issues.
722:21st-century American physicists
129:may rely excessively on sources
118:
82:. Please discuss further on the
61:
20:
39:or discuss these issues on the
1:
469:10.1093/bioinformatics/bti535
561:New York, New York, New York
368:recursively enumerable sets
753:
737:Harvard University alumni
702:FriedbergâMuchnik theorem
304:
261:
571:; Enumeration District:
500:10.1109/CEC.2004.1330827
372:degrees of unsolvability
727:Theoretical physicists
494:. 2004. pp. xi.
421:10.1073/pnas.43.2.236
410:Selected publications
80:neutral point of view
364:computability theory
347:Charles K. Friedberg
311:Richard M. Friedberg
440:1975JMP....16...20F
323:solid state physics
287:Columbia University
399:Metamagical Themas
394:Douglas Hofstadter
370:with incomparable
351:Gertrude Tonkonogy
327:general relativity
315:mathematical logic
243:Harvard University
379:Bellâs inequality
349:, and playwright
308:
307:
263:Scientific career
206:Richard Friedberg
200:
199:
192:
182:
181:
174:
112:
111:
104:
75:with its subject.
54:
744:
689:
686:
680:
675:
669:
664:
658:
653:
647:
642:
636:
633:
627:
617:
611:
608:
602:
599:
593:
590:
584:
581:
575:
559:; Census Place:
553:
547:
544:
538:
535:
529:
526:
520:
519:
517:
516:
485:
453:10.1063/1.531360
387:Pierre Hohenberg
331:particle physics
294:Doctoral advisor
222:
220:
202:
195:
188:
177:
170:
166:
163:
157:
122:
114:
107:
100:
96:
93:
87:
73:close connection
65:
64:
57:
46:
24:
23:
16:
752:
751:
747:
746:
745:
743:
742:
741:
707:
706:
698:
693:
692:
687:
683:
676:
672:
665:
661:
654:
650:
643:
639:
634:
630:
618:
614:
609:
605:
600:
596:
591:
587:
582:
578:
554:
550:
545:
541:
536:
532:
527:
523:
514:
512:
510:
487:
486:
482:
477:
412:
359:
343:
285:
283:Barnard College
256:
239:Alma mater
234:
224:
218:
216:
207:
196:
185:
184:
183:
178:
167:
161:
158:
143:
123:
108:
97:
91:
88:
77:
66:
62:
25:
21:
12:
11:
5:
750:
748:
740:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
709:
708:
705:
704:
697:
694:
691:
690:
681:
670:
659:
648:
637:
628:
612:
603:
594:
585:
576:
548:
539:
530:
521:
508:
479:
478:
476:
473:
472:
471:
461:
458:
455:
445:
442:
432:
429:
426:
423:
411:
408:
358:
355:
342:
339:
335:quantum optics
306:
305:
302:
301:
296:
290:
289:
280:
276:
275:
270:
266:
265:
259:
258:
250:
246:
245:
240:
236:
235:
225:
215:8 October 1935
213:
209:
208:
205:
198:
197:
180:
179:
126:
124:
117:
110:
109:
69:
67:
60:
55:
29:
28:
26:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
749:
738:
735:
733:
732:Living people
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
714:
712:
703:
700:
699:
695:
685:
682:
679:
674:
671:
668:
663:
660:
657:
652:
649:
646:
641:
638:
632:
629:
626:
625:0-88318-617-9
622:
616:
613:
607:
604:
598:
595:
589:
586:
580:
577:
574:
570:
566:
565:m-t0627-02655
562:
558:
552:
549:
543:
540:
534:
531:
525:
522:
511:
509:0-7803-8515-2
505:
501:
497:
493:
492:
484:
481:
474:
470:
466:
462:
459:
456:
454:
450:
446:
443:
441:
437:
433:
430:
427:
424:
422:
418:
414:
413:
409:
407:
403:
401:
400:
395:
390:
388:
384:
380:
375:
373:
369:
365:
357:Academic work
356:
354:
352:
348:
340:
338:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
319:number theory
316:
312:
303:
300:
299:Tsung-Dao Lee
297:
295:
291:
288:
284:
281:
277:
274:
271:
267:
264:
260:
254:
251:
247:
244:
241:
237:
232:
228:
227:New York City
223:(age 88)
214:
210:
203:
194:
191:
176:
173:
165:
155:
151:
147:
141:
137:
133:
132:
127:This article
125:
121:
116:
115:
106:
103:
95:
85:
81:
76:
74:
68:
59:
58:
53:
51:
44:
43:
38:
37:
32:
27:
18:
17:
684:
673:
662:
651:
640:
631:
615:
606:
597:
588:
579:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
551:
542:
533:
524:
513:. Retrieved
490:
483:
404:
397:
391:
376:
360:
344:
310:
309:
279:Institutions
262:
186:
168:
159:
144:Please help
128:
98:
89:
70:
47:
40:
34:
33:Please help
30:
717:1935 births
711:Categories
515:2023-10-21
475:References
383:Max Jammer
341:Early life
219:1935-10-08
162:March 2018
146:improve it
136:verifiable
92:March 2018
36:improve it
273:Physicist
150:citations
84:talk page
42:talk page
696:See also
567:; Page:
563:; Roll:
231:New York
573:31-1314
436:Bibcode
217: (
140:neutral
623:
555:Year:
506:
269:Fields
255:(1956)
249:Awards
233:, U.S.
621:ISBN
557:1940
504:ISBN
212:Born
138:and
496:doi
465:doi
449:doi
417:doi
152:to
713::
569:1A
502:.
389:.
374:.
353:.
333:,
329:,
325:,
321:,
317:,
229:,
45:.
518:.
498::
467::
451::
438::
419::
221:)
193:)
187:(
175:)
169:(
164:)
160:(
156:.
142:.
105:)
99:(
94:)
90:(
86:.
52:)
48:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.