395:, and Geoffrey Blanford to prepare the "Challenge Paper" on global warming which examined three approaches devised by Lomborg for tackling the issue. The 3 results were then compared with 27 similar investigations, 3 each relating to 9 other 'challenges' in the areas of health and environment. Of the 30 policy alternatives that resulted, Lomborg's ranking procedure rated the 2 dealing with controlling
24:
364:". According to Tol, the old and new results were not significantly different. The degree to which the corrected, more pessimistic results alter the original conclusions and their policy implications was hotly debated. In 2015 it was reported that a second round of corrections to the paper was necessary.
359:
In 2009, Tol published a controversial paper that combined data from several earlier studies, concluding that at least some amount of global warming could lead to economic gains. In 2014, he published an update, correcting missing minus signs that had turned economic costs into benefits and adding
337:
of $ 20/tC would be a policy in line with estimates of the cost of carbon. He acknowledges that this level of taxation is too low to significantly discourage fossil fuel use but argues it would help to stimulate the development of fuel-saving technology and improve the competitiveness of renewable
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on the Yohe/Tol study stated that "a short time period analysis is misleading" when all the costs are incurred during the period examined but benefits continue to accrue after its conclusion. He pointed out that the study "stops short of the most that can be supported on a cost benefit basis" and
371:
Working Group II: Impacts, Adaptation and
Vulnerability. Tol said in March 2014 that he had withdrawn from the writing team for the Summary for Policy Makers of the report in September 2013, citing disagreement with the profile of the report which he considered too alarmist and putting too little
413:
later accused
Lomborg of "deliberate distortion of our conclusions", adding that "as one of the authors of the Copenhagen Consensus Project's principal climate paper, I can say with certainty that Lomborg is misrepresenting our findings thanks to a highly selective memory". In a subsequent joint
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emphasis on opportunities to adapt to climate changes. On 20 May 2014 Tol claimed that the IPCC is alarmist because it favors initial scientific papers published on an issue, rather than the follow-up papers, which, he says, tend to "pooh-pooh the initial drama."
300:. Tol was a board member of the International Max Planck Research Schools on Earth System Modeling and Maritime Affairs and the European Forum on Integrated Environmental Assessment. From 1998 to 2008 he was an adjunct professor at
296:. Before that, Tol was the Michael Otto Professor of Sustainability and Global Change and director of the Center for Marine and Atmospheric Sciences and board member of the Center for Marine and Climate Research at the
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327:"list of scientists disputing man-made global warming claims", which stated that Tol "dismissed the idea that mankind must act now to prevent catastrophic global warming".
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stated that "it does not seem reasonable" to rely solely on Tol's own FUND model when alternatives "reported in the peer-reviewed literature are also credible".
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Lomborg awarded Tol a position on his
Copenhagen Consensus panel again in 2009. Tol said that Lomborg "plays a useful role in the debate on climate policy".
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statement settling their differences, Lomborg and Yohe agreed that the "failure" of
Lomborg's emissions reduction plan "could be traced to faulty design".
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He argues against the 2 °C 'guardrail' target for limiting temperature rises. Tol does not advocate another target, but has suggested that a
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Tol characterises his position as arguing that the economic costs of climate policy should be kept in proportion to its benefits.
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in 2005, he argued that temperature rises between 2–4 °C would also have advantages. North of a line drawn from Paris to
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The
Deniers: The world-renowned scientists who stood up against global warming hysteria, political persecution, and fraud
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320:, Tol considers the impact of climate change to be "relatively small". Despite being an economist he was also among the
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R.S.J. Tol (2008), The Social Cost of Carbon: Trends, Outliers and
Catastrophes, Economics the E-Journal, 2008–25
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energy sources. He states that compliance may affect the coal and oil industries and the people they employ.
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in 1992 and a PhD in economics in 1997 at the VU University
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Tol, Richard S. J. (January 2007). "Europe's long-term climate target: A critical evaluation".
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304:'s Department of Engineering and Public Policy, and from 2010 to 2011 an adjunct professor at
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811:"Second correction for controversial paper on the financial benefits of climate change"
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234:. In 1998, he contributed with some nineteen other academics to a joint project of the
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966:"The Irish Economy » Blog Archive » Economics, voodoo, and climate policy"
759:""Gremlins" caused errors in climate change paper showing gains from global warming"
459:
Handbook on
Methods. for Climate Change Impact Assessment and Adaptation Strategies
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It may require cleanup to comply with
Knowledge's content policies, particularly
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In 2007, Tol predicted a reduction in annual economic growth by 0.4% in the
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785:"The gremlins did it? Iffy statistics drive strong policy recommendations"
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854:"UN climate change expert reveals bias in global warming report"
718:"Correction and Update: The Economic Effects of Climate Change"
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A decision-analytic treatise of the enhanced greenhouse effect
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A decision-analytic treatise of the enhanced greenhouse effect
17:
895:"Copenhagen Consensus 2008 Perspective Paper: Global Warming"
877:"Copenhagen Consensus Challenge Paper 2008: Global Warming"
536:. ESRI Research Bulletin 2009/1/1. Dublin. Archived from
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data overlooked before; the mistakes he attributed to "
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Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change lead authors
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A major contributor to this article appears to have a
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IPCC author brands upcoming climate report 'alarmist'
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ranks him among the top 250 economists in the world.
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387:" project in 2008. In 2008, Tol collaborated with
292:. Previously, Tol was a research professor at the
356:if greenhouse gases were reduced by 3% per year.
913:"Climate change is real, compelling and urgent"
402:A "perspective paper" by Anil Markandya of the
1079:Academic staff of Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
399:29th and 30th in terms of cost effectiveness.
241:Tol regularly participates in studies of the
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367:Tol was a coordinating lead author for the
503:. United States: Richard Vigilante Books.
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63:Learn how and when to remove this message
842:. 28 March 2014. Retrieved 29 March 2014
685:"The Economic Effects of Climate Change"
1049:Dutch expatriates in the United Kingdom
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1024:Economic and Social Research Institute
534:Economic and Social Research Institute
318:scientific consensus on climate change
294:Economic and Social Research Institute
1019:Academics of the University of Sussex
198:) is a professor of economics at the
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254:Environmental and Resource Economics
236:United Nations Environment Programme
1084:Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam alumni
938:Lomborg, Björn (1 September 2008).
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875:Yohe, Gary; Tol, Richard (2008).
527:"Why Worry About Climate Change?"
383:chose Tol to participate in his "
968:. Irisheconomy.ie. 30 April 2010
722:Journal of Economic Perspectives
689:Journal of Economic Perspectives
437:. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.
284:, with a particular interest in
263:Environmental Science and Policy
167:, Harmen Verbruggen, Aart de Vos
43:. Please discuss further on the
22:
202:. He is also professor of the
1:
1044:21st-century Dutch economists
911:Yohe, Gary (22 August 2008).
783:Andrew Gelman (23 May 2014).
583:Financial Times, Jan 18, 2007
572:Financial Times, Jan 17, 2008
483:Top 5% Authors on IDEAS/RePEc
397:emissions of greenhouse gases
1059:Members of Academia Europaea
852:Tol, Richard (20 May 2014).
809:Keith, Ross (22 July 2015).
369:IPCC Fifth Assessment Report
308:'s Department of Economics.
208:Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
155:Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
757:Adam Marcus (21 May 2014).
637:10.1016/j.enpol.2005.12.003
290:economics of global warming
204:economics of climate change
176:Economics of global warming
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594:New Scientist, Dec 5, 2007
433:Tol, Richard S.J. (1997).
302:Carnegie Mellon University
672:Irish Times, Dec 20, 2007
181:
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1074:Sustainability advocates
1034:Environmental economists
893:Markandya, Anil (2008).
238:at his home university.
210:. He is a member of the
559:2 February 2010 at the
456:Feenstra, J.F. (1998).
306:Trinity College, Dublin
282:environmental economics
222:Tol obtained an MSc in
190:(born 2 December 1969,
135:Environmental economics
683:Tol, R. S. J. (2009).
554:Minority Senate report
257:, and a member of the
251:, associate editor of
661:Spiegel, Feb 21, 2005
525:Tol, Richard (2009).
341:In an interview with
298:University of Hamburg
267:Integrated Assessment
243:Energy Modeling Forum
41:neutral point of view
735:10.1257/jep.28.2.221
716:Tol, R.S.J. (2014).
385:Copenhagen Consensus
376:Copenhagen Consensus
200:University of Sussex
145:University of Sussex
940:"It's not about us"
702:10.1257/jep.23.2.29
619:2007EnPol..35..424T
543:on 16 October 2011.
354:Republic of Ireland
276:Tol specialises in
228:operations research
1039:Climate economists
856:. Fox News Channel
404:University of Bath
393:Richard G. Richels
325:Republican Party's
316:Contradicting the
245:, is an editor of
1069:People from Zwaag
1064:People from Hoorn
1029:Energy economists
510:978-0-9800763-7-0
495:Solomon, Lawrence
212:Academia Europaea
188:Richard S. J. Tol
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343:Der Spiegel
271:IDEAS/RePEc
196:Netherlands
141:Institution
114:Nationality
79:Richard Tol
1003:Categories
468:10 October
421:References
335:carbon tax
161:Influences
91:1969-12-02
744:154621000
623:CiteSeerX
443:068588209
411:Gary Yohe
389:Gary Yohe
322:US Senate
45:talk page
946:. London
919:. London
557:Archived
515:, p. 20.
497:(2010).
362:gremlins
53:May 2016
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768:27 June
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192:Hoorn
131:Field
117:Dutch
106:Hoorn
102:Zwaag
974:2012
952:2010
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824:2015
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505:ISBN
470:2008
439:OCLC
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85:Born
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