Rigel - Knowledge (XXG)

2281: 2579: 1317: 1614:

it has a P Cygni profile; most of the rest of the time, the line has an inverse P Cygni profile, where the emission component is on the short wavelength side of the line. Rarely, there is a pure emission Hα line. The line profile changes are interpreted as variations in the quantity and velocity of material being expelled from the star. Occasional very high-velocity outflows have been inferred, and, more rarely, infalling material. The overall picture is one of large

1818: 52: 8052: 2190:(DR2) contains a somewhat unreliable parallax for Rigel B, placing it at about 1,100 light-years (340 parsecs), further away than the Hipparcos distance for Rigel, but similar to the Taurus-Orion R1 association. There is no parallax for Rigel in Gaia DR2. The Gaia DR2 proper motions for Rigel B and the Hipparcos proper motions for Rigel are both small, although not quite the same. 1631: 8076: 59: 8100: 1304:, each three to four times as massive as the Sun. Rigel and the triple system orbit a common center of gravity with a period estimated to be 24,000 years. The inner stars of the triple system orbit each other every 10 days, and the outer star orbits the inner pair every 63 years. A much fainter star, separated from Rigel and the others by nearly an 8088: 1452: 1613:

The unusual Hα line profile is observed to vary unpredictably. It is a normal absorption line around a third of the time. About a quarter of the time, it is a double-peaked line, that is, an absorption line with an emission core or an emission line with an absorption core. About a quarter of the time

2550:

in its core. Due to strong convection of helium produced in the core while Rigel was on the main sequence and in the hydrogen-burning shell since it became a supergiant, the fraction of helium at the surface has increased from 26.6% when the star formed to 32% now. The surface abundances of carbon,

2249:

days. The two spectroscopic components Rigel Ba and Rigel Bb cannot be resolved in optical telescopes but are known to both be hot stars of spectral type around B9. This spectroscopic binary, together with the close visual component Rigel C, is likely a physical triple-star system, although Rigel C

1399:

has speculated that Rigel was designated by Bayer during a rare period when it was outshone by the variable star Betelgeuse, resulting in the latter star being designated "alpha" and Rigel designated "beta". Bayer did not strictly order the stars by brightness, instead grouping them by magnitude.

4970:

Van Genderen, A. M.; Bovenschen, H.; Engelsman, E. C.; Goudfrooy, P.; Van Haarlem, M. P.; Hartmann, D.; Latour, H. J.; Ng, Y. K.; Prein, J. J.; Van Roermund, F. H. P. M.; Roogering, H. J. A.; Steeman, F. W. M.; Tijdhof, W. (1989). "Light variations of massive stars (alpha Cygni variables). IX".

5068:

Chesneau, O.; Dessart, L.; Mourard, D.; Bério, Ph.; Buil, Ch.; Bonneau, D.; Borges Fernandes, M.; Clausse, J. M.; Delaa, O.; Marcotto, A.; Meilland, A.; Millour, F.; Nardetto, N.; Perraut, K.; Roussel, A.; Spang, A.; Stee, P.; Tallon-Bosc, I.; McAlister, H.; Ten Brummelaar, T.; Sturmann, J.;

1672:

class of variable stars, defined as "non-radially pulsating supergiants of the Bep–AepIa spectral types". In those spectral types, the 'e' indicates that it displays emission lines in its spectrum, while the 'p' means it has an unspecified spectral peculiarity. Alpha Cygni type variables are

1677:. Rigel was added to the General Catalogue of Variable Stars in the 74th name-list of variable stars on the basis of the Hipparcos photometry, which showed variations with a photographic amplitude of 0.039 magnitudes and a possible period of 2.075 days. Rigel was observed with the Canadian 2933:

Al-Sufi's book was translated into Latin and other European languages. Al-Sufi himself planned the figures, two for each constellation: one shows how they appear to an observer looking up toward the heavens; the other how they appear to the observer looking down upon a celestial

2384:

Although Rigel is often considered the most luminous star within 1,000 light-years of the Sun, its energy output is poorly known. Using the Hipparcos distance of 860 light-years (264 parsecs), the estimated relative luminosity for Rigel is about 120,000 times that of the Sun

1654:

to be reliably detected. This brightness variation has no obvious period. Observations over 18 nights in 1984 showed variations at red, blue, and yellow wavelengths of up to 0.13 magnitudes on timescales of a few hours to several days, but again no clear period. Rigel's

2155:

first measured the relative position of the companion in 1822, cataloguing the visual pair as Σ 668. The secondary star is often referred to as Rigel B or β Orionis B. The angular separation of Rigel B from Rigel A is 9.5 arc seconds to its south along

1730:

line profiles, and measurement of the regions producing the lines, show that Rigel's stellar wind varies greatly in structure and strength. Loop and arm structures were also detected within the wind. Calculations of mass loss from the Hγ line give

2329:

Estimation of many physical characteristics of blue supergiant stars, including Rigel, is challenging due to their rarity and uncertainty about how far they are from the Sun. As such, their characteristics are mainly estimated from theoretical

2271:

A spectroscopic companion to Rigel was reported on the basis of radial velocity variations, and its orbit was even calculated, but subsequent work suggests the star does not exist and that observed pulsations are intrinsic to Rigel itself.

1239:

is estimated to be ten million times that of the Sun. With an estimated age of seven to nine million years, Rigel has exhausted its core hydrogen fuel, expanded, and cooled to become a supergiant. It is expected to end its life as a

4510:

Moore's Navigation Improved: Being the Theory and Practice of Finding the Latitude, the Longitude, and the Variation of the Compass, by the Fixed Stars and Planets. To which is Prefixed, the Description and Use of the New Celestial

1493:. In the Southern Hemisphere, Rigel is the first bright star of Orion visible as the constellation rises. Correspondingly, it is also the first star of Orion to set in most of the Northern Hemisphere. The star is a vertex of the " 1371:

3823. For simplicity, Rigel's companions are referred to as Rigel B, C, and D; the IAU describes such names as "useful nicknames" that are "unofficial". In modern comprehensive catalogs, the whole multiple star system is known as

2538:

models suggest the pulsations of Rigel are powered by nuclear reactions in a hydrogen-burning shell that is at least partially non-convective. These pulsations are stronger and more numerous in stars that have evolved through a

2197:

suspected Rigel B to be a binary system, and in 1878, he resolved it into two components. This visual companion is designated as component C (Rigel C), with a measured separation from component B that varies from less than

1568:

of its spectral lines, was seen to vary. This was confirmed and interpreted at the time as being due to a spectroscopic companion with a period of about 22 days. The radial velocity has since been measured to vary by about

4320:

Markova, N.; Prinja, R. K.; Markov, H.; Kolka, I.; Morrison, N.; Percy, J.; Adelman, S. (2008). "Wind structure of late B supergiants. I. Multi-line analyses of near-surface and wind structure in HD 199 478 (B8 Iae)".

1335:(IAU) included the name "Rigel" in the IAU Catalog of Star Names. According to the IAU, this proper name applies only to the primary component A of the Rigel system. The system is listed variously in historical 2522:

Due to their closeness to each other and ambiguity of the spectrum, little is known about the intrinsic properties of the members of the Rigel BC triple system. All three stars seem to be near equally hot

6698: 4872:

Waelkens, C.; Aerts, C.; Kestens, E.; Grenon, M.; Eyer, L. (1998). "Study of an unbiased sample of B stars observed with Hipparcos: the discovery of a large amount of new slowly pulsating B star".

5069:

Sturmann, L.; Turner, N.; Farrington, C.; Goldfinger, P. J. (2010). "Time, spatial, and spectral resolution of the Hα line-formation region of Deneb and Rigel with the VEGA/CHARA interferometer".

4414: 4152:

Dommanget, J.; Nys, O. (1994). "Catalogue des composantes d'etoiles doubles et multiples (CCDM) premiere edition – Catalogue of the components of double and multiple stars (CCDM) first edition".

1836:

Rigel's distance from the Sun is somewhat uncertain, different estimates being obtained by different methods. Old estimates placed it 166 parsecs (or 541 light years) away from the Sun. The 2007

2551:

nitrogen, and oxygen seen in the spectrum are compatible with a post-red supergiant star only if its internal convection zones are modeled using non-homogeneous chemical conditions known as the

4065: 5125:

Chesneau, O.; Kaufer, A.; Stahl, O.; Colvinter, C.; Spang, A.; Dessart, L.; Prinja, R.; Chini, R. (2014). "The variable stellar wind of Rigel probed at high spatial and spectral resolution".

2164:

6.7, the overall difference in brightness from Rigel A (about 6.6 magnitudes or 440 times fainter) makes it a challenging target for telescope apertures smaller than 15 cm (6 in).

1400:

Rigel and Betelgeuse were both considered to be of the first magnitude class, and in Orion the stars of each class are thought to have been ordered north to south. Rigel is included in the

3922: 2135:

discovered Rigel to be a visual double star on 1 October 1781, cataloguing it as star 33 in the "second class of double stars" in his Catalogue of Double Stars, usually abbreviated to H

3600:

De Almeida, E S G.; Hugbart, M.; Domiciano De Souza, A.; Rivet, J-P; Vakili, F.; Siciak, A.; Labeyrie, G.; Garde, O.; Matthews, N.; Lai, O.; Vernet, D.; Kaiser, R.; Guerin, W. (2022).

6676: 2543:

phase and then increased in temperature to again become a blue supergiant. This is due to the decreased mass and increased levels of fusion products at the surface of the star.

2326:. Further observations of radial velocity variations indicate that it simultaneously oscillates in at least 19 non-radial modes with periods ranging from about 1.2 to 74 days. 1678: 3422:

Moravveji, Ehsan; Moya, Andres; Guinan, Edward F. (2012). "Asteroseismology of the nearby SN-II Progenitor: Rigel. Part II. ε-mechanism Triggering Gravity-mode Pulsations?".

3128: 5451:

Catalogus novus stellarum duplicium et multiplicium maxima ex parte in Specula Universitatis Caesareae Dorpatensis per magnum telescopium achromaticum Fraunhoferi detectarum

4998:

Kazarovets, E. V.; Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; Frolov, M. S.; Antipin, S. V.; Kireeva, N. N.; Pastukhova, E. N. (1999). "The 74th Special Name-list of Variable Stars".

1377: 1069: 1021: 4806: 3662: 2570:(about the same brightness as a quarter Moon or around 300 times brighter than Venus ever gets). The supernova would leave behind either a black hole or a neutron star. 1296:. It has an apparent magnitude of 6.7, making it 1/400th as bright as Rigel. Two stars in the system can be seen by large telescopes, and the brighter of the two is a 3995: 3794:

Moravveji, Ehsan; Guinan, Edward F.; Shultz, Matt; Williamson, Michael H.; Moya, Andres (2012). "Asteroseismology of the nearby SN-II Progenitor: Rigel. Part I. The

785: 6861: 3722:

Baines, Ellyn K.; Armstrong, J. Thomas; Schmitt, Henrique R.; Zavala, R. T.; Benson, James A.; Hutter, Donald J.; Tycner, Christopher; van Belle, Gerard T. (2017).

4641: 4548: 2504:

leads to a significantly larger size. Older distance estimates were mostly far lower than modern estimates, leading to lower radius estimates; a 1922 estimate by

1095: 1681:

satellite for nearly 28 days in 2009. Milli-magnitude variations were observed, and gradual changes in flux suggest the presence of long-period pulsation modes.

4406: 2394:), but another recently published distance of 1,170 ± 130 light-years (360 ± 40 parsecs) suggests an even higher luminosity of 219,000 6352: 5716:

Mason, Brian D.; Hartkopf, William I.; Gies, Douglas R.; Henry, Todd J.; Helsel, John W. (2009). "The High Angular Resolution Multiplicity of Massive Stars".

3388: 3088: 6827: 2264:, almost due north at a position angle of 1°. Gaia DR2 finds it to be a 12th magnitude sunlike star at approximately the same distance as Rigel. Likely a 1391:

in 1603. The "beta" designation is commonly given to the second-brightest star in each constellation, but Rigel is almost always brighter than α Orionis (

6515: 4052: 5689:

Burnham, S.W. (1900). "A General Catalogue of the Double Stars discovered by S. W. Burnham from 1871 to 1899, arranged in order of Right Ascension".

1610:

where there is simultaneously emission from a dense wind close to the star and absorption from circumstellar material expanding away from the star.

8173: 6781: 6759: 2764:, the river, marks a line of stars in the sky leading to it, and the other stars of Orion are his ceremonial tools and entourage. Betelgeuse is 5000: 4845: 1901:, somewhat closer at 1,200 light-years (360 parsecs). Rigel is thought to be considerably closer than most of the members of Orion OB1 and the 3295: 6731: 6615: 6583: 6488: 6445: 6414: 6334: 6305: 6146: 6109: 6025: 5855: 4491: 4454: 4390: 4269: 4242: 4209: 4136: 3004: 2976: 2434: 6183: 5527: 3124:"Times-Series Photometry & Spectroscopy of the Bright Blue Supergiant Rigel: Probing the Atmosphere and Interior of a SN II Progenitor" 2401:. Other calculations based on theoretical stellar evolutionary models of Rigel's atmosphere give luminosities anywhere between 83,000 4843:

Guinan, E. F.; McCook, G. P.; Harris, W. T.; Speranzini, D.; Wacker, S. W. (1985). "Light, Color, and H-alpha Line Variations of Rigel".

8128: 6854: 6132: 1401: 5935:

Demarque, P.; Guenther, D. B.; Li, L. H.; Mazumdar, A.; Straka, C. W. (August 2008). "YREC: the Yale rotating stellar evolution code".

2125:

of which Rigel is a part has at least four components. Rigel (sometimes called Rigel A to distinguish from the other components) has a

1557:

class Ia. Variations in the spectrum have resulted in the assignment of different classes to Rigel, such as B8 Ia, B8 Iab, and B8 Iae.

6000:

Aufdenberg, J. P.; et al. (2008). "Limb Darkening: Getting Warmer". In Richichi A.; Delplancke F.; Paresce F.; Chelli A. (eds.).

5976: 5521: 3170: 2152: 1340: 1010: 4020: 8153: 4948: 4899:

Samus, N. N.; Kazarovets, E. V.; Durlevich, O. V.; Kireeva, N. N.; Pastukhova, E. N. (2017). "General Catalogue of Variable Stars".

2626:

meaning "leg, foot"), which can be traced to the 10th century. "Jauzah" was a proper name for Orion; an alternative Arabic name was

1886:

of 2.5° from the star, or a projected distance of 39 light-years (12 parsecs) away. From measures of other nebula-embedded stars, IC

5476: 2129:, which is likely a close triple-star system. A fainter star at a wider separation might be a fifth component of the Rigel system. 4289: 3957: 1332: 2366:

million years has been estimated by comparing evolutionary tracks, while atmospheric modeling from the spectrum gives a mass of

2300: 2285: 8163: 6789: 6755: 1080: 80: 8148: 8138: 8133: 8055: 6847: 5937: 2257:

555, although it is unclear whether it is physically related or a coincidental alignment. Its 2017 separation from Rigel was

1871:, suggesting a distance around 1,000 light-years (310 parsecs). However, the measurements for this object may be unreliable. 1646:

Rigel has been known to vary in brightness since at least 1930. The small amplitude of Rigel's brightness variation requires

1416: 1373: 1028: 7859: 7437: 6323:

Aboriginal mythology : an A-Z spanning the history of aboriginal mythology from the earliest legends to the present day

4098: 1897:, which is located at a distance of up to 1,600 light-years (500 parsecs) from Earth. It is a member of the loosely defined 6451: 6891: 2223: 1358: 1003: 837: 8066: 3602:"Combined spectroscopy and intensity interferometry to determine the distances of the blue supergiants P Cygni and Rigel" 2253:

In 1878, Burnham found another possibly associated star of approximately 13th magnitude. He listed it as component D of β

8035: 8027: 7574: 2416: 1553:

for B8 stars is estimated from the strength and narrowness of the hydrogen spectral lines, and Rigel is assigned to the

1518: 1365: 989: 7442: 4562:

Morgan, W. W.; Roman, Nancy G. (1950). "Revised Standards for Supergiants on the System of the Yerkes Spectral Atlas".

4293: 3330:

Przybilla, N.; Butler, K.; Becker, S. R.; Kudritzki, R. P. (2006). "Quantitative spectroscopy of BA-type supergiants".

102: 8143: 8123: 4048: 1898: 5782: 5624: 4418: 2811:, as well as some Maori groups in New Zealand, mark the start of their New Year with Rigel rather than the Pleiades. 2740:). The distance between them signified the taboo preventing a man from approaching his mother-in-law. The indigenous 3545:

Gontcharov, G. A. (2006). "Pulkovo Compilation of Radial Velocities for 35 495 Hipparcos stars in a common system".

2280: 8178: 8168: 6886: 6639: 6350:

Hamacher, Duane W.; Frew, David J. (2010). "An Aboriginal Australian Record of the Great Eruption of Eta Carinae".

4479: 4128: 4061: 3086:

Ducati, J. R. (2002). "VizieR On-line Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system".

3033: 2968: 2914: 2660: 1351: 1221: 996: 1874:

Indirect distance estimation methods have also been employed. For example, Rigel is believed to be in a region of

7354: 6297: 5769: 5611: 5271: 3800: 3210: 2524: 2265: 1409: 1301: 1055: 5249: 2706:, himself represented by the three stars of Orion's Belt. The leg had been severed with a cutlass by the maiden 1859:

of about 9%. Rigel B, usually considered to be physically associated with Rigel and at the same distance, has a

1471:, excluding the Sun, although occasionally fainter than Betelgeuse. Rigel appears slightly blue-white and has a 5823: 5665: 5411: 2761: 2315: 2194: 1829: 1689:

From observations of the variable Hα spectral line, Rigel's mass-loss rate due to stellar wind is estimated be

6505: 2897:, renamed after originally being called Utskjera. They were given their current name as Rigel was used as an 1521:, being easily located and readily visible in all the world's oceans (the exception is the area north of the 6253: 2207: 1837: 1275: 6823:

NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day: A Blazing Fireball between the Orion Nebula and Rigel (16 November 2015)

2578: 8158: 7759: 7515: 6881: 6128: 3264:

Mason, Brian D.; Wycoff, Gary L.; Hartkopf, William I.; Douglass, Geoffrey G.; Worley, Charles E. (2001).

1537:

is a defining point of the classification sequence for supergiants. The overall spectrum is typical for a

1534: 1436: 1205: 1048: 342: 281: 31: 3386:

Nicolet, B. (1978). "Photoelectric photometric Catalogue of homogeneous measurements in the UBV System".

2863:

was originally a Norwegian ship, built in Copenhagen in 1924. It was requisitioned by the Germans during

2178:(AU). Since its discovery, there has been no sign of orbital motion, although both stars share a similar 1549:

as well as neutral helium lines and some of heavier elements such as oxygen, calcium, and magnesium. The

1443:

34085. These designations frequently appear in the scientific literature, but rarely in popular writing.

7705: 7452: 7151: 6870: 2583: 2505: 2304: 1894: 1428: 1420: 1384: 1336: 1320: 1158: 1147: 1076: 1044: 793: 95: 6793: 6747: 2867:

and sunk in 1944 while being used to transport prisoners of war. Two US Navy ships have borne the name

6371: 6192: 6054: 6005: 5956: 5899: 5801: 5735: 5698: 5643: 5577: 5509: 5420: 5369: 5290: 5221: 5144: 5088: 5040: 5009: 4980: 4910: 4881: 4854: 4815: 4774: 4744: 4708: 4677: 4623: 4571: 4530: 4382:

Burnham's Celestial Handbook, Volume Two: An Observer's Guide to the Universe Beyond the Solar System

4340: 4197: 4161: 3931: 3879: 3819: 3745: 3681: 3623: 3566: 3509: 3441: 3397: 3349: 3277: 3219: 3179: 3137: 3097: 3052: 2547: 2268:, this star would have an orbital period of around 250,000 years, if it is part of the Rigel system. 2234: 2168: 2122: 1669: 1647: 1498: 1297: 1267: 579: 439: 318: 274: 7634: 3656:

Shultz, M.; Wade, G. A.; Petit, V.; Grunhut, J.; Neiner, C.; Hanes, D.; MiMeS Collaboration (2014).

1270:

due to the amplitude and periodicity of its brightness variation, as well as its spectral type. Its

6480: 5505: 3265: 2588: 2245:. Periodic changes observed in relative positions of these lines indicate an orbital period of 9.86 1860: 1522: 1490: 1486: 1062: 5472: 8104: 6387: 6361: 6272: 6208: 6138: 6078: 5982: 5946: 5917: 5889: 5791: 5751: 5725: 5633: 5593: 5567: 5387: 5359: 5306: 5280: 5239: 5211: 5160: 5134: 5104: 5078: 4926: 4667: 4635: 4542: 4356: 4330: 3949: 3895: 3869: 3835: 3809: 3763: 3735: 3699: 3671: 3613: 3582: 3556: 3527: 3457: 3431: 3365: 3339: 3068: 3042: 2844:; the stars were seen as facing off against each other and kept apart only by the three stars of 2319: 2126: 1883: 1464: 1263: 475: 244: 191: 7909: 2295:

that has exhausted the hydrogen fuel in its core, expanded and cooled as it moved away from the

4380: 7764: 6966: 6920: 6727: 6611: 6607: 6579: 6484: 6474: 6441: 6437: 6410: 6330: 6301: 6167: 6142: 6105: 6070: 6021: 5972: 5851: 5841: 5517: 5499: 4901: 4604: 4508: 4487: 4483: 4450: 4440: 4386: 4265: 4238: 4205: 4193: 4132: 3547: 3168:

Epchtein, N.; et al. (March 1997). "The deep near-infrared southern sky survey (DENIS)".

3000: 2972: 2816: 2687: 2668: 2559: 2535: 2331: 2175: 1890:

2118's distance is estimated to be 949 ± 7 light-years (291 ± 2 parsecs).

1822: 1715: 1554: 1405: 1241: 1236: 1151: 1127: 985: 865: 330: 269: 76: 6291: 6097: 3122:

Guinan, E. F.; Eaton, J. A.; Wasatonic, R.; Stewart, H.; Engle, S. G.; McCook, G. P. (2010).

1913:

with a complex history and might have originally formed in the main body of the association.

8080: 7889: 7639: 7053: 7048: 7006: 7001: 6996: 6991: 6986: 6981: 6976: 6971: 6901: 6379: 6262: 6200: 6062: 6013: 5964: 5960: 5907: 5847: 5811: 5806: 5743: 5653: 5648: 5585: 5581: 5428: 5377: 5298: 5229: 5225: 5152: 5148: 5096: 5092: 5048: 5044: 4984: 4918: 4885: 4823: 4782: 4716: 4579: 4471: 4348: 4344: 3985: 3939: 3887: 3883: 3827: 3753: 3689: 3631: 3574: 3517: 3513: 3449: 3401: 3357: 3353: 3285: 3227: 3145: 3060: 3056: 2610: 2438: 2386: 2242: 2161: 2132: 1841: 1572: 1550: 1468: 1209: 829: 753: 423: 135: 109: 2566:

progenitors to Earth, and would be expected to have a maximum apparent magnitude of around

2334:. Its effective temperature can be estimated from the spectral type and color to be around 2214:, with visual magnitudes of 7.5 and 7.6, respectively. Their estimated orbital period is 63 7103: 6511: 6233: 4944: 4016: 2808: 2790: 2749: 2711: 2699: 2680: 2292: 1856: 1659:

varies slightly, but this is not significantly correlated with its brightness variations.

1603: 1561: 1542: 1139: 1118: 766: 364: 215: 162: 6896: 3266:"The 2001 US Naval Observatory Double Star CD-ROM. I. The Washington Double Star Catalog" 2845: 2772: 1878:, its radiation illuminating several nearby clouds. Most notable of these is the 5°-long 6375: 6196: 6058: 6009: 5903: 5878:"The puzzle of the CNO abundances of α Cygni variables resolved by the Ledoux criterion" 5739: 5702: 5513: 5466: 5424: 5373: 5294: 5013: 4914: 4858: 4819: 4778: 4748: 4712: 4681: 4627: 4575: 4534: 4201: 4165: 3935: 3823: 3749: 3685: 3627: 3570: 3445: 3281: 3223: 3183: 3141: 3101: 2965:

A Dictionary of Modern star Names: A Short Guide to 254 Star Names and Their Derivations

2250:

cannot be detected in the spectrum, which is inconsistent with its observed brightness.

51: 7013: 6599: 5747: 5332: 4446: 2890: 2879: 2804: 2540: 2446: 2419:

from historical photometry with the Hipparcos distance suggests a luminosity as low as

2157: 1851: 1651: 1538: 1494: 1396: 1324: 977: 655: 592: 566: 523: 431: 411: 399: 6383: 6181:

Kunitzsch, P. (1986). "The Star Catalogue Commonly Appended to the Alfonsine Tables".

5348:"The APOGEE-2 Survey of the Orion Star-forming Complex. II. Six-dimensional Structure" 3918:"Catalogue of Double Stars. By Mr. Herschel, F. R. S. Communicated by Dr. Watson, Jun" 3831: 1216:, depending on the method and assumptions used. Its radius is more than seventy times 8117: 8009: 7422: 7141: 7093: 6391: 6326: 6212: 5921: 5755: 5597: 5391: 5310: 5302: 5243: 5164: 4930: 4598: 4472: 3953: 3767: 3703: 3586: 3461: 3453: 3369: 2875: 2296: 2260: 2238: 2179: 1606:

after a star that shows this feature strongly in its spectrum. It is associated with

1595: 1565: 1546: 1506: 1460: 1271: 1143: 388: 335: 313: 89: 6818:

NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day: Rigel and the Witch Head Nebula (15 January 2018)

5986: 5108: 4360: 4189:

The Brightest Stars: Discovering the Universe through the Sky's Most Brilliant Stars

3899: 3658:"An observational evaluation of magnetic confinement in the winds of BA supergiants" 3531: 3072: 8092: 8004: 7924: 7864: 7694: 7564: 7417: 7412: 7136: 7126: 7121: 7116: 7111: 7018: 5178: 3724:"Fundamental parameters of 87 stars from the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer" 2864: 2691: 2469: 2114: 1910: 1902: 1674: 1615: 1388: 1252: 1232: 1217: 1174: 954: 925: 900: 725: 681: 6409:(Revised ed.). Merimbula, New South Wales: Hugh C. Cairns. pp. 139–140. 6267: 6248: 6227: 5816: 5773: 5658: 5615: 5234: 5195: 5156: 5100: 5053: 5028: 4352: 3891: 3839: 6721: 6565: 6431: 5589: 5449: 4259: 4226: 4187: 4090: 3361: 3064: 7680: 7098: 7088: 7083: 7078: 7073: 7068: 7063: 7058: 6958: 6833: 6575: 6017: 5029:"A systematic study of variability among OB-stars based on HIPPARCOS photometry" 2992: 2902: 2552: 1656: 1635: 1619: 1602:

to the long wavelength side of the main absorption line. This is now known as a

1478: 1316: 1292: 1182: 815: 303: 292: 231: 178: 17: 6204: 5382: 5347: 3758: 3723: 2760:

and chief conductor of ceremonies in a songline when Orion is high in the sky.

7999: 7994: 7989: 7919: 7914: 7854: 7675: 7670: 7665: 7599: 7594: 7589: 7584: 7407: 7402: 7397: 7392: 7387: 7382: 7377: 7344: 7339: 7334: 7329: 7324: 7319: 7314: 7309: 7304: 7299: 7294: 7289: 7284: 7279: 7274: 7269: 7264: 7259: 7254: 7249: 7244: 7239: 7234: 7229: 7224: 7219: 7214: 7209: 7204: 7199: 7194: 7189: 7184: 7179: 7174: 7169: 7131: 7043: 7038: 7033: 6928: 6538: 5968: 4922: 4828: 4801: 4659: 3578: 3150: 3123: 2894: 2841: 2837: 2823: 2726: 2702:. In the Caribbean, Rigel represented the severed leg of the folkloric figure 2639:, "the foot of the great one", from which stems the rarely used variant names 1875: 1702: 1630: 1392: 1305: 1283: 1256: 1213: 1194: 961: 932: 907: 695: 453: 352: 6074: 3636: 3601: 2803:) in the dawn sky, marking the Māori New Year in late May or early June. The 1467:

ranging from 0.05 to 0.18. It is typically the seventh-brightest star in the

7657: 7548: 7372: 7367: 7362: 7164: 7159: 6938: 6004:. Eso Astrophysics Symposia. Vol. 1. Berlin: Springer. pp. 71–82. 5912: 5877: 4765:

Struve, O. (1933). "An Emission Line of Hydrogen in the Spectrum of Rigel".

4285: 3694: 3657: 2868: 2695: 2563: 2516: 1664: 1607: 1590: 1502: 1472: 1279: 1248: 1190: 6822: 6817: 3944: 2840:

adopted Betelgeuse and its red color. The two powerful families fought the

1274:

is caused by pulsations in its unstable atmosphere. Rigel is generally the

3522: 3497: 7973: 7968: 7963: 7958: 7953: 7904: 7874: 7849: 7844: 7828: 7823: 7818: 7813: 7808: 7803: 7798: 7793: 7743: 7738: 7733: 7728: 7723: 7718: 7713: 7629: 7624: 7614: 7609: 7543: 7538: 7533: 7528: 7523: 7505: 7500: 7490: 7485: 7480: 7475: 7470: 7465: 7460: 6839: 5572: 3344: 2898: 2857: 2800: 2795: 2753: 2690:, Rigel is his knee or (as its name suggests) foot; with the nearby star 879: 58: 6631: 6082: 6042: 1178: 7899: 7619: 7604: 7579: 7569: 7495: 7432: 7427: 6953: 6948: 6943: 4620:

An atlas of stellar spectra, with an outline of spectral classification

2883: 2786: 2741: 1879: 1825: 1817: 1510: 1451: 1282:

and the brightest star in Orion, though it is occasionally outshone by

6276: 4618:

Morgan, William Wilson; Keenan, Philip Childs; Kellman, Edith (1943).

3860:

Przybilla, N. (2010). "Mixing of CNO-cycled matter in massive stars".

2508:

gave Rigel a diameter of 25 million miles, or approximately 28.9

1769:

in 2009–10. Calculations using the Hα line give lower results, around

1208:

B8Ia, Rigel is calculated to be anywhere from 61,500 to 363,000 times

7938: 7894: 7884: 7869: 7778: 7028: 6104:. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. pp. 92–93. 6100:. In Casagrande-Kim, Roberta; Thrope, Samuel; Ukeles, Raquel (eds.). 5827: 5669: 5253: 4741:

Hα line profile variability in the B8Ia-type supergiant Rigel (β Ori)

3990: 3031:

van Leeuwen, F. (2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction".

2777: 2737: 2337: 2310: 1726:

interferometry, were taken from 2006 to 2010. Analysis of the Hα and

1514: 1227: 1198: 1112: 807: 708: 466: 3917: 2686:

With the constellation representing the mythological Greek huntsman

8087: 6476:

Exploring Ancient Skies: A Survey of Ancient and Cultural Astronomy

6066: 5796: 5638: 5433: 5406: 5364: 5216: 5027:

Lefèvre, L.; Marchenko, S. V.; Moffat, A. F. J.; Acker, A. (2009).

4786: 4721: 4696: 4583: 3740: 3618: 3561: 3290: 3232: 3205: 1710:/yr)—about ten million times more than the mass-loss rate from the 1587:

line in Rigel's spectrum was seen to be unusually weak and shifted

7879: 7023: 6366: 5951: 5894: 5730: 5285: 5269:

Guieu, S.; et al. (2010). "Spitzer Observations of IC 2118".

5139: 5083: 4672: 4335: 3874: 3814: 3676: 3436: 3047: 2729: 2694:

marking Orion's footstool. Rigel is presumably the star known as "

2577: 2323: 2279: 1906: 1816: 1727: 1629: 1584: 1450: 1323:, with Rigel at bottom right, at optical wavelengths plus the Hα ( 1315: 627: 538: 495: 6102:

Romance and Reason: Islamic Transformations of the Classical Past

4802:"The inhomogeneous circumstellar envelope of Rigel (β Orionis A)" 6911: 6293:

Star Gods of the Maya: Astronomy in Art, Folklore, and Calendars

2905:, elevation 1,910 m (6,270 ft), is also in Antarctica. 2826:

chose Rigel and its white color as its symbol, calling the star

2496:. These radii are calculated assuming the Hipparcos distance of 1788:. It is estimated that Rigel has lost about three solar masses ( 1723: 1186: 663: 531: 415: 403: 6843: 6828:

December double star of the month – beta Orionis

2732:

of southeastern Australia, and held to be the mother-in-law of

1475:

index of −0.06. It contrasts strongly with reddish Betelgeuse.

1259:

as a final remnant, depending on the initial mass of the star.

6665:. Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Company. p. 283. 5778:

Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties"

5620:

Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties"

2651:

saw its name split into "Rigel" and "Algebar", with the note,

1711: 1668:

satellite photometry, Rigel is identified as belonging to the

141: 124: 5200:

Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties"

2997:

The Routledge Dictionary of Pronunciation for Current English

1909:

lie at a similar distance to Rigel, although Betelgeuse is a

1485:

pm on 24 January, Rigel is visible on winter evenings in the

4415:

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation

4054:

Transactions IAU:Volume XXXA: Reports on Astronomy 2015–2018

1855:, giving a distance of 863 light-years (265 parsecs) with a 1289:

A triple-star system is separated from Rigel by an angle of

1193:. This system is located at a distance of approximately 860 3798:

High-precision Photometry and Radial Velocity Monitoring".

2943:

lit."... and it is called Algebar. It is also named Rigel."

2182:. The pair would have an estimated orbital period of 24,000 118: 6507:

Astronomical Knowledge of the Maori: Genuine and Empirical

5882:

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters

2558:

Rigel is expected to eventually end its stellar life as a

121: 3923:

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London

1189:

that appear as a single blue-white point of light to the

138: 5194:

Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023).

4527:

Revised MK Spectral Atlas for stars earlier than the sun

2210:

showed the two almost identical components separated by

6726:. Forest Lake, Minnesota: Specialty Press. p. 69. 6047:

Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific

5876:

Georgy, Cyril; Saio, Hideyuki; Meynet, Georges (2014).

5558:: The ninth catalogue of spectroscopic binary orbits". 4525:

Morgan, W. W.; Abt, Helmut A.; Tapscott, J. W. (1978).

2886:

that was cancelled in 1953 before reaching deployment.

1832:. Rigel B is not visible in the glare of the main star. 1455:

Rigel A and Rigel B as they appear in a small telescope

5327:

Jedicke, Peter; Levy, David H. (1992). "Regal Rigel".

1594:

towards shorter wavelengths, while there was a narrow

8064: 2477:. An older measurement of the angular diameter gives 6430:

Parker, Janet; Mills, Alice; Stanton, Julie (2007).

4385:. New York: Dover Publications. pp. 1299–1301. 3206:"The Spectrographic Orbit of the Companion to Rigel" 2633: 2616: 2527:

that are three to four times as massive as the Sun.

2218:

years. Burnham listed the Rigel multiple system as β

115: 8026: 7982: 7946: 7937: 7837: 7786: 7777: 7752: 7704: 7693: 7656: 7557: 7514: 7451: 7353: 7150: 6919: 6910: 4047:Mamajek, Eric E.; et al. (2018). "Division C: 3129:

Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union

1722:infrared spectroscopic observations, together with 112: 5772:; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). 5614:; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). 4739:Morrison, N. D.; Rother, R.; Kurschat, N. (2008). 4154:Communications de l'Observatoire Royal de Belgique 3789: 3787: 3785: 3783: 3781: 3779: 3777: 2655:Alternate spellings from the 17th century include 1481:every year at midnight on 12 December, and at 9:00 1266:ranging from 0.05 to 0.18. It is classified as an 6405:Harney, Bill Yidumduma; Cairns, Hugh C. (2004) . 4807:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 3663:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 3606:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 3417: 3415: 3413: 3411: 4800:Israelian, G.; Chentsov, E.; Musaev, F. (1997). 4237:. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Lutterworth Press. 4118: 4116: 6539:"Yowatashi Boshi; Stars that Pass in the Night" 5120: 5118: 4125:Star-hopping: your Visa to Viewing the Universe 3911: 3909: 3325: 3323: 3321: 3319: 3317: 3315: 3313: 2967:(2nd rev. ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: 2744:people of northwestern Victoria named Rigel as 6353:Journal of Astronomical History & Heritage 6226:Cleasby, Richard; Vigfusson, Gudbrand (1874). 5684: 5682: 5680: 5678: 5322: 5320: 3502:Astronomy & Astrophysics Supplement Series 3498:"MSC – a catalogue of physical multiple stars" 3026: 3024: 3022: 3020: 3018: 3016: 2831: 2768:"Owl Eyes Flicking", watching the ceremonies. 6855: 6537:Renshaw, Steve; Ihara, Saori (October 1999). 5501:1,001 Celestial Wonders to See Before You Die 4529:. Yerkes Observatory, University of Chicago. 4084: 4082: 4080: 4078: 3996:Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg 3916:Herschel, Mr.; Watson, Dr. (1 January 1782). 1673:generally considered to be irregular or have 185:−08° 12′ 05.8981″ 8: 6723:The Complete History of U.S. Cruise Missiles 6473:Kelley, David H.; Milone, Eugene F. (2011). 5264: 5262: 4973:Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series 3855: 3853: 3851: 3849: 3389:Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series 2752:of northern Australia know Rigel as the Red 2627: 2614:of 1521. It is derived from the Arabic name 2151:33 in the Washington Double Star Catalogue. 4743:. Clumping in Hot-Star Winds. p. 155. 4734: 4732: 4514:. London: Baldwin and Cradock. p. 132. 4411:Australia Telescope, Outreach and Education 4042: 4040: 4038: 3381: 3379: 3089:CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues 2562:. It is one of the closest known potential 1419:taken from various catalogs, including the 238:−08° 12′ 14.78″ 79:J2000.0 8023: 7943: 7783: 7701: 7653: 6916: 6862: 6848: 6840: 5471:. London: Longmans, Green and Co. p. 4640:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4547:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4478:(3rd ed.). Port Melbourne, Victoria: 4374: 4372: 4370: 4315: 4313: 4311: 4019:. International Astronomical Union (IAU). 3651: 3649: 3647: 2653:et dicitur Algebar. Nominatur etiam Rigel. 6365: 6266: 6249:"Notes on the Star Lore of the Caribbees" 5950: 5911: 5893: 5840:Seeds, Michael A.; Backman, Dana (2015). 5815: 5805: 5795: 5729: 5657: 5647: 5637: 5571: 5432: 5381: 5363: 5284: 5233: 5215: 5138: 5082: 5052: 4827: 4760: 4758: 4720: 4671: 4334: 4181: 4179: 4177: 4175: 3943: 3873: 3813: 3757: 3739: 3717: 3715: 3713: 3693: 3675: 3635: 3617: 3560: 3521: 3435: 3343: 3289: 3231: 3199: 3197: 3195: 3193: 3149: 3046: 2999:(2nd ed.). Routledge. p. 1150. 2604:The earliest known recording of the name 2167:At Rigel's estimated distance, Rigel B's 2160:204°. Although not particularly faint at 1262:Rigel varies slightly in brightness, its 27:Brightest star in the constellation Orion 6123: 6121: 5448:Struve, Friedrich Georg Wilhelm (1827). 4945:"Variable Star Type Designations in VSX" 4653: 4651: 3117: 3115: 3113: 3111: 2622:, "the left leg (foot) of Jauzah" (i.e. 2303:. When it was on the main sequence, its 8071: 6830:Astronomical Society of Southern Africa 6433:Mythology: Myths, Legends and Fantasies 6098:"Mathematics, Astronomy, and Astrology" 5871: 5869: 5867: 5468:Celestial Objects for Common Telescopes 4697:"The spectroscopic binary beta Orionis" 3491: 3163: 3161: 2955: 2926: 1383:The designation of Rigel as β Orionis ( 1327:) spectral line to emphasize gas clouds 1308:, may be part of the same star system. 395: 6002:The Power of Optical/IR Interferometry 5691:Publications of the Yerkes Observatory 5549: 5547: 5545: 5001:Information Bulletin on Variable Stars 4846:Information Bulletin on Variable Stars 4633: 4540: 4296:from the original on 30 September 2016 3489: 3487: 3485: 3483: 3481: 3479: 3477: 3475: 3473: 3471: 2995:; Kretzschmar, William A. Jr. (2017). 2485:, equivalent to a radius of 78.9 2449:, the angular diameter is found to be 38: 5454:. Dorpati Livonorum: J.C. Schuenmann. 5346:Kounkel, Marina; et al. (2018). 4470:Ellyard, David; Tirion, Wil (2008) . 4442:Universe: The Definitive Visual Guide 4089:Kaler, James B. (26 September 2009). 3259: 3257: 3255: 3253: 3251: 3249: 3247: 3245: 3243: 2435:Navy Precision Optical Interferometer 2104: 2099: 2093: 2091: 2071: 2061: 2048: 2032: 2011: 1997: 1978: 1970: 1951: 1945: 1935: 1930: 1924: 7: 6762:from the original on 2 February 2019 6701:. Naval History and Heritage Command 6679:. Naval History and Heritage Command 6677:"NH 1874 USS RIGEL (AD-13), 1922-46" 6642:from the original on 4 February 2019 6518:from the original on 4 November 2012 6184:Journal for the History of Astronomy 5554:Pourbaix, D.; et al. (2004). "S 5530:from the original on 1 February 2019 4071:from the original on 23 August 2019. 2963:Kunitzsch, Paul; Smart, Tim (2006). 2592:. The foot on the left is annotated 1795:) since beginning life as a star of 1286:, which varies over a larger range. 6454:from the original on 2 January 2014 4951:from the original on 5 October 2017 2628: 2574:Etymology and cultural significance 2284:Rigel's place at top-center on the 1893:Rigel is an outlying member of the 1882:(Witch Head Nebula), located at an 1560:As early as 1888, the heliocentric 1402:General Catalogue of Variable Stars 1177:component – and the 407: 6134:Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning 4417:. 21 December 2004. Archived from 4101:from the original on 22 April 2019 3298:from the original on 14 March 2016 2153:Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve 1638:for Rigel, adapted from Moravveji 1173:. Rigel is the brightest and most 25: 6384:10.3724/SP.J.1440-2807.2010.03.06 5479:from the original on 4 April 2016 2314:. Rigel's complex variability at 1809:seven to nine million years ago. 8098: 8086: 8074: 8051: 8050: 6699:"80-G-1017252 USS Rigel (AF-58)" 4664:Handbook of Star Forming Regions 4290:British Astronomical Association 4286:"Nomenclature of Variable Stars" 4023:from the original on 7 July 2018 2893:are a chain of small islands in 2237:system, which shows two sets of 1784:. The terminal wind velocity is 1564:of Rigel, as estimated from the 1333:International Astronomical Union 134: 108: 57: 50: 6790:U.S. Department of the Interior 6756:U.S. Department of the Interior 6636:Minnehallen (The Memorial Hall) 6229:An Icelandic-English Dictionary 5824:Gaia DR2 record for this source 5666:Gaia DR2 record for this source 5250:Gaia DR3 record for this source 4660:"Overview of the Orion Complex" 4603:. New York: Macmillan. p. 4449:. 1 October 2012. p. 233. 3963:from the original on 3 May 2019 2789:), the chief of all-stars. Its 2582:Orion illustrated in a copy of 1622:and driven by magnetic fields. 1212:as the Sun, and 18 to 24 times 8174:Henry Draper Catalogue objects 6164:Arabische Sternnamen in Europa 6137:(Reprint ed.). New York: 5938:Astrophysics and Space Science 4051:". In Benvenuti, Piero (ed.). 2775:of New Zealand named Rigel as 2714:of southern Mexico knew it as 2233:Component B is a double-lined 1489:and on summer evenings in the 1302:blue-white main-sequence stars 1: 6892:Orion molecular cloud complex 6782:"Antarctica Detail: ID 12639" 6748:"Antarctica Detail: ID 12640" 6663:U.S. Warships of World War II 6661:Silverstone, Paul H. (1968). 6268:10.1525/aa.1946.48.2.02a00030 6043:"The Dimensions of the Stars" 5407:"Stars in reflection nebulae" 4127:. Cambridge, United Kingdom: 4123:Garfinkle, Robert A. (1997). 2596:, the Arabic name from which 2299:across the upper part of the 1404:, but since it already has a 1387:to Beta Orionis) was made by 6574:] (in Japanese). Tokyo: 6096:Langermann, Y. Tzvi (2018). 5783:Astronomy & Astrophysics 5748:10.1088/0004-6256/137/2/3358 5625:Astronomy & Astrophysics 5033:Astronomy & Astrophysics 2515:, smaller than its neighbor 2417:spectral energy distribution 1714:. More detailed optical and 1300:. These three stars are all 6510:. Wellington, New Zealand: 6018:10.1007/978-3-540-74256-2_8 5817:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 5659:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 5498:Bakich, Michael E. (2010). 5235:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 5157:10.1051/0004-6361/201322894 5101:10.1051/0004-6361/201014509 5054:10.1051/0004-6361/200912304 4353:10.1051/0004-6361:200809376 4049:Working Group on Star Names 4017:"IAU Catalog of Star Names" 3892:10.1051/0004-6361/201014164 3832:10.1088/0004-637X/747/2/108 3204:Sanford, Roscoe F. (1942). 2793:presages the appearance of 2781:, said to be a daughter of 2634: 2617: 2301:Hertzsprung–Russell diagram 2286:Hertzsprung–Russell diagram 2241:combined within its single 1899:Taurus-Orion R1 Association 1043:: Rigel, Algebar, Elgebar, 430:3.78 ± 0.34 68:Location of Rigel (circled) 8195: 8129:B-type main-sequence stars 6887:Orion in Chinese astronomy 6232:. Oxford, United Kingdom: 6205:10.1177/002182868601700202 5590:10.1051/0004-6361:20041213 5560:Astronomy and Astrophysics 5303:10.1088/0004-637X/720/1/46 5204:Astronomy and Astrophysics 5127:Astronomy and Astrophysics 5071:Astronomy and Astrophysics 4874:Astronomy and Astrophysics 4480:Cambridge University Press 4447:Dorling Kindersley Limited 4323:Astronomy and Astrophysics 4129:Cambridge University Press 4062:Cambridge University Press 3862:Astronomy and Astrophysics 3454:10.1088/0004-637X/749/1/74 3362:10.1051/0004-6361:20053832 3332:Astronomy and Astrophysics 3065:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357 3034:Astronomy and Astrophysics 2915:Orion in Chinese astronomy 2822:In Japan, the Minamoto or 2819:used in the South Island. 2661:Giovanni Battista Riccioli 2525:B-type main-sequence stars 2186:years. Gaia Data Release 2 2171:from Rigel A is over 2,200 1541:B class star, with strong 1519:equatorial navigation star 29: 8048: 8022: 7860:Becklin–Neugebauer Object 7652: 6877: 6298:University of Texas Press 5969:10.1007/s10509-007-9698-y 5846:. Boston, Massachusetts: 5272:The Astrophysical Journal 4923:10.1134/S1063772917010085 4767:The Astrophysical Journal 4701:The Astrophysical Journal 4564:The Astrophysical Journal 4379:Burnham, Robert (1978) . 4196:. pp. 159–162, 257. 3801:The Astrophysical Journal 3579:10.1134/S1063773706110065 3496:Tokovinin, A. A. (1997). 3424:The Astrophysical Journal 3211:The Astrophysical Journal 3151:10.1017/S1743921310009798 2832: 2500:; adopting a distance of 2433:. A 2018 study using the 2266:K-type main-sequence star 2108: 2085: 2069: 2057: 2055: 2046: 2040: 2038: 2036: 2034: 2009: 2001: 1999: 1993: 1985: 1976: 1968: 1964: 1949: 1947: 1410:variable star designation 1105: 1090: 1039: 983: 976: 972: 947: 943: 918: 893: 889: 885: 674: 669: 626: 537: 494: 490: 358: 351: 324: 263: 258: 205: 152: 73: 44: 8154:Arabic words and phrases 6564:Akira Matsumura (1988). 6290:Milbrath, Susan (1999). 6247:Taylor, Douglas (1946). 6166:(in German). Wiesbaden: 6162:Kunitzsch, Paul (1959). 6041:Plaskett, J. S. (1922). 5843:Foundations of Astronomy 5718:The Astronomical Journal 5412:The Astronomical Journal 5383:10.3847/1538-3881/aad1f1 5352:The Astronomical Journal 4695:Plaskett, J. S. (1909). 4597:Abetti, Giorgio (1963). 4507:Kerigan, Thomas (1835). 3759:10.3847/1538-3881/aa9d8b 3728:The Astronomical Journal 3270:The Astronomical Journal 2332:stellar evolution models 2276:Physical characteristics 2195:Sherburne Wesley Burnham 6834:My Favorite Double Star 6254:American Anthropologist 6141:Inc. pp. 312–313. 6129:Allen, Richard Hinckley 5961:2008Ap&SS.316...31D 5807:2018A&A...616A...1G 5649:2018A&A...616A...1G 5582:2004A&A...424..727P 5331:. Waukesha, Wisconsin: 5226:2023A&A...674A...1G 5180:Galaxy v23n06 (1965 08) 5149:2014A&A...566A.125C 5093:2010A&A...521A...5C 5045:2009A&A...507.1141L 4985:1989A&AS...79..263V 4886:1998A&A...330..215W 4829:10.1093/mnras/290.3.521 4345:2008A&A...487..211M 4258:Moore, Patrick (1996). 4192:. Hoboken, New Jersey: 3884:2010A&A...517A..38P 3514:1997A&AS..124...75T 3402:1978A&AS...34....1N 3354:2006A&A...445.1099P 3057:2007A&A...474..653V 2746:Collowgullouric Warepil 2718:("little woodpecker"). 2457:, yielding a radius of 2445:. After correcting for 2307:would have been around 2117:for Rigel's components 1838:Hipparcos new reduction 1701:solar masses per year ( 1517:. Rigel is a prominent 1181: – of a 738:Luminosity (bolometric) 476:Absolute magnitude 331:Evolutionary stage 270:Evolutionary stage 245:Apparent magnitude 192:Apparent magnitude 8164:Durchmusterung objects 7760:Lambda Orionis Cluster 6882:List of stars in Orion 6871:Constellation of Orion 6786:U.S. Geological Survey 6752:U.S. Geological Survey 4474:The Southern Sky Guide 3945:10.1098/rstl.1782.0014 3637:10.1093/mnras/stac1617 2836:), while the Taira or 2659:by Italian astronomer 2601: 2594:rijl al-jauza al-yusra 2546:Rigel is likely to be 2288: 2208:speckle interferometry 1833: 1643: 1456: 1437:Henry Draper Catalogue 1427:Orionis (19 Ori), the 1328: 1276:seventh-brightest star 32:Rigel (disambiguation) 8149:Orion (constellation) 8139:Multiple star systems 8134:Alpha Cygni variables 7765:Trapezium Cluster (θ) 6504:Best, Elsdon (1922). 5913:10.1093/mnrasl/slt165 4622:. Chicago, Illinois. 4407:"The Colour of Stars" 4225:Ridpath, Ian (1989). 4186:Schaaf, Fred (2008). 3973:Read January 10, 1782 3695:10.1093/mnras/stt2260 2817:southern name variant 2667:by German astronomer 2584:Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi 2581: 2506:John Stanley Plaskett 2305:effective temperature 2283: 1895:Orion OB1 association 1820: 1633: 1454: 1429:Bright Star Catalogue 1421:Flamsteed designation 1415:Rigel has many other 1337:astronomical catalogs 1319: 1272:intrinsic variability 6720:Yenne, Bill (2018). 5465:Webb, T. W. (1917). 2618:Rijl Jauzah al Yusrā 2415:, while summing the 2322:similar to those of 2235:spectroscopic binary 2180:common proper motion 2169:projected separation 1417:stellar designations 1298:spectroscopic binary 1268:Alpha Cygni variable 30:For other uses, see 8028:Astronomical events 6376:2010JAHH...13..220H 6197:1986JHA....17...89K 6059:1922PASP...34...79P 6010:2008poii.conf...71A 5904:2014MNRAS.439L...6G 5740:2009AJ....137.3358M 5703:1900PYerO...1....1B 5514:2010ocws.book.....B 5425:1968AJ.....73..233R 5405:Racine, R. (1968). 5374:2018AJ....156...84K 5295:2010ApJ...720...46G 5014:1999IBVS.4659....1K 4915:2017ARep...61...80S 4859:1985IBVS.2762....1G 4820:1997MNRAS.290..521I 4779:1933ApJ....77...67S 4749:2008cihw.conf..155M 4713:1909ApJ....30...26P 4682:2008hsf1.book..459B 4628:1943assw.book.....M 4576:1950ApJ...112..362M 4535:1978rmsa.book.....M 4264:. London: Cassell. 4202:2008bsdu.book.....S 4166:1994CoORB.115....1D 3936:1782RSPT...72..112H 3824:2012ApJ...747..108M 3750:2018AJ....155...30B 3686:2014MNRAS.438.1114S 3628:2022MNRAS.515....1D 3571:2006AstL...32..759G 3523:10.1051/aas:1997181 3446:2012ApJ...749...74M 3282:2001AJ....122.3466M 3224:1942ApJ....95..421S 3184:1997Msngr..87...27E 3142:2010HiA....15..359G 3102:2002yCat.2237....0D 2721:Rigel was known as 2679:by English scholar 2589:Book of Fixed Stars 2230:555 in modern use. 2224:double star catalog 2115:Hierarchical scheme 1861:Gaia Data Release 3 1523:82nd parallel north 1491:Southern Hemisphere 1487:Northern Hemisphere 1408:it has no separate 1222:surface temperature 1106:Database references 838:Rotational velocity 41: 8144:Population I stars 8124:B-type supergiants 6796:on 5 November 2020 6604:Shin seiza jyunrei 6514:. pp. 39–40. 6321:Mudrooroo (1994). 6139:Dover Publications 4658:Bally, J. (2008). 4231:and Bayer letters" 4131:. pp. 70–71. 2602: 2320:stellar pulsations 2316:visual wavelengths 2289: 2176:astronomical units 1884:angular separation 1834: 1644: 1616:looping structures 1465:apparent magnitude 1461:intrinsic variable 1457: 1329: 1264:apparent magnitude 978:Other designations 343:Spectral type 314:Variable type 282:Spectral type 39: 8179:Hipparcos objects 8169:Flamsteed objects 8062: 8061: 8044: 8043: 8018: 8017: 7933: 7932: 7773: 7772: 7689: 7688: 7648: 7647: 6733:978-1-58007-256-4 6617:978-4-12-204128-8 6608:Chuokoron-Shinsha 6585:978-4-385-14001-8 6490:978-1-4419-7623-9 6447:978-1-77007-453-8 6438:Struik Publishers 6416:978-0-9750908-0-0 6336:978-1-85538-306-7 6307:978-0-292-75226-9 6296:. Austin, Texas: 6168:Otto Harrassowitz 6148:978-0-486-21079-7 6111:978-0-691-18184-4 6027:978-3-540-74253-1 5857:978-1-305-56239-4 5335:. pp. 48–53. 4902:Astronomy Reports 4493:978-0-521-71405-1 4456:978-1-4093-2825-4 4392:978-0-486-23568-4 4271:978-0-304-34903-6 4244:978-0-7188-2695-6 4211:978-0-470-24917-8 4138:978-0-521-59889-7 4060:. Cambridge, UK: 3548:Astronomy Letters 3006:978-1-138-12566-7 2978:978-1-931559-44-7 2852:In modern culture 2669:Wilhelm Schickard 2649:Alphonsine tables 2560:type II supernova 2536:Stellar evolution 2408:and 363,000 2112: 2111: 1952:Separation = 9.5″ 1905:. Betelgeuse and 1823:reflection nebula 1662:From analysis of 1618:arising from the 1576:around a mean of 1555:bright supergiant 1406:Bayer designation 1185:of at least four 1152:Bayer designation 1133: 1132: 410: +0.50 398: +1.31 16:(Redirected from 8186: 8103: 8102: 8101: 8091: 8090: 8079: 8078: 8077: 8070: 8054: 8053: 8024: 7944: 7890:Horsehead Nebula 7784: 7702: 7654: 6917: 6864: 6857: 6850: 6841: 6806: 6805: 6803: 6801: 6792:. Archived from 6778: 6772: 6771: 6769: 6767: 6744: 6738: 6737: 6717: 6711: 6710: 6708: 6706: 6695: 6689: 6688: 6686: 6684: 6673: 6667: 6666: 6658: 6652: 6651: 6649: 6647: 6638:(in Norwegian). 6628: 6622: 6621: 6596: 6590: 6589: 6560: 6554: 6553: 6551: 6549: 6534: 6528: 6527: 6525: 6523: 6501: 6495: 6494: 6470: 6464: 6463: 6461: 6459: 6427: 6421: 6420: 6402: 6396: 6395: 6369: 6347: 6341: 6340: 6318: 6312: 6311: 6287: 6281: 6280: 6270: 6244: 6238: 6237: 6223: 6217: 6216: 6178: 6172: 6171: 6159: 6153: 6152: 6125: 6116: 6115: 6093: 6087: 6086: 6038: 6032: 6031: 5997: 5991: 5990: 5954: 5932: 5926: 5925: 5915: 5897: 5873: 5862: 5861: 5848:Cengage Learning 5837: 5831: 5821: 5819: 5809: 5799: 5766: 5760: 5759: 5733: 5713: 5707: 5706: 5686: 5673: 5663: 5661: 5651: 5641: 5608: 5602: 5601: 5575: 5573:astro-ph/0406573 5551: 5540: 5539: 5537: 5535: 5495: 5489: 5488: 5486: 5484: 5462: 5456: 5455: 5445: 5439: 5438: 5436: 5402: 5396: 5395: 5385: 5367: 5343: 5337: 5336: 5324: 5315: 5314: 5288: 5266: 5257: 5247: 5237: 5219: 5191: 5185: 5184: 5175: 5169: 5168: 5142: 5122: 5113: 5112: 5086: 5065: 5059: 5058: 5056: 5039:(2): 1141–1201. 5024: 5018: 5017: 4995: 4989: 4988: 4967: 4961: 4960: 4958: 4956: 4941: 4935: 4934: 4896: 4890: 4889: 4869: 4863: 4862: 4840: 4834: 4833: 4831: 4797: 4791: 4790: 4762: 4753: 4752: 4736: 4727: 4726: 4724: 4692: 4686: 4685: 4675: 4655: 4646: 4645: 4639: 4631: 4615: 4609: 4608: 4594: 4588: 4587: 4559: 4553: 4552: 4546: 4538: 4522: 4516: 4515: 4504: 4498: 4497: 4477: 4467: 4461: 4460: 4437: 4431: 4430: 4428: 4426: 4421:on 18 March 2012 4403: 4397: 4396: 4376: 4365: 4364: 4338: 4317: 4306: 4305: 4303: 4301: 4282: 4276: 4275: 4255: 4249: 4248: 4222: 4216: 4215: 4183: 4170: 4169: 4149: 4143: 4142: 4120: 4111: 4110: 4108: 4106: 4086: 4073: 4072: 4070: 4059: 4044: 4033: 4032: 4030: 4028: 4013: 4007: 4006: 4004: 4002: 3982: 3976: 3975: 3970: 3968: 3962: 3947: 3913: 3904: 3903: 3877: 3857: 3844: 3843: 3817: 3791: 3772: 3771: 3761: 3743: 3719: 3708: 3707: 3697: 3679: 3653: 3642: 3641: 3639: 3621: 3597: 3591: 3590: 3564: 3542: 3536: 3535: 3525: 3493: 3466: 3465: 3439: 3419: 3406: 3405: 3383: 3374: 3373: 3347: 3345:astro-ph/0509669 3338:(3): 1099–1126. 3327: 3308: 3307: 3305: 3303: 3293: 3276:(6): 3466–3471. 3261: 3238: 3237: 3235: 3201: 3188: 3187: 3165: 3156: 3155: 3153: 3119: 3106: 3105: 3083: 3077: 3076: 3050: 3028: 3011: 3010: 2989: 2983: 2982: 2960: 2944: 2941: 2935: 2931: 2882:program for the 2835: 2834: 2637: 2631: 2630: 2620: 2611:Alfonsine tables 2569: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2484: 2482: 2467: 2466: 2465: 2456: 2454: 2444: 2439:angular diameter 2432: 2424: 2373: 2371: 2365: 2362: 2360: 2354: 2346: 2340: 2313: 2263: 2256: 2248: 2243:stellar spectrum 2229: 2221: 2217: 2213: 2205: 2201: 2189: 2185: 2174: 2162:visual magnitude 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2133:William Herschel 2127:visual companion 2080: 2075: 2020: 2015: 1957: 1922: 1921: 1889: 1870: 1868: 1854: 1849: 1808: 1800: 1787: 1783: 1774: 1768: 1759: 1755: 1749: 1740: 1736: 1719: 1700: 1698: 1694: 1601: 1593: 1579: 1575: 1551:luminosity class 1545:of the hydrogen 1543:absorption lines 1484: 1469:celestial sphere 1442: 1434: 1426: 1370: 1363: 1356: 1349: 1344: 1295: 1245: 1230: 1201:) from the Sun. 1165:and abbreviated 1100: 1085: 1074: 1067: 1060: 1053: 1033: 1026: 1019: 1014: 1008: 1001: 994: 877: 875: 858: 856: 827: 825: 805: 803: 783: 781: 751: 750: 749: 723: 722: 721: 693: 691: 464: 462: 451: 449: 409: 397: 381: 379: 259:Characteristics 254: 248: 235: 224: 219: 201: 195: 182: 171: 166: 148: 147: 144: 143: 140: 131: 130: 127: 126: 123: 120: 117: 114: 74:Observation data 61: 54: 42: 21: 18:Rigel in fiction 8194: 8193: 8189: 8188: 8187: 8185: 8184: 8183: 8114: 8113: 8111: 8109: 8099: 8097: 8085: 8075: 8073: 8065: 8063: 8058: 8040: 8014: 7978: 7929: 7910:McNeil's Nebula 7833: 7769: 7748: 7696: 7685: 7644: 7640:WISE J0521+1025 7635:WISE J0457−0207 7553: 7510: 7447: 7349: 7146: 6906: 6873: 6868: 6814: 6809: 6799: 6797: 6780: 6779: 6775: 6765: 6763: 6746: 6745: 6741: 6734: 6719: 6718: 6714: 6704: 6702: 6697: 6696: 6692: 6682: 6680: 6675: 6674: 6670: 6660: 6659: 6655: 6645: 6643: 6630: 6629: 6625: 6618: 6598: 6597: 6593: 6586: 6563: 6561: 6557: 6547: 6545: 6536: 6535: 6531: 6521: 6519: 6512:Dominion Museum 6503: 6502: 6498: 6491: 6483:. p. 341. 6472: 6471: 6467: 6457: 6455: 6448: 6440:. p. 419. 6429: 6428: 6424: 6417: 6404: 6403: 6399: 6349: 6348: 6344: 6337: 6329:. p. 142. 6320: 6319: 6315: 6308: 6289: 6288: 6284: 6246: 6245: 6241: 6234:Clarendon Press 6225: 6224: 6220: 6180: 6179: 6175: 6161: 6160: 6156: 6149: 6127: 6126: 6119: 6112: 6095: 6094: 6090: 6040: 6039: 6035: 6028: 5999: 5998: 5994: 5979: 5934: 5933: 5929: 5875: 5874: 5865: 5858: 5850:. p. 274. 5839: 5838: 5834: 5770:Brown, A. G. A. 5768: 5767: 5763: 5715: 5714: 5710: 5688: 5687: 5676: 5612:Brown, A. G. A. 5610: 5609: 5605: 5557: 5553: 5552: 5543: 5533: 5531: 5524: 5508:. p. 434. 5497: 5496: 5492: 5482: 5480: 5464: 5463: 5459: 5447: 5446: 5442: 5404: 5403: 5399: 5345: 5344: 5340: 5326: 5325: 5318: 5268: 5267: 5260: 5193: 5192: 5188: 5177: 5176: 5172: 5124: 5123: 5116: 5067: 5066: 5062: 5026: 5025: 5021: 4997: 4996: 4992: 4969: 4968: 4964: 4954: 4952: 4943: 4942: 4938: 4898: 4897: 4893: 4871: 4870: 4866: 4842: 4841: 4837: 4799: 4798: 4794: 4764: 4763: 4756: 4738: 4737: 4730: 4694: 4693: 4689: 4657: 4656: 4649: 4632: 4617: 4616: 4612: 4596: 4595: 4591: 4561: 4560: 4556: 4539: 4524: 4523: 4519: 4506: 4505: 4501: 4494: 4469: 4468: 4464: 4457: 4439: 4438: 4434: 4424: 4422: 4405: 4404: 4400: 4393: 4378: 4377: 4368: 4319: 4318: 4309: 4299: 4297: 4284: 4283: 4279: 4272: 4261:Brilliant Stars 4257: 4256: 4252: 4245: 4224: 4223: 4219: 4212: 4185: 4184: 4173: 4151: 4150: 4146: 4139: 4122: 4121: 4114: 4104: 4102: 4088: 4087: 4076: 4068: 4057: 4046: 4045: 4036: 4026: 4024: 4015: 4014: 4010: 4000: 3998: 3984: 3983: 3979: 3966: 3964: 3960: 3915: 3914: 3907: 3859: 3858: 3847: 3793: 3792: 3775: 3721: 3720: 3711: 3655: 3654: 3645: 3599: 3598: 3594: 3555:(11): 759–771. 3544: 3543: 3539: 3495: 3494: 3469: 3421: 3420: 3409: 3385: 3384: 3377: 3329: 3328: 3311: 3301: 3299: 3263: 3262: 3241: 3203: 3202: 3191: 3167: 3166: 3159: 3121: 3120: 3109: 3085: 3084: 3080: 3030: 3029: 3014: 3007: 2991: 2990: 2986: 2979: 2962: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2948: 2947: 2942: 2938: 2932: 2928: 2923: 2911: 2854: 2809:Chatham Islands 2791:heliacal rising 2750:Wardaman people 2723:Yerrerdet-kurrk 2712:Lacandon people 2700:Norse mythology 2681:Edmund Chilmead 2576: 2567: 2553:Ledoux Criteria 2533: 2514: 2511: 2501: 2497: 2493: 2491: 2488: 2480: 2478: 2475: 2472: 2463: 2461: 2460: 2458: 2452: 2450: 2442: 2431: 2428: 2422: 2420: 2414: 2411: 2407: 2404: 2400: 2397: 2392: 2389: 2380: 2377: 2369: 2367: 2363: 2358: 2356: 2353: 2344: 2342: 2335: 2308: 2293:blue supergiant 2278: 2258: 2254: 2246: 2227: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2203: 2199: 2187: 2183: 2172: 2148: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2119: 2078: 2076: 2073: 2018: 2016: 2013: 1955: 1954:Period = 24,000 1953: 1919: 1887: 1869:0.0553 mas 1866: 1864: 1857:margin of error 1847: 1845: 1815: 1807: 1804: 1798: 1796: 1794: 1791: 1785: 1781: 1778: 1772: 1770: 1766: 1763: 1757: 1753: 1751: 1747: 1744: 1738: 1734: 1732: 1717: 1708: 1705: 1696: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1628: 1604:P Cygni profile 1599: 1588: 1577: 1570: 1562:radial velocity 1531: 1482: 1449: 1440: 1432: 1424: 1368: 1361: 1354: 1347: 1342: 1314: 1290: 1243: 1225: 1218:that of the Sun 1140:blue supergiant 1098: 1083: 1072: 1065: 1058: 1051: 1035: 1031: 1024: 1017: 1012: 1006: 999: 992: 967: 964: 938: 935: 913: 910: 873: 871: 854: 852: 844: sin 823: 821: 801: 799: 779: 777: 767:Surface gravity 759: 756: 747: 745: 744: 742: 731: 728: 719: 717: 716: 714: 701: 698: 689: 687: 618: 616: 601: 599: 481: 460: 458: 456: 447: 445: 406: 377: 375: 370: 365:Radial velocity 275:Blue supergiant 252: 243: 229: 222: 216:Right ascension 213: 199: 190: 176: 169: 163:Right ascension 160: 137: 133: 111: 107: 75: 69: 67: 66: 65: 64: 63: 62: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8192: 8190: 8182: 8181: 8176: 8171: 8166: 8161: 8156: 8151: 8146: 8141: 8136: 8131: 8126: 8116: 8115: 8108: 8107: 8095: 8083: 8060: 8059: 8049: 8046: 8045: 8042: 8041: 8039: 8038: 8032: 8030: 8020: 8019: 8016: 8015: 8013: 8012: 8007: 8002: 7997: 7992: 7986: 7984: 7980: 7979: 7977: 7976: 7971: 7966: 7961: 7956: 7950: 7948: 7941: 7935: 7934: 7931: 7930: 7928: 7927: 7922: 7917: 7912: 7907: 7902: 7897: 7892: 7887: 7882: 7877: 7872: 7867: 7862: 7857: 7852: 7847: 7841: 7839: 7835: 7834: 7832: 7831: 7826: 7821: 7816: 7811: 7806: 7801: 7796: 7790: 7788: 7781: 7775: 7774: 7771: 7770: 7768: 7767: 7762: 7756: 7754: 7750: 7749: 7747: 7746: 7741: 7736: 7731: 7726: 7721: 7716: 7710: 7708: 7699: 7691: 7690: 7687: 7686: 7684: 7683: 7678: 7673: 7668: 7662: 7660: 7650: 7649: 7646: 7645: 7643: 7642: 7637: 7632: 7627: 7622: 7617: 7612: 7607: 7602: 7597: 7592: 7587: 7582: 7577: 7572: 7567: 7561: 7559: 7555: 7554: 7552: 7551: 7546: 7541: 7536: 7531: 7526: 7520: 7518: 7512: 7511: 7509: 7508: 7503: 7498: 7493: 7488: 7483: 7478: 7473: 7468: 7463: 7457: 7455: 7449: 7448: 7446: 7445: 7440: 7435: 7430: 7425: 7420: 7415: 7410: 7405: 7400: 7395: 7390: 7385: 7380: 7375: 7370: 7365: 7359: 7357: 7351: 7350: 7348: 7347: 7342: 7337: 7332: 7327: 7322: 7317: 7312: 7307: 7302: 7297: 7292: 7287: 7282: 7277: 7272: 7267: 7262: 7257: 7252: 7247: 7242: 7237: 7232: 7227: 7222: 7217: 7212: 7207: 7202: 7197: 7192: 7187: 7182: 7177: 7172: 7167: 7162: 7156: 7154: 7148: 7147: 7145: 7144: 7139: 7134: 7129: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7109: 7101: 7096: 7091: 7086: 7081: 7076: 7071: 7066: 7061: 7056: 7051: 7046: 7041: 7036: 7031: 7026: 7021: 7016: 7011: 7010: 7009: 7004: 6999: 6994: 6989: 6984: 6979: 6974: 6964: 6956: 6951: 6946: 6941: 6936: 6931: 6929:α (Betelgeuse) 6925: 6923: 6914: 6908: 6907: 6905: 6904: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6884: 6878: 6875: 6874: 6869: 6867: 6866: 6859: 6852: 6844: 6838: 6837: 6831: 6825: 6820: 6813: 6812:External links 6810: 6808: 6807: 6773: 6739: 6732: 6712: 6690: 6668: 6653: 6623: 6616: 6610:. p. 19. 6591: 6584: 6555: 6529: 6496: 6489: 6465: 6446: 6422: 6415: 6407:Dark Sparklers 6397: 6360:(3): 220–234. 6342: 6335: 6313: 6306: 6300:. p. 39. 6282: 6261:(2): 215–222. 6239: 6218: 6173: 6154: 6147: 6117: 6110: 6088: 6067:10.1086/123157 6053:(198): 79–93. 6033: 6026: 5992: 5978:978-1402094408 5977: 5945:(1–4): 31–41. 5927: 5863: 5856: 5832: 5761: 5708: 5674: 5603: 5566:(2): 727–732. 5555: 5541: 5523:978-1441917775 5522: 5490: 5457: 5440: 5434:10.1086/110624 5397: 5338: 5333:Kalmbach Books 5329:The New Cosmos 5316: 5258: 5186: 5170: 5114: 5060: 5019: 4990: 4962: 4936: 4891: 4864: 4835: 4814:(3): 521–532. 4792: 4787:10.1086/143448 4754: 4728: 4722:10.1086/141674 4687: 4647: 4610: 4600:Solar research 4589: 4584:10.1086/145351 4554: 4517: 4499: 4492: 4462: 4455: 4432: 4398: 4391: 4366: 4307: 4277: 4270: 4250: 4243: 4217: 4210: 4171: 4144: 4137: 4112: 4074: 4034: 4008: 3977: 3905: 3845: 3808:(1): 108–115. 3773: 3709: 3643: 3592: 3537: 3467: 3407: 3375: 3309: 3291:10.1086/323920 3239: 3233:10.1086/144412 3189: 3157: 3107: 3078: 3041:(2): 653–664. 3012: 3005: 2984: 2977: 2954: 2952: 2949: 2946: 2945: 2936: 2925: 2924: 2922: 2919: 2918: 2917: 2910: 2907: 2891:Rigel Skerries 2880:cruise missile 2853: 2850: 2805:Moriori people 2710:(Sirius). The 2635:rijl al-jabbār 2575: 2572: 2541:red supergiant 2532: 2529: 2512: 2509: 2489: 2486: 2473: 2470: 2455:0.009 mas 2447:limb darkening 2443:2.526 mas 2429: 2426: 2412: 2409: 2405: 2402: 2398: 2395: 2390: 2387: 2378: 2375: 2351: 2277: 2274: 2239:spectral lines 2158:position angle 2110: 2109: 2106: 2105: 2103: 2098: 2096: 2094: 2092: 2089: 2088: 2086: 2083: 2082: 2070: 2068: 2066: 2064: 2062: 2059: 2058: 2056: 2053: 2052: 2047: 2045: 2043: 2041: 2039: 2037: 2035: 2033: 2030: 2029: 2027: 2025: 2022: 2021: 2010: 2008: 2006: 2004: 2002: 2000: 1998: 1995: 1994: 1992: 1990: 1988: 1986: 1983: 1982: 1977: 1975: 1973: 1971: 1969: 1967: 1965: 1962: 1960: 1959: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1943: 1942: 1940: 1937: 1936: 1934: 1929: 1927: 1925: 1920: 1918: 1917:Stellar system 1915: 1814: 1811: 1805: 1802: 1792: 1789: 1779: 1776: 1764: 1761: 1750:in 2006-7 and 1745: 1742: 1706: 1703: 1686: 1683: 1652:CCD photometry 1627: 1624: 1596:emission spike 1578:21.5 km/s 1566:Doppler shifts 1530: 1527: 1501:that includes 1495:Winter Hexagon 1448: 1445: 1435:1713, and the 1397:James B. Kaler 1395:). Astronomer 1376:05145-0812 or 1325:hydrogen-alpha 1313: 1310: 1131: 1130: 1125: 1122: 1121: 1116: 1108: 1107: 1103: 1102: 1088: 1087: 1037: 1036: 984: 981: 980: 974: 973: 970: 969: 965: 962: 958: 950: 949: 945: 944: 941: 940: 936: 933: 929: 921: 920: 916: 915: 911: 908: 904: 896: 895: 891: 890: 887: 886: 883: 882: 869: 861: 860: 850: 833: 832: 819: 811: 810: 797: 789: 788: 775: 762: 761: 757: 754: 740: 734: 733: 729: 726: 712: 704: 703: 699: 696: 685: 677: 676: 672: 671: 667: 666: 660: 651: 650: 647: 641: 640: 637: 631: 630: 624: 623: 620: 614: 611:Semi-amplitude 607: 606: 603: 597: 593:Semi-amplitude 588: 587: 584: 575: 574: 571: 562: 561: 558: 552: 551: 548: 542: 541: 535: 534: 528: 519: 518: 515: 509: 508: 505: 499: 498: 492: 491: 488: 487: 484: 479: 471: 470: 443: 435: 434: 428: 419: 418: 393: 384: 383: 373: 368: 360: 359: 356: 355: 349: 348: 345: 339: 338: 333: 327: 326: 322: 321: 316: 310: 309: 306: 299: 298: 295: 288: 287: 284: 278: 277: 272: 266: 265: 261: 260: 256: 255: 249: 240: 239: 236: 226: 225: 220: 210: 209: 203: 202: 196: 187: 186: 183: 173: 172: 170:05 14 32.27210 167: 157: 156: 150: 149: 105: 99: 98: 93: 85: 84: 71: 70: 56: 55: 49: 48: 47: 46: 45: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8191: 8180: 8177: 8175: 8172: 8170: 8167: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8159:Bayer objects 8157: 8155: 8152: 8150: 8147: 8145: 8142: 8140: 8137: 8135: 8132: 8130: 8127: 8125: 8122: 8121: 8119: 8112: 8106: 8096: 8094: 8089: 8084: 8082: 8072: 8068: 8057: 8047: 8037: 8034: 8033: 8031: 8029: 8025: 8021: 8011: 8008: 8006: 8003: 8001: 7998: 7996: 7993: 7991: 7988: 7987: 7985: 7981: 7975: 7972: 7970: 7967: 7965: 7962: 7960: 7957: 7955: 7952: 7951: 7949: 7945: 7942: 7940: 7936: 7926: 7923: 7921: 7918: 7916: 7913: 7911: 7908: 7906: 7903: 7901: 7898: 7896: 7893: 7891: 7888: 7886: 7883: 7881: 7878: 7876: 7873: 7871: 7868: 7866: 7863: 7861: 7858: 7856: 7853: 7851: 7848: 7846: 7843: 7842: 7840: 7836: 7830: 7827: 7825: 7822: 7820: 7817: 7815: 7812: 7810: 7807: 7805: 7802: 7800: 7797: 7795: 7792: 7791: 7789: 7785: 7782: 7780: 7776: 7766: 7763: 7761: 7758: 7757: 7755: 7751: 7745: 7742: 7740: 7737: 7735: 7732: 7730: 7727: 7725: 7722: 7720: 7717: 7715: 7712: 7711: 7709: 7707: 7703: 7700: 7698: 7692: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7672: 7669: 7667: 7664: 7663: 7661: 7659: 7655: 7651: 7641: 7638: 7636: 7633: 7631: 7628: 7626: 7623: 7621: 7618: 7616: 7613: 7611: 7608: 7606: 7603: 7601: 7598: 7596: 7593: 7591: 7588: 7586: 7583: 7581: 7578: 7576: 7573: 7571: 7568: 7566: 7563: 7562: 7560: 7556: 7550: 7547: 7545: 7542: 7540: 7537: 7535: 7532: 7530: 7527: 7525: 7522: 7521: 7519: 7517: 7513: 7507: 7504: 7502: 7499: 7497: 7494: 7492: 7489: 7487: 7484: 7482: 7479: 7477: 7474: 7472: 7469: 7467: 7464: 7462: 7459: 7458: 7456: 7454: 7450: 7444: 7441: 7439: 7436: 7434: 7431: 7429: 7426: 7424: 7421: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7411: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7401: 7399: 7396: 7394: 7391: 7389: 7386: 7384: 7381: 7379: 7376: 7374: 7371: 7369: 7366: 7364: 7361: 7360: 7358: 7356: 7352: 7346: 7343: 7341: 7338: 7336: 7333: 7331: 7328: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7318: 7316: 7313: 7311: 7308: 7306: 7303: 7301: 7298: 7296: 7293: 7291: 7288: 7286: 7283: 7281: 7278: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7263: 7261: 7258: 7256: 7253: 7251: 7248: 7246: 7243: 7241: 7238: 7236: 7233: 7231: 7228: 7226: 7223: 7221: 7218: 7216: 7213: 7211: 7208: 7206: 7203: 7201: 7198: 7196: 7193: 7191: 7188: 7186: 7183: 7181: 7178: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7168: 7166: 7163: 7161: 7158: 7157: 7155: 7153: 7149: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7110: 7108: 7107: 7102: 7100: 7097: 7095: 7092: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7082: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7072: 7070: 7067: 7065: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7052: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7017: 7015: 7012: 7008: 7005: 7003: 7000: 6998: 6995: 6993: 6990: 6988: 6985: 6983: 6980: 6978: 6975: 6973: 6970: 6969: 6968: 6965: 6963: 6962: 6957: 6955: 6952: 6950: 6947: 6945: 6942: 6940: 6939:γ (Bellatrix) 6937: 6935: 6932: 6930: 6927: 6926: 6924: 6922: 6918: 6915: 6913: 6909: 6903: 6902:Orion's Sword 6900: 6898: 6895: 6893: 6890: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6880: 6879: 6876: 6872: 6865: 6860: 6858: 6853: 6851: 6846: 6845: 6842: 6835: 6832: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6821: 6819: 6816: 6815: 6811: 6795: 6791: 6787: 6783: 6777: 6774: 6761: 6757: 6753: 6749: 6743: 6740: 6735: 6729: 6725: 6724: 6716: 6713: 6700: 6694: 6691: 6678: 6672: 6669: 6664: 6657: 6654: 6641: 6637: 6633: 6627: 6624: 6619: 6613: 6609: 6605: 6601: 6595: 6592: 6587: 6581: 6577: 6573: 6569: 6568: 6559: 6556: 6544: 6543:Renshaw Works 6540: 6533: 6530: 6517: 6513: 6509: 6508: 6500: 6497: 6492: 6486: 6482: 6478: 6477: 6469: 6466: 6453: 6449: 6443: 6439: 6435: 6434: 6426: 6423: 6418: 6412: 6408: 6401: 6398: 6393: 6389: 6385: 6381: 6377: 6373: 6368: 6363: 6359: 6355: 6354: 6346: 6343: 6338: 6332: 6328: 6327:HarperCollins 6324: 6317: 6314: 6309: 6303: 6299: 6295: 6294: 6286: 6283: 6278: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6260: 6256: 6255: 6250: 6243: 6240: 6235: 6231: 6230: 6222: 6219: 6214: 6210: 6206: 6202: 6198: 6194: 6190: 6186: 6185: 6177: 6174: 6170:. p. 46. 6169: 6165: 6158: 6155: 6150: 6144: 6140: 6136: 6135: 6130: 6124: 6122: 6118: 6113: 6107: 6103: 6099: 6092: 6089: 6084: 6080: 6076: 6072: 6068: 6064: 6060: 6056: 6052: 6048: 6044: 6037: 6034: 6029: 6023: 6019: 6015: 6011: 6007: 6003: 5996: 5993: 5988: 5984: 5980: 5974: 5970: 5966: 5962: 5958: 5953: 5948: 5944: 5940: 5939: 5931: 5928: 5923: 5919: 5914: 5909: 5905: 5901: 5896: 5891: 5887: 5883: 5879: 5872: 5870: 5868: 5864: 5859: 5853: 5849: 5845: 5844: 5836: 5833: 5829: 5825: 5818: 5813: 5808: 5803: 5798: 5793: 5789: 5785: 5784: 5779: 5777: 5771: 5765: 5762: 5757: 5753: 5749: 5745: 5741: 5737: 5732: 5727: 5723: 5719: 5712: 5709: 5704: 5700: 5696: 5692: 5685: 5683: 5681: 5679: 5675: 5671: 5667: 5660: 5655: 5650: 5645: 5640: 5635: 5631: 5627: 5626: 5621: 5619: 5613: 5607: 5604: 5599: 5595: 5591: 5587: 5583: 5579: 5574: 5569: 5565: 5561: 5550: 5548: 5546: 5542: 5529: 5525: 5519: 5515: 5511: 5507: 5503: 5502: 5494: 5491: 5478: 5474: 5470: 5469: 5461: 5458: 5453: 5452: 5444: 5441: 5435: 5430: 5426: 5422: 5418: 5414: 5413: 5408: 5401: 5398: 5393: 5389: 5384: 5379: 5375: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5357: 5353: 5349: 5342: 5339: 5334: 5330: 5323: 5321: 5317: 5312: 5308: 5304: 5300: 5296: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5278: 5274: 5273: 5265: 5263: 5259: 5255: 5251: 5245: 5241: 5236: 5231: 5227: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5209: 5205: 5201: 5199: 5190: 5187: 5182: 5181: 5174: 5171: 5166: 5162: 5158: 5154: 5150: 5146: 5141: 5136: 5132: 5128: 5121: 5119: 5115: 5110: 5106: 5102: 5098: 5094: 5090: 5085: 5080: 5076: 5072: 5064: 5061: 5055: 5050: 5046: 5042: 5038: 5034: 5030: 5023: 5020: 5015: 5011: 5007: 5003: 5002: 4994: 4991: 4986: 4982: 4978: 4974: 4966: 4963: 4950: 4946: 4940: 4937: 4932: 4928: 4924: 4920: 4916: 4912: 4908: 4904: 4903: 4895: 4892: 4887: 4883: 4879: 4875: 4868: 4865: 4860: 4856: 4852: 4848: 4847: 4839: 4836: 4830: 4825: 4821: 4817: 4813: 4809: 4808: 4803: 4796: 4793: 4788: 4784: 4780: 4776: 4772: 4768: 4761: 4759: 4755: 4750: 4746: 4742: 4735: 4733: 4729: 4723: 4718: 4714: 4710: 4706: 4702: 4698: 4691: 4688: 4683: 4679: 4674: 4669: 4665: 4661: 4654: 4652: 4648: 4643: 4637: 4629: 4625: 4621: 4614: 4611: 4606: 4602: 4601: 4593: 4590: 4585: 4581: 4577: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4558: 4555: 4550: 4544: 4536: 4532: 4528: 4521: 4518: 4513: 4512: 4503: 4500: 4495: 4489: 4485: 4481: 4476: 4475: 4466: 4463: 4458: 4452: 4448: 4444: 4443: 4436: 4433: 4420: 4416: 4412: 4408: 4402: 4399: 4394: 4388: 4384: 4383: 4375: 4373: 4371: 4367: 4362: 4358: 4354: 4350: 4346: 4342: 4337: 4332: 4328: 4324: 4316: 4314: 4312: 4308: 4295: 4291: 4287: 4281: 4278: 4273: 4267: 4263: 4262: 4254: 4251: 4246: 4240: 4236: 4232: 4230: 4221: 4218: 4213: 4207: 4203: 4199: 4195: 4191: 4190: 4182: 4180: 4178: 4176: 4172: 4167: 4163: 4159: 4155: 4148: 4145: 4140: 4134: 4130: 4126: 4119: 4117: 4113: 4100: 4096: 4092: 4085: 4083: 4081: 4079: 4075: 4067: 4063: 4056: 4055: 4050: 4043: 4041: 4039: 4035: 4022: 4018: 4012: 4009: 3997: 3993: 3992: 3987: 3981: 3978: 3974: 3959: 3955: 3951: 3946: 3941: 3937: 3933: 3929: 3925: 3924: 3919: 3912: 3910: 3906: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3889: 3885: 3881: 3876: 3871: 3867: 3863: 3856: 3854: 3852: 3850: 3846: 3841: 3837: 3833: 3829: 3825: 3821: 3816: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3802: 3797: 3790: 3788: 3786: 3784: 3782: 3780: 3778: 3774: 3769: 3765: 3760: 3755: 3751: 3747: 3742: 3737: 3733: 3729: 3725: 3718: 3716: 3714: 3710: 3705: 3701: 3696: 3691: 3687: 3683: 3678: 3673: 3669: 3665: 3664: 3659: 3652: 3650: 3648: 3644: 3638: 3633: 3629: 3625: 3620: 3615: 3611: 3607: 3603: 3596: 3593: 3588: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3563: 3558: 3554: 3550: 3549: 3541: 3538: 3533: 3529: 3524: 3519: 3515: 3511: 3507: 3503: 3499: 3492: 3490: 3488: 3486: 3484: 3482: 3480: 3478: 3476: 3474: 3472: 3468: 3463: 3459: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3443: 3438: 3433: 3429: 3425: 3418: 3416: 3414: 3412: 3408: 3403: 3399: 3395: 3391: 3390: 3382: 3380: 3376: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3346: 3341: 3337: 3333: 3326: 3324: 3322: 3320: 3318: 3316: 3314: 3310: 3297: 3292: 3287: 3283: 3279: 3275: 3271: 3267: 3260: 3258: 3256: 3254: 3252: 3250: 3248: 3246: 3244: 3240: 3234: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3212: 3207: 3200: 3198: 3196: 3194: 3190: 3185: 3181: 3177: 3173: 3172: 3171:The Messenger 3164: 3162: 3158: 3152: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3130: 3125: 3118: 3116: 3114: 3112: 3108: 3103: 3099: 3095: 3091: 3090: 3082: 3079: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3049: 3044: 3040: 3036: 3035: 3027: 3025: 3023: 3021: 3019: 3017: 3013: 3008: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2988: 2985: 2980: 2974: 2970: 2966: 2959: 2956: 2950: 2940: 2937: 2930: 2927: 2920: 2916: 2913: 2912: 2908: 2906: 2904: 2900: 2896: 2892: 2887: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2876:SSM-N-6 Rigel 2873: 2872: 2866: 2862: 2861: 2851: 2849: 2847: 2843: 2839: 2829: 2825: 2820: 2818: 2814: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2797: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2780: 2779: 2774: 2769: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2728: 2724: 2719: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2693: 2689: 2684: 2682: 2678: 2674: 2673:Rigel Algeuze 2670: 2666: 2662: 2658: 2654: 2650: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2636: 2625: 2621: 2619: 2613: 2612: 2607: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2590: 2585: 2580: 2573: 2571: 2565: 2561: 2556: 2554: 2549: 2548:fusing helium 2544: 2542: 2537: 2530: 2528: 2526: 2520: 2518: 2507: 2483:0.01 mas 2476: 2448: 2440: 2437:measured the 2436: 2418: 2393: 2382: 2355:at an age of 2350: 2339: 2333: 2327: 2325: 2321: 2318:is caused by 2317: 2312: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2297:main sequence 2294: 2287: 2282: 2275: 2273: 2269: 2267: 2262: 2251: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2231: 2225: 2209: 2196: 2191: 2181: 2177: 2170: 2165: 2163: 2159: 2154: 2134: 2130: 2128: 2124: 2118: 2116: 2107: 2102: 2097: 2095: 2090: 2087: 2084: 2072:Separation = 2067: 2065: 2063: 2060: 2054: 2051: 2044: 2042: 2031: 2028: 2026: 2024: 2023: 2014:0.58 mas 2012:Separation = 2007: 2005: 2003: 1996: 1991: 1989: 1987: 1984: 1981: 1974: 1972: 1966: 1963: 1961: 1944: 1941: 1939: 1938: 1933: 1928: 1926: 1923: 1916: 1914: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1891: 1885: 1881: 1877: 1872: 1862: 1858: 1853: 1843: 1839: 1831: 1827: 1824: 1819: 1812: 1810: 1786:300 km/s 1729: 1725: 1721: 1713: 1709: 1684: 1682: 1680: 1676: 1675:quasi-periods 1671: 1667: 1666: 1660: 1658: 1653: 1649: 1648:photoelectric 1641: 1637: 1632: 1625: 1623: 1621: 1617: 1611: 1609: 1605: 1597: 1592: 1586: 1583:In 1933, the 1581: 1574: 1567: 1563: 1558: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1547:Balmer series 1544: 1540: 1536: 1535:spectral type 1528: 1526: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1480: 1476: 1474: 1470: 1466: 1463:star with an 1462: 1453: 1446: 1444: 1438: 1430: 1422: 1418: 1413: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1381: 1379: 1375: 1367: 1360: 1353: 1346: 1338: 1334: 1331:In 2016, the 1326: 1322: 1318: 1311: 1309: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1294: 1287: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1260: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1247: 1238: 1234: 1231:. Due to its 1229: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1206:spectral type 1202: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1153: 1150:. It has the 1149: 1145: 1144:constellation 1141: 1137: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1123: 1120: 1117: 1115: 1114: 1110: 1109: 1104: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1082: 1078: 1071: 1064: 1057: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1030: 1027:J05145-0812, 1023: 1016: 1005: 998: 991: 987: 982: 979: 975: 971: 968: 959: 957: 956: 952: 951: 946: 942: 939: 930: 928: 927: 923: 922: 917: 914: 905: 903: 902: 898: 897: 892: 888: 884: 881: 870: 868: 867: 863: 862: 851: 849: 847: 843: 839: 835: 834: 831: 820: 818: 817: 813: 812: 809: 798: 796: 795: 791: 790: 787: 776: 774: 772: 768: 764: 763: 760: 741: 739: 736: 735: 732: 713: 711: 710: 706: 705: 702: 686: 684: 683: 679: 678: 673: 668: 665: 661: 659: 657: 653: 652: 648: 646: 643: 642: 638: 636: 633: 632: 629: 625: 621: 612: 609: 608: 604: 595: 594: 590: 589: 585: 583: 581: 577: 576: 572: 570: 568: 564: 563: 559: 557: 554: 553: 549: 547: 544: 543: 540: 536: 533: 529: 527: 525: 521: 520: 516: 514: 511: 510: 506: 504: 501: 500: 497: 493: 489: 485: 483: 477: 473: 472: 468: 455: 444: 442: 441: 437: 436: 433: 429: 427: 425: 421: 420: 417: 413: 405: 401: 394: 392: 390: 389:Proper motion 386: 385: 374: 372: 366: 362: 361: 357: 354: 350: 346: 344: 341: 340: 337: 336:Main sequence 334: 332: 329: 328: 323: 320: 317: 315: 312: 311: 307: 305: 301: 300: 296: 294: 290: 289: 285: 283: 280: 279: 276: 273: 271: 268: 267: 262: 257: 250: 246: 242: 241: 237: 234: 233: 228: 227: 221: 218: 217: 212: 211: 208: 204: 197: 193: 189: 188: 184: 181: 180: 175: 174: 168: 165: 164: 159: 158: 155: 151: 146: 129: 106: 104: 103:Pronunciation 101: 100: 97: 94: 92: 91: 90:Constellation 87: 86: 82: 78: 72: 60: 53: 43: 37: 33: 19: 8110: 8010:TXS 0506+056 8005:II Zwicky 28 7925:Orion Nebula 7865:Flame Nebula 7105: 6960: 6933: 6897:Orion's Belt 6798:. Retrieved 6794:the original 6785: 6776: 6764:. Retrieved 6751: 6742: 6722: 6715: 6703:. Retrieved 6693: 6681:. Retrieved 6671: 6662: 6656: 6644:. Retrieved 6635: 6626: 6603: 6600:Nojiri, Hōei 6594: 6571: 6566: 6558: 6546:. Retrieved 6542: 6532: 6520:. Retrieved 6506: 6499: 6479:. New York: 6475: 6468: 6456:. Retrieved 6436:. New York: 6432: 6425: 6406: 6400: 6357: 6351: 6345: 6322: 6316: 6292: 6285: 6258: 6252: 6242: 6228: 6221: 6191:(2): 89–98. 6188: 6182: 6176: 6163: 6157: 6133: 6101: 6091: 6050: 6046: 6036: 6001: 5995: 5942: 5936: 5930: 5885: 5881: 5842: 5835: 5787: 5781: 5775: 5764: 5721: 5717: 5711: 5694: 5690: 5629: 5623: 5617: 5606: 5563: 5559: 5532:. Retrieved 5504:. New York: 5500: 5493: 5481:. Retrieved 5467: 5460: 5450: 5443: 5416: 5410: 5400: 5355: 5351: 5341: 5328: 5279:(1): 46–63. 5276: 5270: 5207: 5203: 5197: 5189: 5179: 5173: 5130: 5126: 5074: 5070: 5063: 5036: 5032: 5022: 5005: 4999: 4993: 4976: 4972: 4965: 4953:. Retrieved 4939: 4909:(1): 80–88. 4906: 4900: 4894: 4877: 4873: 4867: 4850: 4844: 4838: 4811: 4805: 4795: 4770: 4766: 4740: 4704: 4700: 4690: 4663: 4619: 4613: 4599: 4592: 4567: 4563: 4557: 4526: 4520: 4509: 4502: 4473: 4465: 4441: 4435: 4423:. Retrieved 4419:the original 4410: 4401: 4381: 4326: 4322: 4298:. Retrieved 4280: 4260: 4253: 4234: 4228: 4220: 4188: 4157: 4153: 4147: 4124: 4103:. Retrieved 4094: 4053: 4025:. Retrieved 4011: 3999:. Retrieved 3989: 3980: 3972: 3965:. Retrieved 3930:: 112–162 . 3927: 3921: 3865: 3861: 3805: 3799: 3795: 3731: 3727: 3667: 3661: 3609: 3605: 3595: 3552: 3546: 3540: 3505: 3501: 3430:(1): 74–84. 3427: 3423: 3393: 3387: 3335: 3331: 3300:. Retrieved 3273: 3269: 3215: 3209: 3175: 3169: 3133: 3127: 3093: 3087: 3081: 3038: 3032: 2996: 2993:Upton, Clive 2987: 2964: 2958: 2939: 2929: 2888: 2870: 2865:World War II 2859: 2855: 2846:Orion's Belt 2827: 2821: 2812: 2794: 2782: 2776: 2773:Māori people 2770: 2765: 2757: 2745: 2733: 2722: 2720: 2715: 2707: 2703: 2692:Beta Eridani 2685: 2676: 2672: 2664: 2656: 2652: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2632: 2623: 2615: 2609: 2605: 2603: 2600:is derived. 2597: 2593: 2587: 2557: 2545: 2534: 2521: 2425:11,486 2383: 2348: 2341:. A mass of 2336:12,100 2328: 2309:30,000 2290: 2270: 2252: 2232: 2192: 2166: 2131: 2120: 2113: 2100: 2049: 2019:9.860 d 1979: 1931: 1911:runaway star 1903:Orion Nebula 1892: 1873: 1863:parallax of 1835: 1688: 1663: 1661: 1645: 1639: 1612: 1582: 1559: 1532: 1529:Spectroscopy 1477: 1459:Rigel is an 1458: 1414: 1389:Johann Bayer 1382: 1380:05145–0812. 1330: 1312:Nomenclature 1288: 1261: 1253:neutron star 1251:, leaving a 1233:stellar wind 1226:12,100 1203: 1170: 1166: 1163:Beta Orionis 1162: 1154: 1142:star in the 1135: 1134: 1111: 1091: 1040: 1034:J05145-0812 953: 924: 899: 864: 845: 841: 836: 814: 792: 770: 765: 737: 707: 680: 654: 644: 634: 610: 591: 580:Eccentricity 578: 565: 555: 545: 522: 512: 502: 474: 438: 422: 387: 363: 230: 223:05 14 32.049 214: 206: 177: 161: 153: 88: 36: 8105:Outer space 7681:HD 290327 b 7565:4U 0614+091 6954:ζ (Alnitak) 6949:ε (Alnilam) 6944:δ (Mintaka) 6632:"MS. Rigel" 6522:16 November 5724:(2): 3358. 4880:: 215–221. 4511:Planisphere 4482:. pp. 4300:11 February 4229:Uranometria 4001:13 February 3670:(2): 1114. 3612:(1): 1–12. 2903:Mount Rigel 2828:Genji-boshi 2698:'s toe" in 2502:360 pc 2498:264 pc 2494:264 pc 2291:Rigel is a 2222:555 in his 2206:. In 2009, 2143:33, or as H 2123:star system 2077:Period = 63 1840:of Rigel's 1670:Alpha Cygni 1657:color index 1636:light curve 1626:Variability 1620:photosphere 1600:1.5 nm 1505:, Capella, 1479:Culminating 1447:Observation 1293:arc seconds 1210:as luminous 1195:light-years 1183:star system 1157:, which is 1094:: Rigel B, 816:Metallicity 794:Temperature 619:(secondary) 319:Alpha Cygni 304:color index 293:color index 232:Declination 200:(0.05–0.18) 179:Declination 8118:Categories 8036:GRB 991216 8000:CGCG 396-2 7920:Messier 78 7915:Messier 43 7855:Barnard 30 7676:HD 38529 b 7671:HD 37605 b 7666:HD 34445 b 7658:Exoplanets 7600:Gliese 221 7595:Gliese 208 7590:Gliese 205 7585:Gliese 179 7575:GRB 991216 7029:λ (Meissa) 7019:ι (Hatysa) 6961:(Algjebba) 6800:2 February 6766:2 February 6458:3 November 6325:. London: 5888:: L6–L10. 5797:1804.09365 5639:1804.09365 5534:1 February 5365:1805.04649 5217:2208.00211 4445:. London: 4329:(1): 211. 4235:Star Tales 4105:1 February 3967:23 January 3741:1712.08109 3619:2204.00372 3562:1606.08053 2951:References 2895:Antarctica 2842:Genpei War 2838:Heike clan 2824:Genji clan 2758:Unumburrgu 2734:Totyerguil 2727:Wotjobaluk 2704:Trois Rois 2629:رجل الجبار 2608:is in the 2202:to around 1876:nebulosity 1850:0.34 1821:Rigel and 1393:Betelgeuse 1306:arc minute 1284:Betelgeuse 1257:black hole 1235:, Rigel's 1220:, and its 1214:as massive 1204:A star of 1197:(260 1079:−08°1063, 1045:19 Orionis 960:3.84 931:2.94 906:3.84 859: km/s 769:(log 573:9.860 days 382: km/s 353:Astrometry 347:B9V + B9V 8081:Astronomy 7995:4C +09.17 7990:4C +03.10 7152:Flamsteed 7069:π (Tabit) 7024:κ (Saiph) 6934:β (Rigel) 6646:5 January 6606:. Tokyo: 6392:118454721 6367:1010.4610 6213:118597258 6131:(1963) . 6075:0004-6280 5952:0710.4003 5922:118557550 5895:1311.4744 5756:119268845 5731:0811.0492 5697:: 59–60. 5598:119387088 5392:119509277 5358:(3): 22. 5311:119262311 5286:1007.0241 5244:244398875 5165:118404460 5140:1405.0907 5084:1007.2095 4947:. AAVSO. 4931:125853869 4673:0812.0046 4636:cite book 4543:cite book 4336:0806.0929 4227:"Bayer's 3986:"bet Ori" 3954:186209247 3875:1005.2278 3815:1201.0843 3768:119427037 3734:(1): 16. 3704:118557626 3677:1311.5116 3587:119231169 3508:: 75–84. 3462:119072203 3437:1202.1836 3370:118953817 3178:: 27–34. 3048:0708.1752 2766:Ya-jungin 2696:Aurvandil 2564:supernova 2531:Evolution 2517:Aldebaran 2193:In 1871, 2017:Period = 1685:Mass loss 1665:Hipparcos 1608:mass loss 1589:0.1 1503:Aldebaran 1473:B-V color 1439:number HD 1385:Latinized 1291:9.5 1280:night sky 1249:supernova 1237:mass-loss 1191:naked eye 1159:Latinized 1155:β Orionis 986:β Orionis 645:Companion 622:32.6 km/s 605:25.0 km/s 602:(primary) 556:Companion 513:Companion 253:(7.5/7.6) 247: (V) 194: (V) 8056:Category 7939:Galaxies 7905:LDN 1641 7875:HH 24-26 7850:Abell 13 7845:Abell 12 7697:clusters 7630:S Ori 70 7625:S Ori 52 7615:LP 658-2 7610:HOPS 383 7355:Variable 7106:(Thabit) 6760:Archived 6640:Archived 6602:(2002). 6576:Sanseidō 6572:Daijirin 6516:Archived 6481:Springer 6452:Archived 6083:40668597 5987:14254892 5528:Archived 5506:Springer 5477:Archived 5133:: A125. 5109:10340205 4955:26 April 4949:Archived 4361:18067739 4294:Archived 4099:Archived 4066:Archived 4021:Archived 3958:Archived 3900:55532189 3532:30387824 3396:: 1–49. 3302:13 March 3296:Archived 3073:18759600 2909:See also 2899:astrofix 2801:Pleiades 2796:Matariki 2762:Eridanus 2754:Kangaroo 2677:Algibbar 2513:☉ 2490:☉ 2474:☉ 2430:☉ 2413:☉ 2406:☉ 2399:☉ 2391:☉ 2379:☉ 2352:☉ 1842:parallax 1830:Eridanus 1813:Distance 1806:☉ 1793:☉ 1780:☉ 1775:10 1765:☉ 1760:10 1746:☉ 1741:10 1707:☉ 1571:10 1533:Rigel's 1499:asterism 1431:entry HR 1364:555, or 1167:Beta Ori 1075:131907, 966:☉ 937:☉ 912:☉ 758:☉ 730:☉ 700:☉ 478: (M 440:Distance 424:Parallax 83:J2000.0 8067:Portals 7900:IC 2118 7779:Nebulae 7620:PDS 110 7605:GJ 3379 7580:G 99-47 7570:CVSO 30 6705:14 June 6683:14 June 6548:16 June 6372:Bibcode 6193:Bibcode 6055:Bibcode 6006:Bibcode 5957:Bibcode 5900:Bibcode 5802:Bibcode 5736:Bibcode 5699:Bibcode 5644:Bibcode 5578:Bibcode 5510:Bibcode 5483:7 March 5421:Bibcode 5419:: 233. 5370:Bibcode 5291:Bibcode 5222:Bibcode 5145:Bibcode 5089:Bibcode 5041:Bibcode 5010:Bibcode 4981:Bibcode 4979:: 263. 4911:Bibcode 4905:. 5.1. 4882:Bibcode 4855:Bibcode 4816:Bibcode 4775:Bibcode 4745:Bibcode 4709:Bibcode 4678:Bibcode 4666:: 459. 4624:Bibcode 4572:Bibcode 4570:: 362. 4531:Bibcode 4425:28 June 4341:Bibcode 4198:Bibcode 4162:Bibcode 4091:"Rigel" 4027:28 July 3932:Bibcode 3880:Bibcode 3868:: A38. 3820:Bibcode 3746:Bibcode 3682:Bibcode 3624:Bibcode 3567:Bibcode 3510:Bibcode 3442:Bibcode 3398:Bibcode 3350:Bibcode 3278:Bibcode 3220:Bibcode 3218:: 421. 3180:Bibcode 3138:Bibcode 3136:: 359. 3098:Bibcode 3053:Bibcode 2969:Sky Pub 2884:US Navy 2807:of the 2787:Antares 2756:Leader 2742:Boorong 2725:to the 2645:Elgebar 2641:Algebar 2347:3 1880:IC 2118 1826:IC 2118 1801:3 1511:Procyon 1278:in the 1175:massive 1128:Rigel B 1068:24436, 1054:34085, 748:−21,000 746:+25,000 743:120,000 670:Details 635:Primary 546:Primary 530:24,000 503:Primary 81:Equinox 7895:IC 434 7885:HH 111 7870:HH 1/2 7549:290327 7345:75 (l) 7340:74 (k) 7330:72 (f) 7320:69 (f) 7265:51 (b) 7260:49 (d) 7250:42 (c) 7230:32 (A) 7220:29 (e) 7215:27 (p) 7210:23 (m) 7205:22 (o) 7190:16 (h) 7180:14 (i) 6730: 6614: 6582: 6487: 6444: 6413: 6390: 6333: 6304: 6277:663691 6275: 6211: 6145: 6108: 6081: 6073: 6024: 5985: 5975: 5920: 5854: 5828:VizieR 5790:. A1. 5754: 5670:VizieR 5632:. A1. 5596: 5520: 5390: 5309: 5254:VizieR 5242: 5210:: A1. 5163: 5107: 5077:: A5. 4929: 4773:: 67. 4707:: 26. 4490: 4453: 4389: 4359: 4268: 4241: 4208: 4135: 3991:SIMBAD 3952: 3898: 3840:425831 3838: 3766: 3702: 3585: 3530: 3460: 3368: 3071: 3003: 2975: 2934:globe. 2878:was a 2874:. The 2778:Puanga 2748:. The 2738:Altair 2716:tunsel 2671:, and 2665:Riglon 2647:. The 2468: 2421:61,515 2374: 2364: 2255: 2247: 2228: 2220: 2216: 2212:0.124″ 2188: 2184: 2173: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2079: 1956: 1888: 1865:3.2352 1718: 1642:(2012) 1640:et al. 1598:about 1515:Sirius 1513:, and 1507:Pollux 1497:", an 1483: 1441: 1433: 1425: 1369: 1362: 1355: 1348: 1343: 1244: 1179:eponym 1113:SIMBAD 1099: 1084: 1073: 1066: 1061:1713, 1059: 1052: 1032: 1025: 1018: 1013: 1007: 1000: 995:3823, 993: 878: 828: 806: 800:12,100 784: 752: 724: 709:Radius 694: 656:Period 567:Period 524:Period 465: 452: 308:−0.03 297:−0.66 286:B8 Ia 40:Rigel 8093:Stars 7983:Other 7880:HH 34 7838:Other 7753:Other 7558:Other 7544:42618 7539:37605 7534:37320 7529:34445 7524:33636 7443:V2384 7438:V2254 7433:V1352 7428:V1201 7423:V1005 7165:6 (g) 6921:Bayer 6912:Stars 6836:AAVSO 6570:[ 6388:S2CID 6362:arXiv 6273:JSTOR 6209:S2CID 6079:JSTOR 5983:S2CID 5947:arXiv 5918:S2CID 5890:arXiv 5822: 5792:arXiv 5752:S2CID 5726:arXiv 5664: 5634:arXiv 5594:S2CID 5568:arXiv 5394:. 84. 5388:S2CID 5360:arXiv 5307:S2CID 5281:arXiv 5248: 5240:S2CID 5212:arXiv 5161:S2CID 5135:arXiv 5105:S2CID 5079:arXiv 5008:: 1. 4927:S2CID 4853:: 1. 4668:arXiv 4486:–59. 4357:S2CID 4331:arXiv 4194:Wiley 4160:: 1. 4095:Stars 4069:(PDF) 4058:(PDF) 3961:(PDF) 3950:S2CID 3896:S2CID 3870:arXiv 3836:S2CID 3810:arXiv 3764:S2CID 3736:arXiv 3700:S2CID 3672:arXiv 3614:arXiv 3583:S2CID 3557:arXiv 3528:S2CID 3458:S2CID 3432:arXiv 3366:S2CID 3340:arXiv 3069:S2CID 3043:arXiv 2921:Notes 2871:Rigel 2860:Rigel 2815:is a 2813:Puaka 2799:(the 2783:Rehua 2730:koori 2688:Orion 2657:Regel 2606:Rigel 2598:Rigel 2451:2.606 2324:Deneb 2226:or BU 1932:Rigel 1907:Saiph 1357:668, 1321:Orion 1255:or a 1187:stars 1171:β Ori 1148:Orion 1138:is a 1136:Rigel 1119:Rigel 1009:555, 1002:668, 822:−0.06 628:Orbit 539:Orbit 496:Orbit 486:−7.84 408:Dec.: 251:6.67 198:0.13 96:Orion 77:Epoch 7974:2119 7969:2110 7964:1924 7959:1819 7954:1683 7829:2174 7824:2071 7819:2067 7814:2064 7809:2023 7804:2022 7799:1999 7794:1788 7744:2202 7739:2194 7734:2175 7729:2169 7724:1981 7719:1980 7714:1662 7695:Star 7506:2275 7501:2251 7496:2024 7491:2007 7486:1988 7481:1952 7476:1887 7471:1874 7466:1763 7461:1759 7418:V883 7413:V380 6802:2019 6768:2019 6728:ISBN 6707:2020 6685:2020 6648:2019 6612:ISBN 6580:ISBN 6550:2020 6524:2012 6485:ISBN 6460:2016 6442:ISBN 6411:ISBN 6331:ISBN 6302:ISBN 6143:ISBN 6106:ISBN 6071:ISSN 6022:ISBN 5973:ISBN 5852:ISBN 5776:Gaia 5618:Gaia 5536:2019 5518:ISBN 5485:2019 5198:Gaia 5006:4659 4957:2019 4851:2762 4642:link 4549:link 4488:ISBN 4451:ISBN 4427:2014 4387:ISBN 4302:2019 4266:ISBN 4239:ISBN 4206:ISBN 4133:ISBN 4107:2019 4029:2016 4003:2019 3969:2020 3796:MOST 3304:2016 3094:2237 3001:ISBN 2973:ISBN 2889:The 2869:USS 2856:The 2771:The 2708:Bįhi 2624:rijl 2479:2.75 2464:−7.3 2462:+6.1 2459:74.1 2259:44.5 2204:0.3″ 2200:0.1″ 2121:The 2074:0.1″ 1846:3.78 1756:1.1) 1752:(7.6 1737:0.9) 1733:(9.4 1724:VLTI 1720:band 1695:0.4) 1691:(1.5 1679:MOST 1573:km/s 1539:late 1378:CCDM 1350:33, 1242:type 1101:3111 1096:GCRV 1022:CCDM 1020:33, 955:Mass 926:Mass 901:Mass 826:0.10 782:0.10 778:1.75 720:−7.3 718:+6.1 715:74.1 682:Mass 376:17.8 302:B−V 291:U−B 7947:NGC 7787:NGC 7706:NGC 6567:大辞林 6380:doi 6263:doi 6201:doi 6063:doi 6014:doi 5965:doi 5943:316 5908:doi 5886:439 5826:at 5812:doi 5788:616 5744:doi 5722:137 5668:at 5654:doi 5630:616 5586:doi 5564:424 5473:218 5429:doi 5378:doi 5356:156 5299:doi 5277:720 5252:at 5230:doi 5208:674 5153:doi 5131:566 5097:doi 5075:521 5049:doi 5037:507 4919:doi 4878:330 4824:doi 4812:290 4783:doi 4717:doi 4580:doi 4568:112 4349:doi 4327:487 4158:115 3940:doi 3888:doi 3866:517 3828:doi 3806:747 3754:doi 3732:155 3690:doi 3668:438 3632:doi 3610:515 3575:doi 3518:doi 3506:124 3450:doi 3428:749 3358:doi 3336:445 3286:doi 3274:122 3228:doi 3146:doi 3061:doi 3039:474 2858:MS 2833:源氏星 2675:or 2643:or 2586:'s 2568:−11 2492:at 2441:as 1852:mas 1844:is 1828:in 1782:/yr 1771:1.5 1767:/yr 1748:/yr 1712:Sun 1650:or 1525:). 1374:WDS 1366:ADS 1339:as 1224:is 1169:or 1161:to 1146:of 1086:194 1081:FK5 1070:SAO 1063:HIP 1029:WDS 997:STF 990:ADS 880:Myr 866:Age 830:dex 804:150 786:cgs 662:63 658:(P) 586:0.1 582:(e) 569:(P) 526:(P) 459:260 446:848 432:mas 426:(π) 412:mas 400:mas 396:RA: 391:(μ) 380:0.4 325:BC 132:or 8120:: 7516:HD 7453:HR 7408:GW 7403:FU 7398:DN 7393:BM 7388:BF 7383:VV 7378:UX 7335:73 7325:71 7315:68 7310:66 7305:64 7300:63 7295:60 7290:59 7285:57 7280:56 7275:55 7270:52 7255:45 7245:38 7240:35 7235:33 7225:31 7200:21 7195:18 7185:15 7175:13 7170:11 7104:υ 6959:η 6788:. 6784:. 6758:. 6754:. 6750:. 6634:. 6578:. 6541:. 6450:. 6386:. 6378:. 6370:. 6358:13 6356:. 6271:. 6259:48 6257:. 6251:. 6207:. 6199:. 6189:17 6187:. 6120:^ 6077:. 6069:. 6061:. 6051:34 6049:. 6045:. 6020:. 6012:. 5981:. 5971:. 5963:. 5955:. 5941:. 5916:. 5906:. 5898:. 5884:. 5880:. 5866:^ 5810:. 5800:. 5786:. 5780:. 5750:. 5742:. 5734:. 5720:. 5693:. 5677:^ 5652:. 5642:. 5628:. 5622:. 5592:. 5584:. 5576:. 5562:. 5544:^ 5526:. 5516:. 5475:. 5427:. 5417:73 5415:. 5409:. 5386:. 5376:. 5368:. 5354:. 5350:. 5319:^ 5305:. 5297:. 5289:. 5275:. 5261:^ 5238:. 5228:. 5220:. 5206:. 5202:. 5159:. 5151:. 5143:. 5129:. 5117:^ 5103:. 5095:. 5087:. 5073:. 5047:. 5035:. 5031:. 5004:. 4977:79 4975:. 4925:. 4917:. 4907:61 4876:. 4849:. 4822:. 4810:. 4804:. 4781:. 4771:77 4769:. 4757:^ 4731:^ 4715:. 4705:30 4703:. 4699:. 4676:. 4662:. 4650:^ 4638:}} 4634:{{ 4605:16 4578:. 4566:. 4545:}} 4541:{{ 4484:58 4413:. 4409:. 4369:^ 4355:. 4347:. 4339:. 4325:. 4310:^ 4292:. 4288:. 4233:. 4204:. 4174:^ 4156:. 4115:^ 4097:. 4093:. 4077:^ 4064:. 4037:^ 3994:. 3988:. 3971:. 3956:. 3948:. 3938:. 3928:72 3926:. 3920:. 3908:^ 3894:. 3886:. 3878:. 3864:. 3848:^ 3834:. 3826:. 3818:. 3804:. 3776:^ 3762:. 3752:. 3744:. 3730:. 3726:. 3712:^ 3698:. 3688:. 3680:. 3666:. 3660:. 3646:^ 3630:. 3622:. 3608:. 3604:. 3581:. 3573:. 3565:. 3553:32 3551:. 3526:. 3516:. 3504:. 3500:. 3470:^ 3456:. 3448:. 3440:. 3426:. 3410:^ 3394:34 3392:. 3378:^ 3364:. 3356:. 3348:. 3334:. 3312:^ 3294:. 3284:. 3272:. 3268:. 3242:^ 3226:. 3216:95 3214:. 3208:. 3192:^ 3176:87 3174:. 3160:^ 3144:. 3132:. 3126:. 3110:^ 3096:. 3092:. 3067:. 3059:. 3051:. 3037:. 3015:^ 2971:. 2901:. 2848:. 2683:. 2663:, 2555:. 2519:. 2381:. 2368:24 2343:21 2139:II 2050:Bb 1980:Ba 1797:24 1728:Hγ 1699:10 1634:A 1591:nm 1585:Hα 1580:. 1509:, 1423:19 1412:. 1345:II 1246:II 1199:pc 1077:BD 1056:HR 1049:HD 1047:, 1015:II 1004:BU 988:, 919:Bb 894:Ba 853:25 688:21 664:yr 613:(K 596:(K 560:Bb 550:Ba 532:yr 517:BC 467:pc 463:20 454:ly 450:65 416:yr 404:yr 367:(R 264:A 207:BC 142:əl 136:/- 125:əl 122:dʒ 119:aɪ 8069:: 7373:W 7368:U 7363:S 7160:5 7142:ω 7137:ψ 7132:ψ 7127:χ 7122:χ 7117:φ 7112:φ 7099:τ 7094:σ 7089:ρ 7084:π 7079:π 7074:π 7064:π 7059:π 7054:ο 7049:ο 7044:ξ 7039:ν 7034:μ 7014:θ 7007:H 7002:G 6997:F 6992:E 6987:D 6982:C 6977:B 6972:A 6967:θ 6863:e 6856:t 6849:v 6804:. 6770:. 6736:. 6709:. 6687:. 6650:. 6620:. 6588:. 6562:" 6552:. 6526:. 6493:. 6462:. 6419:. 6394:. 6382:: 6374:: 6364:: 6339:. 6310:. 6279:. 6265:: 6236:. 6215:. 6203:: 6195:: 6151:. 6114:. 6085:. 6065:: 6057:: 6030:. 6016:: 6008:: 5989:. 5967:: 5959:: 5949:: 5924:. 5910:: 5902:: 5892:: 5860:. 5830:. 5820:. 5814:: 5804:: 5794:: 5774:" 5758:. 5746:: 5738:: 5728:: 5705:. 5701:: 5695:1 5672:. 5662:. 5656:: 5646:: 5636:: 5616:" 5600:. 5588:: 5580:: 5570:: 5556:B 5538:. 5512:: 5487:. 5437:. 5431:: 5423:: 5380:: 5372:: 5362:: 5313:. 5301:: 5293:: 5283:: 5256:. 5246:. 5232:: 5224:: 5214:: 5196:" 5183:. 5167:. 5155:: 5147:: 5137:: 5111:. 5099:: 5091:: 5081:: 5057:. 5051:: 5043:: 5016:. 5012:: 4987:. 4983:: 4959:. 4933:. 4921:: 4913:: 4888:. 4884:: 4861:. 4857:: 4832:. 4826:: 4818:: 4789:. 4785:: 4777:: 4751:. 4747:: 4725:. 4719:: 4711:: 4684:. 4680:: 4670:: 4644:) 4630:. 4626:: 4607:. 4586:. 4582:: 4574:: 4551:) 4537:. 4533:: 4496:. 4459:. 4429:. 4395:. 4363:. 4351:: 4343:: 4333:: 4304:. 4274:. 4247:. 4214:. 4200:: 4168:. 4164:: 4141:. 4109:. 4031:. 4005:. 3942:: 3934:: 3902:. 3890:: 3882:: 3872:: 3842:. 3830:: 3822:: 3812:: 3770:. 3756:: 3748:: 3738:: 3706:. 3692:: 3684:: 3674:: 3640:. 3634:: 3626:: 3616:: 3589:. 3577:: 3569:: 3559:: 3534:. 3520:: 3512:: 3464:. 3452:: 3444:: 3434:: 3404:. 3400:: 3372:. 3360:: 3352:: 3342:: 3306:. 3288:: 3280:: 3236:. 3230:: 3222:: 3186:. 3182:: 3154:. 3148:: 3140:: 3134:5 3104:. 3100:: 3075:. 3063:: 3055:: 3045:: 3009:. 2981:. 2830:( 2785:( 2736:( 2510:R 2487:R 2481:± 2471:R 2453:± 2427:L 2423:± 2410:L 2403:L 2396:L 2388:L 2385:( 2376:M 2372:8 2370:± 2361:1 2359:± 2357:8 2349:M 2345:± 2338:K 2311:K 2261:″ 2147:2 2101:C 2081:y 1958:y 1867:± 1848:± 1803:M 1799:± 1790:M 1777:M 1773:× 1762:M 1758:× 1754:± 1743:M 1739:× 1735:± 1716:K 1704:M 1697:× 1693:± 1359:β 1352:Σ 1341:H 1228:K 1092:B 1041:A 1011:H 963:M 948:C 934:M 909:M 876:1 874:± 872:8 857:3 855:± 848:) 846:i 842:v 840:( 824:± 808:K 802:± 780:± 773:) 771:g 755:L 727:R 697:M 692:3 690:± 675:A 649:C 639:B 617:) 615:2 600:) 598:1 507:A 482:) 480:V 469:) 461:± 457:( 448:± 414:/ 402:/ 378:± 371:) 369:v 154:A 145:/ 139:ɡ 128:/ 116:r 113:ˈ 110:/ 34:. 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index