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1429:, a place frequented by ships' captains, drovers, and a variety of businessmen. Hachaliah Bailey of Somers, New York, regularly stayed at the Bull's Head when he took his cattle to the abattoir, which was located nearby. The newspaper reports that the first elephant was sold to a 'Mister Owen.' Unfortunately, they gave no other information about the man, nor did they tell what he did with the elephant he bought, but Hachaliah Bailey's business partner and brother-in-law was named Owen. .... P. T. Barnum, not often cited for his honesty, nevertheless made an accurate statement when he called Hach Bailey the father of the American circus. As a boy, Barnum had worked as a ticket seller for the Somers drover turned showman.
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967:. Ringling estimated that 150 employees were on board at the time of the accident; fifteen received minor injuries, and clown Ceslee Conkling and elephant trainer Ted Svertesky were killed. The animals were not injured due to the nature of the derailment. The cars carrying the horses and elephants were at the front of the train because otherwise their weight could derail the train, and the other animals were carried at the back of the train. The NTSB’s report on the accident concluded that the train derailed due to a
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517:, stating that he was "a scientist, not an actor." Though there was a threat of a strike if he did not join the union, he maintained that he would not compromise his principles, saying, "Don't get me wrong. I'm with the working man. I worked like a dog once myself. And my heart is with the fellow who works. But I don't want some ... union delegate telling me when to get on and off an elephant." Eventually, the union gave Buck a special dispensation to introduce
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2636:... Ringling had become the target of animal protection groups that claimed it mistreated its elephants, and the two sides soon locked in a 14-year legal battle so cutthroat it involved secret informants paid by animal groups and a former CIA official who was paid by Ringling's parent company, Feld Entertainment, to spy on activists and a journalist. The litigation ended with several animal groups paying a $ 16 million settlement to Feld.
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Follies, Holiday on Ice and the new Walt Disney's World on Ice. ...Irvin Feld was a record and music promoter and music store chain owner before becoming involved with the circus in 1956. In 1967, he and a brother acquired the company's total assets from the
Ringling and North families for $ 8 million. Two years later, the circus became a publicly held corporation, and in 1971 the company was sold to Mattel for $ 50 million in stock
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591:, during an afternoon performance attended by some 8,000 people, the Big Top tent caught fire. At least 167 people were killed and many hundreds injured. Circus management was found to be negligent and several Ringling executives served sentences in jail. Ringling Brothers' management set aside all profits for the next ten years to pay the claims filed against the show by the City of Hartford and the survivors of the fire.
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653:, bought the company outright from North and the Ringling family interests for $ 8 million at a ceremony at Rome's Colosseum. Irving Feld immediately began making other changes to improve the quality and profitability of the show. Irvin got rid of the freak show so as not to capitalize on others' deformations and to become more family oriented. He got rid of the more routine acts.
1061:, which at that time housed over 40 elephants. Feld stated that this action was not a result of the allegations by animal rights groups, but rather due to the patchwork of local laws regarding whether elephants could be used in entertainment shows. Some of those local laws referred to were bans against the use of bullhooks. Subsequently, the retirement was moved up to 2016.
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722:, which broke ground in April 1973. The theme park was expected to become the circus's winter home as well as to have the Clown College located there. Mattel placed the circus corporation up for sale in December 1973 despite its profit contributions, as Mattel as a whole had a $ 29.9 million loss in 1972. The park's opening was delayed until February 1974.
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Sparks, Hagenbeck-Wallace, and John
Robinson. ... On July 16, 1956, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the financially troubled Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey gave its last performance under their enormous big top. John Ringling North commented at that time "the tented circus as it exists today is, in my opinion, a thing of the past."
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and Barnum & Bailey
Combined Shows" debuted in New York City. The posters declared, "The Ringling Bros. World's Greatest Shows and the Barnum & Bailey Greatest Show on Earth are now combined into one record-breaking giant of all exhibitions." Charles E. Ringling died in 1926, but the circus flourished through the
366:. During this time, Barnum took the Museum on road tours, named "P.T. Barnum's Grand Traveling American Museum". The Museum burned down in July 1865. Though Barnum attempted to re-establish the Museum at another location in the city, it too burned down in 1868, and Barnum opted to retire from the museum business.
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While the animal activists never prevailed against
Ringling in court, they were victorious outside. The allegations of elephant abuse prompted municipalities around the country to ban elephant bullhooks – a sharp metal tool used by handlers – or to prohibit wild animal performances altogether, as Los
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had teamed up with James E. Cooper to create the Cooper and Bailey Circus in the 1860s. The Cooper and Bailey Circus became the chief competitor to Barnum's circus. As Bailey's circus was outperforming his, Barnum sought to merge the circuses. The two groups agreed to combine their shows on March 28,
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In 2015, Ringling Bros. announced it would stop using elephants in its shows. The lumbering mammals delivered their final performances last May – dancing, spinning and standing on pedestals at the command of the ringmaster – and then were retired to a reserve in central
Florida. The move exacerbated
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in 2007, accusing the groups of conspiracy to harm its business and other illegal acts. In
December 2012, the ASPCA agreed to pay the circus $ 9.2 million to settle its part of the lawsuit. The 14-year course of litigation came to an end in May 2014 when The Humane Society of the United States and a
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in its circus. These allegations were based primarily on the testimony of a circus barn worker. After years of litigation and a six-week non-jury trial, the Court dismissed the suit in a written decision in 2009, finding that the barn worker did not have standing to file suit. (ASPCA v. Feld Entm’t,
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In the 1950s, there was one gigantic train system comprising three separate train loads that brought the main show to the big cities. The first train load consisted of 22 cars and had the tents and the workers to set them up. The second section comprised 28 cars and carried the canvasmen, ushers and
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Each train presented a different "edition" of the show, using a numbering scheme that dates back to circus origins in 1871 – the first year of P.T. Barnum's show. The Blue Tour presented the even-numbered editions on a two-year tour, beginning each even-numbered year, and the Red Tour
676:, for the core of his revamped circus. Soon, he split the show into two touring units, Red and Blue, which could tour the country independently. The separate tours could also offer differing slates of acts and themes, enabling circus goers to view both tours where possible.. Also in 1968, Feld hired
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magazine. Feld, he said, had hired people to manipulate her whole life over the past eight years. Feld had spent a lot of money on it, he said. He may have even tried to destroy her marriage. In fact, Pottker would eventually learn of a massive dirty tricks operation, involving former CIA officials
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An inspection report alleged that a female Asian elephant, Banko, was forced to perform at a show in Los
Angeles despite a diagnosis of sand colic and observations that she appeared to be suffering abdominal discomfort. The inspection reports also cited splintered floors and rusted cages. Following
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Eight months after it retired the elephants, it was announced in
January 2017, that the circus would do 30 more performances, lay off more than 462 employees between March and May 2017 and then close. The circus cited steeply declining ticket sales associated with the loss of the elephants combined
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were the only remaining brothers of the five who founded the circus. They decided that it was too difficult to run the two circuses independently because of labour shortages and complications to rail travel brought about by
American involvement in World War I, and on March 29, 1919, "Ringling Bros.
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In 1929, reacting to the fact that his competitor, the
American Circus Corporation, had signed a contract to perform in New York's Madison Square Garden, Ringling purchased American Circus for $ 1.7 million. In one fell swoop, Ringling had absorbed five major shows: Sells-Floto, Al G. Barnes,
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Mattel Inc. said that it had sold Ringling Brothers-Barnum & Bailey Combined Shows Inc. for $ 22.8 million to a family that had owned the circus and has been in its management for 26 years. Two members of the family, Irvin Feld and his son, Kenneth, said that the deal included the circus, Ice
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John Ringling North, 81, flamboyant, fast-talking showman who from 1937 to 1943 and from 1947 to 1967 ran "The Greatest Show on Earth," the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus, started by his five uncles in 1884; of a stroke; in Brussels. North took over the debt-spangled show after the
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death of his last uncle, John Ringling, and modernized it with such attractions as Gargantua the Great, the "vehemently vicious" 550-lb. gorilla that drew more than 40 million circusgoers. In 1956, North folded the big top and reincarnated the show for new arenas of the air-conditioned era.
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on whose Board of Trustees Barnum served as one of Tufts' first trustees. The Barnum Museum of Natural History opened in 1884 on the Tufts campus and Jumbo was a prominent part of the display. To this day the Tufts athletic mascot is Jumbo and its athletic teams are referred to as the "Jumbos".
2587:"Ringling Bros. ticket sales have been declining, but following the transition of the elephants off the road, we saw an even more dramatic drop," Kenneth Feld said in a statement Saturday. "This, coupled with high operating costs, made the circus an unsustainable business for the company."
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By May 1980, the company expanded to three circuses by adding the one-ring International Circus Festival of Monte Carlo that debuted in Japan and Australia. The Felds bought the circus back in 1982 less Circus World. Irvin Feld died in 1984 and the company has since been run by Kenneth.
451:, which allowed them to have the largest traveling amusement enterprise of that time. Bailey's European tour gave the Ringling brothers an opportunity to move their show from the Midwest to the eastern seaboard. Faced with the new competition, Bailey took his show west of the
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1881. Initially named "P.T. Barnum's Greatest Show On Earth, And The Great London Circus, Sanger's Royal British Menagerie and The Grand International Allied Shows United", it was eventually shortened to "Barnum and Bailey's Circus". Bailey was instrumental in acquiring
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In October 2021, Feld Entertainment Chairman and CEO Kenneth Feld and COO Juliette Feld Grossman announced that the circus would be relaunched in 2023, without animal performances. On September 29, 2023, after a six-year hiatus, the relaunched circus kicked off at
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magazine wrote "a magical era had passed forever." ... John Ringling North, an executor of his uncle's estate, became president of the show in 1937, a position he held until 1943 when his cousin, Robert, became president. John took the position once again in
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Irvin Feld, 66, the son of East European immigrants who grew up to be a major American impresario and an heir in spirit to the legendary P.T. Barnum as the owner and operator of the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus, died yesterday in a Venice, Fla.,
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The post-war prosperity enjoyed by the rest of the nation was not shared by the circus as crowds dwindled and costs increased. Public tastes, influenced by the movies and television, abandoned the circus, which gave its last performance under the big top in
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Angeles recently moved to do. After Ringling retired its last pachyderms to a company-owned elephant conservation center in Florida, ticket sales declined much more than Feld expected, and the company announced in January that Ringling would close for good.
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magazine reported that "a magical era had passed forever". In 1956, when John Ringling North and Arthur Concello moved the circus from a tent show to an indoor operation, Irvin Feld was one of several promoters hired to work the advance for select dates.
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ended in 2014 with the circus winning a total of $ 25.2 million in settlements. In March 2015, the circus announced that all elephants would be retired in 2018 to the CEC, but Ringling accelerated the decision and retired the elephants in May 2016.
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named Suzy who had previously starred in the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus, escaped from a convoy of trucks transporting her from Florida to Memphis International Airport and was fatally shot by police after attacking a nearby dog.
227:. It and its predecessor have run shows from 1871, with a hiatus from 2017 to 2023. They operate as Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey. The circus started in 1919 when the Barnum & Bailey's Greatest Show on Earth, a circus created by
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396:. The combined show was named "P.T. Barnum's Great Traveling Museum, Menagerie, Caravan, and Hippodrome". As described by Barnum, Castello and Coup "had a show that was truly immense, and combined all the elements of museum,
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2085:"Feuer and Martin Suing Felds Over Circus Sale. 2 Producers Seek to Cancel $ 10-Million Deal for the Ringling Brothers Show. Felds Have No Comment. Format to Remain. Prediction of a Record Year Circus Started in 1871"
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In May 2022, Feld Entertainment announced that the circus would resume operations in the fall of 2023 with a tour of 50 cities. The circus said the new show would debut as a "multi-platform entertainment franchise".
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From 2003 to 2015, the circus also operated a truck-based Gold Tour presenting a scaled-back, single-ring version of the show designed to serve smaller markets deemed incapable of supporting the three-ring versions.
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1665:"James A. Bailey, King Of Circus Men, is Dead. News Kept From Performers Till The Show Was Over. Widow Gets Circus Stock. Showman Died Of Erysipelas At His Country Home Near Mount Vernon After A Week's Illness"
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these inspections and complaints filed with the USDA by PETA, the company agreed to pay a $ 270,000 fine, the largest civil penalty ever assessed against an animal exhibitor under the Animal Welfare Act.
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Meanwhile, the circus learned during the trial that the animal rights groups had paid the barn worker $ 190,000 to be a plaintiff in the lawsuit. The circus then sued the animal rights groups under the
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John Ringling, head of the Ringling Brothers-Barnum Bailey Combined Circus, has purchased the five circuses, with Winter quarters, of the American Circus Corporation, it was learned yesterday.
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has testified in court that he worked as a consultant in the early 1990s for Kenneth Feld and the Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey Circus. He was involved in the surveillance of
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and Ernest Martin, Broadway producers, brought suit in New York State Supreme Court yesterday to cancel the sale of the Ringling Brothers and Barnum Bailey Circus to Irvin and
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772:, who took over the rail line serving the Venice facility in 1987, could no longer support the show's train cars, which led the combined circus to move its winter base to the
1425:. A few days later an elephant was exhibited around Beaver Street and Broadway, according to an advertisement in The Argus, April 23, 1796. This area was the location of the
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948:"RBBX". The Blue and Red Tours presented a full three-ring production for two years each, taking off the month of December, visiting alternating major cities each year.
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recreational subsidiary, bought the combined shows in January 1974, and the opening was further pushed back to 1975. While the Circus Showcase for Circus World opened on
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1042:(People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) included videotapes of the head elephant trainer and the animal superintendent backstage repeatedly hitting elephants with
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at the time, the brothers moved their circus from town to town in small animal-drawn caravans. Their circus rapidly grew and they were soon able to move their circus by
400:, variety performance, concert hall, and circus", and considered it to potentially be "the Greatest Show on Earth", which subsequently became part of the circus's name.
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with high operating costs as reasons for the closure, along with animal cruelty concerns. On May 7, 2017, its "Circus Extreme" tour was shown for the last time at the
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conducted inspections of the circus's animals, facilities, and records, finding non-compliance with the agency's regulations. The allegations, as brought forth by
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1111:, which traced the traveling show through the setup and breakdown of performances during the 1951 season, the show's 81st edition since 1871. The film starred
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Over lunch, Smith recounted a campaign of surveillance and dirty tricks Feld had unleashed on her in the wake of her 1990 magazine piece in the now-defunct
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Nicole Feld became the first female producer of Ringling Circus in 2004. In 2009, Nicole and Alana Feld co-produced the circus. In 2001, a group led by
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3008:"Memorandum Opinion: Civ. Action No. 01-1532 (EGS); Feld Entertainment, Inc., Plaintiff, v. American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals,
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It is not an established fact that Old Bet was the first elephant to arrive in America, and quite possibly she was second. An April 1796 publication,
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and the first ever African-American circus troupe, to perform unicycle basketball for 18 years with the circus. Performing unicyclists also included
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When the Ringling Brothers bought the Barnum Bailey show they ... got a monopoly on the circus business in America. They now own outright three ...
513:, a well-known adventurer and animal collector, to tour as their star attraction and to enter the show astride an elephant. He refused to join the
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In May 2022, after a five-year hiatus, Feld Entertainment announced that the circus would return touring in the fall of 2023, but with no animals.
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439:. This was about the same time that Barnum & Bailey were at the peak of their popularity. Similar to dozens of small circuses that toured the
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episode titled "The Greatest Show On Earth", later known as "The Weather Show" due to the circus' slogan being used as a title for that episode.
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groups have criticized the circus for their treatment of animals over the years, saying that using them to perform is cruel and unnecessary.
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purchased Barnum & Bailey Ltd. in 1907 following Bailey's death in 1906, but ran the circuses separately until they were merged in 1919.
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signed a contract to perform in New York City. John Ringling purchased American Circus, the owner of five circuses, for $ 1.7 million.
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The Ringlings purchased the Barnum & Bailey Greatest Show on Earth in 1907 and ran the circuses separately until 1919. By that time,
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just before the animals would enter the arena for performances. A tiger trainer was videotaped beating tigers during dress rehearsals.
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persuaded Barnum to come out of retirement to lend his name, know-how, and financial backing to the circus they had already created in
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In early 2022, the circus began auditioning artists for a retooled circus. More than 1,000 acts applied, and auditions were held in
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551:. Many of the most famous images from the circus that were published in magazine and posters were captured by American Photographer
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262:, buying it back from the toy company in 1981. Since the death of Irvin Feld in 1984, the circus has continued to be a part of
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809:, a one ring, intimate, upscale circus performed under the tent. Designed to compete with similar upscale circuses such as
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North's cousin Robert took over as president of the show in 1943 with North resuming the presidency of the circus in 1947.
2956:"The Greatest RICO Claim On Earth? Ringling Brothers Allowed To Pursue Animal Rights Organizations in Racketeering Action"
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Seven tigers, six lions and one leopard were part of a convoy to temporarily move the animals out of Florida ahead of
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780:. In 1993, the clown college was moved from the Venice Arena to Baraboo, Wisconsin. In 1995, the company founded the
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In 1968, with the craft of clowning seemingly neglected and with many of the clowns in their 50s, he established the
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3472:"Feld Entertainment announces the long-awaited return of the American icon, Ringling Bros. And Barnum & Bailey"
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543:, managed the indebted circus twice, the first from 1937 to 1943. Special dispensation was given to the circus by
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in Providence, Rhode Island. The circus's last performance before the hiatus was its "Out of This World" tour at
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in its shows by 2018, stating that the 13 elephants that were part of its shows would be sent to the circus's
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filed charges against Ringling Bros. for forcing a sick elephant to perform. Ringling paid a $ 20,000 fine.
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the show's demise; the elephants' departure ultimately expedited what was a "difficult business decision."
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672:. Circus Williams, a circus in Europe was purchased for $ 2 million just to have its star animal trainer,
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Karin Brulliard, "Some of America’s top zoos still use bullhooks on elephants. That’s about to change,"
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1287:"'We knew we were coming back': Ringling-Barnum circus had to close to evolve for generations to come"
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Barnum died in 1891 and Bailey then purchased the circus from his widow. Bailey continued touring the
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until 1998 before the program was suspended. In February 1999, the circus company started previewing
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for the first time in 1905. He died the next year, and the circus was sold to the Ringling Brothers.
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Besides building up the existing exhibits, Barnum brought in animals to add zoo-like elements, and a
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appears to have established one of the earliest circuses in the United States after he purchased an
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number of other animal rights groups paid a $ 16 million settlement to the circus' parent company,
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until he took his circus to Europe. That tour started on December 27, 1897, and lasted until 1902.
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3134:"Ringling circus agrees to $ 270K USDA fine involving alleged violations of animal welfare rules"
3078:"Ringling circus agrees to $ 270K USDA fine involving alleged violations of animal welfare rules"
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presented the odd-numbered editions on the same two-year tour, beginning each odd-numbered year.
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Railroad Accident Report: Derailment of Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus Blue Train
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2875:"USDA Investigates Death of Circus Lion Activists Dispute Account Given by Ringling Brothers"
2473:"Ringling Goes Upscale Under the Little Top; After 42 Years, a Tent Again, but Just One Ring"
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3051:"Ringling Circus prevails in 14-year legal case; collects $ 16M from Humane Society, others"
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2730:"Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey to stage first live show in 6 years in Bossier City"
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to use the rails to operate in 1942, in spite of travel restrictions imposed as a result of
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In 2004, Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey were investigated following the death of a
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3487:"Ringling Bros. Sets 'The Greatest Show on Earth' return, new version launch in fall 2023"
2982:"Animal Welfare Inst. v. Feld Entm't, Inc., 944 F. Supp. 2d 1 | Casetext Search + Citator"
2567:"Animal activists finally have something to applaud at Ringling Bros. circus: Its closure"
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On January 13, 1994, eighteen cars of the circus train derailed while traveling between
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Old Bet was the first circus elephant in America whose existence is documented by name.
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From Barnum & Bailey to Feld: The Creative Evolution of the Greatest Show on Earth
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who died from heat and lack of water while the circus train was traveling through the
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3337:"The strange and deadly saga of 15 Ringling Bros. circus cats' final week in America"
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Jones, Charisse (March 6, 2015). "Circus' pachyderms to pack it in". State-by-state.
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1127:. After its 1952 release, the film was awarded two Academy Awards, including one for
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539:, but managed to stay in business. After John Nicholas Ringling's death, his nephew,
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250:" tents, instead using permanent venues such as sports stadiums and arenas. In 1967,
3391:"Bill Condon to Rewrite Fox's P.T. Barnum Musical Starring Hugh Jackman (Exclusive)"
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company in 1971 for $ 40 million, with the Feld family retained as management.
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2705:"Feld Entertainment is Bringing Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus Back"
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3191:"Events Locale: Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus No More Elephants"
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1509:"Transatlantic Journeys: John Bill Ricketts and the Edinburgh Equestrian Circus"
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3665:
2670:
2621:"Thunderous applause, tears as the 'greatest show on Earth' takes a final bow"
634:
612:
363:
307:
251:
2802:(Report). National Transportation Safety Board. February 14, 1995. DCA94MR003
1719:"Augustus Ringling Dead. Head of Tented Shows In America Dies in New Orleans"
956:
sideshow workers. The third section had 19 sleeping cars for the performers.
4065:
3812:
3496:
3366:"Michael Gracey to Direct Hugh Jackman in Fox's 'Greatest Showman on Earth'"
3245:
3221:
2430:
1197:
685:
661:
397:
3418:"Michelle Williams in Talks for Hugh Jackman's 'Greatest Showman on Earth'"
911:
2925:
2823:"From the archives: A look back at the Florida circus train crash of 1994"
925:
475:
A poster from 1898, advertising a "troupe of very remarkable trained pigs"
3012:., Defendants, United States District Court for the District of Columbia"
2538:
2360:"American Impresario Irvin Feld Dies; Was Owner of Ringling Bros. Circus"
2102:
1337:"Ringling Bros. Says Circus Closing 'Not a Win' for Animal Rights Groups"
1205:
1201:
1054:
1043:
898:
726:
681:
1143:
Productions, the program ran on Tuesday evenings for thirty episodes on
699:
joined the company and became a co-producer. The circus was sold to the
2681:
2650:
1261:"Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus | History & Closing"
820:
sued the circus over alleged mistreatment of elephants. The suit and a
3554:
2534:"Ringling Bros. to Retire All Circus Elephants in May – 2 Years Early"
2214:"Feld Entertainment head prepares to pass his empire to his daughters"
3709:
3563:
2168:
Irvin Feld Has Made a Fading Circus the Greatest Show on Earth Again"
1815:"Man Who Started as a Clown Now Controls the Entire Big Top Industry"
1140:
700:
259:
220:
46:
Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus's logo as of the 2020s.
2594:"Ringling Bros. to lay off 462 employees – Orlando Business Journal"
2256:. Vol. 67, no. 64. New York Times Company. pp. 1A, 7A
1184:
began in November 2016. The film was released on December 20, 2017.
3299:"Final elephant performances: Ringling Bros. shows in Wilkes-Barre"
246:
After 1957, the circus no longer exhibited under its own portable "
3887:
1193:
1083:
1075:
924:
910:
752:
655:
571:
523:
470:
462:
409:
379:
368:
347:
first brought the circus to the United States from Great Britain.
320:
301:
3006:
Sullivan, Emmet G., United States District Judge (July 9, 2012).
1982:
619:, had already made a name for themselves marketing and promoting
3512:"Iconic circus heading back to Bay Area for first time in years"
2821:
Rosen, Marty; Testerman, Jeff; Adair, Bill (November 19, 2014).
1421:, mentions an elephant journeying to our shores aboard the ship
1053:
In March 2015, Feld Entertainment announced it would stop using
1039:
991:
797:
After three years in Baraboo, the clown college operated at the
3761:
3757:
3567:
3164:"USDA and Feld Entertainment, Inc., Reach Settlement Agreement"
3108:"USDA and Feld Entertainment, Inc., Reach Settlement Agreement"
1365:"Ringling Circus is Returning. Lions, Tigers and Dumbo Are Not"
695:
The company was taken public in 1969. In 1970, Feld's only son
2508:"APNewsBreak: Ringling Bros. circus to close after 146 years"
412:, advertised as the world's largest elephant, for the show.
3314:"Last dance: Final performance for Ringling Bros. elephants"
415:
After Jumbo died, Barnum donated his taxidermied remains to
343:, whom he named "Old Bet", around 1806, just 13 years after
3547:
2455:
and operatives, that would target Ringling enemies such as
1575:"A History of Ringling Bros. Circus, Soon to Close Forever"
1160:
was in development. Michael Gracey was set to direct, with
182:
2671:"Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Final Performance"
2126:"Richard Blum: The man behind URS, next to Sen. Feinstein"
1154:
announced that a biographical musical drama film entitled
2853:"Ringling Bros. circus won't visit Tallahassee next year"
1007:
American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
467:
An advertisement for the Barnum & Bailey Circus, 1900
1139:
in the role of Charlton Heston's character. Produced by
266:, an international entertainment firm headed by his son
2128:. San Francisco Chronicle. May 11, 2003. Archived from
1659:
1657:
1655:
495:
John Ringling had the circus move its headquarters to
3140:. Associated Press. November 28, 2011. Archived from
3084:. Associated Press. November 28, 2011. Archived from
3736:
Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Clown College
3555:
Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus (1948)
2340:. Vol. 67, no. 126. New York Times Company
2313:. Vol. 67, no. 126. New York Times Company
1789:"Feld Entertainment moving headquarters to Ellenton"
670:
Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Clown College
626:
shows. In 1959, Ringling Bros. started wintering in
4016:
3976:
3795:
3718:
3692:
3655:
3634:
3601:
2286:. Vol. 67, no. 99. New York Times Company
177:
166:
158:
150:
140:
130:
125:
109:
91:
64:
56:
51:
34:
3474:(Press release). Feld Entertainment. May 16, 2022.
1448:"Beasts and Ballyhoo, The Menagerie Men of Somers"
1363:
1024:Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act
583:, who was the circus's featured attraction in 1938
2774:. Popular Mechanics. May 1952. pp. 81–87/220
2248:Brown, Lonnie; Fiero, Peter (December 19, 1973).
867:Barnum & Bailey Greatest Show on Earth poster
254:and his brother Israel, along with Houston judge
1312:"Irvin Feld & Kenneth Feld Productions, Inc"
1254:
1252:
1068:on September 5, 2017. One of them, a 6-year-old
535:The circus suffered during the 1930s due to the
285:, the circus performed its final animal show at
4044:Bridgeport, Connecticut, Centennial half dollar
1763:"Ringling Bros. returning to Southwest Florida"
1629:
1627:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1563:
4134:Entertainment companies disestablished in 2017
1851:. Texas Tech University press. pp. x–xi.
1088:The Torres family performing in "Over the Top"
509:In 1938, the circus made a lucrative offer to
355:from New York City since 1841 from the former
4099:Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus
3803:Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus
3773:
3609:Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus
3579:
3261:"Ringling Brothers Eliminating Elephant Acts"
1080:Daniel Raffo and his tigers in "Over the Top"
521:the gorilla without registering as an actor.
459:Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus
277:In May 2017, with weakening attendance, many
197:Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus
35:Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus
8:
3034:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2678:Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Baily Circus
2647:"Ringling Bros. circus to close at Coliseum"
1848:Bring 'Em Back Alive: The Best of Frank Buck
918:locomotives pulling the circus train out of
4129:Entertainment companies established in 1871
3359:
3357:
2457:People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals
2193:Jeff Bezos: The World-Changing Entrepreneur
1458:: Somers Historical Society. Archived from
1441:
1439:
18:Ringling Brothers, Barnum and Bailey Circus
3780:
3766:
3758:
3586:
3572:
3564:
3217:"Ringling Bros. eliminating elephant acts"
2559:
2557:
2400:"Ringling Bros. eliminating elephant acts"
1385:
1383:
1018:Inc., 677 F. Supp. 2d 55 (D.D.C. 2009)).
40:
31:
2949:
2947:
2926:"Circus elephants in the legal spotlight"
2280:"Gulf Oil Subsidiary To Buy Circus World"
1983:"The Hartford Circus Fire ~ July 6, 1944"
3364:Weinstein, Joshua L. (August 17, 2011).
3297:Lauer-Williams, Kathy (April 25, 2016).
1870:
1868:
1391:"Setting The Record Straight On Old Bet"
1259:Wallenfeldt, Jeff (September 18, 2023).
837:in Uniondale, New York on May 21, 2017.
660:Circus Williams's elephants arriving in
384:A Ringling Bros Circus lion poster, 1935
4124:Recurring events disestablished in 2017
3189:Love, Live Travel (February 25, 2016).
2791:
2789:
2195:. United Kingdom: Arcturus Publishing.
1248:
1036:United States Department of Agriculture
1000:United States Department of Agriculture
855:
818:The Humane Society of the United States
427:Separately, in 1884, five of the seven
4109:American companies established in 1871
3027:
3024:– via Jonathan Turley's webpage.
2833:from the original on November 22, 2014
2273:
2271:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2005:
1909:
1907:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1376:from the original on October 16, 2022.
1229:, a Barnum and Bailey business partner
944:belonging to the circus displayed the
3170:from the original on January 18, 2017
3114:from the original on January 18, 2017
2501:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2393:
2391:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2052:
2050:
2048:
1787:Pollick, Michael (January 30, 2012).
1697:. Thai Elephant Conservation Center,
645:of Texas, together with backing from
237:Ringling Bros. World's Greatest Shows
7:
4119:Recurring events established in 1871
3614:Ice Follies And Holiday on Ice, Inc.
1285:Warnecke, Lauren (August 25, 2023).
403:Independently of Castello and Coup,
2471:Collins, Glenn (February 9, 1999).
2459:and other groups, not just Pottker.
2368:. September 7, 1984. Archived from
1761:Handelman, Jay (January 31, 2012).
1543:"Ricketts Circus Historical Marker"
1180:portraying Barnum's wife, Charity.
4077:There's a sucker born every minute
3510:Metcalfe, John (August 26, 2024).
3416:McNary, Dave (September 6, 2016).
3312:Smith, Michelle R. (May 2, 2016).
2906:. Associated Press. April 22, 1998
2703:Zoltak, James (October 21, 2021).
2645:Morales, Mark (January 14, 2017).
2332:Fiero, Peter (February 21, 1974).
2305:Fiero, Peter (February 21, 1974).
1362:Nir, Sarah Maslin (May 18, 2022).
25:
3559:Texas Archive of the Moving Image
3215:Jones, Charisse (March 5, 2015).
2954:Jonathan Turley (July 17, 2012).
2932:from the original on May 27, 2009
2619:Brulliard, Karin (May 21, 2017).
2506:Lush, Tamara (January 14, 2017).
2434:. August 30, 2001. Archived from
2398:Jones, Charisse (March 5, 2015).
2278:Fiero, Peter (January 23, 1974).
2083:Calta, Louis (December 5, 1967).
1135:, was inspired by the film, with
835:Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum
764:at a Ringling performance in 1980
310:with its tamer in Ringling Bros (
287:Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum
3705:Center for Elephant Conservation
2565:Wang, Amy B (January 15, 2017).
2426:"The Greatest Vendetta on Earth"
2059:"Think your office is a circus?"
2057:Tupponce, Joan (July 29, 2009).
2017:"Feld Family Buys Ringling Bros"
1999:(New York: Bramhall House), 1959
1955:"The Great Hartford Circus Fire"
1953:Rimetz, Brendan (January 2005).
1059:Center for Elephant Conservation
890:
874:
858:
782:Center for Elephant Conservation
736:In the 1980s, Ringling sued the
725:Venture Out in America, Inc., a
604:on July 16, 1956. An article in
3485:Handelman, Jay (May 18, 2022).
2873:Marc Kaufman (August 8, 2004).
2212:Heath, Thomas (June 15, 2012).
2162:Langdon, Dolly (May 12, 1980).
1884:. June 17, 1985. Archived from
1446:Ariano, Terry (July 15, 2004).
1403:(3). April 1974. Archived from
3049:Heath, Thomas (May 16, 2014).
2900:"Death of Elephant Questioned"
1176:, and produced the film, with
971:in one of the train’s wheels.
1:
2250:"Mattel Selling Circus World"
1701:. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
1513:Popular Entertainment Studies
929:Circus train rolling through
885:for Barnum & Bailey, 1903
760:with clowns Charlie Frye and
738:American Broadcasting Company
515:American Federation of Actors
311:
2744:"The town without a zipcode"
1233:Barnum and Bailey's Favorite
3878:Annie Jones (bearded woman)
3647:AMA Supercross Championship
2334:"Cicus World Sale Still On"
1705:September 12, 2011, at the
504:American Circus Corporation
270:, with its headquarters in
219:, is an American traveling
4160:
4144:Former Mattel subsidiaries
4007:The Greatest Show on Earth
3923:Millie and Christine McKoy
3838:Captain George Costentenus
1915:"Bailey and the Ringlings"
1396:American Heritage Magazine
1108:The Greatest Show on Earth
936:The circus maintained two
565:
445:Northeastern United States
388:In 1871, Dan Castello and
225:The Greatest Show on Earth
209:Barnum & Bailey Circus
4034:Barnum's Aquarial Gardens
3395:www.hollywoodreporter.com
1634:Albrecht, Ernest (2014).
979:Animal care and criticism
774:Florida State Fairgrounds
357:Scudder's American Museum
289:and closed indefinitely.
97: (153 years ago)
39:
4139:Re-established companies
4029:Barnum's American Museum
1638:. McFarland. p. 5.
848:Brookshire Grocery Arena
602:Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
441:Midwestern United States
353:Barnum's American Museum
27:Traveling circus company
3700:Disney Theatrical Group
3492:Sarasota Herald-Tribune
1845:Lehrer, Steven (2006).
1227:William Washington Cole
1034:From 2007 to 2011, the
920:St. Petersburg, Florida
852:Bossier City, Louisiana
678:The King Charles Troupe
553:Maxwell Frederic Coplan
531:, star attraction, 1938
481:Charles Edward Ringling
3833:Henry Alexander Cooper
3447:(2017) – Release Info"
1997:A Ticket To The Circus
1452:Town of Somers History
1131:. A television series
1089:
1081:
1011:Endangered Species Act
933:
931:Safety Harbor, Florida
922:
765:
674:Gunther Gebel-Williams
665:
584:
532:
485:John Nicholas Ringling
476:
468:
385:
377:
326:
318:
235:, was merged with the
4060:The Herald of Freedom
3848:John Diamond (dancer)
3626:Marvel Universe Live!
3166:. November 28, 2011.
3110:. November 28, 2011.
2771:Here Comes The Circus
2732:. September 18, 2023.
2191:Chris McNab, (2022).
1995:Fox, Charles Philip.
1222:Barnum's Kaleidoscape
1182:Principal photography
1087:
1079:
928:
914:
831:Dunkin' Donuts Center
807:Barnum's Kaleidoscape
770:Seminole Gulf Railway
756:
718:theme park in nearby
659:
589:Hartford, Connecticut
575:
527:
474:
466:
422:Eastern United States
383:
375:
324:
305:
201:Ringling Bros. Circus
4024:John "Grizzly" Adams
4000:The Greatest Showman
3977:Fictional portrayals
3893:William S. Hutchings
3858:Colonel Routh Goshen
3818:Chang and Eng Bunker
3445:The Greatest Showman
2750:on September 5, 2003
1888:on December 11, 2008
1823:. September 10, 1929
1580:The Associated Press
1507:Baston, Kim (2013).
1483:"John Bill Ricketts"
1419:Greenleaf's New York
1238:John Robinson Circus
1157:The Greatest Showman
1013:by its treatment of
799:Sarasota Opera House
587:On July 6, 1944, in
568:Hartford circus fire
562:Hartford circus fire
405:James Anthony Bailey
390:William Cameron Coup
332:Predecessor circuses
325:Circus clowns, 1906.
233:James Anthony Bailey
199:, also known as the
145:Jonathan Lee Iverson
83:James Anthony Bailey
3828:Circassian beauties
3741:Siegfried & Roy
3284:The Washington Post
3144:on February 3, 2017
3088:on February 3, 2017
3056:The Washington Post
2879:The Washington Post
2657:on January 28, 2017
2625:The Washington Post
2598:www.bizjournals.com
2572:The Washington Post
1519:(2). Archived from
577:John Ringling North
545:President Roosevelt
541:John Ringling North
281:protests, and high
213:Barnum & Bailey
4114:Feld Entertainment
3963:Wild Men of Borneo
3918:Maximo and Bartola
3808:Anna Haining Bates
3747:Sesame Street Live
3595:Feld Entertainment
3524:on August 26, 2024
3397:. October 24, 2013
3341:chicagotribune.com
3335:Brulliard, Karin.
3316:. Associated Press
2542:. January 11, 2016
2478:The New York Times
2022:The New York Times
1919:Feld Entertainment
1820:The New York Times
1673:The New York Times
1610:The New York Times
1547:Explore PA History
1481:Jando, Dominique.
1427:Bull's Head Tavern
1370:The New York Times
1343:. January 16, 2017
1099:Paramount Pictures
1090:
1082:
1029:Feld Entertainment
934:
923:
766:
666:
585:
533:
477:
469:
437:Baraboo, Wisconsin
394:Delavan, Wisconsin
386:
378:
345:John Bill Ricketts
327:
319:
264:Feld Entertainment
223:company billed as
135:Feld Entertainment
4104:American circuses
4086:
4085:
3993:The Mighty Barnum
3943:General Tom Thumb
3908:Count Primo Magri
3796:Acts and exhibits
3755:
3754:
3635:Feld Motor Sports
3271:on March 6, 2015.
2166:Lord of the Rings
2063:Virginia Business
1858:978-0-89672-582-9
1730:. August 19, 1907
1645:978-0-7864-9524-5
1603:"Disastrous Fire"
1407:on March 15, 2008
1178:Michelle Williams
1133:of the same title
883:Stock certificate
743:Schoolhouse Rock!
731:February 21, 1974
708:Walt Disney World
649:, the founder of
643:Roy Mark Hofheinz
615:and his brother,
549:World War II
497:Sarasota, Florida
429:Ringling brothers
373:
272:Ellenton, Florida
241:Ringling brothers
193:
192:
171:Ellenton, Florida
73:Ringling brothers
16:(Redirected from
4151:
3948:Charles B. Tripp
3938:Isaac W. Sprague
3883:Hannah Battersby
3782:
3775:
3768:
3759:
3588:
3581:
3574:
3565:
3551:
3550:
3548:Official website
3534:
3533:
3531:
3529:
3520:. Archived from
3517:The Mercury News
3507:
3501:
3500:
3482:
3476:
3475:
3468:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3457:
3439:
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3349:
3347:
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3326:
3325:
3323:
3321:
3309:
3303:
3302:
3294:
3288:
3287:August 21, 2019.
3279:
3273:
3272:
3267:. Archived from
3265:Associated Press
3257:
3251:
3250:
3240:
3234:
3233:
3231:
3229:
3212:
3206:
3205:
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3025:
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3021:
3016:
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2994:
2992:
2978:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2962:
2951:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2937:
2928:. May 20, 2009.
2922:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2911:
2896:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2859:
2849:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2838:
2818:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2801:
2793:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2766:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2746:. Archived from
2740:
2734:
2733:
2726:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2715:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2675:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2653:. Archived from
2641:
2633:
2631:
2615:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2589:
2581:
2579:
2561:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2530:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2519:
2503:
2490:
2489:
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2485:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2445:
2443:
2422:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2395:
2386:
2385:
2379:
2377:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2329:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2275:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2245:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2224:on June 30, 2013
2220:. Archived from
2209:
2203:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2178:
2159:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2122:
2116:
2115:
2099:
2097:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2054:
2043:
2042:
2036:
2034:
2029:. March 19, 1982
2027:Associated Press
2013:
2000:
1993:
1987:
1986:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1959:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1932:
1930:
1925:on June 11, 2008
1921:. Archived from
1911:
1902:
1901:
1895:
1893:
1872:
1863:
1862:
1842:
1836:
1835:
1830:
1828:
1811:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1784:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1758:
1743:
1742:
1737:
1735:
1723:
1715:
1709:
1699:Lampang Province
1692:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1676:. April 12, 1906
1669:
1661:
1650:
1649:
1631:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1607:
1599:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1571:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1523:on March 6, 2019
1504:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1478:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1462:on July 25, 2011
1456:Somers, New York
1443:
1434:
1433:
1414:
1412:
1387:
1378:
1377:
1367:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1316:Encyclopedia.com
1308:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1282:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1256:
1152:20th Century Fox
1150:In August 2011,
1103:Cecil B. DeMille
897:A Ringling bros
894:
878:
862:
811:Cirque du Soleil
732:
537:Great Depression
490:Roaring Twenties
417:Tufts University
374:
341:African elephant
337:Hachaliah Bailey
316:
313:
189:
186:
184:
120:
118:
105:
103:
98:
44:
32:
21:
4159:
4158:
4154:
4153:
4152:
4150:
4149:
4148:
4089:
4088:
4087:
4082:
4049:William C. Coup
4012:
3972:
3968:Zip the Pinhead
3873:Fedor Jeftichew
3791:
3786:
3756:
3751:
3714:
3688:
3676:Roy M. Hofheinz
3651:
3630:
3597:
3592:
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2834:
2827:Tampa Bay Times
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2517:
2515:
2505:
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2470:
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2465:
2441:
2439:
2438:on May 14, 2008
2424:
2423:
2419:
2409:
2407:
2397:
2396:
2389:
2375:
2373:
2372:on May 25, 2011
2365:Washington Post
2358:
2357:
2353:
2343:
2341:
2338:Lakeland Ledger
2331:
2330:
2326:
2316:
2314:
2311:Lakeland Ledger
2307:"Hurry, Hurry!"
2304:
2303:
2299:
2289:
2287:
2284:Lakeland Ledger
2277:
2276:
2269:
2259:
2257:
2254:Lakeland Ledger
2247:
2246:
2237:
2227:
2225:
2218:Washington Post
2211:
2210:
2206:
2190:
2186:
2176:
2174:
2161:
2160:
2145:
2135:
2133:
2132:on May 18, 2003
2124:
2123:
2119:
2111:Roy M. Hofheinz
2095:
2093:
2082:
2081:
2077:
2067:
2065:
2056:
2055:
2046:
2032:
2030:
2015:
2014:
2003:
1994:
1990:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1966:
1964:
1957:
1952:
1951:
1947:
1928:
1926:
1913:
1912:
1905:
1891:
1889:
1874:
1873:
1866:
1859:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1826:
1824:
1813:
1812:
1808:
1798:
1796:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1771:
1769:
1760:
1759:
1746:
1733:
1731:
1721:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1707:Wayback Machine
1695:Famous Elephant
1693:
1689:
1679:
1677:
1667:
1663:
1662:
1653:
1646:
1633:
1632:
1625:
1615:
1613:
1612:. July 14, 1865
1605:
1601:
1600:
1596:
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1584:
1573:
1572:
1561:
1551:
1549:
1541:
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1279:
1269:
1267:
1258:
1257:
1250:
1246:
1218:
1190:
1113:Charlton Heston
1095:
1015:Asian elephants
998:. In 1998, the
981:
909:
902:
895:
886:
879:
870:
863:
843:
730:
647:Richard C. Blum
628:Venice, Florida
597:
570:
564:
461:
453:Rocky Mountains
369:
334:
329:
328:
314:
298:
283:operating costs
181:
167:Winter quarters
151:Traveling show?
116:
114:
101:
99:
96:
87:
47:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4157:
4155:
4147:
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4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
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4106:
4101:
4091:
4090:
4084:
4083:
4081:
4080:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4056:
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4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4020:
4018:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4010:
4003:
3996:
3989:
3980:
3978:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3953:Lavinia Warren
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3933:Commodore Nutt
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3843:Nala Damajanti
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3799:
3797:
3793:
3792:
3787:
3785:
3784:
3777:
3770:
3762:
3753:
3752:
3750:
3749:
3744:
3738:
3733:
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3722:
3720:
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3598:
3593:
3591:
3590:
3583:
3576:
3568:
3562:
3561:
3552:
3541:
3540:External links
3538:
3536:
3535:
3502:
3477:
3463:
3434:
3408:
3382:
3353:
3327:
3304:
3289:
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3252:
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3207:
3181:
3155:
3125:
3099:
3069:
3041:
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2968:
2943:
2917:
2891:
2865:
2844:
2813:
2785:
2761:
2735:
2721:
2695:
2684:. May 21, 2017
2610:
2553:
2525:
2491:
2463:
2417:
2387:
2351:
2324:
2297:
2267:
2235:
2204:
2184:
2143:
2117:
2090:New York Times
2075:
2044:
2001:
1988:
1974:
1945:
1903:
1864:
1857:
1837:
1806:
1793:Herald-Tribune
1779:
1767:Herald-Tribune
1744:
1727:New York Times
1710:
1687:
1651:
1644:
1623:
1594:
1583:. May 17, 2017
1559:
1534:
1499:
1473:
1435:
1379:
1354:
1328:
1303:
1277:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1224:
1217:
1214:
1189:
1186:
1147:in 1963–1964.
1094:
1091:
1070:Siberian tiger
1066:Hurricane Irma
980:
977:
961:St. Petersburg
946:reporting mark
908:
905:
904:
903:
896:
889:
887:
880:
873:
871:
864:
857:
842:
839:
792:Janice Pottker
633:In late 1967,
596:
593:
566:Main article:
563:
560:
460:
457:
431:had started a
333:
330:
300:
299:
297:
294:
205:Ringling Bros.
191:
190:
179:
175:
174:
168:
164:
163:
162:No (post-1957)
160:
156:
155:
152:
148:
147:
142:
138:
137:
132:
128:
127:
123:
122:
111:
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93:
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68:
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61:
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54:
53:
49:
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45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4156:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4096:
4094:
4078:
4074:
4072:
4071:Moses Kimball
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4061:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4039:Barnum Museum
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4021:
4019:
4015:
4009:
4008:
4004:
4002:
4001:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3988:
3986:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3975:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3958:Minnie Warren
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3928:Edmund Newell
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3898:Nellie Keeler
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3823:Cardiff Giant
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3790:
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3734:
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3727:
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3664:
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3660:
3658:
3654:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3633:
3627:
3624:
3620:
3619:Disney on Ice
3617:
3616:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3600:
3596:
3589:
3584:
3582:
3577:
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3569:
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3523:
3519:
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3513:
3506:
3503:
3498:
3494:
3493:
3488:
3481:
3478:
3473:
3467:
3464:
3452:
3448:
3446:
3438:
3435:
3427:September 28,
3423:
3419:
3412:
3409:
3401:September 28,
3396:
3392:
3386:
3383:
3371:
3367:
3360:
3358:
3354:
3342:
3338:
3331:
3328:
3315:
3308:
3305:
3300:
3293:
3290:
3286:
3285:
3278:
3275:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3256:
3253:
3249:. p. 4A.
3248:
3247:
3239:
3236:
3224:
3223:
3218:
3211:
3208:
3196:
3195:Events Locale
3192:
3185:
3182:
3169:
3165:
3159:
3156:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3129:
3126:
3113:
3109:
3103:
3100:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3073:
3070:
3058:
3057:
3052:
3045:
3042:
3037:
3031:
3013:
3011:
3002:
2999:
2987:
2983:
2977:
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2973:
2969:
2957:
2950:
2948:
2944:
2931:
2927:
2921:
2918:
2905:
2901:
2895:
2892:
2880:
2876:
2869:
2866:
2854:
2848:
2845:
2837:September 16,
2832:
2828:
2824:
2817:
2814:
2806:September 16,
2798:
2792:
2790:
2786:
2773:
2772:
2765:
2762:
2749:
2745:
2739:
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2731:
2725:
2722:
2710:
2706:
2699:
2696:
2683:
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2656:
2652:
2648:
2640:
2626:
2622:
2614:
2611:
2599:
2595:
2588:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2560:
2558:
2554:
2541:
2540:
2535:
2529:
2526:
2513:
2512:The Big Story
2509:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2480:
2479:
2474:
2467:
2464:
2460:
2458:
2453:
2452:
2437:
2433:
2432:
2427:
2421:
2418:
2405:
2401:
2394:
2392:
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2384:
2371:
2367:
2366:
2361:
2355:
2352:
2339:
2335:
2328:
2325:
2312:
2308:
2301:
2298:
2285:
2281:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2255:
2251:
2244:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2201:9781398821712
2198:
2194:
2188:
2185:
2173:
2169:
2167:
2158:
2156:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2131:
2127:
2121:
2118:
2114:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2092:
2091:
2086:
2079:
2076:
2064:
2060:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2028:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1992:
1989:
1984:
1978:
1975:
1963:
1956:
1949:
1946:
1942:
1939:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1887:
1883:
1882:
1877:
1871:
1869:
1865:
1860:
1854:
1850:
1849:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1822:
1821:
1816:
1810:
1807:
1794:
1790:
1783:
1780:
1768:
1764:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1749:
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1741:
1729:
1728:
1720:
1714:
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1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1691:
1688:
1675:
1674:
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1660:
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1656:
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1611:
1604:
1598:
1595:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1548:
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1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
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1500:
1488:
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1402:
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1397:
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1386:
1384:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1366:
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1355:
1342:
1338:
1332:
1329:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1304:
1292:
1288:
1281:
1278:
1266:
1262:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1243:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1121:James Stewart
1118:
1114:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1101:released the
1100:
1092:
1086:
1078:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1051:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1030:
1025:
1019:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1005:In 2000, the
1003:
1001:
997:
996:Mojave Desert
993:
988:
986:
985:animal rights
978:
976:
972:
970:
969:fatigue crack
966:
962:
957:
953:
949:
947:
943:
942:Rolling stock
939:
932:
927:
921:
917:
913:
907:Circus trains
906:
900:
893:
888:
884:
877:
872:
868:
861:
856:
854:
853:
849:
841:2023 relaunch
840:
838:
836:
832:
826:
823:
819:
814:
812:
808:
804:
800:
795:
793:
789:
785:
783:
779:
775:
771:
768:In 1990, the
763:
762:Skeeter Reece
759:
755:
751:
747:
745:
744:
740:for airing a
739:
734:
728:
723:
721:
717:
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