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suggest a solution for the 13.5 miles (21.7 km) of waterway from the Black Sluice to the sea. He proposed two solutions, the first of which involved straightening the channel between
Skirbeck Church and the outfall of Hobhole Drain, from where a new cut would be created to reach the sea. The second was for a new cut from Skirbeck Church running to the north of the existing channel. The corporation chose the first option, which would shorten the distance to the sea by 4.5 miles (7.2 km). Work began in 1830 on an 800-yard (730 m) section above the Hobhole outfall. This reduced the length of the channel by 1.5 miles (2.4 km) and took three years to complete. Some of the channel was straightened by placing bundles of sticks known as fascines at outside bends. These resulted in silt being deposited on those bends, and the channel becoming straighter. Fascine work was carried out in 1841 and 1860. Silting of the river outfall became worse, and three Ruston steam navvies were used to create a new cut from Hobhole outfall to the Wash between 1880 and 1884.
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trawlers, and later amalgamated with the Boston Steam
Fishing Company, another company which operated from The Haven. Fred Parkes, who had four boats of his own, joined the company in 1919. He wanted to replace older trawlers with new ones, but facing opposition, he waited until 1924, by which time he owned a controlling interest in the company. The new trawlers returned the company to profitability. In 1922, The Haven was blocked for three months when a coaster capsized. The company finally managed to salvage the sunken vessel, but Boston Corporation were unwilling to pay the recovery costs despite having agreed to do so. This together with a decline in the fishing industry led to the company moving its fleet to
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known as Custom House Quay. To improve moorings, brick and stone walls were built on both banks of the river in 1815, from
Assembly Rooms to Packhouse Quay on the east bank and at Doughty Quay on the west bank. Public warehouses were also built to serve both quays. However, by the 1880s ships resting on the mud at low tide was not particularly safe, and in parallel with the new channel to the Wash, a wet dock was built. All of the Victorian warehousing that was built has since been replaced by modern industrial units, as the port handles around one million tonnes of cargo each year.
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structure with two sets of gates. The A1137 road passes over the top of the sluice, supported by four segmental arches constructed of red brick, which now carry a modern concrete bridge deck on top of them. The sluice was built between 1764 and 1766 by John Grundy and
Langley Edwards, while the alterations to include the lock were made in 1883. The bridge carries an inscription: "Lock opened by Edmund Turner Esq. on 8th December 1883. John Evelyn Williams engineer, William Rigby, contractor." The concrete deck to the road bridge dates from the 20th century.
1116:, is some 30 per cent smaller, and had not been commissioned at the time the Boston Barrier project began. Work began on the project in 2018, and the sector gate, which was manufactured in Holland, was delivered in November 2019. The gate was operational by December 2020, and the completed scheme offers better flood protection to nearly 14,000 homes and businesses. The entrance to the wet dock was widened from 52 feet (16 m) to 59 feet (18 m), with the existing timber V-gates being replaced by a single pair of vertical sector gates.
954:, for which there were two churches recorded and two priests. One would have been St Nicholas's in Skirbeck itself, and the other was probably St Botolph's, by which name the early settlement at Boston became known. The settlement grew rapidly during the 11th, 12th and 13th centuries, as it lay between the city of Lincoln and the North Sea. Wool and corn were shipped down the River Witham, and Boston's location on an island of higher ground where the river joined a wide creek or haven made it an ideal site for a port.
1023:. It was originally designed to have a span of 72 feet (22 m), but this was increased to 86 feet (26 m) without increasing the rise of 5.5 feet (1.7 m). Some doubts were expressed about its stability, and some of the ironwork developed fractures which needed strapping, but the structure lasted until 1912. Rennie's stone bases were retained, but a new cast-iron bridge deck was installed by John Webster in 1913. Prior to 1806, the main crossing of the river was slightly further upstream.
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wet dock. The rising sector gate weighs 362 tonnes and is moved by two 55-tonne hydraulic rams. The scheme also included a control building for the barrier, higher flood defence walls along the river, including landscaping of the right bank, and the placing of matting on the bed of the river either side of the barrier, to prevent scouring undermining the structure. The construction of the barrier was innovative, as it is quite different to the
1016:. A 213-foot (65 m) bowstring arch bridge was craned into position on 22 February 2014, to replace a steel structure dating from the 1970s. Access ramps were installed on the following day, and the surrounding area was enhanced subsequently. Part of the rationale for the new bridge, which was designed and installed by the civil engineers Britcon, was that it would be accessible to those with mobility scooters, wheelchairs and pushchairs.
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980:, a 1,700-ton ship carrying cotton seed, which berthed in the dock on 20 December 1884. Development of the port had taken around 90 years, but resulted in a channel which scoured itself, needing little dredging. Land drainage in the area was also improved, as water levels on the downstream side of the Grand Sluice were reduced by around 4 feet (1.2 m).
1088:, the costs were huge for very little benefit, and they decided instead to decommission the station. If water level management within The Haven remained unchanged, they could discharge more water from the South Forty-Foot Drain through the gravity sluice and the adjacent navigation lock than they could with all five pumps running.
965:. A century later, the volume of wool exported exceeded that shipped from London. Other commodities included wheat, sea-salt, woollen cloth manufactured in Lincoln and Stamford, lead from Derbyshire and iron from Yorkshire. Imports included wine and finished cloth produced in the Low Countries from the wool that had been exported.
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Order. The
Transport and Works Act (1992) was introduced to simplify the process of obtaining permission for the construction or alteration of railways and inland navigations, and any work which interferes with rights of navigation. The completed barrier was recognised in the civil engineering world,
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Town Bridge prevented ships with masts from passing further upsteam, but river boats heading for
Lincoln used the churchyard of St Botolphs as a quay. Once construction of the Grand Sluice was completed in 1766, they used a wharf above the sluice. On The Haven, boats used Packhouse Quay, subsequently
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The final bridge on The Haven is a single track railway swing bridge, constructed in 1882 by
Handysides of Derby. It enabled the docks to be connected to the Great Northern Railway. The structure was partly assembled at Derby, and all the parts were delivered to the site in November 1882, where they
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The floods raised public awareness of the need to protect Boston from tidal flooding, and as many of the details of implementing a water level management scheme through the town were still to be resolved, the partnership responsible for the barrier resolved to create a flood defence structure which
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across The Haven. A public enquiry was held in
December 1956, at which the council proposed one route for the future inner relief road, and objectors proposed an alternative route. The bridge was eventually opened in 1966, but the inner relief road, by then renamed John Adams Way, was not completed
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In 2020, Boston still has a fishing fleet of around 26 boats, but rather than deep sea trawlers, they work locally landing their catches of cockles, mussels and shrimps. As a result of the Boston
Harbour Revision Order 1989, Boston Council ceased to be the harbour authority, and this role was taken
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Although the area to the north and west of Boston was a huge expanse of bog and marsh, the Haven was sufficiently shallow for it to have a ford. Two ancient trackways met there, one heading northwards to the Wolds, close to the route of the modern A16 road, while the other followed the coast, parts
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The main components of the scheme were a rising sector gate, 85 feet (26 m) wide by 36 feet (11 m) high, which can be raised to prevent tidal surges moving further upstream, and a vertical sector gate, 59 feet (18 m) wide by 38 feet (11.6 m) high, to control the entrance to the
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By around 1800, the lower reaches of The Haven had become of network of winding channels, increasingly plagued by deposits of sand and silt, which made the use of Boston as a port problematic. It also resulted in increased flooding within the town. Boston
Corporation therefore asked John Rennie to
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from the Haven, phase 1b of the project to create a navigable waterway between Boston and Spalding involved the construction of the Boston Barrier. As well as being part of wider flood defence works, this would allow boats to pass through Boston town centre to access the South Forty Foot Drain at
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The Haven starts at the Grand Sluice, which marks the end of the non-tidal River Witham. This consists of four channels, three of them containing sluice doors on the upstream and downstream faces, which regulate flow through the sluice, and a fourth wider one by the east bank containing a lock
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Improvements to The Haven convinced a group of businessmen to set up the Boston Deep Sea Fishing and Ice Company in 1885. Initially they worked two new-build steam trawlers and seven sailing smacks, but gradually phased out the smacks, as the trawlers were more profitable. By 1890, they had 24
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noted in 2023 that delivery of parts of the project were four year overdue, and that costs had escalated from £124 million to £184 million. This was partly due to work starting before the project had been fully scoped, in order to meet government deadlines for flood defence targets.
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over by the Port of Boston Limited. The port is operated by Victoria Group, with facilities for docking eight ships within the wet dock and six at riverside berths. Types of cargo handled include steel, paper and forest products together with containers, bulk, palletised and general goods.
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Historically, Boston has been affected by tidal flooding, caused by tidal surges passing up The Haven from the Wash. Flooding from this cause was particularly severe in 1953 and 1978. Following the creation of a new tidal lock in 2008 to allow boats to enter the
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would not preclude management of water levels at a later date. The floods had also damaged three of the five pumps at the Black Sluice pumping station, and although the Environment Agency considered transferring the station to the Black Sluice
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Following a public enquiry in 2017, a £100 million project to build the barrier and associated flood defence works on both sides of the river, including widening the access to the Port of Boston wet dock, was awarded by the
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most states of the tide. At the time, it was expected that the project would be completed by 2013, but work did not start, and serious flooding occurred again in 2013, when over 800 homes and 79 businesses were inundated.
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1054:. The Haven than passes through the tidal barrier and the entrance to the wet dock. The volume of water is swelled by the outfall from Maud Foster Drain and Hobhole Drain, both part of the
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of which have been reused by the A52 road. The Wolds trackway ran along a slightly raised causeway called the "stick", and had been used in prehistoric and Roman times.
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although there is no access by boat to either of these drains from The Haven. On the right bank, Wyberton Marsh pumping station operated by the Black Sluice
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1104:. The costs of the scheme were met by the government's Flood Defence Grant in Aid fund, after it was deemed to be a national priority project in 2014.
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In the 12th century Boston and its Haven became busy with trade as wool was brought into the town for export, particularly to
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were put together. The hydraulic control system is operated from an octagonal control cabin on the west bank of The Haven.
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1589:"Black Sluice Pumping Station, Boston – Project Update: Decommissioning". Environment Agency. September 2024.
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The "Fehn Cartagena" unloading a cargo of stone while moored on a mudbank in The Haven, opposite the Black Sluice
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failed to mention it. At the time, it was probably an un-named hamlet to the west of the larger settlement of
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A Biographical Dictionary of Civil Engineers in Great Britain and Ireland: Vol 1: 1500 to 1830
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The Grand Sluice where the River Witham empties into The Haven. The lock is on the far right.
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1042:, also known as the Black Sluice Navigation. This was commissioned in 2009, as part of the
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1806:"Boston Barrier delayed by four years and forecast to cost £60m more than first thought"
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1158:, to leave England. Ultimately, in 1620, they became part of the original settlement of
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Bell, Charlie; Pollard, Kaye; Macgill, Tom; Robinson, Adam (23 August 2021).
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in its design, and the only other similar structure, that at Ipswich on the
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The first ship to sail up the realigned channel and into the dock was the
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1793:"Boston Tidal Barrier - Water Level Management - Update and Discussion"
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pumps water from Wyberton Marsh into the Haven. Finally, it joins the
1690:"It is claimed that the Pilgrim Fathers set sail from Plymouth..."
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The next bridge downstream is St Botolph's Footbridge, close to
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Bell, Charlie; Gelder, Jim; Zalmay, Shafiq (11 November 2019).
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in Lancashire in 1923 and Boston delining as a fishing port.
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Because the work affected navigation, it was authorised by a
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Boston did not exist as a settlement prior to 1086, when the
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to the civil engineers BMMJV, a joint venture consisting of
1380:"Grand Sluice and bridge and lights, Witham Bank (1389076)"
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Town Bridge was the first cast-iron bridge to be built by
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1151:), was the scene of the first, abortive, attempt of the
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of eastern England, which are known collectively as the
1132:, and an Environment Agency Flood and Coast Award. The
1619:"Work starts on Boston's £100m flood barrier scheme"
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1038:Below the swing bridge is the entrance lock to the
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1847:"Boston: Of Cogs and Stumps and the Price of Fish"
1744:"Boston Barrier Tidal Flood Defence Scheme (2021)"
1731:"Boston Barrier Tidal Flood Defence Scheme (2019)"
1840:. Lincolnshire Waterways Partnership newsletter.
1549:
1145:In 1607, The Haven, between Boston and the sea (
1664:"A Guide to Transport and Works Act Procedures"
1517:"Boston Black Sluice, Black Sluice Navigation"
1360:. The Shipping Platform. 2024. Archived from
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8:
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1817:Skempton, Sir Alec; et al. (2002).
1603:. Institution of Civil Engineers. 2021.
1564:
1423:
1344:"The Boston Harbour Revision Order 1989"
1799:from the original on 17 September 2024.
1767:from the original on 10 September 2024.
1733:. Water Projects online. Archived from
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1320:from the original on 15 September 2024.
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1066:at Boston Deeps, near Black Buoy Sand.
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1874:from the original on 29 November 2023.
1757:"The Deep Sea Fishing Fleet 1995-1936"
1724:from the original on 29 November 2023.
1413:from the original on 25 February 2024.
1316:. Fishermen’s Mission. 11 March 2019.
1288:
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1130:Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors
31:
1838:Waterways X - Boston to Spalding Link
1812:from the original on 4 December 2023.
1666:. Department of Transport. p. 2.
1523:from the original on 14 October 2023.
1490:"Swing Bridge, London Road (1388921)"
1300:
7:
1750:from the original on 25 August 2021.
1696:from the original on 23 August 2020.
1692:BBC History Extra. 1 December 2016.
1470:. Lincolnshire World. 17 July 2019.
1124:receiving six awards, four from the
1804:Seymour, David (23 November 2023).
1607:from the original on 19 April 2024.
1207:History of the British canal system
261:in England. It provides access for
1895:Ports and harbours of Lincolnshire
1495:National Heritage List for England
1446:National Heritage List for England
1385:National Heritage List for England
473:
25:
1857:from the original on 26 May 2024.
1836:Woolford, Bryan (November 2008).
1629:from the original on 16 July 2018
1474:from the original on 3 June 2023.
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1714:"The Straightening of The Haven"
1519:. Inland Waterways Association.
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1468:"Looking ahead to Haven Bridge"
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811:Wyberton Marsh pumping station
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1845:Worrall, John (11 June 2020).
1550:Bell, Gelder & Zalmay 2019
1346:. The National Archives. 1989.
1314:"Boston a Haven for Fishermen"
1126:Institution of Civil Engineers
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164: • coordinates
98: • coordinates
27:River in Lincolnshire, England
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658:Black Sluice pumping station
67:Physical characteristics
1202:Canals of the United Kingdom
1121:Transport and Works Act 1992
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151: • location
85: • location
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1795:. Boston Borough Council.
462:Grand Sluice and sea lock
1791:Minutes (21 April 2016).
1772:Gurnham, Richard (2014).
1746:. Water Projects online.
1358:"Boston (United Kingdom)"
1026:Haven Bridge carries the
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1712:Austin, Richard (2023).
879:Hobhole pumping station
543:St Botolph's Footbridge
273:. It also serves as the
265:between Boston Deeps in
234: • right
1601:"Boston Barrier Scheme"
1441:"Town Bridge (1388904)"
1160:Plymouth, Massachusetts
1086:Internal Drainage Board
1060:Internal Drainage Board
1056:Witham Navigable Drains
291:Witham Navigable Drains
224: • left
205:4.3 miles (6.9 km)
1905:Rivers of Lincolnshire
1808:. Lincolnshire World.
1755:Brown, Suesan (2023).
1077:South Forty-Foot Drain
1040:South Forty-Foot Drain
1031:until 12 years later.
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693:South Forty-Foot Drain
590:John Adams Way bridge
239:South Forty-Foot Drain
1862:Wright, Neil (2023).
1776:. The History Press.
1364:on 15 September 2024.
1180:United Kingdom portal
1141:Historical connection
1134:National Audit Office
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624:Railway swing bridge
281:and of several major
1900:Boston, Lincolnshire
1864:"The Port of Boston"
1737:on 27 November 2020.
1407:"St Botolphs Bridge"
277:into the sea of the
259:Boston, Lincolnshire
1774:The Story of Boston
1044:Fens Waterways Link
1014:St Botolph's Church
523:(tidal below here)
492: A1137
210:Basin features
182: /
116: /
1821:. Thomas Telford.
1625:. 8 January 2018.
1094:Environment Agency
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186:52.9336°N 0.0808°E
158:at Black Buoy Sand
120:52.9811°N 0.0292°W
1828:978-0-7277-2939-2
1783:978-0-7509-5573-7
1409:. Britcon. 2014.
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586: A16
331:The Haven, Boston
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1868:Boston Story
1867:
1851:Fishing News
1850:
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1773:
1761:Boston Story
1760:
1735:the original
1718:Boston Story
1717:
1705:Bibliography
1684:
1677:Seymour 2023
1672:
1658:
1631:. Retrieved
1622:
1613:
1595:
1584:
1577:Minutes 2016
1572:
1567:, p. 7.
1529:
1511:
1501:12 September
1499:. Retrieved
1493:
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1452:10 September
1450:. Retrieved
1444:
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1391:10 September
1389:. Retrieved
1383:
1370:
1362:the original
1352:
1338:
1331:Worrall 2020
1326:
1308:
1296:
1284:
1262:Gurnham 2014
1257:
1250:Gurnham 2014
1245:
1238:Gurnham 2014
1233:
1226:Gurnham 2014
1221:
1144:
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1114:River Orwell
1106:
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563:Town bridge
367:River Witham
279:River Witham
246:
245:
29:
1289:Wright 2023
1277:Austin 2023
1098:BAM Nuttall
1021:John Rennie
283:land drains
215:Tributaries
189: /
123: /
18:River Haven
1889:Categories
1301:Brown 2023
1213:References
1148:TF 361 402
1048:River Glen
174:52°56′01″N
108:52°58′52″N
994:Fleetwood
247:The Haven
177:0°04′51″E
111:0°01′45″W
1872:Archived
1855:Archived
1810:Archived
1797:Archived
1765:Archived
1748:Archived
1722:Archived
1694:Archived
1627:Archived
1623:BBC News
1605:Archived
1521:Archived
1472:Archived
1411:Archived
1318:Archived
1166:See also
1156:Pilgrims
1028:A16 road
963:Flanders
952:Skirbeck
919:The Wash
267:The Wash
263:shipping
156:The Wash
52:Location
1633:26 June
1153:Scrooby
496:bridge
297:History
275:outfall
249:is the
61:England
57:Country
1825:
1780:
1004:Course
978:Myrtle
340:Legend
218:
202:Length
145:
91:Boston
79:
76:Source
251:tidal
141:Mouth
1823:ISBN
1778:ISBN
1635:2018
1503:2024
1454:2024
1393:2024
1100:and
287:Fens
271:dock
255:port
257:of
1891::
1870:.
1866:.
1853:.
1849:.
1763:.
1759:.
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1716:.
1643:^
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1557:^
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1269:^
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293:.
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1291:.
1279:.
323:e
316:t
309:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
