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31:
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Smith, Hayden B.; Dal Grande, Francesco; Muggia, Lucia; Keuler, Rachel; Divakar, Pradeep K.; Grewe, Felix; Schmitt, Imke; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten; Leavitt, Steven D. (2020). "Metagenomic data reveal diverse fungal and algal communities associated with the lichen symbiosis".
710:
691:
191:. They are edible when properly prepared; soaking extensively and boiling with changes of water removes the bitterness and purgative properties. They have been used as a
1165:
1322:
1061:
965:
Davydov, Evgeny A.; Yakovchenko, Lidia S.; Urbanavichene, Irina; Konoreva, Liudmila; Chesnokov, Sergey; Kharpukhaeva, Tatiana; Obermayer, Walter (2020). "
1139:
1178:
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183:
that grow on rocks. They are widely distributed, including on bare rock in
Antarctica, and throughout northern parts of North America such as
858:
167:
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in extreme cases when other food sources were unavailable, as by early
American northern explorers.
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with an East Asian distribution: morphological delimitation and molecular evidence".
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comb. nov., a south-western
European endemic species of the subgenus
171:
129:
72:
1008:
1196:
1105:
682:
175:
153:
1012:
903:
group from Alaska and the
Pacific Northwest of North America".
1092:
661:(J.C.Wei & Y.M.Jiang) Davydov, Peršoh & Rambold (2018)
1296:
1021:
811:. Harrisburg, PA: Stackpole Books. p. 184.
601:(J.C.Wei) Davydov, Peršoh & Rambold (2018)
307:(J.C.Wei) Davydov, Peršoh & Rambold (2018)
1316:
894:
892:
8:
922:Davydov, Evgeny A.; Masson, Didier (2022). "
899:McCune, B. (2018). "Two new species in the
723:mushroom gathering at Kumano in Kishu") by
368:(Frey) Davydov, Peršoh & Rambold (2018)
1323:
1309:
1009:
418:Krzew., M.P.Martín & M.A.García (2009)
29:
20:
783:
480:McCune, Di Meglio & M.J.Curtis (2014)
438:(Harm.) E.A.Davydov & D.Masson (2022)
842:The Complete Guide to Edible Wild Plants
591:(Llano) D.J.Galloway & Sancho (2005)
753:
671:
874:
701:'s men on their journey back from the
7:
1277:
1275:
1220:924c8a67-0d5a-4d55-8ccf-9d2669c02db2
847:United States Department of the Army
797:
795:
14:
808:Field Guide to Edible Wild Plants
1279:
731:
709:
690:
674:
571:(Frey & Poelt) Krzew. (2010)
470:D.J.Galloway & Sancho (2005)
49:
207:and a restorative medicine in
203:is commonly used as a food in
1:
697:Lichens of the type eaten by
1295:. You can help Knowledge by
209:traditional Chinese medicine
358:(Sw. ex Westr.) Ach. (1794)
227:Poelt & T.H.Nash (1993)
1368:
1274:
776:10.1007/s13199-020-00699-4
388:Sancho & Krzew. (2009)
247:Frey & I.M.Lamb (1939)
991:10.1017/s0024282920000389
944:10.1017/s0024282921000475
717:Kishū kumano iwatake tori
597:Umbilicaria sinorientalis
547:Umbilicaria propagulifera
144:
137:
46:Scientific classification
44:
37:
28:
23:
631:(Lightf.) Schrad. (1794)
490:(Zahlbr.) H.Magn. (1937)
486:Umbilicaria nylanderiana
445:Umbilicaria muhlenbergii
657:Umbilicaria xizangensis
537:Umbilicaria proboscidea
476:Umbilicaria nodulospora
466:Umbilicaria murihikuana
455:Umbilicaria multistrata
1291:-related article is a
967:Umbilicaria orientalis
924:Umbilicaria meizospora
901:Umbilicaria torrefacta
881:: CS1 maint: others (
627:Umbilicaria torrefacta
611:Ehrh. ex Hoffm. (1796)
607:Umbilicaria spodochroa
581:(Du Rietz) Frey (1931)
557:Umbilicaria pulvinaria
527:Umbilicaria polyrrhiza
517:Umbilicaria polyphylla
496:Umbilicaria orientalis
434:Umbilicaria meizospora
374:Umbilicaria hyperborea
348:(Miyoshi) Minks (1900)
317:(Vill.) Zahlbr. (1932)
293:Umbilicaria cylindrica
283:Umbilicaria crustulosa
243:Umbilicaria antarctica
147:Umbilicaria hyperborea
39:Umbilicaria hyperborea
1352:Lecanoromycetes stubs
617:Umbilicaria subglabra
567:Umbilicaria rhizinata
424:Umbilicaria mammulata
404:Umbilicaria leiocarpa
364:Umbilicaria hispanica
344:Umbilicaria esculenta
313:Umbilicaria decussata
303:Umbilicaria daliensis
223:Umbilicaria americana
200:Umbilicaria esculenta
853:. 2009. p. 86.
740:Umbilicaria havaasii
647:Umbilicaria virginis
561:(Savicz) Frey (1931)
414:Umbilicaria maculata
394:Umbilicaria isidiosa
378:(Ach.) Hoffm. (1796)
233:Umbilicaria angulata
969:– a new species of
851:Skyhorse Publishing
621:(Nyl.) Harm. (1910)
587:Umbilicaria robusta
551:(Vain.) Lano (1950)
541:(L.) Schrad. (1794)
449:(Ach.) Tuck. (1845)
428:(Ach.) Tuck. (1848)
384:Umbilicaria iberica
354:Umbilicaria hirsuta
273:Umbilicaria bigleri
263:Umbilicaria arctica
637:Umbilicaria vellea
577:Umbilicaria rigida
521:(L.) Baumg. (1790)
327:(L.) Baumg. (1790)
323:Umbilicaria deusta
297:(L.) Delise (1830)
287:(Ach.) Lamy (1879)
267:(Ach.) Nyl. (1859)
253:Umbilicaria aprina
1304:
1303:
1269:
1268:
1228:Open Tree of Life
1015:Taxon identifiers
979:The Lichenologist
932:The Lichenologist
860:978-1-60239-692-0
507:Umbilicaria phaea
161:
160:
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1210:NHMSYS0001500747
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770:(1–2): 133–147.
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703:Coppermine River
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685:) with pine nuts
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641:(L.) Ach. (1794)
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1289:Lecanoromycetes
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531:(L.) Fr. (1825)
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461:– North America
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339:– North America
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189:Rocky Mountains
157:
156:) Hoffm. (1796)
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113:Umbilicariaceae
93:Lecanoromycetes
48:
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985:(5): 353–364.
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16:Genus of fungi
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785:11577/3440801
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699:John Franklin
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459:McCune (2018)
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1297:expanding it
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975:Papillophora
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928:Papillophora
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849:. New York:
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725:Hiroshige II
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681:Rock Tripe (
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511:Tuck. (1869)
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237:Tuck. (1848)
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170:for various
163:
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145:
139:Type species
123:
122:
38:
18:
1342:Umbilicaria
1153:iNaturalist
1053:Umbilicaria
1047:Wikispecies
1023:Umbilicaria
971:Umbilicaria
938:(1): 1–12.
911:(6): 65–77.
502:– East Asia
277:Frey (1949)
257:Nyl. (1869)
193:famine food
185:New England
180:Umbilicaria
168:common name
124:Umbilicaria
24:Rock tripe
1336:Categories
748:References
408:DC. (1805)
164:Rock tripe
83:Ascomycota
79:Division:
1114:FloraBase
1062:AusLichen
999:229051585
952:246828542
877:cite book
869:277203364
764:Symbiosis
69:Kingdom:
63:Eukaryota
1192:MycoBank
1127:Fungorum
1067:30020207
1038:Q3774847
1032:Wikidata
805:(1974).
440:– Europe
187:and the
109:Family:
59:Domain:
1171:1064458
1145:2600611
721:Iwatake
668:Gallery
215:Species
174:of the
172:lichens
166:is the
119:Genus:
99:Order:
89:Class:
1259:956818
1246:UMBIL2
1241:PLANTS
1233:537962
1217:NZOR:
1184:191815
1106:1UMBIG
997:
973:subg.
950:
867:
857:
827:799792
825:
815:
132:(1789)
130:Hoffm.
1287:This
1254:WoRMS
1166:IRMNG
1158:59968
1119:27570
1093:16628
995:S2CID
948:S2CID
683:seogi
176:genus
73:Fungi
1293:stub
1197:5666
1179:ITIS
1140:GBIF
1132:5666
1101:EPPO
1080:84R8
883:link
865:OCLC
855:ISBN
823:OCLC
813:ISBN
154:Ach.
1205:NBN
1088:EoL
1075:CoL
987:doi
940:doi
930:".
780:hdl
772:doi
211:.
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152:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
