256:. The cash bequests in his will amounted to over £300. According to Marshall, the wording of the will, which Pakington drew up on 23 November 1535, provides additional evidence of his sympathy for the Protestant Reformation. Moreover, the sermon at his funeral on 16 November was preached by the "Lutheran activist",
185:
And one morning amongst all other, being a great misty morning such as hath seldom been seen, even as he was crossing the street from his house to the church, he was suddenly murdered with a gun, which of the neighbours was plainly heard and by a great number of labourers there standing at Soper's
155:
of London, and was exporting cloth and importing various wares. In 1523, and again in 1529, he and others were chosen to draw up articles on behalf of the
Mercers for presentation to Parliament. According to Marshall, one of the articles drawn up in 1529 was "sharply anti-clerical". In 1527-8
267:. Stow states that a monument was erected there to his memory. According to the custom of the City of London his children became orphans in the care of the city; on 20 November 1537 the court of aldermen entrusted Pakington's son and heir,
375:
and the
Company's Warden in 1497. At the time of the marriage, Katherine was the widow of her first husband, Richard Collier (d.1533), by whom she had a son and daughter, George and Dorothy.
181:
On the morning of 13 November 1536, while crossing the street from his home in
Cheapside to attend Mercers' Chapel located opposite, Pakington was shot with a gun and killed:
841:
252:
By the time of his death, Pakington was a "man of substance". He had been assessed at 500 marks in the 1534 subsidy, and in 1535 had exported some 250 cloths to
190:
His murder was likely the first committed with a handgun in London. His murderer was never found, despite the "gret rewarde" which was offered for information.
378:
On 21 August 1539, Katherine
Pakington took as her third husband Sir Michael Dormer (d. 20 September 1545), the son of Geoffrey Dormer (d. 9 March 1503) of
193:
Pakington's murder was interpreted by
Protestant reformers as martyrdom, and became a source of religious controversy. In 1545 the Protestant reformer
163:
records that in
Parliament Pakington again revealed anti-clerical sentiments, "speaking somewhat against the covetousness and cruelty of the clergy".
1195:
399:
233:
Foxe produced yet another theory, claiming that
Pakington's murderer was an Italian. In their accounts of Pakington's death the chroniclers
1175:
1170:
205:, too, held the clergy responsible, but in the process of doing so proposed contradictory theories of the crime. In 1559 Foxe claimed that
1137:
628:
1200:
898:
825:
1180:
1190:
245:
did not repeat Foxe's allegations, and
Holinshed put forward an entirely different version of events, claiming that a felon hanged at
1108:
Will of Sir John
Baldwin, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, of Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, proved 27 October 1545, National Archives
371:
Between 1533 and
November 1535, Pakington married secondly Katherine Dallam (d.1563), the daughter of Thomas Dallam, a member of the
736:
288:
1069:
1042:
1015:
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in London in 1536, likely the first such killing in the city. His murder was later interpreted as martyrdom, and recounted in
372:
387:
383:
330:
148:
135:, was a younger son of John Pakington and Elizabeth Washborne, the daughter of Thomas Washborne. He had three brothers,
390:
in 1541. Katherine's two children by her marriage to Richard Collier died about the time of her marriage to Dormer.
308:
175:
116:
1185:
348:
225:, had made a deathbed confession in which he admitted arranging for Pakington's murder. The Catholic apologist
1210:
1144:
Will of Richard Cupper of Powick, Worcestershire, proved 15 October 1584, PROB 11/67/341, National Archives
257:
159:
He was elected to Parliament in a by-election in October 1533, and was re-elected in 1536. The chronicler
1205:
1160:
1143:
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1113:
1107:
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264:
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suggested that "conservative bishops" were behind the murder. A similar suggestion was made in 1548 by
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629:
Cupper (Couper), Richard (by 1519-83/84), of London and Powick, Worcestershire, History of Parliament
284:
272:
222:
326:
315:, who invited him to court after he had been presented to her during her visit to Worcester in 1572.
95:(c. 1489 – 13 November 1536) was a London merchant and Member of Parliament. He was murdered with a
1120:
Will of Sir Michael Dormer, Alderman and Mercer of London, proved 2 October 1545, National Archives
226:
1132:
Will of Richard Collier, Mercer, of Saint Pancras, London, proved 12 March 1533, National Archives
815:
213:"had paid a priest sixty gold coins to carry out the murder". However, in the 1563 edition of the
835:
303:
by his second wife, Margaret (d. 12 January 1561), the only child of John Donnington (d.1544) of
104:
1138:
Cupper (Couper), Richard (by 1519-83/84), of London, Powick and Worcester, History of Parliament
894:
821:
804:
757:
714:
242:
908:
Welch, Charles; Archer, Ian W. (reviewer) (January 2008) . "Kitson, Sir Thomas (1485–1540)".
794:
Miller, Helen (1982), "Pakington, Robert (by 1489–1536), of London", in Bindoff, S.T. (ed.),
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Will of Dame Katherine Dormer, widow, of London, proved 26 January 1563, National Archives
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296:
206:
152:
132:
1154:
767:
Marshall, Peter (October 2008). "Pakington, Robert (b. in or before 1489, d. 1536)".
707:
300:
934:
1114:
Will of Robert Pakington, Mercer of London, proved 24 April 1537, National Archives
379:
1086:
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1032:
996:
969:
927:
868:
786:
1013:
Baker, J.H. (May 2009) . "Pakington, Sir John (b. in or before 1477, d. 1551)".
382:, Buckinghamshire, by his second wife, Alice Collingridge. Dormer was a wealthy
352:
312:
218:
198:
160:
108:
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988:
961:
919:
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778:
321:
Elizabeth Pakington, who married firstly John Lane (died 12 September 1557) of
1051:
1040:
Baker, John (October 2008) . "Baldwin, Sir John (bap. before 1470, d. 1545)".
360:
364:
234:
202:
194:
112:
100:
950:
Whittick, Christopher (October 2008) . "Collier, Richard (1480x85?–1533)".
347:
Margaret Pakington, who married firstly Benedict Lee (d.1559), esquire of
356:
341:
322:
171:
253:
246:
96:
1067:
Carter, P.R.N. (January 2008) . "Tasburgh, Dorothy (1531–1577)".
229:
accused Foxe of slandering Incent, and in the 1570 edition of the
977:
Wright, Stephen (May 2007) . "Pakington, Sir John (1549–1625)".
932:
The first edition of this text is available at Wikisource:
201:, who also attributed Pakington's death to the Catholic clergy.
806:
The Visitation of the County of Worcester Made in the Year 1569
728:
The acts and monuments of John Foxe: A New and Complete Edition
1103:. Vol. II. London: J. & W. Robins. pp. 8–9, 14.
689:
Baggs, A. P.; Bolton, Diane K.; Croot, Patricia E.C. (1985),
809:. Vol. XXVII. London: Harleian Society. pp. 101–3.
762:. Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire: Robert Gibbs. pp. 309–12.
533:
531:
529:
527:
525:
147:
By 1510 Pakington had completed an apprenticeship with the
891:
The mercery of London: trade, goods and people, 1130-1578
796:
The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1509–1558
283:
Pakington married firstly Agnes Baldwin, the daughter of
849:
Rowe, Joy (2004). "Kitson family (per. c.1520–c.1660)".
186:
Lane end...but the deed doer was never espied nor known.
1100:
The History and Antiquities of the County of Buckingham
884:, vol. 4, British History Online, pp. 217–222
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In the final years of his life, Pakington reported to
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had confessed on the gallows to Pakington's murder.
295:Sir Thomas Pakington (d. 2 June 1571), who married
82:
71:
54:
42:
30:
23:
698:: Volume 8: Islington and Stoke Newington parishes
318:John Pakington, of whom nothing further is known.
820:. Vol. II. Salt Lake City. pp. 281–3.
580:
291:, by whom he had two sons and three daughters:
183:
693:, in Baker, T.F.T.; Elrington, C. R. (eds.),
174:at the behest of Cromwell's man of business,
156:Pakington was elected Warden of the Company.
8:
1073:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1046:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1019:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
983:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
956:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
914:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
855:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
773:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
945:. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
730:. Vol. 5. R.B. Seeley and W. Burnside.
592:
178:, who held strongly Protestant sympathies.
840:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
741:John Foxe's The Actes and Monuments Online
700:, British History Online, pp. 178–184
671:
537:
20:
492:
363:, and secondly Thomas Scott, esquire, of
271:, to the custody of his grandfather, Sir
659:
640:
480:
46:13 November 1536 (aged 46–47)
1070:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1043:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1016:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
980:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
953:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
911:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
852:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
770:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
616:
411:
882:A History of the County of Northampton
833:
709:Sir Henry Lee: An Elizabethan Portrait
604:
504:
443:
311:, was for a time a favourite of Queen
556:
127:Robert Pakington, born about 1489 at
7:
713:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp.
696:A History of the County of Middlesex
568:
516:
893:. Ashgate Publishing. p. 387.
86:John Pakington, Elizabeth Washborne
107:. He was the grandfather of Queen
14:
325:, Northamptonshire, and secondly
289:Chief Justice of the Common Pleas
942:Dictionary of National Biography
803:Phillimore, W.P.W., ed. (1888).
737:"The Death of Robert Packington"
691:"Stoke Newington: Other estates"
16:16th-century English politician
581:Baggs, Bolton & Croot 1985
373:Worshipful Company of Skinners
1:
1196:Protestant martyrs of England
1087:UK public library membership
1060:UK public library membership
1033:UK public library membership
997:UK public library membership
970:UK public library membership
928:UK public library membership
869:UK public library membership
814:Richardson, Douglas (2011).
787:UK public library membership
336:Anne Pakington, who married
1176:Deaths by firearm in London
1171:15th-century English people
876:Salzman, L.F., ed. (1937),
759:Worthies of Buckinghamshire
139:, Augustine, and Humphrey.
1227:
1201:Unsolved murders in London
151:, one of the twelve great
117:Sir John "Lusty" Pakington
1191:People murdered in London
329:, Alderman of London and
889:Sutton, Anne F. (2005).
400:List of unsolved murders
349:Burston, Buckinghamshire
263:Pakington was buried in
1116:Retrieved 29 April 2013
1110:Retrieved 29 April 2013
705:Chambers, E.K. (1936).
593:Welch & Archer 2008
1079:10.1093/ref:odnb/68014
1025:10.1093/ref:odnb/21143
989:10.1093/ref:odnb/21145
962:10.1093/ref:odnb/95011
936:"Kytson, Thomas"
920:10.1093/ref:odnb/15833
861:10.1093/ref:odnb/73910
779:10.1093/ref:odnb/96818
756:Gibbs, Robert (1888).
631:Retrieved 11 May 2013.
188:
1181:English MPs 1529–1536
1146:Retrieved 12 May 2013
1140:Retrieved 12 May 2013
1052:10.1093/ref:odnb/1166
1134:Retrieved 7 May 2013
1128:Retrieved 7 May 2013
1122:Retrieved 7 May 2013
878:"Parishes: Walgrave"
817:Plantagenet Ancestry
798:, Boydell and Brewer
735:Foxe, John (1570) .
388:Lord Mayor of London
307:. Their eldest son,
643:, pp. 28, 247.
619:, pp. 217–222.
583:, pp. 178–184.
279:Marriages and issue
231:Actes and Monuments
227:Nicholas Harpsfield
215:Actes and Monuments
726:John Foxe (1838).
717:, 247 – via
351:, half-brother of
327:Sir Richard Malory
309:Sir John Pakington
299:, the daughter of
105:Acts and Monuments
1085:(Subscription or
1058:(Subscription or
1031:(Subscription or
995:(Subscription or
968:(Subscription or
926:(Subscription or
867:(Subscription or
785:(Subscription or
674:, pp. 281–3.
301:Sir Thomas Kitson
265:St Pancras Church
243:Raphael Holinshed
223:Dean of St Paul's
217:Foxe stated that
90:
89:
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1186:English MPs 1536
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1095:Lipscomb, George
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285:Sir John Baldwin
269:Thomas Pakington
211:Bishop of London
153:livery companies
149:Mercers' Company
129:Stanford-on-Teme
93:Robert Pakington
77:Thomas Pakington
64:Katherine Dallam
37:Stanford-on-Teme
25:Robert Pakington
21:
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900:978-075465331-8
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827:978-144996634-8
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672:Richardson 2011
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538:Phillimore 1888
536:
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519:, p. 1330.
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450:
442:
413:
408:
396:
353:Sir Anthony Lee
305:Stoke Newington
281:
239:Richard Grafton
176:Stephen Vaughan
168:Thomas Cromwell
145:
125:
67:
50:
47:
38:
35:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1224:
1222:
1214:
1213:
1211:Murder in 1536
1208:
1203:
1198:
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1188:
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743:. p. 1330
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621:
609:
597:
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561:
559:, p. 310.
542:
540:, p. 103.
521:
509:
507:, p. 387.
497:
493:John Foxe 1838
485:
448:
410:
409:
407:
404:
403:
402:
395:
392:
369:
368:
345:
344:, Oxfordshire.
340:, esquire, of
338:Richard Cupper
334:
319:
316:
280:
277:
207:John Stokesley
170:on matters in
144:
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133:Worcestershire
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660:Whittick 2008
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641:Chambers 1936
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61:Agnes Baldwin
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1206:1530s crimes
1161:1480s births
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745:. Retrieved
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617:Salzman 1937
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380:West Wycombe
377:
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273:John Baldwin
262:
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165:
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146:
126:
92:
91:
18:
1166:1536 deaths
605:Wright 2007
505:Sutton 2005
444:Miller 1982
313:Elizabeth I
221:, a former
219:John Incent
209:, a former
161:Edward Hall
109:Elizabeth I
1155:Categories
1089:required.)
1062:required.)
1035:required.)
999:required.)
972:required.)
930:required.)
871:required.)
789:required.)
682:References
557:Gibbs 1888
361:Henry VIII
331:Lord Mayor
836:cite book
569:Rowe 2004
517:Foxe 1570
365:Yorkshire
235:John Stow
203:John Foxe
195:John Bale
113:favourite
101:John Foxe
83:Parent(s)
1097:(1847).
747:29 April
394:See also
359:to King
357:henchman
355:, and a
342:Glympton
333:in 1564.
323:Walgrave
172:Flanders
72:Children
297:Dorothy
254:Antwerp
247:Banbury
97:handgun
55:Spouses
34:c. 1489
1083:
1056:
1029:
993:
966:
924:
897:
865:
824:
783:
386:, and
384:Mercer
123:Family
49:London
406:Notes
895:ISBN
842:link
822:ISBN
749:2013
241:and
199:Hall
143:Life
137:John
75:Sir
43:Died
31:Born
1075:doi
1048:doi
1021:doi
985:doi
958:doi
916:doi
857:doi
775:doi
111:'s
103:'s
1157::
939:.
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