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The
Convention between Russia and Romania, which established the transit of Russian troops through the country, is one by which Russia obliged itself "to maintain and have the political rights of Romanian state observed, such as they result from the internal laws and the existent tratatives and also
899:
under which
Russian troops were allowed to pass through Romanian territory, with the condition that Russia respected the integrity of Romania. Consequently, the mobilization of the Romanian troops also began, and about 120,000 soldiers were massed in the south of the country to defend against an
979:. For symbolic reasons, the date of May 10 was celebrated as Independence Day, until 1947, since it also marked the celebration of the day when the German Prince Carol first came to Bucharest (May 10, 1866). After the Declaration, the Romanian government immediately cancelled paying
1267:
s spar struck her between the midships and the stern. A powerful explosion followed, with debris from the
Ottoman warship rising up to 40 meters in the air. The half-sunk monitor then re-opened fire, but was struck once again, with the same devastating effects. The crew of
591:
1664:"Turcii îngrãmãdind cele mai mari trupe la Plevna ne nimicesc. Rog sã faci fuziune, demonstratiune si dacã'i posibil sã treci Dunãrea cu armatã dupã cum doresti. Între Jiu si Corabia demonstratiunea aceasta este absolut necesarã pentru înlesnirea miscãrilor mele"
1276:, as the latter was retreating and their monitor was sinking. Following this action, Ottoman warships throughout the remainder of the war would always retreat upon sighting spar torpedo boats. The Russian Lieutenants Dubasov and Shestakov were decorated with the
1096:
On 19 January 1878, the
Ottoman Empire requested an armistice, which was accepted by Russia and Romania. Romania won the war but at a cost of about 10,000 casualties. Additionally, another 19,084 soldiers fell sick during the campaign. Its independence from the
1623:
990:
Initially, before 1877, Russia did not wish to cooperate with
Romania, since they did not wish Romania to participate in the peace treaties after the war, but the Russians encountered a very strong Ottoman army of 40,000 soldiers, led by
1250:
by the
Russians. Her crew consisted of two Russian Lieutenants, Dubasov and Shestakov, and three Romanians: Major Murgescu (the official liaison officer with the Russian headquarters), an engine mechanic and a navigator. The attack of
1468:(in now-published original letters exchanged at that time) to accept this compromise with Russia in view of the great economical potential of Romania's direct access to the Black Sea and its ancient ports at the expense of
1627:
1151:
1061:
Prince Carol I accepted the Duke's proposal to become the
Marshal of the Russian troops in addition to the command of his own Romanian army, thus being able to lead the combined armed forces to the
2353:
2083:
1861:"Reminiscences of the KING OF ROMANIA", Edited from the original with an Introduction by Sidney Whitman, Authorized edition, Harper& Brothers: New York and London, 1899, pp.15–20.
47:
195:
2753:
1512:
Istoria
Militară a Poporului Român (The Military History of the Romanian People), Centrul de Studii și Cercetări de Istorie și Teorie Militară, Editura Militară, București, 1987
1047:
648:
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1653:"Reminiscences of the KING OF ROMANIA", Edited from the original with an Introduction by Sidney Whitman, Authorized edition, Harper& Brothers: New York and London, 1899
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2278:
1942:
2691:
521:
1977:
2624:
858:
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1912:
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2088:
1359:, a region conquered by Turks around the late 15th century and ruled until the late 19th century when it was conquered by Russians) were taken from the
1998:
3030:
1890:
1077:, and on 28 November 1877 the Plevna citadel capitulated, and Osman Pasha surrendered the city, the garrison and his sword to the Romanian colonel
2878:
2629:
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2375:
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1972:
1670:, are laying us waste. I ask you to make mergers, demonstrations and if it is possible cross the Danube with the army as you wish. Between
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916:, on their way to the Ottoman Empire. Due to great losses, the Russian Empire asked Romania to intervene. On July 24 [
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1003:) where the Russian troops, led by Russian generals, suffered very heavy losses and were routed in several battles.
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July 12] 1877, the first
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Istoricul principalelor puncte pe Dunăre de la gura Tisei până la Mare şi pe coastele mării de la Varna la Odessa
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read the act of independence of
Romania as the will of the Romanian people. A day later, on May 22 [
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was returned to full Romanian control in 1878, after the Russian ground forces had finished crossing the
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with one gun. Despite its inferiority on paper, the Romanian Navy destroyed many Turkish river gunboats.
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was a 400-ton ironclad warship, with a maximum armor thickness of 76 mm and armed with two 120 mm guns.
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1464:. Prince Carol was most unhappy by this unfavorable turn of negotiations; he was finally persuaded by
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1436:), but Russia would nevertheless occupy as a so-called "compensation" the old Romanian counties of
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1263:, the latter fired three rounds at her without any effect. Before she could fire the fourth round,
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According to the Russian-Romanian treaty signed in April that year, the Romanian spar torpedo boat
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1085:. After the occupation of Plevna, the Romanian Army returned to the Danube and won the battles of
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War and Society in East Central Europe: Insurrections, Wars, and the Eastern Crisis in the 1870s
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Dan Falcan (March 2022). "Războiul din 1877-1878, independența României și Marile Puteri".
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1524:Мерников А. Г., Спектор А. А. Всемирная история войн. — Минск: 2005. — С. 376.
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1916:. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 931–936.
1800:"Treaty of San Stefano | Russia-Turkey [1878] | Britannica"
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decided that Russia would give Romania its independence, the territories of
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Istoria Romanilor de la Carol I la Nicolae Ceausescu By Ioan Scurtu, pp 132
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1624:"Demersuri româno-ruse privind implicarea armatei române la sud de Dunăre"
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Warship International, 1987: The Romanian Navy's Torpedo Boat Rindunica
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this demonstration is absolutely necessary to facilitate my movements.)
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and the formal surrender, after heavy fighting, of the Turkish General
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Romanian troops returning to Bucharest after the war, 8 October 1878.
1371:. The Russian Empire wanted to conquer as much as possible from the
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and recognized the independence of Serbia, Montenegro, and Romania.
1584:(Victimele războaielor trecute). Medgiz, Moscova, 1947, pp. 36, 37
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served under joint Romanian-Russian command. She was also known as
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1227:. The three gunboats displaced 352, 130 and 85 tons respectively.
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April 12] 1877 – 3 March 1878 (10 months, 1 week, 2 days)
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Osman Pasha surrendered his sword to Russian division commander
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the present integrity of Romania". The Romanians believe that "
1050:, the Russian commander-in-chief, asked Prince Carol I for the
987:), and the sum was given instead to the Romanian War Ministry.
1010:
927:
1662:
The telegram of Nikolai to Carol I (translated in Romanian):
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30,000 killed in battle, 50,000 died from wounds and diseases
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Recovery attempt of Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina and Hertsa
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and the international recognition of Romania's independence.
875:
is the name used in Romanian historiography to refer to the
2084:
Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878
1605:
1603:
1546:Урланис Б. Ц. Войны и народонаселение Европы. — М.: 1960.
1319:
The Carpatho-Danubian-Pontic Space in 1878 AD, after the
900:
eventual attack of the Ottoman forces from south of the
1824:"Russian Mediterranean Sea Interest Before World War I"
1736:
The Romanian armed power concept: a historical approach
1027:
944:
912:
and its troops entered Romania through the newly built
1859:
https://archive.org/stream/reminiscencesofk00kremiala
1651:
https://archive.org/stream/reminiscencesofk00kremiala
649:
Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
2953:
2018 unification declarations in Moldova and Romania
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Armata Romania in Razvoiul de Independenta 1877–1878
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took place during the night of 25–26 May 1877, near
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May 10] 1877, the act was signed by Prince
27:
Conflict fought during the 1877-78 Russo-Turkish war
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1891:The Romanian Army of the Russo-Turkish War 1877–78
1846:The Roots and Consequences of 20th-Century Warfare
1666:("The Turks, massing together the largest army at
1329:peace treaty between Russia and the Ottoman Empire
967:May 9] 1877, in the Romanian parliament,
1883:by Richard T. Trenk Sr. (Originally published in
2769:Population exchange between Bulgaria and Romania
2453:Independence and annexation of Northern Dobruja
32:
2943:Centenary of the Great Union Anniversary Medal
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2279:Provisional Russian Administration in Bulgaria
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1644:
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1280:, while Major Murgescu was decorated with the
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1936:
1259:. As she was approaching the Ottoman monitor
1145:Romanian troops storming the Grivitsa Redoubt
852:
8:
2625:Romanian military intervention in Bessarabia
2909:Day of the Union of Bessarabia with Romania
1749:The Ottoman Empire and its Tributary States
1692:(in Romanian). No. 38. pp. 10−11.
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2264:First Constitutional Era (Ottoman Empire)
1580:Kaminskii, L. S., și Novoselskii, S. A.,
1101:was finally recognized on 13 July 1878.
2879:1 Decembrie 1918 University, Alba Iulia
1896:Grivitsa Romanian Mausoleum in Bulgaria
1502:
350:
339:
1556:Мерников А. Г., Спектор А. А. (2005).
1508:
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1054:to intervene and join forces with the
3026:Rebellions against the Ottoman Empire
2680:Great National Assembly of Alba Iulia
2448:Unification of Moldavia and Wallachia
2089:Expulsion of the Albanians, 1877–1878
1402:The treaty was not recognised by the
1367:, and given back to the Romanians in
924:Romanian proclamation of independence
328:(during the entire Russo-Turkish War)
321:(during the entire Russo-Turkish War)
120:passed from Romania to Russian Empire
115:passed from Ottoman Empire to Romania
7:
2596:Central Powers occupation of Romania
1887:magazine, Number Four, August, 1997)
2324:Convention of Constantinople (1881)
1978:Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1876–1878)
1272:subsequently fired their rifles at
1235:were each armed with four guns and
1848:. California: ABC-CLIO. p. 1.
1705:"9 mai 1877: România independentă"
910:declared war on the Ottoman Empire
25:
3011:Wars involving the Ottoman Empire
1609:Nicolae Petrescu, M. Drăghiescu,
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1973:Herzegovina uprising (1875–1877)
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2675:Great Romanian National Council
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2458:Romanian annexation of Silistra
2314:Austro–Serbian Alliance of 1881
1703:Manuel Stănescu (7 June 2017).
1408:1878 peace conference in Berlin
1081:and Russian division commander
983:to the Ottoman Empire (914,000
259:280,000 troops (European front)
2640:Romanian occupation of Hungary
1822:Babcock, Alex (30 June 2017).
1422:including the ancient port of
1130:The battlefield of Plevna and
1069:. The Army won the battles of
1048:Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich
1:
2074:Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)
1303:Another Ottoman monitor, the
1205:consisted of three gunboats:
668:Socialist Republic of Romania
2884:National Museum of the Union
2670:General Congress of Bukovina
2463:Conquest of Southern Dobruja
2294:Battles for Plav and Gusinje
2079:Romanian War of Independence
1492:Crossing of the Danube Cross
1286:Order of the Star of Romania
873:Romanian War of Independence
522:Principality of Transylvania
312:1,713 died from other causes
40:Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78
33:Romanian War of Independence
18:Romanian war of independence
2468:Treaty of Bucharest of 1916
2329:British Occupation of Egypt
2209:Budapest Convention of 1877
1789:, Modelism, 2003, pp. 13-18
1787:Romanian navy torpedo boats
1723:Romanian Navy Torpedo Boats
1595:Romanian Navy Torpedo Boats
877:Russo-Turkish War (1877–78)
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3021:1878 in the Ottoman Empire
3016:1877 in the Ottoman Empire
2788:Paris Peace Treaties, 1947
2319:French conquest of Tunisia
1907:"Russo-Turkish Wars"
1844:Spencer C. Tucker (2016).
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381:Cucuteni–Trypillia culture
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2630:Second Romanian campaign
2259:1876 Ottoman coup d'état
1533:Scafes, Cornel, et al.,
1369:Principality of Moldavia
904:. On April 24 [
887:April 4] 1877,
883:. On April 16 [
480:Voivodeship of Maramureș
465:Banat in the Middle Ages
310:81,363 died from disease
291:4,302 killed and missing
2921:(Romanian national day)
2793:Moscow Protocol of 1948
2734:Union with Transylvania
2569:First Romanian war plan
2228:Treaty of Berlin (1878)
1913:Encyclopædia Britannica
1582:Poteri v proșlîh voinah
1454:Treaty of Paris of 1856
1282:Order of Saint Vladimir
634:Union with Transylvania
542:Danubian Principalities
475:Second Bulgarian Empire
460:History of Transylvania
433:Origin of the Romanians
3001:Wars involving Romania
2635:Hungarian–Romanian War
2603:1917 Romanian Campaign
2579:Battle of Transylvania
2574:1916 Romanian Campaign
2497:Ferdinand I of Romania
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2035:Kresna–Razlog uprising
2030:Razlovtsi insurrection
2025:April Uprising of 1876
1721:Cristian Crăciunoiu,
1613:, p. 160 (in Romanian)
1593:Cristian Crăciunoiu,
1558:Всемирная история войн
1432:
1426:, as well as the tiny
1337:Bulgarian principality
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1296:. The Ottoman monitor
1198:
1194:The spar torpedo boat
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470:First Bulgarian Empire
308:6,824 died from wounds
172:Commanders and leaders
2986:Rebellions in Romania
2833:Transnistria conflict
2724:Union with Bessarabia
2618:Third Battle of Oituz
2214:Treaty of San Stefano
2056:Epirus Revolt of 1878
2020:Stara Zagora Uprising
1785:Cristian Crăciunoiu,
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1046:Due to great losses,
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587:United Principalities
485:Founding of Wallachia
391:Bronze Age in Romania
331:2 river monitors sunk
278:Casualties and losses
94:Treaty of San Stefano
3006:Wars of independence
2586:The Romanian Debacle
2425:Romanian irredentism
2420:Romanian nationalism
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2199:Reichstadt Agreement
2061:Cretan revolt (1878)
1952:Great Eastern Crisis
1734:Constantin Olteanu,
1487:Great Eastern Crisis
963:On May 21 [
763:By historical region
562:Transylvanian School
490:Founding of Moldavia
2818:Republic of Moldova
2759:Second Vienna Award
2729:Union with Bukovina
2613:Battle of Mărășești
2591:Battle of Bucharest
2244:Bulgarian Exarchate
1460:) were included in
1438:Southern Bessarabia
1379:region (control of
1353:Southern Bessarabia
1278:Order of St. George
969:Mihail Kogălniceanu
895:signed a treaty at
729:Historical timeline
629:Union with Bukovina
597:War of Independence
118:Southern Bessarabia
64:April 24 [
2925:Trianon Treaty Day
2527:Alexandru Averescu
2517:Ion I. C. Brătianu
2224:Congress of Berlin
1959:Wars and conflicts
1879:2015-11-13 at the
1560:. Minsk: Харвест.
1482:Kingdom of Romania
1418:and access to the
1373:sick man of Europe
1363:, defeated in the
1325:
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1063:conquest of Plevna
1026:. You can help by
943:. You can help by
835:Romania portal
700:Romania since 1989
611:Kingdom of Romania
555:National Awakening
527:Eyalet of Temesvar
509:Early Modern Times
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1397:Mediterranean Sea
1383:) all the way to
1219:spar torpedo boat
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386:Hamangia culture
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1207:Ştefan cel Mare
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1024:needs expansion
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639:Greater Romania
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1904:, ed. (1911).
1902:Chisholm, Hugh
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306:56,652 wounded
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1747:W. S. Cooke,
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1630:on 2020-07-20
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1203:Romanian Navy
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1159:Ivan Ganetsky
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1083:Ivan Ganetsky
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1052:Romanian Army
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1038:
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1022:This section
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1002:
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939:This section
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914:Eiffel Bridge
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2914:Bukovina Day
2828:Transnistria
2823:Independence
2717:Unifications
2709:(unenforced)
2665:Sfatul Țării
2452:
2340:
2335:Marche slave
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2078:
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1827:. Retrieved
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1628:the original
1618:
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1428:Snake Island
1416:Danube Delta
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1183:The gunboat
1095:
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1056:Russian Army
1045:
1032:
1028:adding to it
1023:
989:
962:
949:
945:adding to it
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872:
870:
811:Transylvania
739:Christianity
654:World War II
596:
532:Varat Eyalet
327:
320:
316:
283:
129:Belligerents
88:
38:Part of the
2904:Dobruja Day
2561:World War I
2542:Iuliu Maniu
2537:Pan Halippa
2397:Marea Unire
2392:Great Union
2269:Opalchentsi
1966:Montenegrin
1885:Man At Arms
1709:historia.ro
1458:Crimean War
1456:(after the
1389:Dardanelles
1365:Crimean War
1333:San Stefano
1115:Map of the
1067:Osman Pasha
1035:August 2016
993:Osman Pasha
952:August 2016
619:World War I
537:Phanariotes
447:Middle Ages
428:Roman Dacia
423:Dacian Wars
352:History of
295:19,904 sick
273:210 cannons
261:500 cannons
250:190 cannons
107:Territorial
2980:Categories
2559:Romania in
2406:Background
2187:agreements
1634:2018-10-14
1395:) and the
1265:Rândunica'
1173:See also:
681:Revolution
373:Prehistory
2935:Centenary
2802:Aftermath
2658:documents
2013:Bulgarian
1498:Footnotes
1420:Black Sea
1393:Bosphorus
1377:Black Sea
1355:(part of
1311:Aftermath
1305:Podgoriçe
1290:Rândunica
1274:Rândunica
1253:Rândunica
1248:Tsarevich
1244:Rândunica
1224:Rândunica
1196:Rândunica
995:, at the
897:Bucharest
816:Wallachia
791:Maramureș
410:Antiquity
2897:Holidays
2413:Ideology
2237:See also
1877:Archived
1764:, p. 104
1751:, p. 117
1738:, p. 152
1690:Historia
1476:See also
1470:Bulgaria
1466:Bismarck
1462:Moldavia
1406:and the
1237:Fulgerul
1217:and one
1215:Fulgerul
1132:Grivitsa
1071:Grivitsa
1007:Conflict
891:and the
801:Muntenia
796:Moldavia
781:Bukovina
712:By topic
343:a series
341:Part of
319:230,000
236:Strength
73:Location
2490:Figures
1829:30 June
1725:, p. 13
1676:Corabia
1597:, p. 19
1446:Bolgrad
1233:România
1211:România
1185:România
1091:Smârdan
981:tribute
977:Carol I
889:Romania
806:Oltenia
786:Dobruja
776:Crișana
749:Judaism
354:Romania
185:Carol I
142:Romania
109:changes
78:Balkans
2441:Events
1668:Pleven
1564:
1450:Ismail
1414:, the
1381:Danube
1375:, the
1357:Budjak
1349:defend
1345:defend
1294:Danube
1161:, 1877
1075:Rahova
1001:Pleven
902:Danube
345:on the
317:Total:
163:
153:Russia
85:Result
2511:Queen
2044:Greek
1442:Cahul
1424:Tomis
1298:Seyfi
1270:Seyfi
1261:Seyfi
1257:Măcin
1099:Porte
1087:Vidin
771:Banat
744:Islam
592:ASTRA
451:Early
418:Dacia
2501:King
2226:and
1987:Serb
1831:2017
1674:and
1562:ISBN
1448:and
1327:The
1231:and
1213:and
1201:The
1089:and
1073:and
973:O.S.
965:O.S.
918:O.S.
906:O.S.
885:O.S.
871:The
66:O.S.
61:Date
1672:Jiu
1343:to
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