1485:. He is generally regarded as the father of the liturgical movement in Germany, and in his "Open Letter" of April 1964 to Mgr. Johannes Wagner, the organizer of the Third German Liturgical Congress in Mainz, he "raises important questions regarding the nature of the liturgical act in the wake of individualism, asking whether it is possible for twentieth-century Christians really to engage in worship. Is it possible to 'relearn a forgotten way of doing things and recapture lost attitudes', so as to enter into the liturgical experience?." It was his glad hope that after the call by the Second Vatican Council for liturgical reform, the Catholic Church might shift its focus from the merely ceremonial, important though that was, to a broader idea of true liturgical action—action that "embraced not only a spiritual inwardness, but the whole man, body as well as spirit." He himself gave an example of his meaning: A parish priest of the late 19th century once said (according to Guardini's illustration), "We must organize the procession better; we must see to it that the praying and singing is done better." For Guardini, the parish priest had missed the point of what true liturgical action is. He should instead have asked, "How can the act of walking become a religious act, a retinue for the Lord progressing through his land, so that an 'epiphany' may take place."
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Guardini's books were often powerful studies of traditional themes in the light of present-day challenges or examinations of current problems as approached from the
Christian, and especially Catholic, tradition. He was able to enter into the worldview of those such as
1573:, incorporated Guardini's views in their agenda. Slovak philosopher and theologian Ladislav Hanus was strongly influenced in his works by Guardini, whom he met personally, and promoted his ideas in Slovakia, writing a short monograph. In 1952, Guardini won the
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1927:
Dante-Studien. 3. Band: Dantes Göttliche Komödie. Ihre philosophischen und religiösen
Grundgedanken (Vorlesungen). Aus dem Nachlaß herausgegeben von Martin Marschall. Grünewald / Schöningh, Mainz / Paderborn 1998,
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The 1990s saw something of a revival of interest in his works and person. Several of his books were reissued in the original German and in
English translation. In 1997 his remains were moved to the
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on 1 October 1968. He was buried in the priests’ cemetery of the
Oratory of St. Philip Neri in Munich. His estate was left to the Catholic Academy in Bavaria that he had co-founded.
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He became a German citizen in 1911 so that he could teach theology in
Germany, a job paid by the government. He briefly worked in a pastoral position at
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271:. In the 1935 essay "Der Heiland" (The Saviour) he criticized Nazi mythologizing of the person of Jesus and emphasized the Jewishness of Jesus. The
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before returning to
Freiburg to work on his doctorate in Theology under Engelbert Krebs. He received his doctorate in 1915 for a dissertation on
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in 1922, again with a dissertation on
Bonaventure. Throughout this period he also worked as a parish priest at St. Ignatius, St. Emmeran's, and
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1528:). In the 1980s Bergoglio began work on a doctoral dissertation on Guardini, though he never completed it. Pope Francis cited Guardini's
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179:. His father, Romano Tullo (1857–1919), was a poultry wholesaler. Guardini had three younger brothers. The family moved to
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to individuals or institutions that have made exceptional contributions to culture, society, or social science in Europe.
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As a philosopher he founded no "school", but his intellectual disciples could in some sense be said to include
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Fluent in
Italian and German, he also studied Latin, Greek, French, and English. After studying chemistry in
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and served as chaplain to the
Catholic youth movement. During World War I he served as a hospital orderly.
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294:, where he remained until retiring for health reasons in 1962. That same year, he received the
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were favourably impressed by
Guardini's work. He had a strong influence in Central Europe; in
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when he was one year old and he lived in Germany for the rest of his life. He attended the
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and resumed lecturing on the Philosophy of Religion. In 1948, he became professor at the
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forced him to resign from his Berlin position in 1939. From 1943 to 1945 he retired to
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187:. Guardini wrote that as a young man he was “always anxious and very scrupulous.”
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1641:. Sheed & Ward, 1957. More recently in a revised edition by ISI Books, 1998.
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The Human Experience: Essays on Providence, Melancholy, Community, and Freedom
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In 1945, Guardini was appointed professor in the Faculty of Philosophy at the
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1599:, was "one of the most successful books I have ever published". The novelist
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Italian-born German Catholic priest, philosopher and theologian (1885–1968)
4508:
Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
3819:
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2094:
Foundations in Ritual Studies: A Reader for Students of Christian Worship
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1967:"Romano Guardini, Beloved Theologian of Two Popes — and Potential Saint"
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718:
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515:
151:(17 February 1885 – 1 October 1968) was an Italian, naturalized German
2312:
2000:, (Robert Anthony Krieg, ed.) LiturgyTrainingPublications, 1995, p. 15
1603:
thought it "very fine" and recommended it to a number of her friends.
327:
opened the cause of canonization for Guardini, thus designating him a
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3209:
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217:, taking the name Odilio. Guardini was ordained a diocesan priest in
214:
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and Tübingen. Impressed by the monastic spirituality of the monks of
172:
114:
93:
1652:
The Art of Praying: The Principles and Methods of Christian Prayer
1447:
1439:
272:
227:
180:
2245:, edited by Heinz R. Kuehn. Liturgy Training Publications, 1997.
202:
for three, he decided to become a priest. He studied Theology in
3402:
1586:, the University church in Munich, where he had often preached.
853:
3017:
2316:
2048:"How Romano Guardini helps to shape the 'Spirit of the Papacy'"
1924:
Dante-Studien. 2. Band: Landschaft der Ewigkeit (München 1958)
1755:
The Humanity of Christ: Contributions to a Psychology of Jesus
308:
offered to make Guardini a cardinal in 1965, but he declined.
1541:, more often than any other modern thinker who was not pope.
1481:
in Germany and by extension on the liturgical reforms of the
2188:. Lake Bluff, Illinois: Regnery Gateway Inc. Archived from
1998:
Romano Guardini: Proclaiming the Sacred in a Modern World
2303:(National Institute for the Renewal of the Priesthood)
4414:
1896:
1. Band: Der Engel in Dantes Göttlicher Komödie 1937
4311:
4120:
3979:
3849:
3725:
3604:
3461:
3368:
3228:
3122:
3060:
2858:
2825:
2789:
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2452:
2445:
2350:
1744:CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2015.
132:
124:
104:
75:
70:
53:
48:
23:
1868:Gottes Werkleute. Briefe ueber Selbstbildung, 1921
1473:(The Spirit of the Liturgy), published during the
171:Romano Michele Antonio Maria Guardini was born in
2216:The Habit of Being: Letters of Flannery O'Connor
2096:. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic. p. 3.
4513:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class)
298:, an annual prize awarded by the board of the
3029:
2328:
2256:The World and the Person: And Other Writings.
2115:
2113:
1880:Das Gute, das Gewissen und die Sammlung, 1929
1466:, and make sense of them for modern readers.
1409:
8:
2136:Romano Guardini: Mysliteľ a pedagóg storočia
4533:20th-century German Roman Catholic priests
3036:
3022:
3014:
2449:
2335:
2321:
2313:
2154:It was still in print as of 2012, with an
2073:Romano Guardini: A Precursor of Vatican II
1626:Pascal: A Study in Christian Consciousness
1416:
1402:
671:
333:
175:in 1885 and was baptized in the Church of
37:
20:
2218:. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. p. 74.
4483:20th-century German Catholic theologians
2075:. University of Notre Dame Press, 1997.
2018:Allen, Jr., John L. (28 February 2013).
1820:Rilke's Duino Elegies: An Interpretation
263:In 1923, he was appointed to a chair in
4421:
2046:Allen Jr., John L. (25 February 2018).
1992:
1990:
1988:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1553:, for example, an influential group of
354:
4037:Wilhelm Emmanuel Freiherr von Ketteler
1917:Begegnung und Bildung, (together with
283:had been a parish priest since 1917.
80:Romano Michele Antonio Maria Guardini
7:
2966:
2728:Pontifical Athenaeum of Saint Anselm
2243:The Essential Guardini: An Anthology
2214:O’Connor, Flannery (1 August 1988).
1575:Peace Prize of the German Book Trade
194:for two semesters, and economics in
2996:
2906:Catholic–Eastern Orthodox relations
2400:Liturgical reforms of Pope Pius XII
2020:"Benedict's final theologian quote"
1877:Grundlegung der Bildungslehre, 1928
325:Archdiocese of Munich and Freising
14:
2285:Works by or about Romano Guardini
4528:20th-century German philosophers
4460:
4448:
4436:
4424:
4397:
2995:
2986:
2985:
2976:
2975:
2965:
2947:
2935:
2902:Anglican–Roman Catholic dialogue
2893:Modernism in the Catholic Church
2733:Saint John's Abbey, Collegeville
2380:Belgian Benedictine Congregation
2182:Memoirs of a Dissident Publisher
1908:Freiheit, Gnade, Schicksal, 1948
1889:Das Wesen des Christentums, 1937
1712:. Sophia Institute Press, 2000.
1699:. Sophia Institute Press, 1999.
1654:. Sophia Institute Press, 1994.
1382:
1370:
378:
370:
362:
337:
4538:Naturalized citizens of Germany
4518:German male non-fiction writers
3355:Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite
2375:French Benedictine Congregation
1871:Von heiligen Zeichen, 1922–1925
1738:. Sophia Institute Press, 1998.
1477:, was a major influence on the
3068:History of the Catholic Church
2092:Bradshaw & Melloh (2007).
1886:Christliches Bewusstsein, 1935
1865:Vom Geist der Liturgie. (1918)
1725:. Kessinger Publishing, 2007.
1686:. Crossroad Publishing, 1998.
300:Praemium Erasmianum Foundation
1:
3717:Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
3114:History of Christian theology
2898:Catholic Church and ecumenism
238:St. Christoph's Church, Mainz
4488:Italian emigrants to Germany
3045:History of Catholic theology
2395:Sacred Congregation of Rites
1669:. Regnery Publishing, 1996.
2362:Mass in the Catholic Church
1914:Sorge um den Menschen, 1962
1846:The Conversion of Augustine
1639:The End of the Modern World
1613:Freedom, Grace, and Destiny
1530:The End of the Modern World
4554:
4143:Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
4133:Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange
3418:Transubstantiation dispute
2802:Gillespie, Kidd & Coia
2179:Regnery, Henry S. (1985).
2025:National Catholic Reporter
1911:Das Ende der Neuzeit, 1950
1902:Der Tod des Sokrates, 1943
425:Principle of Double Effect
4392:
3051:
2930:
2606:Reynold Henry Hillenbrand
2307:The Spirit of the Liturgy
2138:. LÚČ, Bratislava, 1994.
1883:Vom Sinn der Kirche, 1933
1794:The Spirit of the Liturgy
1781:The Meaning of the Church
1697:Living the Drama of Faith
1684:The Spirit of the Liturgy
1679:Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger
36:
4057:Matthias Joseph Scheeben
3250:Athanasius of Alexandria
3142:First Epistle of Clement
2878:Klosterneuburg Monastery
2766:Mystici Corporis Christi
2369:Lex orandi, lex credendi
2276:Works by Romano Guardini
2258:Gateway Editions, 2023.
1532:eight times in his 2015
1429:Reputation and influence
185:Rabanus-Maurus-Gymnasium
4168:Dietrich von Hildebrand
4032:Giovanni Maria Cornoldi
3906:Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet
3886:Mary of Jesus of Ágreda
3428:Paulinus II of Aquileia
3423:Predestination disputes
2954:Vatican City portal
2299:19 October 2007 at the
541:Theological determinism
223:Georg Heinrich Kirstein
65:Georg Heinrich Kirstein
4523:German Servants of God
4404:Catholicism portal
4253:Hans Urs von Balthasar
4052:Tommaso Maria Zigliara
3992:Félicité de La Mennais
3671:The Cloud of Unknowing
3172:The Shepherd of Hermas
2942:Catholicism portal
2917:Second Vatican Council
2773:In cotidianis precibus
2611:Josef Andreas Jungmann
2429:Ottaviani Intervention
2411:Sacrosanctum concilium
2071:Robert Anthony Krieg,
1736:The Rosary of Our Lady
1483:Second Vatican Council
1471:Vom Geist der Liturgie
1469:His first major work,
1377:Catholicism portal
729:Gregory (of Nazianzus)
593:Christian Neoplatonism
323:In December 2017, the
288:University of Tübingen
265:Philosophy of Religion
233:
141:University of Freiburg
137:University of Tübingen
4178:Marie-Dominique Chenu
4097:Marie-Joseph Lagrange
4082:Désiré-Joseph Mercier
3966:Clement Mary Hofbauer
3961:Johann Michael Sailer
3388:Maximus the Confessor
3080:History of the papacy
2500:André-Jean Festugière
2435:Book of Common Prayer
1905:Die Lebensalter, 1944
1899:Welt und Person, 1939
1848:. Cluny Media, 2020.
1835:. Cluny Media, 2019.
1822:. Cluny Media, 2019.
1809:. Cluny Media, 2019.
1807:The Death of Socrates
1796:. Cluny Media, 2018.
1783:. Cluny Media, 2018.
1770:. Cluny Media, 2018.
1757:. Cluny Media, 2018.
1723:The Death of Socrates
1677:with introduction by
1628:. Cluny Media, 2022.
1615:. Cluny Media, 2023.
1522:Jorge Mario Bergoglio
1389:Philosophy portal
231:
4354:Raniero Cantalamessa
4324:Alice von Hildebrand
4273:Edward Schillebeeckx
3951:Maria Gaetana Agnesi
3836:Lawrence of Brindisi
3766:Francisco de Vitoria
3556:Beatrice of Nazareth
3531:Hugh of Saint Victor
3511:Bernard of Clairvaux
3491:Anselm of Canterbury
3453:John Scotus Eriugena
3448:Paschasius Radbertus
3295:Gregory of Nazianzus
3189:Epistle to Diognetus
2912:Crypto-Protestantism
2752:Tra le sollecitudini
2671:Maria Luise Thurmair
2525:Maurice de la Taille
2390:Liturgy of the Hours
1710:Learning the Virtues
1555:Christian socialists
625:Second scholasticism
292:University of Munich
269:University of Berlin
244:. He completed his "
204:Freiburg im Breisgau
177:San Nicolò all'Arena
4329:Carlo Maria Martini
4293:Johann Baptist Metz
4263:Frederick Copleston
4087:Friedrich von Hügel
4047:Joseph Hergenröther
4027:Gaetano Sanseverino
4007:Ignaz von Döllinger
3931:Nicolas Malebranche
3771:Thomas of Villanova
3732:Counter-Reformation
3712:Girolamo Savonarola
3526:Hildegard of Bingen
3335:Cyril of Alexandria
3178:Aristides of Athens
3165:Epistle of Barnabas
3154:Ignatius of Antioch
3092:Ecumenical councils
2681:Cirpirano Vagaggini
2344:Liturgical Movement
1874:Der Gegensatz, 1925
1583:Sankt Ludwig Kirche
1479:Liturgical Movement
455:Liberation Theology
356:Catholic philosophy
279:, where his friend
232:Peterskirche, Mainz
4344:Alasdair MacIntyre
4223:Nouvelle théologie
4112:Thérèse of Lisieux
3956:Alfonso Muzzarelli
3896:Jean-Jacques Olier
3866:Tommaso Campanella
3781:Francisco de Osuna
3776:Ignatius of Loyola
3645:Catherine of Siena
3541:Robert Grosseteste
3438:Benedict of Aniane
3378:Isidore of Seville
3320:Augustine of Hippo
3285:Cyril of Jerusalem
3280:Hilary of Poitiers
2888:Malines Congresses
2883:Hippolytus of Rome
2872:Deutsche Singmesse
2661:Massey H. Shepherd
2656:Theodor Schnitzler
2490:Jacques Paul Migne
2309:by Romano Guardini
2195:on 1 December 2007
2120:Guardini, Romano.
1973:. 15 December 2017
1498:Felix Messerschmid
734:Gregory (of Nyssa)
462:Christian Humanism
254:University of Bonn
234:
4493:Clergy from Mainz
4412:
4411:
4339:Gustavo Gutiérrez
4334:Pope Benedict XVI
4319:Pope John Paul II
4218:Josemaría Escrivá
4208:Henri Daniel-Rops
4092:Vladimir Solovyov
4072:Neo-scholasticism
4012:John Henry Newman
3946:Louis de Montfort
3941:Alphonsus Liguori
3936:Giambattista Vico
3871:Pierre de Bérulle
3857:French Revolution
3826:Robert Bellarmine
3806:John of the Cross
3692:Julian of Norwich
3650:Bridget of Sweden
3640:John of Ruusbroec
3630:William of Ockham
3546:Francis of Assisi
3536:Dominic de Guzmán
3506:Decretum Gratiani
3481:Berengar of Tours
3370:Early Middle Ages
3340:Peter Chrysologus
3290:Basil of Caesarea
3275:Ephrem the Syrian
3215:Antipope Novatian
3011:
3010:
2850:Textual criticism
2723:Maria Laach Abbey
2689:
2688:
2601:Ildefons Herwegen
2561:Thomas J. Carroll
2546:Giulio Bevilacqua
2520:Gerard van Caloen
2460:Prosper Guéranger
2280:Project Gutenberg
2251:978-1-56854-133-4
2168:978-0-89526-714-6
2160:Pope Benedict XVI
2134:Hanus, Ladislav.
2103:978-0-8010-3499-2
2081:978-0-268-01661-6
1854:978-1-952826-46-7
1841:978-1-949899-48-1
1828:978-1-952826-46-7
1815:978-1-949899-42-9
1802:978-1-944418-67-0
1789:978-1-944418-99-1
1776:978-1-944418-84-7
1763:978-1-949899-29-0
1750:978-1-5088-3208-9
1731:978-1-4325-5430-9
1718:978-0-918477-64-4
1705:978-0-918477-77-4
1692:978-0-8245-1777-9
1675:978-0-89526-714-6
1660:978-0-918477-21-7
1647:978-1-882926-23-7
1601:Flannery O'Connor
1518:Pope Benedict XVI
1426:
1425:
1359:
1358:
1244:Garrigou-Lagrange
553:Divine Attributes
311:Guardini died in
250:Dogmatic Theology
146:
145:
4545:
4465:
4464:
4463:
4453:
4452:
4441:
4440:
4439:
4429:
4428:
4427:
4420:
4402:
4401:
4243:Emmanuel Mounier
4238:Bernard Lonergan
4163:Georges Bernanos
4148:Jacques Maritain
4128:G. K. Chesterton
4017:Henri Lacordaire
3916:Cornelius Jansen
3911:François Fénelon
3841:Francis de Sales
3831:Francisco Suárez
3702:Nicholas of Cusa
3586:Siger of Brabant
3571:Boetius of Dacia
3551:Anthony of Padua
3496:Joachim of Fiore
3476:Gregory of Narek
3463:High Middle Ages
3408:John of Damascus
3300:Gregory of Nyssa
3038:
3031:
3024:
3015:
2999:
2998:
2989:
2988:
2979:
2978:
2969:
2968:
2952:
2951:
2950:
2940:
2939:
2812:Desmond Williams
2718:Mont César Abbey
2708:Beuron Archabbey
2576:Alexandre Fleury
2556:Annibale Bugnini
2495:Adrian Fortescue
2485:Lambert Beauduin
2450:
2358:Catholic liturgy
2337:
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2289:Internet Archive
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2069:
2063:
2062:
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2058:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2015:
2009:
1994:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1963:
1589:Guardini's book
1514:Joseph Ratzinger
1502:Heinrich Getzeny
1418:
1411:
1404:
1387:
1386:
1385:
1375:
1374:
764:John of Damascus
672:
502:Moderate realism
410:Cardinal virtues
382:
381:
377:
374:
373:
369:
366:
365:
341:
334:
208:Beuron Archabbey
111:
98:Kingdom of Italy
90:17 February 1885
89:
87:
71:Personal details
43:Guardini in 1920
41:
21:
4553:
4552:
4548:
4547:
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4544:
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4425:
4423:
4415:
4413:
4408:
4396:
4388:
4369:Jean-Luc Marion
4307:
4258:Marcel Lefebvre
4183:Romano Guardini
4138:Joseph Maréchal
4116:
4107:Maurice Blondel
4002:Antonio Rosmini
3997:Luigi Taparelli
3975:
3901:Louis Thomassin
3876:Pierre Gassendi
3859:
3855:
3845:
3796:Teresa of Ávila
3734:
3730:
3721:
3707:Marsilio Ficino
3697:Thomas à Kempis
3687:Devotio Moderna
3660:Johannes Tauler
3655:Meister Eckhart
3625:Dante Alighieri
3600:
3566:Albertus Magnus
3457:
3364:
3310:John Chrysostom
3238:
3234:
3224:
3137:Clement of Rome
3118:
3056:
3047:
3042:
3012:
3007:
2948:
2946:
2934:
2926:
2922:Paschal mystery
2854:
2821:
2785:
2743:
2737:
2713:Maredsous Abbey
2695:
2685:
2676:Johannes Wagner
2626:Giacomo Lercaro
2591:Pierre-Marie Gy
2581:Romano Guardini
2529:
2505:Gaspar Lefebvre
2480:Pierre Batiffol
2470:Columba Marmion
2441:
2424:Mass of Paul VI
2405:Mass of Paul VI
2385:Gregorian chant
2346:
2341:
2301:Wayback Machine
2294:Romano Guardini
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2237:Further reading
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2016:
2012:
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1974:
1965:
1964:
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1950:
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1833:The Last Things
1609:
1475:First World War
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1393:
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998:
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808:
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678:
669:
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658:
566:
558:
557:
487:
477:
476:
450:Social teaching
405:
395:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
321:
313:Munich, Bavaria
169:
153:Catholic priest
149:Romano Guardini
139:
113:
109:
100:
91:
85:
83:
82:
81:
62:
44:
32:
31:Romano Guardini
29:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4551:
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4315:
4313:
4309:
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4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4198:Henri de Lubac
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4173:Gabriel Marcel
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4153:Étienne Gilson
4150:
4145:
4140:
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4130:
4124:
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4115:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4102:George Tyrrell
4099:
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4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4062:Émile Boutroux
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4042:Giuseppe Pecci
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
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3999:
3994:
3989:
3983:
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3933:
3928:
3923:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3891:António Vieira
3888:
3883:
3881:René Descartes
3878:
3873:
3868:
3862:
3860:
3852:Baroque period
3850:
3847:
3846:
3844:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3816:Luis de Molina
3813:
3811:Peter Canisius
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3791:Francis Xavier
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3746:Thomas Cajetan
3743:
3737:
3735:
3726:
3723:
3722:
3720:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3677:Heinrich Seuse
3674:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3611:
3609:
3602:
3601:
3599:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3581:Thomas Aquinas
3578:
3576:Henry of Ghent
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3521:Anselm of Laon
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3467:
3465:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3443:Rabanus Maurus
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3374:
3372:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3362:
3360:Pope Gregory I
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3241:
3239:
3236:Pope Gregory I
3229:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3168:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3128:
3126:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3111:
3110:
3109:
3107:Biblical canon
3104:
3097:Catholic Bible
3094:
3089:
3088:
3087:
3077:
3076:
3075:
3064:
3062:
3058:
3057:
3052:
3049:
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3026:
3018:
3009:
3008:
3006:
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3003:
2993:
2983:
2963:
2957:
2956:
2944:
2931:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2868:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2852:
2847:
2844:Versus populum
2840:
2838:People's altar
2835:
2829:
2827:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2817:Austin Winkley
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2797:Francis Pollen
2793:
2791:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2776:
2769:
2762:
2759:Quam singulari
2755:
2747:
2745:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2703:Solesmes Abbey
2699:
2697:
2696:establishments
2691:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2684:
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2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2651:Mario Righetti
2648:
2646:H. A. Reinhold
2643:
2641:Johannes Pinsk
2638:
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2475:Fernand Cabrol
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2270:External links
2268:
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2264:978-1684514496
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2225:978-0374521042
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1634:978-1685951139
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1621:978-1685952259
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1567:Vekoslav Grmič
1547:Iring Fetscher
1506:Rudolf Schwarz
1494:Luigi Giussani
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329:Servant of God
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112:(aged 83)
108:1 October 1968
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4379:Aidan Nichols
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4359:Michał Heller
4357:
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4349:Walter Kasper
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4310:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4278:Thomas Merton
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4248:Jean Daniélou
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4125:
4123:
4119:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3987:Joseph Görres
3985:
3984:
3982:
3978:
3972:
3971:Bruno Lanteri
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3926:Blaise Pascal
3924:
3921:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3821:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3786:John of Ávila
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3729:
3724:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3672:
3668:
3666:
3665:Walter Hilton
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3635:Richard Rolle
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3603:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3516:Peter Lombard
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3501:Peter Abelard
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3466:
3464:
3460:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3393:Monothelitism
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3383:John Climacus
3381:
3379:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3371:
3367:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3270:Monophysitism
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3184:
3183:Justin Martyr
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3173:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3149:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3125:
3121:
3115:
3112:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3099:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3086:
3085:Papal primacy
3083:
3082:
3081:
3078:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3069:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3050:
3046:
3039:
3034:
3032:
3027:
3025:
3020:
3019:
3016:
3002:
2994:
2992:
2984:
2982:
2974:
2973:
2972:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2958:
2955:
2945:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2932:
2929:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2857:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2833:Dialogue mass
2831:
2830:
2828:
2824:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2807:Gerard Goalen
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2740:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2692:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2631:Adrien Nocent
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2621:Pierre Jounel
2619:
2617:
2616:Ronald Jasper
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2571:Paul Doncoeur
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2510:Edmund Bishop
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2451:
2448:
2444:
2438:
2436:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2370:
2366:
2363:
2359:
2356:
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2353:
2349:
2345:
2338:
2333:
2331:
2326:
2324:
2319:
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2315:
2308:
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2302:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2227:
2221:
2217:
2210:
2207:
2191:
2184:
2183:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2144:80-7114-124-0
2141:
2137:
2131:
2128:
2123:
2122:"Open Letter"
2116:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2099:
2095:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2068:
2065:
2053:
2049:
2042:
2039:
2027:
2026:
2021:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2007:9781568541068
2004:
2001:
1999:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1972:
1968:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1947:
1943:
1942:3-506-74559-X
1939:
1935:
1934:3-7867-2129-7
1931:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1919:O. F. Bollnow
1916:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:Dante-Studien
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1859:
1855:
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1821:
1818:
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1812:
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1779:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1742:Sacred Signs.
1740:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1698:
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1663:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1644:
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1637:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1597:Henry Regnery
1594:
1593:
1587:
1585:
1584:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1559:Edvard Kocbek
1557:, among whom
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1543:Hannah Arendt
1540:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1467:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1428:
1419:
1414:
1412:
1407:
1405:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1390:
1380:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1364:
1350:
1347:
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1337:
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1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
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1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
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1290:
1287:
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1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
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1262:
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1257:
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1227:
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1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
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1192:
1191:
1184:
1183:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
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1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1049:Chateaubriand
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1001:
994:
993:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
914:Gundissalinus
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
811:
804:
803:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
681:
674:
673:
668:
663:
662:
653:
650:
648:
645:
644:
643:
640:
638:
635:
631:
628:
626:
623:
622:
621:
620:Scholasticism
618:
616:
613:
611:
610:Ressourcement
608:
606:
603:
599:
596:
595:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
577:
574:
573:
572:
569:
568:
562:
561:
554:
551:
547:
546:Compatibilism
544:
542:
539:
538:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
521:
517:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
492:Conceptualism
490:
489:
486:
481:
480:
473:
470:
468:
467:Virtue ethics
465:
463:
460:
456:
453:
452:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
407:
404:
399:
398:
394:
390:
386:
361:
360:
357:
353:
349:
345:
344:
340:
336:
335:
332:
330:
326:
318:
316:
314:
309:
307:
303:
301:
297:
296:Erasmus Prize
293:
289:
284:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
261:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
230:
226:
224:
220:
216:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
188:
186:
182:
178:
174:
166:
164:
162:
158:
154:
150:
142:
138:
135:
131:
128:German (1911)
127:
123:
120:
116:
107:
103:
99:
95:
78:
74:
69:
66:
60:
57:28 May 1910 (
56:
52:
47:
40:
35:
27:
22:
19:
4364:Peter Kreeft
4312:21st century
4303:Henri Nouwen
4213:Jean Guitton
4193:Fulton Sheen
4182:
4121:20th century
4022:Jaime Balmes
3980:19th century
3801:Luis de León
3682:Geert Groote
3669:
3486:Peter Damian
3325:John Cassian
3265:Nestorianism
3187:
3170:
3163:
3146:
3124:Early Church
2870:
2842:
2790:Architecture
2780:Mediator Dei
2778:
2771:
2764:
2757:
2750:
2694:Benedictine-
2596:Anton Hänggi
2580:
2551:Louis Bouyer
2541:Augustin Bea
2434:
2417:
2409:
2367:
2255:
2242:
2215:
2209:
2197:. Retrieved
2190:the original
2181:
2174:
2156:Introduction
2155:
2150:
2135:
2130:
2093:
2087:
2072:
2067:
2055:. Retrieved
2051:
2041:
2029:. Retrieved
2023:
2013:
1997:
1975:. Retrieved
1970:
1893:
1860:Bibliography
1845:
1832:
1819:
1806:
1793:
1780:
1767:
1754:
1741:
1735:
1722:
1709:
1696:
1683:
1664:
1651:
1638:
1625:
1612:
1590:
1588:
1581:
1579:
1536:
1529:
1526:Pope Francis
1490:Josef Pieper
1487:
1470:
1468:
1432:
1289:John Paul II
1273:
1214:Benedict XVI
1187:Contemporary
667:Philosophers
588:Cartesianism
531:Quinque Viae
322:
310:
306:Pope Paul VI
304:
285:
281:Josef Weiger
262:
246:Habilitation
235:
189:
170:
148:
147:
119:West Germany
110:(1968-10-01)
18:
4503:1968 deaths
4498:1885 births
4455:Catholicism
4374:Tomáš Halík
4298:Jean Vanier
4283:René Girard
4268:Alfred Delp
4233:Yves Congar
4228:Karl Rahner
4203:Dorothy Day
4188:Edith Stein
4158:Ronald Knox
3756:John Fisher
3751:Thomas More
3728:Reformation
3620:Duns Scotus
3615:Ramon Llull
3608:and reforms
3596:Roger Bacon
3561:Bonaventure
3471:Roscellinus
3260:Pelagianism
3231:Constantine
3054:Key figures
3001:WikiProject
2866:Amay Priory
2666:Max Thurian
2636:Pius Parsch
2515:Adrien Gréa
2465:Pope Pius X
2199:8 September
2031:21 December
1571:Boris Pahor
1563:Pino Mlakar
1538:Laudato si'
1510:Jean Gebser
1456:Kierkegaard
1104:Malebranche
964:Roscellinus
909:Grosseteste
869:Bonaventure
689:Athenagoras
485:Metaphysics
445:Personalism
440:Natural law
435:Probabilism
258:St. Peter's
242:Bonaventure
212:Benedictine
157:philosopher
125:Nationality
4477:Categories
4384:Scott Hahn
3761:Johann Eck
3413:Iconoclasm
3345:Pope Leo I
3205:Tertullian
1977:5 February
1948:References
1534:encyclical
1460:Dostoevsky
1284:Hildebrand
1224:Chesterton
1089:La Mennais
1019:Bellarmine
1014:Azpilcueta
959:Paschasius
839:Autrecourt
794:Tertullian
754:Chrysostom
694:Athanasius
576:Victorines
507:Nominalism
415:Just price
319:Veneration
277:Mooshausen
225:in 1910.
161:theologian
86:1885-02-17
54:Ordination
4443:Biography
4288:Hans Küng
4077:Léon Bloy
4067:Modernism
3920:Jansenism
3606:Mysticism
3200:Montanism
2991:Templates
2744:documents
2586:Benno Gut
2566:Odo Casel
2418:Consilium
1464:Nietzsche
1444:Augustine
1304:MacIntyre
1264:Gutiérrez
1234:Copleston
1204:Balthasar
1059:Descartes
919:Hildegard
904:Gregory I
879:Catherine
829:Alexander
779:Dionysius
699:Augustine
652:Salamanca
526:Haecceity
430:Casuistry
133:Education
3820:Molinism
3398:Ecthesis
3350:Boethius
3255:Arianism
3245:Eusebius
3195:Irenaeus
3159:Polycarp
3073:Timeline
2981:Category
2859:See also
2297:Archived
1666:The Lord
1592:The Lord
1551:Slovenia
1436:Socrates
1319:Maritain
1294:Lonergan
1274:Guardini
1199:Anscombe
1174:Caramuel
1084:Krasicki
1079:Kołłątaj
1034:Brentano
894:Eriugena
859:Berengar
807:Medieval
759:Climacus
739:Irenaeus
709:Boethius
704:Benedict
647:Analytic
615:Occamism
605:Molinism
583:Llullism
512:Quiddity
420:Just war
348:a series
346:Part of
192:Tübingen
63:by
4467:Germany
4417:Portals
3741:Erasmus
3591:Thomism
3330:Orosius
3305:Ambrose
3220:Cyprian
3148:Didache
3102:Vulgate
3061:General
2351:General
2287:at the
2057:10 July
1921:), 1956
1524:(later
1520:), and
1516:(later
1329:Mounier
1324:McLuhan
1279:Haldane
1219:Blondel
1169:Vitoria
1144:Rosmini
1119:Mercado
1114:Meinong
1109:Mariana
1099:Maistre
1094:Liguori
1074:Gracián
1069:Fénelon
1064:Erasmus
1044:Cajetan
1029:Bossuet
1004:Arnauld
984:Thierry
939:Lombard
929:Isidore
889:Eckhart
874:Buridan
864:Bernard
844:Aquinas
814:Abelard
774:Maximus
749:Cassian
719:Cyprian
714:Clement
684:Ambrose
677:Ancient
642:Thomism
637:Scotism
565:Schools
516:essence
497:Realism
385:Aquinas
267:at the
252:at the
4431:Saints
3433:Alcuin
3315:Jerome
3210:Origen
2904:&
2826:Issues
2446:People
2437:(1979)
2262:
2249:
2222:
2166:
2142:
2100:
2079:
2005:
1940:
1932:
1852:
1839:
1826:
1813:
1800:
1787:
1774:
1761:
1748:
1729:
1716:
1703:
1690:
1673:
1658:
1645:
1632:
1619:
1452:Pascal
1349:Taylor
1339:Rahner
1334:Pieper
1314:Marion
1309:Marcel
1269:Dávila
1259:Girard
1254:Gilson
1239:Finnis
1229:Congar
1209:Barron
1159:Suárez
1139:Pascal
1134:Newman
1124:Molina
1054:Cortés
1039:Botero
1024:Bonald
997:Modern
979:Symeon
969:Scotus
954:Oresme
949:Ockham
944:Martin
834:Anselm
824:Alcuin
819:Albert
784:Origen
769:Justin
744:Jerome
520:nature
403:Ethics
393:Ockham
391:, and
389:Scotus
376:
368:
215:oblate
200:Berlin
196:Munich
173:Verona
115:Munich
94:Verona
59:Priest
49:Orders
2971:Media
2742:Papal
2534:Later
2453:Early
2193:(PDF)
2186:(PDF)
1607:Works
1448:Dante
1440:Plato
1344:Stein
1299:Lubac
1249:Geach
1194:Adler
1149:Sales
1009:Ávila
974:Siger
934:Llull
899:Giles
849:Bacon
724:Cyril
273:Nazis
248:" in
219:Mainz
181:Mainz
3403:Bede
3132:Paul
2961:Name
2260:ISBN
2247:ISBN
2220:ISBN
2201:2007
2164:ISBN
2140:ISBN
2098:ISBN
2077:ISBN
2059:2022
2052:Crux
2033:2023
2003:ISBN
1979:2023
1938:ISBN
1930:ISBN
1850:ISBN
1837:ISBN
1824:ISBN
1811:ISBN
1798:ISBN
1785:ISBN
1772:ISBN
1759:ISBN
1746:ISBN
1727:ISBN
1714:ISBN
1701:ISBN
1688:ISBN
1671:ISBN
1656:ISBN
1643:ISBN
1630:ISBN
1617:ISBN
1569:and
1545:and
1462:and
1164:Vico
1154:Soto
1129:More
924:Hugh
884:Cusa
854:Bede
789:Paul
198:and
167:Life
159:and
105:Died
76:Born
2278:at
2158:by
1971:NCR
630:Neo
221:by
4479::
3854:to
3233:to
2162:.
2112:^
2050:.
2022:.
1987:^
1969:.
1956:^
1936:/
1577:.
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1561:,
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1500:,
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1458:,
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350:on
331:.
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155:,
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