165:"The trigger mechanism which determined the taking of a photograph and the changing of a photographic film was provided by a suitably modified electric clock which could be arranged to deliver electric impulses at the required intervals. A single impulse from the electric clock was led to a relay switch which closed the electric circuit actuating a small electric motor fitted with a suitable resistance in series for slow running. This motor was fitted with a worm gear and slowly revolved a drum carrying two cam wheels and four projecting arms for making mercury dip contacts. The function of the cam wheels was to pull upon wires running in a flexible spiral wire tube . . . and to actuate at a distance the two photographic shutters, the one for taking the microphotograph and the other for photographing the ."
173:"To record the slow growth of tissue, Dr Canti invented an apparatus that would take pictures at regular and frequent intervals. The camera was automatic, but unhappily it was not always reliable, and Dr Canti fitted an electric bell to it, which warned him whenever it failed to act. Many times during the six years that the film took to make did the bell go off in the early hours of the morning. Indeed, Mrs Canti used to have to help her husband by taking turns in attending to the camera."
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and other types of cells, the growth of tissues, cell-division and immobilization upon exposure to radium were all very clearly evident The film was demonstrated by Dr. C. A. Kofoid, president of the
Pacific division, who had seen it in Europe and obtained it for the meeting. So many wished to see
218:
On
Wednesday afternoon the remarkable motion picture showing activities of living tissues in vitro, prepared by Dr. Ronald G. Canti, of the Cancer Institute and St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, was shown. The periosteum of chick embryos, an amoeba and a sarcoma of the rat were seen with varying
145:
on the use of the microcinematographic apparatus, urged investigators ‘‘who have not yet realized the great possibilities of the motion-picture camera in research laboratories’’ to take it up. In the late 1920s and early 1930s their movie-making moved beyond cell culture; American embryologist
195:, director of the Strangeways Laboratory recalled in the 1950s that she would “never forget the sensation that his film of migration and mitosis created when he showed it” at the 1927 Tenth International Zoological Congress in
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was an early pioneer in the field and used his cinematograph to study the locomotion of fibroblasts and macrophages the technique detailed in Carrel’s technical assistant, Heinz
Rosenberger's methods article in
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Landecker considers that despite relative current obscurity, Canti "did more to legitimise the use of movie making as an experimental tool than any of the more widely known names in early ciné-microscopy."
131:. Canti concluded that "It would appear that the hypothesis of the selective action on the cells of a malignant tumour, has been again substantiated by this method of direct observation.''
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study of developing rabbit eggs, though Canti's film predated his; Lewis visited Ronald Canti in
England in 1927 to study his microcinematographic equipment, then traveled with Canti and
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In 1925 Canti was included in a research group of bacteriologists invited to the
Rockefeller Institute after its discovery of the influenza 'bacterium pneumosintes' in mid-1923.
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The cultivation of living tissue: irradiation of living tissue in vitro by beta and gamma rays ; Dark ground illumination, showing the internal structures of the cell
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Described as "the most outstanding portrayal of the activities of the living cells ever shown In motion pictures." the film was shown not only in
Budapest but at
594:
Triolot, Victor A.; Shimkin, Michael B. (September 1969). "The
American Cancer Society and Cancer Research : Origins and Organization: 1913-1943".
621:"A Symposium on Cancer: Given at an Institute of Cancer conducted by the Medical School of the University of Wisconsin, Sept. 7 to 9, 1936".
538:
241:, survived by his four children and wife Clare Eyles whom he married in 1912, and who nursed him during his extended and fatal illness.
1092:
Landecker, Hannah (2011). "Creeping, Drinking, Dying: The
Cinematic Portal and the Microscopic World of the Twentieth-Century Cell".
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503:"European Scientists To Study "Flu" Here : Foreign Bacteriologists To Be Guests of the Rockefeller Foundation".
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Canti, R. G; Cambridge
Research Hospital (Cambridge, England), St. Bartholomew's Hospital (London, England) (1927).
1055:"The American Association for the Advancement of Science : The Pomona College Meeting of the Pacific Division"
91:
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to
Budapest where, comprehending its impact, assembled his own apparatus the Carnegie Institute for Embryology.
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for 1928, and 1929 Canti was applauded for his research at the Strangeways Laboratory, Cambridge. His film's
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It took Canti six years to produce the complete film, and it involved his inventing novel apparatus;
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Pacific Division with the Southwestern Division and a number of participating societies, held at
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A film demonstrating Canti's research into cell behaviour in real-time and time-lapse :
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Canti, Ronald (1928). "Cinematograph demonstration of living tissue cells growing in vitro".
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British pathologist and bacteriologist known for early micro-cinematography of living cells
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A more candid report of his making the film appeared on the event of Canti's death;
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Canti's work augmented other scientists' investigations of mammalian cell culture;
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Canti died on 7 January 1936, aged 52, at his home The Gables in Wedderburn Road,
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technique vividly illustrated the microscopic behavior of normal and
539:"The Early History of Tissue Culture in Britain: The Interwar Years"
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magnifications and varying rates of 'speeding up.' The behavior of
66:
and undertook the M.B. degree in 1915 proceeding to M.D. in 1919.
18:
658:"The Fundamental Properties of the Fibroblast and the Macrophage"
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there until his death, working under professor of pathology Sir
19:
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the film a second time that it was repeated on Friday morning.
889:"Cancer Research Worker : Death of Dr Ronald G. Canti".
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cells. Irradiation was shown to cause immobilisation and
893:. Hull, Humberside, England. 9 January 1936. p. 10.
835:"Cells on film – the past and future of cinemicroscopy"
923:"Movie of Cancer Cells to be Shown at Davis College".
629:(2). Madison: Univ. of Wisc. Press: 246. August 1938.
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Irradiation of living tissue by beta and gamma rays.
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Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians (LRCP)
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American Association For The Advancement Of Science
788:"Cinematographs of Living Developing Rabbit-Eggs"
518:"Canti Film Demonstrates New Research Methods".
786:Lewis, Warren H.; Gregory, P. W. (1929-02-22).
387:The segmentation of the fertilised rabbit ovum.
206:journal reported on the 12th annual meeting of
330:Cells in tissue culture (normal and abnormal).
214:, 13–16 June 1928 with five hundred attendees;
1149:Cells in tissue culture (normal and abnormal)
8:
275:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
182:Canti's film was enthusiastically received.
833:Stramer, Brian M.; Dunn, Graham A. (2015).
733:"A Standard Microcinematographic Apparatus"
58:in 1911 he qualified for Membership of the
30:M.D. (1883 – 7 January 1936) was a British
1100:(3). Cambridge University Press: 381–416.
656:Carrel, Alexis; Ebeling, Albert H (1926).
375:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
199:,where it was shown on several occasions.
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906:Archiv für experimentelle Zellforschung
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189:, in America, Australia and elsewhere.
116:arrest in suspensions of cells of fowl
94:, who recognised and encouraged Canti.
468:"Obituary : Ronald Canti, M.D.".
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74:Leaving Cambridge Canti was appointed
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287:The effect of irradiation on tissues
50:Born in 1883, Canti was educated at
354:The cultivation of skeletal tissue
82:, and embarked on his career as a
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731:Rosenberger, Heinz (1929-06-28).
411:The cultivation of living tissue.
1053:Vestal, A. G. (5 October 1928).
662:Journal of Experimental Medicine
927:. 27 October 1928. p. 12.
1:
994:Journal of Clinical Pathology
804:10.1126/science.69.1782.226-b
537:Wilson, Duncan (2005-08-01).
507:. 2 January 1925. p. 9.
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757:10.1126/science.69.1800.672
476:(1): 137. 18 January 1936.
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988:Fell, H. B. (1958-11-01).
543:Social History of Medicine
1106:10.1017/S0269889711000160
435:Tissue cultur of gliomata
80:St Bartholomew's Hospital
60:Royal College of Surgeons
56:King's College, Cambridge
945:. 1929-05-16. p. 59
1166:British bacteriologists
970:. 1929-07-11. p. 1
839:Journal of Cell Science
520:A.S.C.C. Campaign Notes
470:British Medical Journal
257:. England: R.G. Canti.
102:A.S.C.C. Campaign Notes
482:10.1136/bmj.1.3915.137
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23:Dr Robert George Canti
990:"The Cell In Culture"
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432:Canti, R. G (1935).
408:Canti, R. G (1933),
384:Canti, R. G (1931),
351:Canti, R. G (1929).
327:Canti, R. G (1927),
303:Canti, R. G (1927),
284:Canti, R. G (1927).
150:published a seminal
88:clinical pathologist
40:micro-cinematography
749:1929Sci....69..672R
505:The Berkshire Eagle
52:Charterhouse School
28:Ronald George Canti
1186:British filmmakers
1094:Science in Context
939:"University Notes"
925:The Sacramento Bee
852:10.1242/jcs.165019
92:Frederick Andrewes
86:. He continued as
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1065:(1762): 328–332.
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100:In issues of the
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1160:Categories
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943:Table Talk
891:Daily Mail
692:4635237863
452:References
425:2022-07-01
420:1157613520
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