310:, which Anselm and Abelard agreed in refuting even after its author's conversion, seems an indisputable application of Roscelin's anti-Realism. He even argues that if the three Divine Persons form but one God, all three have become incarnate. There are therefore three Divine substances, three Gods, as there are three angels, because each substance constitutes an individual, which is the fundamental assertion of anti-Realism. The ideas of the theologian are closely linked with those of the philosopher.
615:
589:
293:
relates of his doctrine agrees with the statements of the master of Compiègne. Universal substances, says Hériman, are but a breath. He merely comments on the saying of Anselm characterized by the same jesting tone, and says that to understand the windy loquacity of
Raimbert of Lille one has but to
281:
Roscellinus was also taken to task by Anselm and
Abelard for the less clear idea which he gave of the whole and of composite substance. According to Anselm, he maintained that colour does not exist independently of the horse which serves as its support and that the wisdom of the soul is not outside
302:
Roscelin considered the three Divine
Persons as three independent beings, like three angels; if usage permitted, he added, it might truly be said that there are three Gods. Otherwise, he continued, God the Father and God the Holy Ghost would have become incarnate with God the Son. To retain the
157:
Roscellinus left for
England, but having made himself unpopular by an attack on the doctrines of Anselm, he left the country and repaired to Rome, where he was well received and became reconciled to the Catholic Church. He then returned to France, taught at
201:, Roscellinus "was the first in our times to institute the theory of words", but the chronicler of the "Historia Francia" mentions before him a "magister Johannes", whose personality is much discussed and who has not yet been definitively identified.
463:
Illi utique dialectici, qui non nisi flatum vocis putant universalis esse substantias, et qui colorem non aliud queunt intellegere quam corpus, nec sapientiam hominis aliud quam animam, prorsus a spiritualium quaestionum disputatione sunt
119:, attracted broad attention. He maintained that the three persons of the Trinity were not referred to as three substances or Gods only by convention, arguing that if they were really one substance then
274:), in conformity with Boethius' definition. Because Roscellinus did not discuss the philosophical concepts of genus and species, he is sometimes considered a pseudo-nominalist, or a
185:
brings forward his name in connection with a text, "Sententia de universalibus secundum magistrum R.", but this is a conjecture. His doctrines are attested by Anselm, Abelard,
282:
of the soul which is wise. Anselm argues that
Roscellinus denies to the whole, such as house, man, real existence of its parts, treating the word alone as having parts.
455:
Fuit autem, nemini magistri nostri
Roscellini tam insana sententia ut nullam rem partibus constare vellet, sed sicut solis vocibus species, ita et partes ascridebat
685:
528:
ita divinam paginam pervertit, ut eo loco quo
Dominus partem piscis assi comedisse partem hujus vocis, quae est piscis assi, non partem rei intelligere cogatur
635:
278:. However, because of his position as the first medieval philosopher to challenge medieval Realism, he has also been invoked as a forefather of modernity.
1388:
1373:
1258:
326:
Roscelin's writings and the council's acts have not survived and we know about them principally through the correspondence and writings of Anselm.
177:
Of his writings there exists only a letter addressed to
Abelard on the Trinity, in which Roscellinus "belittles Abélard and makes merry over his
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630:
1217:
1378:
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170:. He is heard of as late as 1121, when he came forward to oppose Abelard's views on the Trinity. He was also sent a letter by
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either as things or as having no existence. The philosophers described this using terminology drawn from
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mox de generibus et speciebus illud quidem sive subsistent sive in nudis intellectibus posita sint
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to death by the orthodox populace, recanted his beliefs, but later returned to professing them.
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appearance of dogma he admitted that the three Divine
Persons had but one will and power .
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Alius ergo consistit in vocibus, licet haec opinio cum
Roscelino suo fere omnino evanuerit
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120:
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72:. Little is known of his life, and knowledge of his doctrines is mainly derived from
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93:
65:
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1151:
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128:
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96:. As a monk of Compiègne, he was teaching as early as 1087. He had contact with
45:
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108:
49:
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212:
accepted in the early Middle Ages. In accordance with a dichotomy set out by
1273:
1181:
1171:
1141:
307:
285:
Roscellinus was not without his supporters; among them was his contemporary
143:
489:
Nihil enim aliud est prolatio (vocis) quam aeris plectro linguae percussio
1237:
1222:
1207:
1202:
1121:
729:
225:
97:
81:
663:
639:. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 725.
500:
Richard J. Utz, "Medievalism as Modernism: Alfred Andersch's Nominalist
887:
266:
In Roscellinus's theory, the universal is merely an emission of sound (
151:
116:
77:
754:
163:
131:. Roscellinus cited Lanfranc and Anselm in support of this doctrine.
69:
592: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
379:("Notices et extr. de quelques manuscr. lat.", V, Paris, 1892, 224)
620:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
159:
112:
85:
442:
nam cum habeat eorum sententia nihil esse praeter individuum ...
667:
166:(where he had Abelard as a pupil), and finally became canon of
470:, p. 285. Opera Omnia, vol. 1. Ed. F.S. Schmitt, 1938); "
552:"a spiritualium quaestionum disputatione sunt exsufflandi" (
646:
Text-book of Ecclesiastical History by J.C.I. Gieseler,
142:
condemned his interpretation and accused Roscellinus of
389:"primus nostris temporibus sententiam vocum instituit"
174:
in response to his criticisms of the sons of priests.
1246:
1195:
1104:
1095:
1030:
1021:
956:
843:
763:
710:
701:
608:. Vol. 13. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
541:eos de sapientium numero merito esse exsufflandos
111:doctrines, and especially his application to the
228:, referring to such abstract concepts as either
679:
8:
651:, Philadelphia: Carey, Lea, & Blanchard
416:Recueil des hist. des Gaules et de la France
268:
257:
245:
235:
229:
216:, the first medieval philosophers regarded
1101:
1027:
707:
686:
672:
664:
350:
1259:Shahab al-Din Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardi
530:" (Cousin, P. Abaelardi opera, II. 151).
343:
319:
127:would have become incarnate along with
370:. Simon & Schuster, 1945, p. 436.
204:The "sententia vocum" was one of the
7:
1132:Ikhwan al-Safa' (Brethren of Purity)
16:French theologian, c. 1050 – c. 1121
52:, often regarded as the founder of
14:
368:The History of Western Philosophy
240:(words). Nominalists held that:
88:, was afterwards attached to the
1389:12th-century French philosophers
1374:11th-century French philosophers
613:
602:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
587:
740:Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite
398:Monum. German. Histor.: Script.
244:only the individual exists (is
913:Petrus Peregrinus de Maricourt
146:. Roscellinus, out of fear of
1:
1384:11th-century writers in Latin
569:manuque ori admota exsufflans
418:", XII, Paris, 1781, 3, b, c)
23:
644:Cunningham, Francis (1836),
444:" (De gener. et spec., 524).
189:, and an anonymous epigram.
136:council convoked at Soissons
107:Roscellinus's exposition of
1379:11th-century French writers
1407:
648:3rd ed., Vol. II
1326:
1218:Abu l-Barakat al-Baghdadi
1167:Abu Sulayman al-Sijistani
1127:Abu Bakr al-Razi (Rhazes)
1038:Isaac Israeli ben Solomon
598:De Wulf, Maurice (1912).
134:In 1092/1093, however, a
38:Roscellinus Compendiensis
1349:Philosophers of language
1284:Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi
1177:Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen)
1112:Jabir ibn Hayyan (Geber)
64:Roscellinus was born in
1147:Abu Ya'qub al-Sijistani
1142:Al-Farabi (Alpharabius)
825:Dominicus Gundissalinus
800:Richard of Saint Victor
636:Encyclopædia Britannica
294:breathe into his hand.
33:), better known by his
1330:Renaissance philosophy
1304:Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi
1289:Athir al-Din al-Abhari
506:Studies in Medievalism
461:, ed. Cousin, 471); "
355:p. 312, n. 6
269:
258:
246:
236:
230:
1364:People from Compiègne
1228:Ayn al-Quzat Hamadani
1223:Ibn Bajjah (Avempace)
695:Medieval philosophers
605:Catholic Encyclopedia
468:De Incarnatione Verbi
298:Tritheism of Roscelin
210:problem of universals
90:cathedral of Chartres
20:Roscelin of Compiègne
1294:Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
1264:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
1238:Ibn Rushd (Averroes)
1213:Al-Ghazali (Algazel)
928:Godfrey of Fontaines
830:Gilbert de la Porrée
795:Hugh of Saint Victor
780:Anselm of Canterbury
750:John Scotus Eriugena
517:(De fide trinit., 2)
474:(John of Salisbury,
306:This characteristic
289:, and what the monk
92:and became canon of
1369:French male writers
1203:Ibn Sina (Avicenna)
1122:Al-Kindi (Alkindus)
1048:Solomon ibn Gabirol
969:Marsilius of Inghen
820:Bernard of Chartres
502:Littérature engageé
393:Gesta Friderici imp
366:Russell, Bertrand.
172:Theobald of Étampes
140:archbishop of Reims
102:St. Ivo of Chartres
1004:Lambertus de Monte
984:Francesc Eiximenis
853:Robert Grosseteste
815:Alexander of Hales
745:Isidore of Seville
725:Augustine of Hippo
256:are merely words (
199:Otto of Freisingen
1336:
1335:
1322:
1321:
1091:
1090:
1017:
1016:
948:William of Ockham
351:Cunningham (1836)
287:Raimbert of Lille
208:solutions of the
187:John of Salisbury
1396:
1102:
1058:Abraham ibn Daud
1028:
989:Nicholas of Cusa
979:Albert of Saxony
908:Boetius of Dacia
903:Siger of Brabant
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681:
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573:Mon. Germ. Hist.
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508:6 (1993), 76–90.
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276:moderate realist
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80:. He studied at
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1137:Matta ibn Yunus
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943:Petrus Aureolus
918:Meister Eckhart
863:Albertus Magnus
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629:, ed. (1911). "
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121:God the Father
100:, Anselm, and
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1359:1120s deaths
1354:1050s births
1309:Ibn Taymiyya
1299:Ibn al-Nafis
1053:Judah Halevi
964:Jean Buridan
893:John Peckham
858:Michael Scot
804:
657: &
655:(in English)
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582:Bibliography
575:", XIV, 275)
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458:
457:" (Abelard,
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234:(things) or
206:anti-realist
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133:
106:
63:
41:
37:
19:
18:
1314:Ibn Khaldun
1152:Ibn Masarra
1083:Joseph Albo
1068:Nachmanides
1043:Saadia Gaon
1009:John Hennon
933:Duns Scotus
898:Ramon Llull
878:Bonaventure
873:Roger Bacon
735:Cassiodorus
631:Roscellinus
466:" (Anselm,
129:God the Son
125:Holy Spirit
46:philosopher
31: 1121
27: 1050
1343:Categories
1279:al-Qazwini
1254:Ibn Sab'in
1233:Ibn Tufayl
1187:al-Kirmani
1073:Gersonides
1063:Maimonides
659:(in Latin)
600:"Roscelin"
478:, II, 17).
401:, XX, 376)
334:References
254:universals
193:Nominalism
179:castration
164:Loc-menach
109:Nominalist
54:nominalism
50:theologian
29: – c.
1328:See also
1274:Ibn Arabi
1182:al-Biruni
1172:Miskawayh
1117:al-Nazzam
703:Christian
339:Citations
308:tritheism
150:and even
144:tritheism
94:Compiègne
66:Compiègne
60:Biography
42:Rucelinus
1208:Ibn Hazm
1162:Al-Amiri
1031:Medieval
938:Durandus
805:Roscelin
730:Boethius
476:Metalog.
226:Boethius
214:Porphyry
168:Besançon
123:and the
98:Lanfranc
82:Soissons
1097:Islamic
888:Vitello
846:century
844:13–14th
766:century
764:11–12th
624::
596::
558:, 256a)
412:Bouquet
291:Hériman
222:species
183:Hauréau
152:stoning
138:by the
117:Trinity
115:of the
78:Abelard
1023:Jewish
755:Alcuin
618:
218:genera
74:Anselm
70:France
1105:Early
711:Early
410:(cf.
395:. in
314:Notes
259:voces
237:voces
160:Tours
113:dogma
86:Reims
1247:Late
1196:High
957:Late
555:P.L.
220:and
162:and
84:and
76:and
48:and
633:".
504:,"
414:, "
247:res
231:res
181:."
40:or
1345::
653:.
353:,
262:).
250:);
104:.
68:,
56:.
24:c.
776:"
772:"
721:"
717:"
687:e
680:t
673:v
571:"
567:(
543:"
539:"
526:"
491:"
487:"
453:"
440:"
431:)
427:(
391:(
357:.
22:(
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