245:
456:
167:
Rosette's parents decided to send her to one of her cousins who lived in Geneva and could host her. During World War II, Geneva was the transit town for 42 percent of new refugees who sought refuge in
Switzerland. The official policy was to limit the tide of incoming refugees in Switzerland. As of 13
283:
Beginning on 19 December 1942, a police ruling stipulated that any given person admitted temporarily and behaving incorrectly could be taken to the border and expelled. On 13 October, the
Colonel Chenevière gave the order to expel Rosette Wolczak to the border, and the First Lieutenant Daniel Odier
270:
Rosette was caught in a dormitory lying on straw with a young French soldier who had escaped from
Germany. The Swiss soldier who found them made a report; during the questioning, Rosette revealed that she had been abused by another man. The man in question then indicated that Rosette had had sexual
256:
Rosette
Wolczak was a minor upon her arrival in Geneva, so she received a temporary authorisation to stay in Switzerland. She was sent to the transit camp of Plantaporrêts, when she had to wait to pass under the responsibility of the federal department of justice and police. She was obliged to give
252:
The
Cropette screening center was located in a primary school used as a shelter center for clandestine refugees arriving in Switzerland during World War II. Forty-two percent of the Jewish refugees seeking asylum in Switzerland transited through Geneva in 1943. The cantonal archives indicate that
177:
Youth
Movement with a smuggler named Bella Wending, presenting herself under a false identity. Rosette's father had also in the past participated in the conveying of Jewish children and knew the network. There were three main networks attempting to smuggle so-called non-expellable refugees at the
240:
and then transferred to the
Cropettes screening in Geneva, without her being able to contact her cousin residing in Geneva. She indicated his address on the declaration she made to the authorities in charge of examining her request on 27 September 1943. Her cousin, C. Neufeld, lived at Gaspard
164:, because of the restrictions targeting the Jewish community, and in particular the obligation for any Jew to be registered. The family did not comply to this legal obligation and did not show up at the police station on the Saint Ours road, fleeing in the direction of Lyon instead.
413:
In 2000, Rosette's brother received from the cantonal archives a copy of
Rosette's file. The administrative file is found at the Geneva cantonal archives among the files of more than 20,000 persons arrested between 1942 and the end of the war by the police. Rosette's file number is
377:
Wolczak arrived in
Auschwitz on 23 November 1943. According to deportee testimonials, elderly people and children under 16 years of age were generally gassed upon arrival, as they were considered inept to work. Rosette was gassed to death on the same day as her arrival.
172:
ruling stipulated that persons fleeing for racial reasons could not be considered as political refugees. However, children under 16 years of age could not be repelled at the frontier. Rosette was 15 in 1943. She probably left with the network of the
830:
928:
33:
284:
wrote a note demanding the execution of the sentence as quickly as possible in order to "set an example". Rosette
Wolczak was finally sent away for disciplinary reasons on 16 October 1943.
463:
On Wednesday 27 January 2016, a memorial to the Jewish victims of the Holocaust was unveiled next to the Cropettes primary school in Geneva. This memorial is the first of the kind in
933:
308:
321:
948:
744:
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In 2007, following an inventory work of Jewish children deported during World War II, a memorial was inaugurated in Rosette's school in Paris in the 3rd arrondissement.
938:
943:
838:
640:
386:
Rosette Wolczak's parents were informed of their daughter's arrival in Switzerland on 18 October 1943, a few days after she had been expelled. The family left
714:
406:, an association searching for child refugees in Switzerland, but no answer was forthcoming. On 18 July 1945, Rosette's brother, Nathan, who contacted the
244:
584:
455:
800:
774:
899:
62:
304:, arriving on 26 October 1943. She received the matricule number 7114, and had to give away the 50 francs that she owned at that point.
178:
Franco-Swiss border near Geneva. Approximately 1100 children passed the border with these networks between February 1943 and July 1944.
953:
253:
2526 persons transited there, of which 1622 were Jewish. Among these, 80 were expelled and 17 deported to German concentration camps.
958:
361:
752:
407:
307:
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399:
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with three other refugees. She was arrested on 19 October 1943 and sent by the German border guards to the Pax hotel in
103:
58:
127:
398:, and remained there until the end of the war, protected by the villagers. The Wolczaks returned to Paris after the
467:
according to the CICAD. This initiative was made in conjunction with the publication of a book by Swiss journalist
410:
in Geneva, received a letter informing him of the death of his sister. The family left France for Israel in 1952.
722:
334:, including 640 men, 560 women, and 164 children under eighteen years of age. Wolczak was in the same convoy as
195:
301:
292:
With the 30 francs that were given back to her by the prison authorities, she crossed the frontier at the
593:
364:
666:
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number 62. After the call assembling the deportees at half past six in the morning, the convoy left the
293:
169:
335:
114:
Rosette (Rose) Wolczak was the daughter of Felix Wolczak and Zlata Welner, both Jews originating from
923:
918:
391:
346:
138:
808:
237:
99:
149:
98:, Switzerland, in 1943 as a refugee, and was expelled for what the Swiss authorities ruled to be
447:", a reference to the number of Rosette's administrative file in the Geneva cantonal archives.
369:
360:. Nineteen young Jews were able to escape from the train by jumping off, among them the future
895:
468:
226:
126:, followed several years after by Nathan. They lived at the 19th Pont-aux-Choux road, in the
351:
861:
130:. Rosette's father was involved in worker's trade unions and in a Jewish political party.
719:
Avis de musiques, films, jeux video, BD, livres et séries TV à découvrir sur SensCritique
340:
641:"Shoah : Rosette Wolczak 15 ans pensait être sauvée en ayant franchie la frontière"
443:
to adapt Rosette's story for the theater in 2012. His work is archived under the tag "
912:
387:
272:
143:
122:
and poverty. He married Zlata Welner in October 1925 and Rosette was born in 1928 in
91:
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following the takeover of the region by the Germans. They established themselves at
115:
248:
Arrest report of Rosette Wolczak by Swiss border guard of the Geneva canton in 1943
222:
199:
119:
156:, where a large concentration of Jews resided. In 1941, the family left Paris for
613:
464:
257:
away the 30 francs she had to the authorities, and to comply with strict rules.
275:. She was arrested for indecent behavior and sent to the Saint Antoine Prison.
271:
relations with four military guards during the Jewish New Year celebration of
231:
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32:
297:
153:
206:. A smuggler took them to cross the wired fences between the villages of
187:
327:
216:
211:
174:
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Les Justes Suisses, des actes de courage méconnus au temps de la Shoah
395:
191:
95:
545:
454:
306:
243:
207:
134:
123:
118:, Poland. Felix Wolczak's father emigrated from Poland because of
90:(19 March 1928 – 23 November 1943) was a Jewish child murdered in
157:
402:
and started looking for their daughter. A letter was sent to
592:(in French) (CICAD ed.). Geneva: Dodis.ch. Archived from
550:
Independent Commission of Experts Switzerland – World War II
715:"Serons-nous vivantes le 2 janvier 1950? – Françoise Verny"
608:
606:
492:
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488:
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Receipt given to Rosette Wolczak to the Drancy authorities
106:, where she was gassed upon her arrival in November 1943.
697:
695:
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315:
She was deported to Auschwitz on 20 November 1943 in the
194:, leaving this town on 24 September 1943. She arrived in
929:
French people who died in Auschwitz concentration camp
133:
Rosette became French in 1933. She went to school in
775:"A Paris, une stèle pour les enfants juifs déportés"
404:
Comité Suisse de recherche des enfants sans adresse
77:
69:
47:
39:
23:
459:Memorial at the Cropette primary school in Geneva
394:, located 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) away from
831:"27 janvier 2016 Une mémoire toujours vivante"
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658:
441:Foundation for the memory of the Shoah victims
934:Children who died in Nazi concentration camps
8:
701:
570:
532:
520:
508:
496:
31:
20:
949:Jewish children who died in the Holocaust
721:(in French). 7 March 2013. Archived from
416:CH.AEG Justice et police. Ef/2-041-No4928
300:. From there, she was transferred to the
236:. She was taken to the police station in
894:(in French). Genève: Éditions Slatkine.
667:"Les cropettes, nouveau lieu de mémoire"
801:"Fondation pour la Mémoire de la Shoah"
484:
439:Michel Beretti received funds from the
358:Serons-nous vivantes le 2 janvier 1950?
939:French people of Polish-Jewish descent
94:. Born in France in 1928, she came to
944:French Jews who died in the Holocaust
805:Fondation pour la Mémoire de la Shoah
471:recalling Rosette Wolczak's history.
330:station at eleven-fifty, taking away
7:
202:by coach, this village being in the
137:, first at the girls primary school
16:Jewish child victim of the Holocaust
639:Zadok, Nathalie (28 January 2016).
665:Bach, Philippe (28 January 2016).
221:. Rosette was arrested by a Swiss
14:
225:, who wrote an arrest report in
241:Valette Avenue, 10, in Geneva.
279:Expulsion to the French border
266:Arrest for "indecent behavior"
1:
860:Bleu, Léman (15 July 2014).
781:(in French). 27 October 2007
614:"Michel Beretti : 4928"
427:Montmorency school in Paris
104:Auschwitz concentration camp
890:Torracinta, Claude (2016).
837:(in French). Archived from
807:(in French). Archived from
751:(in French). Archived from
128:3rd arrondissement of Paris
975:
451:Cropettes school in Geneva
954:20th-century French women
356:commemorates in the book
30:
618:Michel Beretti, écrivain
261:Deportation to Auschwitz
196:Saint-Julien-en-Genevois
959:Child murder in Germany
892:Rosette, pour l'exemple
418:and contains 30 pages.
745:"Mémorial de la Shoah"
460:
382:Fate of family members
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302:Drancy internment camp
288:Arrest and deportation
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102:. She was sent to the
88:Rosette "Rose" Wolczak
63:German-occupied Poland
866:Léman Bleu Télévision
458:
310:
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186:Rosette Wolczak left
170:Swiss Federal Council
749:Mémorial de la shoah
400:liberation of France
841:on 14 February 2016
599:on 1 November 2014.
365:Jean Cahen-Salvador
583:Wisard, François.
461:
435:Theater adaptation
332:1 200 persons
317:deportation convoy
313:
294:Moulin de la Grave
250:
160:, situated in the
150:rue de Montmorency
59:Auschwitz-Birkenau
901:978-2-8321-0717-1
469:Claude Torracinta
392:Villette-d'Anthon
362:Conseiller d'état
182:Arrival in Geneva
100:indecent behavior
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862:"Genève à Chaud"
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78:Other names
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51:23 November 1943
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55:(aged 15)
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43:19 March 1928
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29:
22:
19:
891:
870:. Retrieved
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843:. Retrieved
839:the original
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813:. Retrieved
809:the original
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795:
783:. Retrieved
778:
769:
757:. Retrieved
753:the original
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739:
727:. Retrieved
723:the original
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674:. Retrieved
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645:. Retrieved
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622:. Retrieved
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594:the original
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445:4928 project
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223:border-guide
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200:Haute-Savoie
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120:antisemitism
113:
87:
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81:Rose Wolczak
53:(1943-11-23)
18:
924:1943 deaths
919:1928 births
868:(in French)
671:Le Courrier
620:(in French)
465:Switzerland
368: [
350: [
339: [
320: [
230: [
215: [
142: [
70:Nationality
913:Categories
643:. Alliance
475:References
204:zone libre
162:zone libre
110:Early life
422:Memorials
298:Annemasse
154:Le Marais
227:Sézenove
190:to join
188:Grenoble
884:Sources
345:, whom
328:Bobigny
212:Certoux
175:Zionist
898:
872:21 May
845:21 May
815:21 May
785:21 May
759:21 May
729:21 May
676:25 May
647:25 May
624:21 May
556:25 May
396:Voiron
238:Bernex
192:Annecy
96:Geneva
73:French
835:Cicad
597:(PDF)
590:(PDF)
552:. ICE
546:"ICE"
480:Notes
372:]
354:]
343:]
324:]
234:]
219:]
208:Soral
146:]
135:Paris
124:Paris
896:ISBN
874:2016
847:2016
817:2016
787:2016
761:2016
731:2016
678:2016
649:2016
626:2016
558:2016
210:and
198:in
158:Lyon
116:Łódź
48:Died
40:Born
408:OSE
915::
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777:.
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686:^
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374:.
370:fr
352:fr
341:fr
322:fr
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217:fr
144:fr
61:,
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
