448:, which resulted in the peaceful occupation of the computer centre as negotiations took place between the administration and the student leadership. However, once an agreement was reached, the riot police infiltrated the occupation, escalating the matter into a violent conflict and fire, resulting in mayhem and destruction of the computer centre. Douglas, who was not present at the time of the conflict, maintained that the fire was set by agent provocateurs, but was identified as the ring leader and charged with mischief. He served 18 months in prison before being deported in hand cuffs and leg irons, vowing that he would only return as "Prime Minister of my own country".
503:. In Douglas's view, there was nothing extremist about his activities, centred as they were on defeating despots and freeing Nelson Mandela, who was steadfastly supported by the Gaddafi regime. “All Dominicans supported the freedom of Mandela,” he says. “And the freedom of Mandela wasn't a cakewalk on a Sunday morning - it was a revolutionary struggle in which people fought, died, and killed.” Douglas, in his capacity as Executive Chairman of the World Mathaba, was also part of a negotiating team seeking an Iraqi withdrawal from Kuwait to avert the
1338:
455:. According to Douglas, "I learned a lot about injustices in Canadian society when I went to jail...The truth is that I didn't become committed to the fight for equality in Dominica. I became committed to the movement in Canada." Upon his release from prison Douglas, who had embarked on a cross Canada black unity tour building solidarity with native Canadians, was placed under RCMP surveillance as revealed by the
25:
488:
projects for the town of
Portsmouth. In a press statement in 1984 Douglas wrote: "Attempts to build relations exclusively with Taiwan as is the case with the Government of the Commonwealth of Dominica is shortsighted, reactionary, and not in keeping with current political and economic relations on the world".
583:
True to his promise, in May 2000 Douglas returned to Canada on an official state visit as the Prime
Minister of Dominica, holding bilateral talks with his Canadian counterparts. He was quoted in the Canadian press at the time as stating: "Yes, I feel the sacrifice was worth it," referring to his time
587:
As Prime
Minister Douglas set out on an ambitious agenda of establishing transforming Dominica into a high-income economy. He signed a US$ 300 million MOU with the Chinese for the building of an international airport, sought to establish a special relationship with the European Union with Dominica
487:
securing hundreds of scholarships for
Dominican students. Through his Dominica/China Friendship Association, Douglas led Dominica's first diplomatic mission to China in 1984 along with then Portsmouth mayor Renwick Jean Pierre securing a commitment from the Chinese Government of US$ 1 million for
511:
two days before the war really began, on probably the last flight out. They had first imposed sanctions in August 1990. So even at that time, children were already dying because of a lack of medicines. I visited hospitals and saw it. And that was six months into the sanctions and before the war
600:
and other social democratic parties in
Scandinavia, Italy and Portugal. Douglas also sought increased development spending from Canada, Swedish assistance in transforming Dominica into an information technology centre, foreign direct investment in eco-tourism and medical tourism, and increased
512:
actually began. So you can imagine how after five years, with a tightening of those sanctions, the children of Iraq are suffering. All children have a right to a decent life, all children have the right to benefit from the fruits and resources of their country. What is good for the children of
432:. Meanwhile, he had developed strong leadership credentials in the Tory party, served as president of the Association of British West Indian Students, and was serving as Vice President of the Verdun Cricket Club. He emerged as the media-savvy leader of what has come to be known as the
373:, and visited Nova Scotia's black communities in the 1960s. The impoverished conditions of black people there affected him to the point he decided "there and then" that he would devote his life to improving the lot of black people around the world. By the late 1960s, after hearing
548:, helping to pave the way for Dominica to become an independent nation in 1978. After serving as a senator in the post-independence government, Douglas won the election for his Paix Bouche constituency, becoming an MP in 1985. He served as the International Secretary of the
306:
Rosie
Douglas was the son of the late Robert Bernard Douglas, a wealthy businessman, coconut farmer, and conservative politician who named his boys after world statesmen (he had brothers named Eisenhower, Attlee, and Adenauer). He was schooled in Dominica's capital,
332:. Mr. Diefenbaker was able to assist Douglas, aged 18 at the time, and sent local MP Bruce Robinson to collect him at the airport. Douglas became involved in politics as a member of the young Conservative Party of Canada, under the guidance of the right honourable
348:
While attending Sir George
Williams, Douglas, who worked as a teachers assistant in the Political Science Department, became President of the Conservative Student Union becoming friends with Canadian political leaders including
357:. Douglas used his platform within the Tory Party to advocate on behalf of Caribbean women who came to Canada under the domestic scheme, better housing conditions for blacks living in substandard conditions, particularly in
601:
economic cooperation with Africa. He appealed directly to
African Americans to invest in Dominica, and for the Congressional Black Caucus to lobby for the Caribbean in Washington in same way American Jews did for Israel.
456:
365:, equal employment opportunities for blacks in Canada, and addressing racism in Canada as part of the Tories' national platform. However, Douglas left the conservatives when national student leader
660:. Douglas, as the only Caribbean Mathaba leader, sought greater connections between Caribbean, African, and African-American groups to confront global political and economic challenges.
491:
Douglas also became the
Executive Chairman of the Libyan-based World Mathaba, a group that trained and advised guerrilla resistance movements worldwide. In this capacity he persuaded
404:, organized The Montreal Congress of Black Writers. This group featured renowned black economists, scholars, and activists from around the world, including Guyanese Pan-Africanist
1576:
1459:
1611:
1581:
1601:
1561:
1182:
888:
1596:
620:
for the reconvening for the World
Mathaba. Among the leaders addressing the conference in Tripoli in addition to Douglas were President of Zimbabwe
254:
328:
After growing frustrated with the bureaucratic delays in obtaining his visa to enter Canada, he made a phone call to then Canadian Prime Minister,
1452:
1305:
369:
refused to address the issue of racism on a national level. His political views also changed radically when he went to live on Indian reserves in
861:
1571:
544:
Back at home, in his native Dominica, Douglas launched the Popular independence Committee which agitated for full political independence from
495:
to begin negotiations with the British for the trial of suspects in the Lockerbie bombing, and supported anti-apartheid movements such as the
1404:
1296:
1266:
790:
663:
180:
1606:
1566:
428:
When black students began to protest racism at Sir George Williams University, Douglas had by then had moved on to his master's program at
385:, Douglas had become an active supporter of the civil rights movement taking place in the United States, befriending the likes of King and
911:
982:
451:
While in prison, Douglas wrote an extensive report on prison reform in Canada, set up literacy classes for prisoners, and wrote the book
1229:
569:
1445:
1586:
108:
1124:
721:
480:
507:. Speaking at the anti-sanctions forum in New York on 20 January 1996, Douglas stated: "I visited Iraq in 1990. In fact, left
441:
337:
271:
46:
42:
89:
700:
61:
1161:
553:
471:
After his deportation, Douglas pursued a broad range of political activity on the world stage getting involved with the
312:
267:
1591:
568:
radical reformers. At the parliamentary elections on 31 January 2000, he led the DLP to victory against the governing
1135:
965:
68:
1256:
433:
295:
135:
35:
1289:
496:
393:
1114:
1075:
839:
760:
75:
336:. Upon completing his studies in agriculture, he moved to Montreal where he enrolled in political science at
472:
212:
463:
signed an order declaring Douglas a dangerous risk to Canada's national security, forcing his deportation.
1322:
1091:
1046:
936:
577:
374:
57:
588:
being sandwiched between two Departments of France, built stronger ties with the British Labour Party of
1355:
1337:
1327:
1142:
549:
382:
242:
637:
1556:
1551:
1282:
865:
605:
228:
679:
794:
354:
1157:
386:
1416:
990:
667:
429:
275:
604:
After only eight months in office, Douglas was found dead on 1 October 2000 in his house in
597:
333:
329:
82:
1485:
1437:
1410:
1389:
1384:
1198:
969:
704:
657:
649:
625:
492:
378:
1205:
1515:
1510:
756:
645:
500:
499:(ANC), which provided critical support to the toppling of apartheid and the freeing of
460:
409:
392:
Douglas, along with community leaders like Vincentian cricketer and political activist
350:
1206:"Remembering Prime Minister Roosevelt "Rosie" Douglas - A True Freedom Fighter !"
1545:
1530:
1525:
1222:
653:
621:
593:
545:
405:
358:
1520:
1499:
1394:
1379:
1360:
1249:
1239:
666:
was named as his successor, but died in office in January 2004, paving the way for
641:
573:
484:
413:
290:(15 October 1941 – 1 October 2000) was a politician and human rights activist from
168:
1274:
1012:
937:"World Mathaba of Libya, which supported liberation movements, plans its future"
633:
417:
397:
362:
156:
24:
1168:"Rosie Douglas : From Activist to Head of State (1978) - the fifth estate"
697:
1492:
629:
589:
437:
401:
262:
1167:
817:
609:
565:
366:
1199:"A Farewell to Our National Hero Prime Minister Roosevelt 'Rosie' Douglas"
962:
1092:"In Celebration of the Life of Tim Hector, Pan Africanist, Revolutionary"
1047:"In Celebration of the Life of Tim Hector, Pan Africanist, Revolutionary"
504:
445:
291:
232:
529:
513:
508:
613:
370:
308:
552:, eventually becoming leader in 1992 after the death of his brother
617:
533:
298:
from February 2000 until his death in office eight months later.
525:
521:
517:
476:
1441:
1278:
1183:"Veil of secrecy on China/Dominica relationship must be lifted"
889:"Veil of secrecy on China/Dominica relationship must be lifted"
457:
Royal Commission of Inquiry into Certain Activities of the RCMP
1036:
Ellsworth Carter, "Dominica Leader Douglas Dies", Mathaba.net.
564:
During his political career, Douglas appealed to the cause of
18:
862:"Some origins of Toronto's Black History Month - Share News"
584:
in jail and deportation from Canada: "I feel exonerated."
1125:"Rosie Douglas, 58, Radical Turned Leader of Dominica"
722:"Rosie Douglas, 58, Radical Turned Leader of Dominica"
670:
to assume the position as Prime Minister of Dominica.
608:. He had returned the day before from state visits to
311:, before being accepted to study agriculture at the
1369:
1345:
1312:
261:
248:
238:
218:
195:
190:
174:
162:
152:
134:
123:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
912:"Former radical, now leader, wants past cleared"
785:
783:
781:
436:of 1969. He, along with future Canadian Senator
1143:"Prime Minister Roosevelt Douglas, 1941 - 2000"
1076:"Montreal's secret history of black radicalism"
840:"Montreal's secret history of black radicalism"
791:"Eric Siblin | Journalism | Politics"
698:"Late Prime Minister of Dominica Rosie Douglas"
467:Return to Dominica and international activities
652:, leader of the Sandinistian Liberation Front
1453:
1290:
8:
1577:Members of the House of Assembly of Dominica
985:Rosie Douglas' death leaves Region in shock
424:Sir George Williams affair and imprisonment
1460:
1446:
1438:
1297:
1283:
1275:
1211:
751:
749:
747:
745:
743:
576:. He formed a coalition with the moderate
120:
148:3 February 2000 – 1 October 2000
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
596:, the German Social Democratic Party of
440:and others led an anti-racism sit-in at
690:
1612:Women government ministers of Dominica
983:"Jamaica Gleaner - Dominica PM dies -
1582:Sir George Williams University alumni
580:and began office on 3 February 2000.
396:, Nova Scotian human rights activist
7:
47:adding citations to reliable sources
816:Gabriel Christian (11 March 2014).
818:"The Funeral of Roosevelt Douglas"
728:. Associated Press. 2 October 2000
459:and in 1976 the Solicitor General
400:, and Antiguan political activist
16:Prime Minister of Dominica in 2000
14:
1602:Prisoners and detainees of Canada
1562:Dominica Labour Party politicians
838:Patrick DeDauw (30 August 2013).
516:is also good for the children of
416:, and Black Panther Party leader
288:Roosevelt Bernard "Rosie" Douglas
1597:Dominica prisoners and detainees
1336:
987:- Monday | October 2, 2000"
23:
1306:Heads of government of Dominica
1261:3 February 2000–1 October 2000
910:John Stackhouse (29 May 2000).
412:, American civil rights leader
34:needs additional citations for
1427:Acting officeholders shown in
592:the French Socialist Party of
481:The People's Republic of China
442:Sir George Williams University
338:Sir George Williams University
272:Sir George Williams University
1:
1572:Foreign ministers of Dominica
1136:"The Legacy of Rosie Douglas"
963:"The Legacy of Rosie Douglas"
887:Sean Douglas (1 April 2014).
313:Ontario Agricultural College
268:Ontario Agricultural College
1607:People deported from Canada
1567:Prime ministers of Dominica
1628:
1257:Prime Minister of Dominica
1115:"Rosie Douglas" (obituary)
475:, building relations with
434:Sir George Williams affair
296:Prime Minister of Dominica
136:Prime Minister of Dominica
1473:
1425:
1334:
1263:
1254:
1246:
1236:
1227:
1219:
1214:
1166:CBC News (6 April 2015).
968:23 September 2015 at the
648:, Nation of Islam Leader
624:, Burkina Faso President
497:African National Congress
394:Alphonso Theodore Roberts
281:
200:Roosevelt Bernard Douglas
186:
141:
130:
1587:McGill University alumni
1230:Leader of the Opposition
255:Progressive-Conservative
473:Socialist International
213:British Leeward Islands
891:. Dominica News Online
578:Dominica Freedom Party
408:, Trinidadian Marxist
375:Martin Luther King Jr.
1468:"The Four Musketeers"
1234:1996–3 February 2000
570:United Workers' Party
550:Dominica Labour Party
536:all over the world."
383:University of Toronto
243:Dominica Labour Party
1208:, 29 September 2020.
1177:– via YouTube.
868:on 27 September 2016
827:– via YouTube.
797:on 17 September 2016
644:, Senegal President
628:, Namibia President
43:improve this article
1215:Government offices
1204:Gabriel Christian,
1197:Gabriel Christian,
1138:, Dominica Academy.
972:, Dominica Academy.
943:. 14 September 2000
680:History of Dominica
640:, Gambia President
1592:Dominica criminals
1129:The New York Times
1094:. 19 November 2002
1053:. 19 November 2002
993:on 19 October 2013
916:The Globe and Mail
842:. Cultmontreal.com
759:(4 October 2000).
726:The New York Times
703:2015-09-23 at the
638:Alpha Oumar Konaré
572:of Prime Minister
387:Stokely Carmichael
1539:
1538:
1435:
1434:
1373:
1349:
1348:(1967–1978)
1316:
1315:(1960–1967)
1273:
1272:
1264:Succeeded by
1237:Succeeded by
1131:, 2 October 2000.
1121:, 5 October 2000.
1013:"www.mathaba.net"
711:, 3 October 2000.
668:Roosevelt Skerrit
636:, Mali President
632:, Chad President
540:National politics
430:McGill University
285:
284:
276:McGill University
119:
118:
111:
93:
1619:
1462:
1455:
1448:
1439:
1371:
1370:Prime ministers
1347:
1340:
1314:
1313:Chief ministers
1299:
1292:
1285:
1276:
1247:Preceded by
1220:Preceded by
1212:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1113:Polly Pattullo,
1103:
1101:
1099:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1078:. 30 August 2013
1063:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1043:
1037:
1034:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1009:
1003:
1002:
1000:
998:
989:. Archived from
979:
973:
959:
953:
952:
950:
948:
933:
927:
926:
924:
922:
907:
901:
900:
898:
896:
884:
878:
877:
875:
873:
864:. Archived from
858:
852:
851:
849:
847:
835:
829:
828:
826:
824:
813:
807:
806:
804:
802:
793:. Archived from
787:
776:
775:
773:
771:
753:
738:
737:
735:
733:
718:
712:
695:
598:Gerhard Schroder
453:Chains or Change
344:Student politics
334:John Diefenbaker
330:John Diefenbaker
225:
209:
207:
191:Personal details
177:
165:
146:
121:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1617:
1616:
1542:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1506:Contemporaries
1486:Ralph Gonsalves
1469:
1466:
1436:
1431:
1421:
1365:
1341:
1332:
1308:
1303:
1269:
1260:
1252:
1242:
1233:
1225:
1201:, 4 April 2020.
1188:
1186:
1181:
1172:
1170:
1165:
1162:Wayback Machine
1147:
1145:
1141:
1110:
1097:
1095:
1090:
1081:
1079:
1074:
1071:
1069:Further reading
1066:
1056:
1054:
1045:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1031:
1021:
1019:
1017:www.mathaba.net
1011:
1010:
1006:
996:
994:
981:
980:
976:
970:Wayback Machine
960:
956:
946:
944:
935:
934:
930:
920:
918:
909:
908:
904:
894:
892:
886:
885:
881:
871:
869:
860:
859:
855:
845:
843:
837:
836:
832:
822:
820:
815:
814:
810:
800:
798:
789:
788:
779:
769:
767:
761:"Rosie Douglas"
757:Pattullo, Polly
755:
754:
741:
731:
729:
720:
719:
715:
705:Wayback Machine
696:
692:
688:
676:
658:Muammar Gaddafi
650:Louis Farrakhan
626:Blaise Compaore
562:
554:Michael Douglas
542:
493:Colonel Gaddafi
469:
426:
379:Massey Lectures
346:
326:
321:
304:
294:. He served as
274:
270:
250:
249:Other political
239:Political party
227:
223:
211:
210:15 October 1941
205:
203:
202:
201:
175:
163:
147:
142:
126:
115:
104:
98:
95:
58:"Rosie Douglas"
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1625:
1623:
1615:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1544:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1516:C. L. R. James
1513:
1511:Maurice Bishop
1504:
1503:
1496:
1489:
1482:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1464:
1457:
1450:
1442:
1433:
1432:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1419:
1414:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1376:
1374:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1363:
1358:
1352:
1350:
1343:
1342:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1319:
1317:
1310:
1309:
1304:
1302:
1301:
1294:
1287:
1279:
1271:
1270:
1267:Pierre Charles
1265:
1262:
1253:
1248:
1244:
1243:
1238:
1235:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1202:
1195:
1179:
1154:
1139:
1134:Irving Andre,
1132:
1122:
1109:
1108:External links
1106:
1105:
1104:
1088:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1064:
1038:
1029:
1004:
974:
961:Irving Andre,
954:
941:The Final Call
928:
902:
879:
853:
830:
808:
777:
739:
713:
689:
687:
684:
683:
682:
675:
672:
664:Pierre Charles
656:, and Colonel
646:Abdoulaye Wade
561:
560:Prime minister
558:
541:
538:
501:Nelson Mandela
468:
465:
461:Warren Allmand
425:
422:
410:C. L. R. James
351:Pierre Trudeau
345:
342:
325:
322:
320:
317:
303:
300:
283:
282:
279:
278:
265:
259:
258:
252:
246:
245:
240:
236:
235:
226:(aged 58)
222:1 October 2000
220:
216:
215:
199:
197:
193:
192:
188:
187:
184:
183:
181:Pierre Charles
178:
172:
171:
166:
160:
159:
154:
150:
149:
139:
138:
132:
131:
128:
127:
124:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1624:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1532:
1531:Walter Rodney
1529:
1527:
1526:Trevor Munroe
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1501:
1497:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1488:
1487:
1483:
1481:
1480:
1479:Rosie Douglas
1476:
1475:
1472:
1463:
1458:
1456:
1451:
1449:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1430:
1424:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1372:(1978–)
1368:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1344:
1339:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1311:
1307:
1300:
1295:
1293:
1288:
1286:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1268:
1259:
1258:
1251:
1245:
1241:
1232:
1231:
1224:
1223:Brian Alleyne
1218:
1213:
1207:
1203:
1200:
1196:
1184:
1180:
1169:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1144:
1140:
1137:
1133:
1130:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1093:
1089:
1077:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1052:
1048:
1042:
1039:
1033:
1030:
1018:
1014:
1008:
1005:
992:
988:
986:
978:
975:
971:
967:
964:
958:
955:
942:
938:
932:
929:
917:
913:
906:
903:
890:
883:
880:
867:
863:
857:
854:
841:
834:
831:
819:
812:
809:
796:
792:
786:
784:
782:
778:
766:
762:
758:
752:
750:
748:
746:
744:
740:
727:
723:
717:
714:
710:
706:
702:
699:
694:
691:
685:
681:
678:
677:
673:
671:
669:
665:
661:
659:
655:
654:Daniel Ortega
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
622:Robert Mugabe
619:
616:, Canada and
615:
611:
607:
602:
599:
595:
594:Lionel Jospin
591:
585:
581:
579:
575:
571:
567:
559:
557:
555:
551:
547:
546:Great Britain
539:
537:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
489:
486:
482:
478:
474:
466:
464:
462:
458:
454:
449:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
423:
421:
419:
415:
411:
407:
406:Walter Rodney
403:
399:
395:
390:
388:
384:
380:
377:speak at the
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
359:North Preston
356:
355:René Lévesque
352:
343:
341:
339:
335:
331:
323:
318:
316:
314:
310:
301:
299:
297:
293:
289:
280:
277:
273:
269:
266:
264:
260:
256:
253:
247:
244:
241:
237:
234:
230:
221:
217:
214:
198:
194:
189:
185:
182:
179:
173:
170:
167:
161:
158:
155:
151:
145:
140:
137:
133:
129:
125:Rosie Douglas
122:
113:
110:
102:
99:December 2013
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1521:Eusi Kwayana
1505:
1500:George Odlum
1498:
1491:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1428:
1409:
1399:
1255:
1250:Edison James
1240:Edison James
1228:
1187:. Retrieved
1185:. April 2014
1171:. Retrieved
1158:Ghostarchive
1156:Archived at
1146:. Retrieved
1128:
1119:The Guardian
1118:
1096:. Retrieved
1080:. Retrieved
1055:. Retrieved
1051:PravdaReport
1050:
1041:
1032:
1020:. Retrieved
1016:
1007:
995:. Retrieved
991:the original
984:
977:
957:
945:. Retrieved
940:
931:
919:. Retrieved
915:
905:
893:. Retrieved
882:
870:. Retrieved
866:the original
856:
844:. Retrieved
833:
821:. Retrieved
811:
801:16 September
799:. Retrieved
795:the original
768:. Retrieved
765:The Guardian
764:
730:. Retrieved
725:
716:
708:
693:
662:
642:Yahya Jammeh
603:
586:
582:
574:Edison James
563:
543:
490:
485:Soviet Union
470:
452:
450:
427:
414:Angela Davis
391:
347:
327:
305:
287:
286:
251:affiliations
224:(2000-10-01)
176:Succeeded by
169:Edison James
143:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1557:2000 deaths
1552:1941 births
1189:12 November
1173:12 November
1148:12 November
1098:12 November
1082:12 November
1057:12 November
947:12 November
921:12 November
895:12 November
872:12 November
846:12 November
823:12 November
770:12 November
732:12 November
634:Idriss Deby
418:Bobby Seale
398:Rocky Jones
363:Nova Scotia
164:Preceded by
157:Vernon Shaw
1546:Categories
1493:Tim Hector
1405:P. Charles
1390:E. Charles
686:References
630:Sam Nujoma
606:Portsmouth
590:Tony Blair
483:, and the
438:Anne Cools
402:Tim Hector
324:University
302:Early life
263:Alma mater
229:Portsmouth
206:1941-10-15
69:newspapers
1346:Premiers
610:Australia
566:socialist
367:Joe Clark
319:In Canada
153:President
144:In office
1385:Seraphin
1160:and the
997:28 March
966:Archived
709:Cakafete
701:Archived
674:See also
505:Gulf War
446:Montreal
292:Dominica
257:(Canada)
233:Dominica
1429:italics
1417:Skerrit
1411:Riviere
1400:Douglas
1356:LeBlanc
1328:LeBlanc
530:Vietnam
514:America
509:Baghdad
381:at the
83:scholar
1022:12 May
614:Taiwan
371:Quebec
309:Roseau
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1395:James
1323:Baron
618:Libya
534:China
90:JSTOR
76:books
1380:John
1361:John
1191:2016
1175:2016
1150:2016
1100:2016
1084:2016
1059:2016
1024:2018
999:2013
949:2016
923:2016
897:2016
874:2016
848:2016
825:2016
803:2016
772:2016
734:2016
526:Cuba
522:Iran
518:Iraq
477:Cuba
353:and
219:Died
196:Born
62:news
45:by
1548::
1164::
1127:,
1117:,
1049:.
1015:.
939:.
914:.
780:^
763:.
742:^
724:.
707:,
612:,
556:.
532:,
528:,
524:,
520:,
479:,
444:,
420:.
389:.
361:,
340:.
315:.
231:,
1461:e
1454:t
1447:v
1298:e
1291:t
1284:v
1193:.
1152:.
1102:.
1086:.
1061:.
1026:.
1001:.
951:.
925:.
899:.
876:.
850:.
805:.
774:.
736:.
208:)
204:(
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.