1471:
27:
1543:
1507:
1531:
1483:
171:
1519:
1495:
1340:
T. A. Hromakina; I. N. Belskaya; Yu. N. Krugly; V. G. Shevchenko; J. L. Ortiz; P. Santos-Sanz; R. Duffard; N. Morales; A. Thirouin; R. Ya. Inasaridze; V. R. Ayvazian; V. T. Zhuzhunadze; D. Perna; V. V. Rumyantsev; I. V. Reva; A. V. Serebryanskiy; A. V. Sergeyev; I. E. Molotov; V. A. Voropaev; S. F.
174:
177:
176:
172:
178:
175:
149:
of the object around the rotation axis can vary, and hence the rate of rotation can vary (because the product of the moment of inertia and the rate of rotation is equal to the angular momentum, which is fixed). For example,
122:. Typically, the stated rotation period for a giant planet (such as Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) is its internal rotation period, as determined from the rotation of the planet's
173:
923:
Reference adds about 1 ms to Earth's stellar day given in mean solar time to account for the length of Earth's mean solar day in excess of 86400
1470:
1259:
736:
653:
648:
1439:
958:
789:
847:
Margot, Jean-Luc; Campbell, Donald B.; Giorgini, Jon D.; et al. (29 April 2021). "Spin state and moment of inertia of Venus".
142:
31:
1563:
1398:
993:
Chamberlain, Matthew A.; Sykes, Mark V.; Esquerdo, Gilbert A. (2007). "Ceres lightcurve analysis – Period determination".
1461:
115:
86:), which may differ, by a fraction of a rotation or more than one rotation, to accommodate the portion of the object's
805:
1573:
1431:
728:
633:
1119:
20:
1281:
56:
638:
316:
215:
78:
334:
564:
119:
900:
1360:
1300:
1187:
1138:
1004:
950:
866:
781:
663:
367:
191:
1535:
940:
771:
643:
600:
234:
1578:
1523:
1511:
1376:
1350:
1341:
Velichko (2019-04-09). "Long-term photometric monitoring of the dwarf planet (136472) Makemake".
1316:
1290:
1221:
1156:
1128:
882:
856:
26:
1568:
1435:
1255:
1213:
954:
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775:
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658:
146:
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1203:
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1012:
995:
874:
834:
673:
668:
254:
69:
51:
54:(e.g., star, planet, moon, asteroid) has two definitions. The first one corresponds to the
1246:. The Patrick Moore Practical Astronomy Series. New York, NY: Springer. pp. 149–171.
1073:
151:
145:), it is not necessarily fixed in the body of the object itself. As a result of this, the
975:
208:
Rotation period with respect to distant stars, the sidereal rotation period (compared to
1304:
1191:
1142:
1008:
870:
1547:
1475:
1312:
620:
324:
123:
87:
73:
1276:
1557:
1380:
1320:
1086:
886:
541:
338:
320:
195:
65:
1225:
1160:
1542:
1499:
159:
111:
1372:
1199:
1052:
1016:
1394:
1251:
699:
678:
138:
1151:
1114:
878:
209:
141:
forces. This is because, although the rotation axis is fixed in space (by the
106:, the rotation period is a single value. For gaseous or fluid bodies, such as
1208:
1115:"Cassini Ring Seismology as a Probe of Saturn's Interior. I. Rigid Rotation"
1032:
Rotation period of the deep interior is that of the planet's magnetic field.
103:
39:
16:
Time that it takes to complete one rotation relative to the background stars
1217:
582:
130:
133:, the rotation period is, in general, not fixed, even in the absence of
508:
385:
134:
99:
833:
This rotation is negative because the pole which points north of the
483:
422:
183:
155:
127:
76:). The other type of commonly used "rotation period" is the object's
1494:
1355:
1133:
861:
158:, exhibits this behaviour, and its rotation period is described as
1452:
1295:
533:
290:
272:
187:
169:
25:
1275:
Lacerda, Pedro; Jewitt, David & Peixinho, Nuno (2008-04-02).
114:, the period of rotation varies from the object's equator to its
1091:
349:
308:
107:
19:"Rotation period" redirects here. For the general concept, see
227:
1176:"Voyager Detection of Nonthermal Radio Emission from Saturn"
1395:"JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 136199 Eris (2003 UB313)"
924:
837:
rotates in the opposite direction to most other planets.
1113:
Mankovich, Christopher; et al. (17 January 2019).
1085:
McCartney, Gretchen; Wendel, JoAnna (18 January 2019).
64:), i.e., the time that the object takes to complete a
1459:
1277:"High-Precision Photometry of Extreme KBO 2003 EL61"
1087:"Scientists Finally Know What Time It Is on Saturn"
1424:Murray, Carl D. & Dermott, Stanley F. (1999).
1046:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1038:
90:around a star or another body during one day.
8:
829:
827:
825:
766:
764:
762:
760:
758:
756:
754:
752:
750:
748:
704:COSMOS - The SAO Encyclopedia of Astronomy
1354:
1294:
1237:
1235:
1207:
1150:
1132:
860:
216:Synodic rotation period (mean Solar day)
201:
1466:
935:
933:
691:
1072:Found through examination of Saturn's
1028:
1026:
654:List of fast rotators (minor planets)
649:List of slow rotators (minor planets)
7:
1397:(December 14, 2019, solution date).
1244:Visual Lunar and Planetary Astronomy
1401:from the original on April 12, 2016
1174:Kaiser, M. L.; et al. (1980).
974:Allison, Michael; Schmunk, Robert.
166:Rotation period of selected objects
194:) relative rotation period (using
72:relative to the background stars (
14:
344:none (due to spin-orbit locking)
98:For solid objects, such as rocky
1541:
1529:
1517:
1505:
1493:
1481:
1469:
1053:"Rotation Period and Day Length"
976:"Mars24 Sunclock — Time on Mars"
946:Allen's Astrophysical Quantities
777:Allen's Astrophysical Quantities
723:Phillips, Kenneth J. H. (1995).
143:conservation of angular momentum
1455:in this work may be inaccurate.
1447:Note, the rotation periods for
337:, due to spin-orbit locking, a
396:0.4136994 days (high latitude)
392:0.4135344 days (deep interior)
32:Deep Space Climate Observatory
1:
1242:Abel, Paul (2013). "Saturn".
1200:10.1126/science.209.4462.1238
943:& Cox, Arthur N. (2000).
901:"How long is a day on Venus?"
774:& Cox, Arthur N. (2000).
437:days (average, deep interior)
1343:Astronomy & Astrophysics
1313:10.1088/0004-6256/135/5/1749
1017:10.1016/j.icarus.2006.11.025
443:0.44335 days (high latitude)
439:0.44401 days (deep interior)
1373:10.1051/0004-6361/201935274
1252:10.1007/978-1-4614-7019-9_8
126:. For objects that are not
118:due to a phenomenon called
30:Earth's rotation imaged by
1595:
1432:Cambridge University Press
879:10.1038/s41550-021-01339-7
729:Cambridge University Press
634:Apparent retrograde motion
220:Apparent rotational period
18:
1120:The Astrophysical Journal
593:0.9511164 ±0.0000042 days
587:0.9511083 ±0.0000042 days
575:0.1631461 ±0.0000042 days
569:0.1631458 ±0.0000042 days
415:(9 h 55 m 33 s) (average)
394:0.41007 days (equatorial)
333:29.530588 days (equal to
207:
21:Rotation period (physics)
1282:The Astronomical Journal
1152:10.3847/1538-4357/aaf798
644:Earth's rotation periods
441:0.4264 days (equatorial)
57:sidereal rotation period
1365:2019A&A...625A..46H
905:TE AWAMUTU SPACE CENTRE
639:Day length fluctuations
317:sidereal orbital period
239:35 days (high latitude)
210:Earth's mean Solar days
79:synodic rotation period
335:synodic orbital period
249:~28 days (equatorial)
199:
35:
1427:Solar System Dynamics
390:0.41354 days(average)
181:
120:differential rotation
29:
1564:Kinematic properties
1051:Seligman, Courtney.
941:Allen, Clabon Walter
772:Allen, Clabon Walter
664:Rotation (astronomy)
325:sidereal lunar month
301:1.00 days (24 00 00)
1305:2008AJ....135.1749L
1192:1980Sci...209.1238K
1186:(4462): 1238–1240.
1143:2019ApJ...871....1M
1009:2007Icar..188..451C
871:2021NatAs...5..676M
339:synodic lunar month
235:Carrington rotation
186:and dwarf planets (
1289:(5): 1,749–1,756.
731:. pp. 78–79.
572:0 3 56 43.80 ±0.36
540:(synchronous with
321:spin-orbit locking
222:viewed from Earth
200:
94:Measuring rotation
36:
1574:Time in astronomy
1456:
1261:978-1-4614-7018-2
738:978-0-521-39788-9
659:Retrograde motion
623:for more detail.
617:
616:
590:22 49 35.76 ±0.36
501:(−17 h 14 m 23 s)
205:Celestial objects
182:Animation of the
179:
147:moment of inertia
1586:
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849:Nature Astronomy
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835:invariable plane
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725:Guide to the Sun
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674:Stellar rotation
669:Rotational speed
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476:(10 h 32 m 36 s)
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233:25.379995 days (
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52:celestial object
34:, with axis tilt
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1434:. p. 531.
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953:. p. 308.
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784:. p. 296.
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360:1.02749125 days
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295:0.99726968 days
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44:rotation period
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1418:External links
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124:magnetic field
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1536:Solar System
1426:
1405:February 20,
1403:. Retrieved
1389:
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1324:. Retrieved
1286:
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707:. Retrieved
703:
694:
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513:0.67125 days
466:0 10 38 25.4
462:0 10 39 22.4
405:0 9 55 43.63
401:0 9 55 29.37
378:0.37818 days
372:0.37809 days
330:27 7 43 11.5
283:−116.75 days
259:58.6462 days
154:, a moon of
97:
83:
77:
62:sidereal day
61:
55:
47:
43:
37:
1524:Outer space
1512:Spaceflight
679:Synodic day
557:(–6 9 17 0)
491:−0 17 14 24
262:58 15 30 30
242:25 9 7 11.6
131:symmetrical
128:spherically
68:around its
48:spin period
1558:Categories
1356:1904.03679
1326:2008-09-22
1134:1805.10286
1098:18 January
910:2021-06-03
862:2103.01504
815:2021-06-03
709:2023-08-03
686:References
611:~1.08 days
605:~1.08 days
547:–6 9 17 32
464:0 10 13 59
375:0 9 4 27.0
315:(equal to
1579:Durations
1488:Astronomy
1381:102350991
1321:115712870
1296:0801.4124
980:NASA GISS
887:232092194
516:0 16 6 36
403:0 9 50 30
399:0 9 55 30
280:−243 0 33
104:asteroids
84:solar day
40:astronomy
1569:Rotation
1399:Archived
1226:44313317
1218:17811197
1161:67840660
1127:(1): 1.
1058:June 12,
951:Springer
927:seconds.
782:Springer
700:"Period"
627:See also
583:Makemake
447:10 33 38
433:−0.00091
431:+0.00130
265:176 days
152:Hyperion
1548:Science
1476:Physics
1462:Portals
1449:Mercury
1361:Bibcode
1349:: A46.
1301:Bibcode
1188:Bibcode
1180:Science
1139:Bibcode
1005:Bibcode
867:Bibcode
555: d
524: d
509:Neptune
499: d
474: d
460:
453:−
428:0.44002
413: d
386:Jupiter
319:due to
255:Mercury
184:planets
160:chaotic
100:planets
1438:
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1319:
1258:
1224:
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1159:
1074:C Ring
996:Icarus
957:
885:
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735:
619:* See
608:25 ~54
565:Haumea
551:−6.386
542:Charon
495:−0.718
484:Uranus
423:Saturn
156:Saturn
42:, the
1500:Stars
1453:Earth
1377:S2CID
1351:arXiv
1317:S2CID
1291:arXiv
1222:S2CID
1157:S2CID
1129:arXiv
883:S2CID
857:arXiv
806:"ESO"
534:Pluto
520:0.671
470:0.439
409:0.413
368:Ceres
291:Earth
273:Venus
192:Ceres
188:Pluto
139:tidal
108:stars
50:of a
1451:and
1436:ISBN
1407:2020
1256:ISBN
1214:PMID
1100:2019
1092:NASA
1060:2021
955:ISBN
786:ISBN
733:ISBN
601:Eris
455:1 19
350:Mars
323:, a
309:Moon
190:and
116:pole
110:and
102:and
82:(or
70:axis
60:(or
1369:doi
1347:625
1309:doi
1287:135
1248:doi
1204:hdl
1196:doi
1184:209
1147:doi
1125:871
1013:doi
1001:188
875:doi
810:ESO
228:Sun
137:or
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