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Many video cameras also provide the ability to adjust their shutter. In most cases the camera does not have an actual mechanical shutter. Instead, this adjustment controls the amount of time that the electronic sensor collects light in order to create each successive image. Because electronic cameras
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On more advanced cameras, the open portion of the shutter can be adjusted. This shutter setting is referred to as the "shutter angle". Adjusting the shutter angle controls the proportion of time that the film is exposed to light during each frame interval. The angle of the shutter forms a proportion
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SLR. Both of these cameras were half-frame 35mm cameras (frame size 18 x 24 mm). The rotary shutter proved to be very simple to construct, accurate and reliable in these cameras. Though, in the case of the Univex, it resulted in a very strange "hump" on top of the camera to cover the shutter
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It is even possible for the shutter to be open for multiple frames, far beyond that possible with a 360° shutter angle. One example is the Sony PD170 where the shutter can be set as low as 1/3 second; accumulating light across 10 frames (at a frame rate of approximately 30 frames of 60 interlaced
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newsreel photography. Previously, this effect could only be achieved by purposefully mis-adjusting the timing belt of the film advance mechanism in the camera. However, several manufacturers now provide accessories to electronically control the phase relationship of the shutter and film advance
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do not need to mechanically advance film, it is possible for the shutter to be open for nearly the entire period of each successive frame. At 24 frames per second, it is possible to expose a frame for nearly 1/24 second, achieving longer motion blur otherwise impossible to achieve on film at
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is often used to describe the electronic process of controlling exposure time on a light sensor. The same term is also used in film cameras to refer to a mechanical rotary shutter which can adjust its shutter angle electronically while shooting.
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On most film cameras the shutter angle is changed by removing the lens and adjusting the shutter with a special tool. This cannot be done while the camera is operating. Some cameras such as the
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While the vast majority of rotary shutters are naturally used on motion-picture cameras (as well as projectors), there were some still cameras that employed this type of shutter, notably the
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the "frame
Interval" value is 0.04167 second ( = 1 / 24 ). Using an "exposure time" of 1/50 second gives a shutter angle value of 173°, very close to 180° (normal motion blur effect).
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that is recorded on each successive frame of film. A tight shutter angle will constrict motion blur. A wide shutter angle will allow it. A 180° shutter angle is considered normal.
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look that has become popular in action and war films. In particular, tight shutters are used to capture particles flying through the air, such as dirt from an exploding
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When the shutter is open, the film is exposed. When it closes, the next frame of film is brought into position by the claw.
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221:{\displaystyle {\frac {\text{Shutter Angle}}{360^{\circ }}}={\frac {\text{Exposure Time}}{\text{Frame Interval}}}}
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mechanisms. One such device is the Timing Shift Box available for the above mentioned ARRI 435 series.
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The primary reason that cinematographers adjust the shutter angle is to control the amount of
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fields per second for the NTSC version of the camera and 25 of 50 for the PAL version)
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ES can modify their shutter angle during the shot. This is sometimes referred to as an
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Adjusting the shutter angle affects the amount of time that film is exposed to light.
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used such a shutter adjustment to give his film the look of
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283:Other types of shutter adjustments, such as an
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276:without changing the aperture and affecting
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114:Learn how and when to remove this message
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48:adding citations to reliable sources
246:Tight shutters create a stuttering
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373:– similar issues to shutter angle
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294:Saving Private Ryan
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168:shutters
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162:Details
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