761:
503:
process avoided many of the inherent problems of casting aluminium components and consequently permitted lower casting wall thickness and higher strength-to-weight ratios. However, the process required the use of heat-treated LM25 material which gave the engines a reputation for being fragile. An engine overheat would often result in the material becoming annealed and rendering the components scrap. The layout of the engine bay on some Rover cars fitted with K-series engines – particularly the MGF with its mid-engined layout – means that a commonly-occurring coolant leak under the inlet manifold can go undetected until severe damage has been done to the head. The aluminium engine blocks were fitted with
1028:
557:(VVC) unit (derived from an expired AP patent). This allowed more power to be developed without compromising low-speed torque and flexibility. The VVC system constantly alters the inlet cam period, resulting in a remarkably flexible drive: the torque curve of a VVC K-series engine is virtually flat throughout the rev range and power climbs steadily with no fall-off whatsoever until the rev limiter kicks in at 7,200 rpm.
140:
695:
29:
824:
1043:
475:
868:
The K16 82 hp (61 kW; 83 PS) variant is exactly the same as the 103 PS (76 kW; 102 hp) version, apart from a restrictive throttle body designed to lower the car's insurance group. This can be converted to the 103 hp (77 kW) model by changing to the unrestricted
530:
versions. Because Honda stopped providing Rover with engines after the end of their relationship, but well before the BMW takeover, an enlargement of the K Series design to 1.6 and 1.8 litres was carried out. This was done by using larger diameter cylinder liners and also increasing the stroke.
502:
cylinder head, produced in South Works, adjacent to the former forge). The LPS process pumped liquid aluminium into a chemically-bonded sand mould from below. This reduced oxide inclusions and gave a casting yield of around 90%, compared with 60% for more conventional gravity casting processes. The
1527:
The SAIC Kavachi engine is an extensively improved version of the Rover K series, using a different turbo and gearbox, improved head gasket and strengthened block. UK engineering firm
Ricardo plc, expert in race engine designs, was commissioned to not only redesign the engine but also the
519:, but these were replaced by liners made by Goetze. Unfortunately a large number of aftermarket engines, the so-called "VHPDs", were built with the old substandard GKN liners by Minister, Lotus and PTP well after the introduction of the Goetze liners to production in 2000.
595:. SAIC had also previously purchased the rights and blueprints to several of MG Rovers designs. Whilst they had the necessary knowhow they didn't have any tooling so had to essentially reverse engineer their version of the engine.
531:
The change required a block redesign with the removal of the cylinder block's top deck and a change from "wet" liners to "damp" liners. The plastic throttle body fitted to the engine until 2001 was manufactured by the
660:
forms, with a single coil on the back of the engine block and a distributor cap and rotor arm on the end of the inlet camshaft. MEMS 2J was used on the VVC engine, to control the
Variable Valve Control and the
564:
in 2005, the K Series engine started a new and rather interesting chapter in its history. Two separate re-developments of the engine were taking place by at the time two rival
Chinese car firms.
958:
engines displace 1.6 L; 96.9 cu in (1,588 cc) with bore X stroke of 80 mm × 79 mm (3.15 in × 3.11 in) and have DOHC, 16 valves and MPI. Two variations were created:
845:
engines displace 1.4 L; 85.2 cu in (1,396 cc) with bore X stroke of 75 mm × 79 mm (2.95 in × 3.11 in) and have DOHC, 16 valves and MPI. Six variations were created:
604:
All new tooling was used in its production and the quality of materials and that of the aluminium casting process created a much more substantial update than that of the N Series.
760:
578:
With the help of Lotus
Engineering, NAC went on to produce the N Series an improved version of the K Series with redesigned headgasket and oil rail built on the original tooling.
553:
The two types of head that were bolted to the common four-cylinder block were designated K8 (8 valves) and K16 (16 valves). A later head design also incorporated a Rover-designed
1443:
version) (Uses VVC unique cylinder head casting (similar to VVC casting), has big valves, but with fixed cam timing – No development input was requested from Rover).
598:
The advantage of this was it allowed
Ricardo 2010, the company tasked by SAIC to carry out development the opportunity to improve the engine in a number of areas.
869:
throttle body of a 103 engine. The 90 PS (66 kW; 89 hp) Spi features single-point fuel injection rather than the multi-point of the later engine.
1057:
engines displace 1.8 L; 109.6 cu in (1,796 cc) with bore X stroke of 80 mm × 89.3 mm (3.15 in × 3.52 in)
581:
This engine featured in the relaunched MG TF in the UK and the MG3 SW and MG7 in China. Contrary to popular belief, the N Series was never fitted to the
1528:
manufacturing process to produce what is now a very reliable engine. It is only available in 1.8 L; 109.6 cu in (1,796 cc) version.
494:
car. It was the second volume-production implementation of the low-pressure sand-casting (or LPS) technique in a new plant sited between East Works and
601:
The main areas of improvement included the head being redesigned to improve the waterways and structural rigidity and the block was also strengthened.
1085:
or in slightly tuned at 136 PS (100 kW; 134 hp) @ 6750 rpm/ 165 N⋅m (122 lb⋅ft) @ 3000 rpm in the MG TF
716:
46:
1665:
542:
which held the engine under compression, though this construction is not unknown, and was used in early lightweight fighter engines from the
1081:
The base engine makes 118 bhp (120 PS; 88 kW) @ 5600 rpm and 124 lb⋅ft (168 N⋅m) @ 3500 rpm of
1689:
1584:
1355:
Rover later tuned the VVC to produce 158 hp (118 kW; 160 PS) @ 7000 rpm / 174 N⋅m (128 lb⋅ft) @4700 rpm
776:
engines displace 1.1 L; 67.9 cu in (1,113 cc) with bore X stroke of 75 mm × 63 mm. Four variations were created:
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742:
112:
93:
65:
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17:
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72:
50:
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This new engine would go on to power the Roewe 750, the Roewe 550 and later after the two firms NAC and SAIC merged, The
79:
705:
575:
and the intellectual property rights and production tooling to many designs, including those of the K series engine.
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produced 143 hp (107 kW; 145 PS) @ 7000 rpm / 174 N⋅m (128 lb⋅ft) @4500 rpm
657:
443:
724:
709:
61:
39:
364:
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516:
1027:
1684:
1268:
637:
554:
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270:
1197:
499:
412:
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VHPD – Very-high-performance derivative, 177 or 192 PS (130 or 141 kW; 175 or 189 hp) (
940:
678:
185:
1522:
653:
523:
430:
407:
325:
197:
152:
86:
568:
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417:
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1147:
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466:, ranging from 1.1 to 1.8 L; 67.9 to 109.6 cu in (1,113 to 1,796 cc).
376:
217:
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When the MG TF ceased production for the final time in 2011, so did the N Series.
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from 1990 until 1994 and a 1.9 ECU from 1995 onwards, in either Single Point or
629:
543:
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The cylinder block of a United
Kingdom Rover K-series 16-valve DOHC engine with
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The four-cylinder engines were held together as a sandwich of components by
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571:(NAC) purchased the assets of MG Rover and in doing so acquired use of the
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1.1 to 1.8 L; 67.9 to 109.6 cu in (1,113 to 1,796 cc)
474:
282:
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and made 150 to 160 PS (110 to 118 kW; 148 to 158 hp)
1082:
930:
386:
498:. (The first volume application of the LPS process had been for the
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1177:
1157:
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909:
832:
822:
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849:
SOHC K8 8-valve, Carburettor, 75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp)
780:
SOHC K8 8-valve, Carburettor, 60 PS (44 kW; 59 hp)
1624:
1032:
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1001:
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company. They also included aluminium and larger sized bodies.
16:
This article is about the Rover engine. For other engines, see
688:
591:
The second development was by the larger
Chinese conglomerate
512:
22:
864:
DOHC K16 16-valve, MPI, 103 PS (76 kW; 102 hp)
546:. It had also been used in motorcycle engines and Triumph's "
861:
DOHC K16 16-valve, MPI, 83 PS (61 kW; 82 hp)
858:
DOHC K16 16-valve, SPI, 90 PS (66 kW; 89 hp)
789:
DOHC K16 16-valve, MPI, 75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp)
1570:
Krause, G. William (8 September 2017). "The
Italian Job".
640:
became standard with the launch of the Rover 100 in 1994.
1573:
The
Illustrated History of Triumph Sports and Racing Cars
855:
SOHC K8 8-valve, MPI, 75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp)
852:
SOHC K8 8-valve, SPI, 75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp)
786:
SOHC K8 8-valve, MPI, 60 PS (44 kW; 59 hp)
783:
SOHC K8 8-valve, SPI, 60 PS (44 kW; 59 hp)
1053:
The 1.8 engine is the largest the engine displaces. All
1050:
Engine Codes: 18K4F (16V non-VVC), 18K4K (VVC variants)
838:
Engine Codes: 14K2F (8V), 14K4F (16V), 14K16 (16V)?
677:
in 1999, MEMS 3 was introduced, with twin coils and
669:at both ends of the engine. With the launch of the
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53:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1235:due to emissions and fuel economy, the engine is
522:The engine was introduced initially in 1.1-litre
1231:The 1.8 Turbo was developed to replace the 2.0
381:60–192 PS (44–141 kW; 59–189 hp)
665:, which was used because there were camshaft
8:
723:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
138:
129:
743:Learn how and when to remove this message
113:Learn how and when to remove this message
1658:The Rover K-series 16V Engine. 1989-2005
1451:
1363:
1279:
1092:
127:Reciprocating internal combustion engine
1537:
628:with a manual choke and a breaker-less
486:The K series was introduced in 1988 by
624:Early K8 engines used a single SU KIF
1547:Project Phoenix: the birth of the MGF
1262:The VVC engine came in three variant:
1031:MG ZR 160 1.800cc TRON 2.0 MKII 2004
965:111 PS (82 kW; 109 hp)
962:109 PS (80 kW; 108 hp)
391:124–128 lb⋅ft (168–174 N⋅m)
7:
721:adding citations to reliable sources
511:that were initially manufactured by
51:adding citations to reliable sources
1627:– History of Austin and Longbridge
14:
1633:– The full history of this engine
1035:K-series 160 HP VVC engine in a
764:1.1-litre carburettor engine in
693:
27:
663:Distributorless Ignition System
38:needs additional citations for
969:Cars that came with the 1600:
872:Cars that came with the 1400:
793:Cars that came with the 1100:
1:
458:cylinder built in two forms,
1046:K-series turbo in a Rover 25
1579:. CarTech. pp. 42–63.
1549:. Bloomsbury. p. 175.
917:– Ireland and Portugal only
444:internal combustion engines
222:89.3 mm (3.52 in)
1711:
1520:
632:mounted on the end of the
560:Following the collapse of
15:
1690:Gasoline engines by model
1600:May, Dennis (June 1961).
515:'s Sheepbridge Stokes of
212:80 mm (3.15 in)
137:
490:as a powerplant for the
1631:K-Series engine history
550:" Le Mans race engine.
62:"Rover K-series engine"
1645:Engine Overhaul Manual
1047:
1039:
941:Reliant Scimitar Sabre
835:
769:
638:Single-point injection
567:The Chinese automaker
555:Variable Valve Control
483:
450:, a sister company of
1695:Straight-four engines
1656:Hammill, Des (2008).
1610:. pp. 59–61, 64.
1602:"Triumph's Twin-Cam!"
1198:Land Rover Freelander
1045:
1030:
831:K-series engine in a
826:
763:
477:
440:Rover K-series engine
413:Rover T-series engine
1545:Adcock, Ian (1996).
1077:Naturally Aspirated:
936:FSO Polonez Caro/Atu
717:improve this section
679:sequential injection
175:1988–2005 (K series)
47:improve this article
1523:SAIC Kavachi engine
951:Engine Code: 16K4F
524:single overhead cam
454:. The engine was a
431:SAIC Kavachi engine
408:BMC A-series engine
1647:. Rover K Series.
1048:
1040:
836:
770:
569:Nanjing Automobile
540:long through-bolts
484:
418:BL O-series engine
1667:978-1-84155-688-8
1512:
1511:
1434:
1433:
1350:
1349:
1223:
1222:
1064:per cylinder and
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752:
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615:Engine management
528:dual overhead cam
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435:
283:Max. engine speed
123:
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115:
97:
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1233:Rover KV6 engine
1148:Rover Streetwise
1093:
1072:Non-VVC (18K4F):
982:Rover Streetwise
905:Rover Streetwise
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741:
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728:
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648:K16 models used
573:Longbridge plant
302:On some versions
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1638:Further reading
1625:Austin Memories
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1305:Rover 200 Coupe
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544:First World War
509:cylinder liners
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442:is a series of
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317:
267:4 valves x cyl.
262:
261:2 valves x cyl.
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128:
119:
108:
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18:K-series engine
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1649:MG Rover Group
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1619:External links
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1607:Car and Driver
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1586:978-1613253397
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1521:Main article:
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1517:Kavachi engine
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1497:Caterham Seven
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733:September 2023
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533:SU Carburettor
526:and 1.4-litre
496:Cofton Hackett
471:
470:Design history
468:
448:Powertrain Ltd
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315:SU Carburettor
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166:Powertrain Ltd
162:MG Rover Group
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133:Rover K-series
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103:September 2007
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1685:Rover engines
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1556:0-7475-2695-8
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1448:Applications:
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702:This section
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652:, with a 1.6
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456:straight-four
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387:Torque output
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241:Cylinder head
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218:Piston stroke
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208:Cylinder bore
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186:Configuration
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64: –
63:
59:
58:Find sources:
52:
48:
42:
41:
36:This article
34:
30:
25:
24:
19:
1660:. CP Press.
1657:
1644:
1605:
1595:
1572:
1565:
1546:
1540:
1526:
1409:MG F / MG TF
1325:MG F / MG TF
1261:
1257:VVC (18K4K):
1256:
1255:
1237:turbocharged
1230:
1226:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1070:
1054:
1052:
1049:
968:
955:
953:
950:
871:
867:
842:
840:
837:
792:
773:
771:
739:
730:
715:Please help
703:
647:
623:
606:
603:
600:
597:
590:
587:
580:
577:
566:
559:
552:
537:
521:
517:Chesterfield
485:
479:
439:
437:
377:Power output
365:Water-cooled
298:Turbocharger
198:Displacement
153:Manufacturer
124:
109:
100:
90:
83:
76:
69:
57:
45:Please help
40:verification
37:
1507:Caterham 21
1477:Lotus Exige
1467:Lotus Elise
1429:Caterham 21
1345:Caterham 21
1218:Caterham 21
1017:Caterham 21
877:Rover Metro
798:Rover Metro
766:Rover Metro
685:Model range
667:drive belts
658:Multi Point
630:distributor
488:Rover Group
401:Predecessor
313:Single KIF
158:Rover Group
1679:Categories
1532:References
1487:Lotus 340R
1267:The early
1249:2001-2005
1243:2000-2005
827:1.4-litre
626:carburetor
593:SAIC Motor
480:damp liner
396:Chronology
348:Oil system
331:Rover MEMS
326:Management
292:Combustion
254:Valvetrain
191:Straight-4
172:Production
73:newspapers
1295:Rover 200
1108:Rover 200
987:Rover 400
973:Rover 200
926:GTM Libra
895:Rover 400
886:Rover 200
882:Rover 100
808:Rover 200
803:Rover 100
704:does not
620:K8 engine
505:spun-cast
492:Rover 200
482:cylinders
446:built by
427:Successor
337:Fuel type
277:RPM range
247:Aluminium
234:Aluminium
1315:Rover 25
1245:Rover 75
1138:Rover 75
1128:Rover 45
1118:Rover 25
1062:4 valves
992:Rover 45
977:Rover 25
900:Rover 45
890:Rover 25
813:Rover 25
675:Rover 45
671:Rover 25
634:camshaft
562:MG Rover
452:MG Rover
353:Wet sump
243:material
230:material
147:Overview
1503:1996–99
1493:1996-05
1473:2000-04
1463:1996-06
1425:1996–99
1415:1996-05
1405:1995–05
1395:2001-05
1385:2001-05
1375:2001-05
1341:1996–99
1331:1996-05
1321:1995–05
1311:1999-05
1301:1995-99
1291:1995-99
1214:1996–99
1204:1996-05
1194:1997–06
1184:1995–05
1174:2001-05
1164:2001-05
1154:2001-05
1144:2003–05
1134:1998-05
1124:1999-05
1114:1999-05
1104:1995-99
725:removed
710:sources
636:. MEMS
548:Sabrina
87:scholar
1664:
1583:
1553:
1458:Model
1370:Model
1286:Model
1099:Model
1083:torque
1037:MG ZR
931:GTM K3
371:Output
341:Petrol
310:system
180:Layout
89:
82:
75:
68:
60:
1577:(PDF)
1455:Years
1441:Lotus
1399:MG ZT
1389:MG ZS
1379:MG ZR
1367:Years
1283:Years
1251:MG ZT
1178:MG ZT
1168:MG ZS
1158:MG ZR
1096:Years
1007:MG TF
997:MG ZS
915:MG ZS
910:MG ZR
833:MG ZR
768:Quest
507:iron
269:with
94:JSTOR
80:books
1662:ISBN
1581:ISBN
1551:ISBN
1483:2000
1188:MG F
1059:DOHC
1055:1800
1033:DOHC
1023:1800
1002:MG F
956:1600
954:All
947:1600
843:1400
841:All
829:DOHC
819:1400
774:1100
772:All
756:1100
708:any
706:cite
673:and
650:MEMS
609:MG 6
583:MG 6
500:M-16
464:DOHC
462:and
460:SOHC
438:The
308:Fuel
287:7200
264:DOHC
259:SOHC
66:news
1269:VVC
1066:MPI
719:by
654:ECU
644:K16
513:GKN
271:VVC
49:by
1681::
1604:.
1068:.
681:.
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585:.
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731:(
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164:/
116:)
110:(
105:)
101:(
91:·
84:·
77:·
70:·
43:.
20:.
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