656:
840:
788:
75:
1420:
40:
1142:
740:
The chaplain to King
Charles I, Edward Simmons described a Cavalier as "a Child of Honour, a Gentleman well borne and bred, that loves his king for conscience sake, of a clearer countenance, and bolder look than other men, because of a more loyal Heart". There were many men in the Royalist armies who
807:
would, without hesitation, have broken any trust, or done any act of treachery to have satisfied an ordinary passion or appetite; and in truth wanted nothing but industry (for he had wit, and courage, and understanding and ambition, uncontrolled by any fear of God or man) to have been as eminent and
634:
17 June in Rushw. Coll. III. (1721) I. 631 That your
Majesty..would please to dismiss your extraordinary Guards, and the Cavaliers and others of that Quality, who seem to have little Interest or Affection to the publick Good, their Language and Behaviour speaking nothing but Division and
808:
successful in the highest attempt of wickedness as any man in the age he lived in or before. Of all his qualifications dissimulation was his masterpiece; in which he so much excelled, that men were not ordinarily ashamed, or out of countenance, with being deceived but twice by him.
539:). It was later adopted by the Royalists themselves. Although it referred originally to political and social attitudes and behaviour, of which clothing was a very small part, it has subsequently become strongly identified with the fashionable clothing of the court at the time.
630:. in Clarendon v. (1702) I. 504 Several sorts of malignant Men, who were about the King; some whereof, under the name of Cavaliers, without having respect to the Laws of the Land, or any fear either of God or Man, were ready to commit all manner of Outrage and Violence. 1642
812:
This sense has developed into the modern
English use of "cavalier" to describe a recklessly nonchalant attitude, although still with a suggestion of stylishness. Cavalier remained in use as a description for members of the party that supported the monarchy up until the
768:; however, the word was coined by the Roundheads as a pejorative propaganda image of a licentious, hard drinking and frivolous man, who rarely, if ever, thought of God. It is this image which has survived and many Royalists, for example
741:
fit this description since most of the
Royalist field officers were typically in their early thirties, married with rural estates which had to be managed. Although they did not share the same outlook on how to worship God as the English
622:"Cavalier" is chiefly associated with the Royalist supporters of King Charles I in his struggle with Parliament in the English Civil War. It first appears as a term of reproach and contempt, applied to Charles' followers in June 1642:
737:, and is dated 1624. These derogatory terms (for at the time they were so intended) also showed what the typical Parliamentarian thought of the Royalist side – capricious men who cared more for vanity than the nation at large.
691:
Cavalier was not understood at the time as primarily a term describing a style of dress, but a whole political and social attitude. However, in modern times the word has become more particularly associated with the
817:
of 1678–1681 when the term was superseded by "Tory" which was another term initially with pejorative connotations. Likewise, during the
Exclusion Bill crisis, the term Roundhead was replaced with "
643:
as a title of honour by the king's party, who in return applied
Roundhead to their opponents. At the Restoration, the court party preserved the name, which survived until the rise of the term
74:
660:
764:, Astley gave his word that he would not take up arms again against Parliament and having given his word he felt duty bound to refuse to help the Royalist cause in the
1249:
1253:
719:, the archetypal recorder of the Cavalier image, all took the Parliamentary side in the Civil War. Probably the most famous image identified as of a "cavalier",
1221:
1162:
655:
750:
1328:
639:
Charles, in the Answer to the
Petition 13 June 1642, speaks of Cavaliers as a "word by what mistake soever it seemes much in disfavour". It was soon
387:
277:
830:
693:
262:
696:, which included long flowing hair in ringlets, brightly coloured clothing with elaborate trimmings (i.e., lace collars and cuffs), and plumed
839:
1376:
1303:
1284:
1200:
1397:
257:
1157:
769:
1357:
781:
247:
996:
450:
787:
1405:
1000:
818:
937:
362:
158:
272:
844:
614:(c. 1597), where he is called "Cavaleiro Justice" (knightly judge) and "bully rook", a term meaning "blustering cheat".
927:
791:
402:
1336:
1442:
773:
610:
540:
307:
121:
43:
1315:
31:
1424:
765:
197:
711:
Most
Parliamentarian generals wore their hair at much the same length as their Royalist counterparts, though
761:
412:
148:
1215:
798:
legend translates as "The religion of the
Protestants, the laws of England and the liberty of Parliament.
757:
has become famous "O Lord, Thou knowest how busy I must be this day. If I forget Thee, do not forget me".
742:
777:
701:
529:
525:
517:
443:
417:
202:
929:
Linguistic
Variation in the Shakespeare Corpus: Morpho-syntactic Variability of Second Person Pronouns
680:
513:
978:
13 Sept., The Queene was now in her cavalier riding habite, hat and feather, and horseman's coate".
704:, with their preference for shorter hair and plainer dress, although neither side conformed to the
252:
183:
1447:
1276:
The Concise Encyclopedia of the Revolutions and Wars of England, Scotland, and Ireland, 1639–1660
1243:
754:
715:
was something of an exception. The best patrons in the nobility of Charles I's court painter Sir
608:
says, "I'll drink to Master Bardolph, and to all the cavaleros about London". Shallow returns in
1372:
1353:
1349:
1299:
1280:
1274:
1196:
1060:
992:
933:
725:
684:
676:
543:, commander of much of Charles I's cavalry, is often considered to be an archetypal Cavalier.
521:
297:
190:
101:
54:
1192:
821:", a term introduced by the opponents of the Whigs and also was initially a pejorative term.
1235:
849:
814:
716:
672:
600:
472:
436:
292:
712:
422:
287:
217:
137:
1399:
Military Instructions for the Cavallrie: or Rules and directions for the service of horse
746:
640:
605:
397:
267:
207:
1419:
1180:
Cavalier Generals: King Charles I and His Commanders in the English Civil War, 1642–46
700:. This contrasted with the dress of at least the most extreme Roundhead supporters of
39:
30:
This article is about the Royalists during the English Civil War. For other uses, see
1436:
1210:
1153:
1148:
834:
705:
242:
697:
591:
573:
407:
347:
342:
337:
302:
282:
116:
17:
1214:
578:
1088:
749:, God was often central to their lives. This type of Cavalier was personified by
1324:
1266:
The History of England from the Invasion of Julius Caesar to the Revolution 1688
583:
377:
357:
110:
106:
91:
1393:
1261:
720:
392:
212:
131:
96:
1225:. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 258–259.
1166:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 562–563.
730:
505:
372:
367:
352:
222:
143:
595:
1234:. Vol. 5 (seven volumes ed.). Oxford University Press. p.
799:
509:
382:
153:
126:
908:
734:
327:
1189:
Going to the Wars: The Experience of the British Civil Wars 1638–1651
890:
888:
332:
1147:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
838:
795:
786:
654:
38:
1296:
George Goring (1608–1657): Caroline Courtier and Royalist General
644:
63:
915:. Philadelphia, PA: Henry Altemus – via www.bartleby.com.
1332:
496:
855:
An example of the Cavalier style can be seen in the painting
1406:
Military science in western Europe in the sixteenth century
776:, a general in the Royalist army, the principal advisor to
487:
951:
949:
772:, fitted this description to a tee. Of another Cavalier,
481:
1232:
The history of the rebellion and civil wars in England
661:
Lord John Stuart and his Brother, Lord Bernard Stuart
554:
derives from the same Latin root as the Italian word
478:
475:
493:
484:
490:
989:The Art of Dress: Clothes and Society 1500–1914
805:
624:
46:, often considered to be an archetypal Cavalier
857:Charles I, King of England, from Three Angles
567:
555:
444:
8:
1248:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1230:Clarendon, Edward Hyde, 1st earl of (1839).
561:
188:
879:
800:Let God arise and His enemies be scattered.
27:Royalist supporter in the English Civil War
1252:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
451:
437:
49:
1329:"Choosing Sides in the English Civil War"
1112:
1100:
1084:
751:Jacob Astley, 1st Baron Astley of Reading
1044:
955:
1072:
1032:
872:
61:
1241:
1124:
1020:
848:, the triple portrait of Charles I by
729:, shows a gentleman from the strongly
508:as a term of abuse for the wealthier
7:
1056:
1348:. Oxford University Press. p.
1216:"Goring, George Goring, Lord"
967:
926:Busse, Ulrich (22 September 2002).
894:
831:1600–50 in Western European fashion
770:Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester
753:, whose prayer at the start of the
1063:See footnote r. cites Warwick 229.
782:Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon
25:
1418:
1369:The English Civil Wars 1640–1660
1346:Britain in Revolution: 1625–1660
1279:. Scarecrow Press. p. 476.
1273:Manganiello, Stephen C. (2004).
1191:. Taylor & Francis. p.
1140:
687:, fighting on the Royalist side.
471:
73:
974:, First quotation "1666 EVELYN
1294:Memegalos, Florene S. (2007).
913:Dictionary of Phrase and Fable
1:
1423:The dictionary definition of
932:. John Benjamins Publishing.
665:
533:
845:Charles I in Three Positions
694:court fashions of the period
1182:. Pen & Sword Military.
590:to describe an overbearing
403:Traditionalist conservatism
1464:
1268:. Vol. V. .T. Cadell.
907:Brewer, E. Cobham (1898).
828:
774:George Goring, Lord Goring
611:The Merry Wives of Windsor
44:Prince Rupert of the Rhine
29:
1371:. London: Penguin Books.
1344:Woolrych, Austin (2002).
1316:Oxford English Dictionary
1187:Carlton, Charles (2002).
970:, "Cavalier", Meaning 4.
942:– via Google Books.
632:Petition Lords & Com.
604:(c. 1596–1599), in which
388:Spanish American royalism
32:Cavalier (disambiguation)
1313:OED (1989). "Cavalier".
263:1st Viscount Bolingbroke
198:Conservative corporatism
1222:Encyclopædia Britannica
1163:Encyclopædia Britannica
794:gold coin of 1644: the
566:, and the Spanish word
149:Traditional Catholicism
1367:Worden, Blair (2009).
1298:. Ashgate Publishing.
1178:Barratt, John (2005).
852:
810:
803:
688:
637:
582:, meaning 'horseman'.
568:
562:
556:
278:1st Duke of Wellington
189:
47:
859:by Anthony van Dyck.
842:
790:
658:
628:Propositions of Parlt
258:1st Earl of Rochester
248:1st Earl of Clarendon
203:Divine right of kings
42:
1339:on 29 November 2004.
681:Lord Bernard Stewart
514:Charles I of England
504:) was first used by
991:, pp. 73–75, 2009,
184:Cavalier Parliament
18:Royalist (cavalier)
1319:(Second ed.).
1089:inside front cover
853:
804:
760:At the end of the
755:Battle of Edgehill
689:
651:Social perceptions
560:, the French word
48:
1443:English Civil War
1378:978-0-14-100694-9
1305:978-0-7546-5299-1
1286:978-0-8108-5100-9
1202:978-0-203-42558-9
987:Ashelford, Jane,
726:Laughing Cavalier
708:images entirely.
685:English Civil War
677:Lord John Stewart
618:English Civil War
522:English Civil War
461:
460:
298:Winston Churchill
102:Counterrevolution
16:(Redirected from
1455:
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1403:
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1340:
1335:. Archived from
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880:Manganiello 2004
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850:Anthony van Dyck
815:Exclusion Crisis
766:Second Civil War
717:Anthony van Dyck
673:Anthony van Dyck
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293:G. K. Chesterton
273:3rd Earl of Bute
253:Roger L'Estrange
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173:
86:
77:
66:
50:
21:
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1387:Further reading
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1306:
1293:
1287:
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1260:
1240:
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1213:, ed. (1911a).
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1177:
1174:
1156:, ed. (1911). "
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626:1642 (June 10)
620:
549:
536:
474:
470:
457:
428:
427:
423:Veronese Easter
323:
320:
313:
312:
288:Stanley Baldwin
238:
235:
228:
227:
218:Oxford Movement
174:
171:
164:
163:
138:Noblesse oblige
122:Interventionism
87:
85:Characteristics
84:
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55:Politics series
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1115:, p. 259.
1113:Chisholm 1911a
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1101:Clarendon 1839
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1077:
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733:Dutch town of
652:
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641:reappropriated
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606:Robert Shallow
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586:used the word
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1179:
1172:Bibliography
1161:
1127:, p. 4.
1120:
1108:
1103:, p. 3.
1096:
1080:
1073:Barratt 2005
1068:
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1033:Carlton 2002
1028:
1016:
1007:
1001:google books
988:
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909:"Bully-rook"
902:
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854:
843:
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743:Independents
739:
724:
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690:
683:died in the
659:
638:
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625:
621:
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592:swashbuckler
587:
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574:Vulgar Latin
551:
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516:and his son
465:
464:
462:
408:Ultra-Tories
348:Distributism
343:Conservatism
308:George Grant
303:Enoch Powell
283:Walter Scott
178:
136:
117:High culture
62:
53:Part of the
36:
1394:Cruso, John
1262:Hume, David
1125:Worden 2009
1021:Stoyle 2003
669: 1638
584:Shakespeare
579:caballarius
537: 1679
530:Restoration
526:Interregnum
520:during the
378:Reactionary
111:Anglicanism
107:High Church
92:Agrarianism
1437:Categories
1059:, p.
939:1588112802
863:References
829:See also:
778:Charles II
721:Frans Hals
702:Parliament
528:, and the
518:Charles II
506:Roundheads
418:Viva Maria
393:Sanfedismo
358:Legitimism
213:Jacobitism
132:Monarchism
97:Classicism
1448:Cavaliers
1244:cite book
1057:Hume 1841
731:Calvinist
671:, by Sir
588:cavaleros
569:caballero
563:chevalier
557:cavaliere
547:Etymology
463:The term
373:Pink Tory
368:Miguelism
353:High Tory
338:Cristeros
223:Powellism
179:Cavaliers
1426:cavalier
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1327:(2003).
1264:(1841).
1158:Cavalier
968:OED 1989
895:OED 1989
784:, said:
713:Cromwell
552:Cavalier
532:(1642 –
510:royalist
466:Cavalier
413:Vendéens
383:Red Tory
363:Loyalism
159:Unionism
154:Royalism
127:Loyalism
1151::
1134:Sources
972:attrib.
825:In arts
745:of the
735:Haarlem
675:. Both
596:gallant
333:Chouans
328:Carlism
236:People
65:Toryism
1375:
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936:
572:, the
524:, the
976:Dairy
868:Notes
796:Latin
576:word
1373:ISBN
1354:ISBN
1300:ISBN
1281:ISBN
1254:link
1250:link
1197:ISBN
993:ISBN
934:ISBN
833:and
819:Whig
698:hats
679:and
645:Tory
635:War.
1350:249
1333:BBC
1160:".
1061:216
598:in
497:ɪər
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