209:
656:
77:
52:
302:
However, it becomes more observable during the short dry season when many birds are breeding. The Sao Tome
Grosbeak often moves in pairs or alone and descends to the forest understorey to feed on seeds using its powerful bill. Understanding its habitat and behavior is crucial for its conservation on Sao Tome.
301:
The Sao Tome
Grosbeak was initially believed to inhabit only lowland native forests. Recent observations expanded its known habitat range, with sightings in secondary forests at higher elevations. This canopy-dwelling bird is quite silent and unresponsive to playback, making it challenging to detect.
324:
The presence of introduced species like the Black Rat (Rattus rattus), Mona Monkey (Cercopithecus mona), African Civet (Civettictis civetta), and feral cats (Felis catus) raises concerns about potential predators of the Sao Tome
Grosbeak. However, further research is needed to assess their actual
315:
Historically, extensive lowland forest areas were cleared to establish cocoa plantations. Subsequent abandonment of these plantations led to the development of secondary forests, which are less suitable for the Sao Tome
Grosbeak. Additionally, the introduction of an oil palm plantation further
264:
For a long period this bird was known only from three nineteenth-century specimens. It was rediscovered in 1991. The current population is estimated at less than 250, and it is classified as critically endangered by the IUCN. The main threat is
726:
716:
731:
615:
455:
Melo, Martim; Stervander, Martin; Hansson, Bengt; Jones, Peter J. (2017-07-01). "The endangered São Tomé Grosbeak
Neospiza concolor is the world's largest canary".
741:
697:
208:
589:
628:
428:
Melo, M.; Stervander, M.; Hansson, B.; Jones, P. J. (2017). "The endangered São Tomé Grosbeak
Neospiza concolor is the world's largest canary".
403:
257:, 50% heavier than the next largest canary species, and possesses a massive bill for a member of that genus. It is endemic to the island of
520:
198:
746:
690:
655:
633:
56:
751:
683:
76:
531:
181:
377:
258:
568:
266:
41:
736:
721:
221:
71:
620:
576:
472:
667:
464:
437:
372:
354:
710:
363:
290:
61:
663:
581:
17:
602:
148:
554:
491:
476:
285:
253:
158:
128:
88:
548:
108:
594:
563:
468:
441:
607:
98:
525:
404:"World's largest canary discovered on island of giants and dwarfs"
280:
273:
138:
118:
529:
348:
346:
344:
342:
340:
338:
671:
538:
378:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22720310A128249895.en
272:The São Tomé grosbeak was formerly placed in the
397:
395:
691:
8:
311:Historical Deforestation and Habitat Changes
251:) is the largest member of the canary genus
717:IUCN Red List critically endangered species
698:
684:
526:
207:
50:
31:
376:
334:
727:Endemic birds of São Tomé and Príncipe
742:Critically endangered fauna of Africa
498:. International Ornithologists' Union
7:
652:
650:
490:Gill, Frank; Donsker, David (eds.).
289:based on a phylogenetic analysis of
364:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
670:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
25:
325:impact on the bird's population.
283:") but was assigned to the genus
732:Endemic fauna of São Tomé Island
654:
75:
402:Sekar, Sandhya (5 April 2017).
353:BirdLife International (2018).
1:
496:World Bird List Version 5.2
293:and nuclear DNA sequences.
768:
649:
521:BirdLife Species Factsheet
316:exacerbated habitat loss.
371:: e.T22720310A128249895.
233:(Barboza du Bocage, 1888)
227:
220:
215:
206:
187:
180:
72:Scientific classification
70:
48:
39:
34:
747:Birds described in 1888
666:-related article is a
57:Critically Endangered
492:"Finches, euphonias"
320:Predators and Impact
267:habitat destruction
42:Conservation status
752:Fringillidae stubs
357:Crithagra concolor
248:Crithagra concolor
191:Crithagra concolor
35:São Tomé grosbeak
679:
678:
644:
643:
540:Neospiza concolor
532:Taxon identifiers
469:10.1111/ibi.12466
442:10.1111/ibi.12466
243:São Tomé grosbeak
239:
238:
231:Neospiza concolor
199:Barboza du Bocage
65:
18:São Tomé Grosbeak
16:(Redirected from
759:
700:
693:
686:
658:
651:
637:
636:
624:
623:
611:
610:
598:
597:
585:
584:
572:
571:
569:580126428C4385D8
559:
558:
557:
527:
508:
507:
505:
503:
487:
481:
480:
452:
446:
445:
425:
419:
418:
416:
414:
399:
390:
389:
387:
385:
380:
350:
211:
193:
173:C. concolor
80:
79:
59:
54:
53:
32:
21:
767:
766:
762:
761:
760:
758:
757:
756:
707:
706:
705:
704:
647:
645:
640:
632:
627:
619:
614:
606:
601:
593:
588:
580:
575:
567:
562:
553:
552:
547:
534:
517:
512:
511:
501:
499:
489:
488:
484:
454:
453:
449:
427:
426:
422:
412:
410:
401:
400:
393:
383:
381:
352:
351:
336:
331:
322:
313:
308:
299:
202:
195:
189:
176:
74:
66:
55:
51:
44:
28:
27:Species of bird
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
765:
763:
755:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
709:
708:
703:
702:
695:
688:
680:
677:
676:
659:
642:
641:
639:
638:
625:
612:
599:
586:
573:
560:
544:
542:
536:
535:
530:
524:
523:
516:
515:External links
513:
510:
509:
482:
463:(3): 673–679.
447:
436:(3): 673–679.
420:
391:
333:
332:
330:
327:
321:
318:
312:
309:
307:
304:
298:
295:
279:(meaning "new
237:
236:
235:
234:
225:
224:
218:
217:
213:
212:
204:
203:
196:
185:
184:
178:
177:
170:
168:
164:
163:
156:
152:
151:
146:
142:
141:
136:
132:
131:
126:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
68:
67:
49:
46:
45:
40:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
764:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
714:
712:
701:
696:
694:
689:
687:
682:
681:
675:
673:
669:
665:
660:
657:
653:
648:
635:
630:
626:
622:
617:
613:
609:
604:
600:
596:
591:
587:
583:
578:
574:
570:
565:
561:
556:
550:
546:
545:
543:
541:
537:
533:
528:
522:
519:
518:
514:
497:
493:
486:
483:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
451:
448:
443:
439:
435:
431:
424:
421:
409:
408:New Scientist
405:
398:
396:
392:
379:
374:
370:
366:
365:
360:
358:
349:
347:
345:
343:
341:
339:
335:
328:
326:
319:
317:
310:
305:
303:
296:
294:
292:
291:mitochondrial
288:
287:
282:
278:
275:
270:
268:
262:
260:
256:
255:
250:
249:
244:
232:
229:
228:
226:
223:
219:
214:
210:
205:
200:
194:
192:
186:
183:
182:Binomial name
179:
175:
174:
169:
166:
165:
162:
161:
157:
154:
153:
150:
147:
144:
143:
140:
137:
134:
133:
130:
129:Passeriformes
127:
124:
123:
120:
117:
114:
113:
110:
107:
104:
103:
100:
97:
94:
93:
90:
87:
84:
83:
78:
73:
69:
63:
58:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
672:expanding it
664:Fringillidae
661:
646:
539:
500:. Retrieved
495:
485:
460:
456:
450:
433:
429:
423:
411:. Retrieved
407:
382:. Retrieved
368:
362:
356:
323:
314:
300:
284:
276:
271:
263:
252:
247:
246:
242:
240:
230:
190:
188:
172:
171:
159:
139:Fringillidae
29:
603:iNaturalist
384:20 November
149:Carduelinae
145:Subfamily:
711:Categories
329:References
737:Grosbeaks
722:Crithagra
477:1474-919X
286:Crithagra
254:Crithagra
167:Species:
160:Crithagra
95:Kingdom:
89:Eukaryota
621:10596924
555:Q1307299
549:Wikidata
277:Neospiza
259:São Tomé
222:Synonyms
135:Family:
109:Chordata
105:Phylum:
99:Animalia
85:Domain:
62:IUCN 3.1
595:2494597
564:Avibase
413:6 April
306:Threats
297:Habitat
201:, 1888)
155:Genus:
125:Order:
115:Class:
60: (
634:561585
502:5 June
475:
216:range
662:This
616:IRMNG
608:10587
582:73XLH
281:finch
274:genus
668:stub
629:ITIS
590:GBIF
504:2015
473:ISSN
457:Ibis
430:Ibis
415:2017
386:2021
369:2018
241:The
119:Aves
577:CoL
465:doi
461:159
438:doi
434:159
373:doi
713::
631::
618::
605::
592::
579::
566::
551::
494:.
471:.
459:.
432:.
406:.
394:^
367:.
361:.
337:^
269:.
261:.
699:e
692:t
685:v
674:.
506:.
479:.
467::
444:.
440::
417:.
388:.
375::
359:"
355:"
245:(
197:(
64:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
